municipal regulation and use of drones: faa rules, state laws,...

Municipal Regulation and Use of Drones

FAA Rules State Laws and Preemption IssuesLeveraging Opportunities and Overcoming Challenges of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

Todayrsquos faculty features

1pm Eastern | 12pm Central | 11am Mountain | 10am Pacific

The audio portion of the conference may be accessed via the telephone or by using your computers

speakers Please refer to the instructions emailed to registrants for additional information If you

have any questions please contact Customer Service at 1-800-926-7926 ext 1

WEDNESDAY FEBRUARY 12 2020

Presenting a live 90-minute webinar with interactive QampA

Thaddeus R Lightfoot Partner Dorsey amp Whitney Minneapolis

Brian Wright-Bushman Attorney Aleshire amp Wynder Irvine Calif

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Sound Quality

If you are listening via your computer speakers please note that the quality

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If you dialed in and have any difficulties during the call press 0 for assistance

Viewing Quality

To maximize your screen press the lsquoFull Screenrsquo symbol located on the bottom

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FOR LIVE EVENT ONLY

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participation in this webinar by completing and submitting the Attendance

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For additional information about continuing education call us at 1-800-926-7926

ext 2

FOR LIVE EVENT ONLY

Program Materials

If you have not printed the conference materials for this program please

complete the following steps

bull Click on the link to the PDF of the slides for todayrsquos program which is located

to the right of the slides just above the QampA box

bull The PDF will open a separate tabwindow Print the slides by clicking on the

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FOR LIVE EVENT ONLY

Municipal Regulation and

Use of Drones FAA Rules State Lawes and Preemption

Issues

Thaddeus R Lightfoot

Dorsey amp Whitney LLP

5

National Airspace System (NAS)

bull Any aircraft operations

bull in the national airspace require

bull a certified and registered aircraft

bull a licensed pilot

bull and operational approval

bull NAS Regulated by ClassesmdashEven at Low Altitudes

6

bull Legal Authorities for the NAS

ndash Air Commerce Act of 1926

ndash United States v Causby 328 US 256 (1946)

ndash 49 USC sect 40103

7

National Airspace System

8

Section 333 Waiver Process

FAA Modernization amp Reform Act

-Identify a Pilot

-Submit an Application

-Wait

-Apply for a Registration Number

-Fly

9

10

FAA EnforcementmdashSkyPan International

11

FAA Part 107 sUAS Regulations

14 CFR Part 107

12

Part 107 Regulations

General Operational Limitations

-Less Than 55 Pounds

-Visual Line of Sight

-Daylight Operations

-Height 400rsquo Speed 87 Knots

13


Where Flights Are Allowed

14

LOW ALTITUDE AUTHORIZATION AND

NOTIFICATION CAPABILITY

bull Preapproved Flight Zones and Maximum Altitudes for Operation UASs Near Airports

bull Precursor to UTM (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Traffic Management)

bull Pilot Project at Four Airports

bull All Airports by End of 2019

15

Know Your Airspace Class

AIRMAPCOM

16


Remote Pilot in Command

bull Required Qualifications

bull Part 61 Pilot Certificate Holders

bull Foreign Certified UAS Pilots

17


Other Considerations

bull Additional Important Operational Limits

bull Part 107 Waiver Process

bull Section 333 Exemption Process

18

FAA Extension Safety and Security Act of

2016

bull Section 2202 ndash FAA to develop for remote drone identification within 2 years

bull Section 2207 ndash Emergency exemption for civil or public emergency response

bull Section 2209 ndash Process to designate fixed site facilities and prohibit drone operations

bull Section 2210 ndash Exemption process to be established for beyond visual line of sight (BVLOS) and night drone operations related to inspection and disaster response for critical infrastructure

