MY ELARABC BOOKBy: Amanda Nabors

A is for……….……………….Alliteration

a technique used to emphasize phonemes by using successive words that begin with the same consonant sound or letter.

B is for....................Balanced Reading Program

A concept that encompasses best teaching practices from two traditionally opposing reading instruction programs: the skills-based approach, which emphasizes phonics instruction, and the meaning-based approach, which promotes reading comprehension and enrichment.

C is for ……………………….Context clues

Information surrounding a new or unusual word or word group that can provide helpful hints on the meaning of the unfamiliar term

D is for………..……….. DRTA

Directed Reading/ Thinking Activity is a teacher-directed strategy helping students to establish a purpose for reading a story or reading expository writing from a content book.1. Sample the text to develop background: Children

are guided to read the title, look at pictures or any kind of visual representation, and read some sample lines from the text to develop hypothesis about the content of the text.

2. Make predictions: Students make predictions based on a sample of the text.

3. Confirm or correct predictions: Children read the text and engage in follow-up activities to corroborate of the predictions were correct.

E is for……………………Echo Reading

A reading strategy in which a lead reader reads aloud a section of text, and a second reader’s “echo’s” after that which was first read. Helping students with fluency, reading orally, new vocabulary, and comprehension.

F is for……….……………… Fluency

Fluency is defined as the ability to read with speed, accuracy, and proper expression.

G is for……………………..Graphemes

Individual letters represent phonemes.

H is for …………………Herringbone

The technique helps students develop comprehension of the main idea of a story by answering the who, what, when, where, how, and why questions on a diagram of a fish skeleton.

I is for……….………..inflectional morphemes

Do not change the syntactic classification and typically follow derivational morphemes in a word. These are native of English and always function as suffixes. Short Plural – s Long Plural –es Third person singular-s Possessive -’s Progressive – ing Regular past tense – ed Past participle –en or –ed Comparative and superlative –er and est

J is for…….…………Journal Writing

Various types of journals can be used in elementary grades Personal journals- are used to record personal information

and to encourage self-analysis of their experiences. Dialogue journals- promote written communication among

students and between the teacher and students. The main purpose is to communicate, not to teach writing skills. Teachers can model writing when the reply.

Reflective journals- are used to respond in writing to specific situations or problems. It is often shared with the teacher for input.

Learning logs- are commonly used in the content areas to record elements discussed in class. In these logs, students describe what they have learned and elements in which they have difficulties. Teachers read the document and act on the request for assistance.

K is for……..………K-W-L

A strategy that involves students in activating their schemata constructing questions about a topic, developing purposes for reading, and recording information they gleaned from the text that answers their questions about the topic.

What do you know? What do you want to know? What did you learn?

L is for…….…………Language acquisition

Results from the combination of innate ability, imitation of what is said and heard, and multiple environmental influences. Children are said to be born with innate abilities and mechanisms to develop language.

M is for…….…………..Morphems

The smallest representation of meaning.

N is for……..………..Narrative

Is a story or an account. It may recount an incident or a series of incidents. The account may be autobiographical to make a point. The narrative my be fiction or nonfiction.

O is for…………….Observation

The teacher may make observations during individual or group work. The teacher makes a checklist of competencies, skills, or requirements, and then uses the list to check off the ones a student or group displays.

P is for………….Portfolios

Collections of the students’ best work. They can be used in any subject area in which the teacher wants students to take more responsibility for planning, carrying out, and organizing their own learning.

Q is for……………………Question

In the acronym SQ4R is a plan students use when reading text in content areas.o Survey: the readers examine the headings, illustration,

bold letters, and major components of the text to develop predictions and generate questions about the topic.

o Question: students devise questions that the chapter will probably answer. The questions establish a purpose for reading.

o Read (1R): students read while looking for answers.o Write (2R): students monitor comprehension as they

write a summary. Creating one allows opportunities to internalize and make their own interpretation of the content.

o Recite (3R): student attempts to answer orally or write the questions at the end of the chapter.

o Review (4R): finally they review the text to evaluate the accuracy of their answers and to show how much they learned about the content.

R is for……………….Running Record

A way to assess students’ word identification skills and fluency in oral reading. It is an informal assessments. In a running record, the teacher uses a copy of the page to mark each word the child mispronounces as the teacher listens to a student read a page. The teacher writes the incorrect word over the printed word, draws a line through each word the child skips, and draws an arrow under repeated words.

http://www.readinga-z.com/guided/runrecord.html

S is for…….…………Stages

Stages of Reading Development Emergent Readers: understand that print

contains meaningful information. They imitate the reading process and display basic reading readiness skills.

Early Readers: have mastered reading readiness skills and are beginning to read simple text with some degree of success.

Newly Fluent Readers: can read with relative fluency and comprehension. The are able to use several cuing systems to obtain meaning from print.

T is for…………….Top-Down Approach

This approach begins with the whole and then proceeds to its individual parts. That is, the top-down approach begins with the

Whole stories Paragraphs Sentences

Words Syllables

Graphemes Phonemes

U is for……..…………Use

Using Routines as Literacy Events- Several activities can be modified to promote reading and writing development. Take attendance: Use a chart with students’ names

on it. The names can be placed in alphabetical order, which uses indirect teaching to deal with that concept.

Daily weather report: Use picture and word representing the climatic conditions.

Today’s day: students select the appropriate card to show day of the week. Organize a calendar of events and review the plan of the day.

Use notes: to communicate with students. Praise them or discuss behavior in written form.

V is for…….………..Visual media

Incorporates the use of visual imagery to either complement or supplement the message being carried.

W is for…….…………Written CommunicationCompetency 010: The teacher understands that writing to communicate is a developments process and provides instruction that promotes students’ competence in written communication.

TEA WRITING PROGRAM1. Focus ad Coherence- how the main idea is introduced and

supported2. Organization- the organization of ideas, including

connectors3. Development of Ideas- how the ideas are presented and

supported in writing4. Voice- the uniqueness of the author and how ideas are

projected5. Conventions- the use of capitalization, punctuation, and

spelling

X is for……..……….leXicon

Refers to the vocabulary of a language. The meanings of words change based on context and its historical framework, vocabulary is said to be one of the most variable and rich components of a language. Ex.

HOT could meanHigh temperature

FashionableLucky

Y is for……..……….YOU!

You are the one to model, teach, lead, guide, and direct the youth of today in to leaders of tomorrow.

Z is for…….……….organiZers

Graphic organizers help students improve organizational skills and provide a visual representation of facts and concepts and their relationships within an organized framework.