muraszkiewicz

Environment of the Trafficking Business

Brussels, April 2016

@TRACE_EU http://trace-project.eu

Introduction

The crime does not

happen in a

vacuum

Law

Communities

Technology

Risk

Opportunities

Politics

Economic /

Social factors

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What is human trafficking?

Orgnised crime Small groups /

individuals White collar crime


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Economic perspectives

Supply and demand

criminal organisations as business enterprises Becker highlighted, a criminal is

not simply engaging in deviant behaviour but instead acts on rational considerations of costs and benefits. In other words individuals maximise welfare, where welfare is not just income but can also derive from pleasure or the thrill of deviancy. (Becker, Gary. Crime and Punishment: An Economic Approach. Journal of Political Economy 76, 1968, pp. 169-217.)


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Network Perspectives…

Trafficking in human beings does not only involve a material business process but also people who are willing and able to execute one or more parts of it. crime is a very labour-intensive and personal event. So criminal

entrepreneurs are obliged to invest in human relationships.


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Law

Agreed that the trafficking process consists of an act (of recruitment) through the use of a means, with the aim of exploitation.

However there remain ambiguities and problems: Exploitation Identification Corporate liability Compensation Non-prosecution or non-punishment


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A diverse environment

A diverse and perplexed landscape


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Thank you…

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Julia Muraszkiewicz,PhD candidate at Vrije Universiteit

[email protected]

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