19

FAA Reauthorization Act 2018

bull Prioritizing FAA regulations to expand the operation of small UASs (currently operating under Part 107) to operations Beyond the Visual Line of Sight at night and over persons

bull Requiring FAA update regulations within one year to permit the carriage of property by small commercial UAS operators within the United States

bull Requires FAA to consult with DHS amp DOJ to take countermeasures against a UAS posing a danger to federal facilities including shoot-down if a ldquocredible threatrdquo

bull Criminal penalties for UAS interference with wildfire suppression or law enforcement or emergency response effort related to wildfire suppression

bull Crime to knowingly or recklessly operate UAS that interferes with other aircraft or airport operation

20

Remote ID of UASs

(proposed rule 12-31-2019)

bull Provides identification and location information to other airspaces users and persons on the ground

bull Three methods of compliance

ndash Standard identification

ndash Limited identification

ndash Operations wo identification in FAA identification zones

bull Drone users will purchase data subscription plan from UAS Service Suppliers who will collect record and share drone and flight operation data with FAA law enforcement and general public

bull Comment deadline March 2 2020

21

Preemption and State Regulation

bull Federal Preemption

ndash Restrictions on Operations Equipment or Training

ndash Local Land Use

State Regulation by Statute

22

State and Municipal Laws

bull Approximately 40 states have laws regulating drones

bull Many municipalities have also regulated UAS operations

bull Most laws relate to state and local police power

bull Four general categories

ndash Empowering and regulating law enforcement use

ndash Prohibiting use in particular areas such as over ldquocritical infrastructurerdquo or ldquotargeted facilitiesrdquo

ndash Regulating rural use

ndash Prohibiting certain UAS operations and protecting privacy

23

Federal Preemption Construed

bull Singer v City of Newton No 117-cv-10071-WGY (D Mass Sept 21 2017)

ndash Federal law preempts four ordinance provisions

bull Requirement to register UAVs with city

bull Ban on operations below 400 feet over private property without permission of property owner

bull Ban on operations over public property without city permission

bull Ban on operations beyond line of sight

ndash No challenge to a ban on operations interfering with manned aircraft or to conduct surveillance where person has reasonable expectation of privacy

24

Lessons of Singer

bull No express preemption of state or municipal law

bull No field preemption of state or municipal law

bull Conflict preemption applies

bull Federal law likely to preempt operational UAS restrictions

bull State regulation likely to be lawful if based on traditional police power

25

FAA Pronouncement on Preemption

bull FAA Press Release July 30 2018

ndashCongress provided the FAA with exclusive authority to regulate navigable airspace

ndashState and local regulations not permitted to regulate any type of aircraft operations

26

27

QUESTIONS


lightfootthaddorseycom

612-492-6532

28

MUNICIPAL DRONESREGULATION AND PUBLIC USE

Brian Wright-Bushman

29

Regulating Drone Use

bull Review Broad Federal Preemption

bull Review Regulation Limited to Traditional Police Powers

bull Look for laws of general applicability that could be applied to drones

bull Foletta v Ellis

30


bull If you regulate be ready for a challenge

bull Case Study City of Tiburon CA

bull Options for Entities Without Police Power ndash Ask Cities for Help

31

What Can Drones Do For Cities

bull Emergency Servicesbull Deliver medicinemedical equipment to remote areas

(blood supplies defibrillators vaccines etc) (Wise County VA)

bull Crime Fightingbull Overhead surveillance during an ongoing incident

(Modesto CA)

bull Accident Scene InvestigationDocumentationbull Eg car accidents (Lake County IL)

32


bull Firefighting Assistancebull Aerial monitoring of fires thermal imaging to

determine if people are inside buildings etc (Menlo Park CA)

bull Infrastructure Inspection bull Inspecting pipelines reservoirs powerlines

powerplants etc (PGampE)

bull Disaster Inspectionbull Aerial damage assessment

33


bull Search amp Rescue (Texas Parks amp Rec Department)

bull Lifeguardingbull Aerial monitoring dropping flotation devices

bull Othersbull How are your clientsentities using drones

34

Examples (To Look At Later)

bull Public Safety (Fire Police)

- httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8unZG4ZW4As

- httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=D3BWpoJ6ijs

- httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=ytpf2PYG_5I

bull Public Safety (EMS) -httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=y-rEI4bezWc

bull Lifeguarding -httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=YMjJowZVpns

bull Search amp RescueRecovery -httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=_fv4X3EYG2k

bull Infrastructure Inspection -httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=B5RdFVQh-Iw

35

Steps for Starting a Public Drone Program

bull Mission parameters How will the drone be used

bull Part 107 or Waiver

bull If necessary apply for a Waiverbull FAA Website currently says waiting time is 90 days

bull Make sure City has certified pilots

bull Adopt a policy for drone use amp maintenance

bull Address any public feedback

36

Part 107 or Waiver

bull Once you have defined the mission determine whether you can operate under Part 107

bull Part 107 includes several requirements which should all be reviewed Perhaps the most important are as followsbull Visual line of sight only

bull No operation over people who are not under a covered structure or in a car

bull Daylight only (no night operation)

bull Maximum altitude ndash 400 ft or within 400 ft of a structure

bull New Rulemaking

37

Part 107 or Waiver

bull Some requirements of Part 107 can be waived by obtaining a Certificate of Waiver or Authorization (COA or Waiver)

bull A request for a Waiver must contain a complete description of the proposed operation and justification that establishes that the operation can be safely conducted under the terms of the Waiver

bull Operation under a Waiver must comply with all of the conditions and limitations specified in the Waiver

38

Part 107 or Waiver

bull The following Part 107 requirements are waivable among othersbull Operation from a moving vehicle or aircraft

bull Daylight operation

bull Visual line of sight

bull Operation of people

bull Maximum groundspeed

bull Maximum altitude

bull Flying in controlled airspace

39

Certified Pilots

bull Employees of the public entity must become certified to fly drones

bull Agencies can also request authorization to function as a ldquopublic aircraft operatorrdquo that can self-certify its pilots and drones

40

Drone Policybull Cities should adopt policies governing the use of

drones and training of City personnel who will be using drones

bull These policies should include provisions regardingbull Authorized and prohibited uses of dronebull Protection of privacybull Storage of databull Authority for and documentation of missionsbull Certification and supervision of pilotsbull Drone maintenance

41

Public Feedback

bull Drones are a new technology and often raise concerns for members of the public

bull Keep the public informed about the cityrsquos use of drones and anticipate concerns about privacy

42

We Have A ProgramNow What

bull Stay up to date on developing legal issues

bull Stay up to date on FAA regulations

bull Stay up to date on developing technology

bull Stay in contact with other public agencies to learn how other agencies are using drones

43

Helpful Websites

bull FAA webpage on how start a drone program for public agencies

httpswwwfaagovuaspublic_safety_govdrone_program

bull FAA portal for submitting waiver applications

httpswwwfaagovuasrequest_waiver

44

THANK YOU

Brian Wright-Bushmanbwrightbushmanawattorneyscom

(949) 223-1170

Tips for Optimal Quality

Sound Quality

If you are listening via your computer speakers please note that the quality

of your sound will vary depending on the speed and quality of your internet

connection

If the sound quality is not satisfactory you may listen via the phone dial

1-877-447-0294 and enter your Conference ID and PIN when prompted

Otherwise please send us a chat or e-mail soundstraffordpubcom immediately

so we can address the problem

If you dialed in and have any difficulties during the call press 0 for assistance

Viewing Quality

To maximize your screen press the lsquoFull Screenrsquo symbol located on the bottom

right of the slides To exit full screen press the Esc button

FOR LIVE EVENT ONLY








ext 2

FOR LIVE EVENT ONLY

Program Materials






printer icon

FOR LIVE EVENT ONLY



Issues



5








6





7


8



-Identify a Pilot


-Wait


-Fly

9

10


11


14 CFR Part 107

12







13



14







15


AIRMAPCOM

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17






18


2016





19







20

Remote ID of UASs









21






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Lessons of Singer






25





26

27

QUESTIONS



612-492-6532

28



29






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31





(Modesto CA)


32







33





34










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36

Part 107 or Waiver






bull New Rulemaking

37

Part 107 or Waiver




38

Part 107 or Waiver








39

Certified Pilots



40




41

Public Feedback



42






43

Helpful Websites





44

THANK YOU


(949) 223-1170








ext 2

FOR LIVE EVENT ONLY

Program Materials






printer icon

FOR LIVE EVENT ONLY



Issues



5








6





7


8



-Identify a Pilot


-Wait


-Fly

9

10


11


14 CFR Part 107

12







13



14







15


AIRMAPCOM

16






17






18


2016





19







20

Remote ID of UASs









21






22










23









24

Lessons of Singer






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26

27

QUESTIONS



612-492-6532

28



29






30





31





(Modesto CA)


32







33





34










35








36

Part 107 or Waiver






bull New Rulemaking

37

Part 107 or Waiver




38

Part 107 or Waiver








39

Certified Pilots



40




41

Public Feedback



42






43

Helpful Websites





44

THANK YOU


(949) 223-1170

Program Materials






printer icon

FOR LIVE EVENT ONLY



Issues



5








6





7


8



-Identify a Pilot


-Wait


-Fly

9

10


11


14 CFR Part 107

12







13



14







15


AIRMAPCOM

16






17






18


2016





19







20

Remote ID of UASs









21






22










23









24

Lessons of Singer






25





26

27

QUESTIONS



612-492-6532

28



29






30





31





(Modesto CA)


32







33





34










35








36

Part 107 or Waiver






bull New Rulemaking

37

Part 107 or Waiver




38

Part 107 or Waiver








39

Certified Pilots



40




41

Public Feedback



42






43

Helpful Websites





44

THANK YOU


(949) 223-1170



Issues



5








6





7


8



-Identify a Pilot


-Wait


-Fly

9

10


11


14 CFR Part 107

12







13



14







15


AIRMAPCOM

16






17






18


2016





19







20

Remote ID of UASs









21






22










23









24

Lessons of Singer






25





26

27

QUESTIONS



612-492-6532

28



29






30





31





(Modesto CA)


32







33





34










35








36

Part 107 or Waiver






bull New Rulemaking

37

Part 107 or Waiver




38

Part 107 or Waiver








39

Certified Pilots



40




41

Public Feedback



42






43

Helpful Websites





44

THANK YOU


(949) 223-1170








6





7


8



-Identify a Pilot


-Wait


-Fly

9

10


11


14 CFR Part 107

12







13



14







15


AIRMAPCOM

16






17






18


2016





19







20

Remote ID of UASs









21






22










23









24

Lessons of Singer






25





26

27

QUESTIONS



612-492-6532

28



29






30





31





(Modesto CA)


32







33





34










35








36

Part 107 or Waiver






bull New Rulemaking

37

Part 107 or Waiver




38

Part 107 or Waiver








39

Certified Pilots



40




41

Public Feedback



42






43

Helpful Websites





44

THANK YOU


(949) 223-1170





7


8



-Identify a Pilot


-Wait


-Fly

9

10


11


14 CFR Part 107

12







13



14







15


AIRMAPCOM

16






17






18


2016





19







20

Remote ID of UASs









21






22










23









24

Lessons of Singer






25





26

27

QUESTIONS



612-492-6532

28



29






30





31





(Modesto CA)


32







33





34










35








36

Part 107 or Waiver






bull New Rulemaking

37

Part 107 or Waiver




38

Part 107 or Waiver








39

Certified Pilots



40




41

Public Feedback



42






43

Helpful Websites





44

THANK YOU


(949) 223-1170


8



-Identify a Pilot


-Wait


-Fly

9

10


11


14 CFR Part 107

12







13



14







15


AIRMAPCOM

16






17






18


2016





19







20

Remote ID of UASs









21






22










23









24

Lessons of Singer






25





26

27

QUESTIONS



612-492-6532

28



29






30





31





(Modesto CA)


32







33





34










35








36

Part 107 or Waiver






bull New Rulemaking

37

Part 107 or Waiver




38

Part 107 or Waiver








39

Certified Pilots



40




41

Public Feedback



42






43

Helpful Websites





44

THANK YOU


(949) 223-1170



-Identify a Pilot


-Wait


-Fly

9

10


11


14 CFR Part 107

12







13



14







15


AIRMAPCOM

16






17






18


2016





19







20

Remote ID of UASs









21






22










23









24

Lessons of Singer






25





26

27

QUESTIONS



612-492-6532

28



29






30





31





(Modesto CA)


32







33





34










35








36

Part 107 or Waiver






bull New Rulemaking

37

Part 107 or Waiver




38

Part 107 or Waiver








39

Certified Pilots



40




41

Public Feedback



42






43

Helpful Websites





44

THANK YOU


(949) 223-1170

10


11


14 CFR Part 107

12







13



14







15


AIRMAPCOM

16






17






18


2016





19







20

Remote ID of UASs









21






22










23









24

Lessons of Singer






25





26

27

QUESTIONS



612-492-6532

28



29






30





31





(Modesto CA)


32







33





34










35








36

Part 107 or Waiver






bull New Rulemaking

37

Part 107 or Waiver




38

Part 107 or Waiver








39

Certified Pilots



40




41

Public Feedback



42






43

Helpful Websites





44

THANK YOU


(949) 223-1170


11


14 CFR Part 107

12







13



14







15


AIRMAPCOM

16






17






18


2016





19







20

Remote ID of UASs









21






22










23









24

Lessons of Singer






25





26

27

QUESTIONS



612-492-6532

28



29






30





31





(Modesto CA)


32







33





34










35








36

Part 107 or Waiver






bull New Rulemaking

37

Part 107 or Waiver




38

Part 107 or Waiver








39

Certified Pilots



40




41

Public Feedback



42






43

Helpful Websites





44

THANK YOU


(949) 223-1170


14 CFR Part 107

12







13



14







15


AIRMAPCOM

16






17






18


2016





19







20

Remote ID of UASs









21






22










23









24

Lessons of Singer






25





26

27

QUESTIONS



612-492-6532

28



29






30





31





(Modesto CA)


32







33





34










35








36

Part 107 or Waiver






bull New Rulemaking

37

Part 107 or Waiver




38

Part 107 or Waiver








39

Certified Pilots



40




41

Public Feedback



42






43

Helpful Websites





44

THANK YOU


(949) 223-1170







13



14







15


AIRMAPCOM

16






17






18


2016





19







20

Remote ID of UASs









21






22










23









24

Lessons of Singer






25





26

27

QUESTIONS



612-492-6532

28



29






30





31





(Modesto CA)


32







33





34










35








36

Part 107 or Waiver






bull New Rulemaking

37

Part 107 or Waiver




38

Part 107 or Waiver








39

Certified Pilots



40




41

Public Feedback



42






43

Helpful Websites





44

THANK YOU


(949) 223-1170



14







15


AIRMAPCOM

16






17






18


2016





19







20

Remote ID of UASs









21






22










23









24

Lessons of Singer






25





26

27

QUESTIONS



612-492-6532

28



29






30





31





(Modesto CA)


32







33





34










35








36

Part 107 or Waiver






bull New Rulemaking

37

Part 107 or Waiver




38

Part 107 or Waiver








39

Certified Pilots



40




41

Public Feedback



42






43

Helpful Websites





44

THANK YOU


(949) 223-1170







15


AIRMAPCOM

16






17






18


2016





19







20

Remote ID of UASs









21






22










23









24

Lessons of Singer






25





26

27

QUESTIONS



612-492-6532

28



29






30





31





(Modesto CA)


32







33





34










35








36

Part 107 or Waiver






bull New Rulemaking

37

Part 107 or Waiver




38

Part 107 or Waiver








39

Certified Pilots



40




41

Public Feedback



42






43

Helpful Websites





44

THANK YOU


(949) 223-1170


AIRMAPCOM

16






17






18


2016





19







20

Remote ID of UASs









21






22










23









24

Lessons of Singer






25





26

27

QUESTIONS



612-492-6532

28



29






30





31





(Modesto CA)


32







33





34










35








36

Part 107 or Waiver






bull New Rulemaking

37

Part 107 or Waiver




38

Part 107 or Waiver








39

Certified Pilots



40




41

Public Feedback



42






43

Helpful Websites





44

THANK YOU


(949) 223-1170






17






18


2016





19







20

Remote ID of UASs









21






22










23









24

Lessons of Singer






25





26

27

QUESTIONS



612-492-6532

28



29






30





31





(Modesto CA)


32







33





34










35








36

Part 107 or Waiver






bull New Rulemaking

37

Part 107 or Waiver




38

Part 107 or Waiver








39

Certified Pilots



40




41

Public Feedback



42






43

Helpful Websites





44

THANK YOU


(949) 223-1170






18


2016





19







20

Remote ID of UASs









21






22










23









24

Lessons of Singer






25





26

27

QUESTIONS



612-492-6532

28



29






30





31





(Modesto CA)


32







33





34










35








36

Part 107 or Waiver






bull New Rulemaking

37

Part 107 or Waiver




38

Part 107 or Waiver








39

Certified Pilots



40




41

Public Feedback



42






43

Helpful Websites





44

THANK YOU


(949) 223-1170


2016





19







20

Remote ID of UASs









21






22










23









24

Lessons of Singer






25





26

27

QUESTIONS



612-492-6532

28



29






30





31





(Modesto CA)


32







33





34










35








36

Part 107 or Waiver






bull New Rulemaking

37

Part 107 or Waiver




38

Part 107 or Waiver








39

Certified Pilots



40




41

Public Feedback



42






43

Helpful Websites





44

THANK YOU


(949) 223-1170







20

Remote ID of UASs









21






22










23









24

Lessons of Singer






25





26

27

QUESTIONS



612-492-6532

28



29






30





31





(Modesto CA)


32







33





34










35








36

Part 107 or Waiver






bull New Rulemaking

37

Part 107 or Waiver




38

Part 107 or Waiver








39

Certified Pilots



40




41

Public Feedback



42






43

Helpful Websites





44

THANK YOU


(949) 223-1170

Remote ID of UASs









21






22










23









24

Lessons of Singer






25





26

27

QUESTIONS



612-492-6532

28



29






30





31





(Modesto CA)


32







33





34










35








36

Part 107 or Waiver






bull New Rulemaking

37

Part 107 or Waiver




38

Part 107 or Waiver








39

Certified Pilots



40




41

Public Feedback



42






43

Helpful Websites





44

THANK YOU


(949) 223-1170






22










23









24

Lessons of Singer






25





26

27

QUESTIONS



612-492-6532

28



29






30





31





(Modesto CA)


32







33





34










35








36

Part 107 or Waiver






bull New Rulemaking

37

Part 107 or Waiver




38

Part 107 or Waiver








39

Certified Pilots



40




41

Public Feedback



42






43

Helpful Websites





44

THANK YOU


(949) 223-1170










23









24

Lessons of Singer






25





26

27

QUESTIONS



612-492-6532

28



29






30





31





(Modesto CA)


32







33





34










35








36

Part 107 or Waiver






bull New Rulemaking

37

Part 107 or Waiver




38

Part 107 or Waiver








39

Certified Pilots



40




41

Public Feedback



42






43

Helpful Websites





44

THANK YOU


(949) 223-1170









24

Lessons of Singer






25





26

27

QUESTIONS



612-492-6532

28



29






30





31





(Modesto CA)


32







33





34










35








36

Part 107 or Waiver






bull New Rulemaking

37

Part 107 or Waiver




38

Part 107 or Waiver








39

Certified Pilots



40




41

Public Feedback



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(Modesto CA)


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Part 107 or Waiver






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municipal regulation and use of drones: faa rules, state laws,...

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