multiple tools for ip control
DESCRIPTION
Multiple Tools for IP Control. Dan Morrical Iowa State University 515-294-0847 [email protected]. Old way. Drugs, drugs, drugs Newer, stronger, bigger doses No longer sustainable No new drugs. Tools available. Knowledge Genetics Selective treatment Parasite resistance - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Old way
Drugs, drugs, drugs
Newer, stronger, bigger doses
No longer sustainable
No new drugs
Tools available
Knowledge
Genetics
Selective treatment
Parasite resistance
Rotational grazing
Parasite resistance
Land resource
Knowledge
High risk animals
High risk times
Dry lot versus pasture
Stock density
Knowledge
Larvae levelsLarvae levels
Typical parasitic lifestyle
Eggs:
Development from egg to infective (L3) larvae can occur as early as 6 days
Molt into L1’s in the egg then hatch
Nematodirus develop into L3’s in the egg, then hatch
Most ova do not survive very cold ambient temperatures
Typical parasitic lifestyle
L3’s - infective stage
Thick cuticle protects them from dryingCannot feed - finite life span
Warm temperatures increase their metabolic rate.
Can survive some freezing
Haemonchus
Adults live in abomasumingest 0.05ml blood/worm/day
5000 worms will remove 250 ml of blood.
Adults are very prolific egg layers
Haemonchus L3’s are not as cold hardy as others
Most L3’s live for 1-3 months
Genetics
Katahdin and NSIP
Dorpers ?, Boer goats ?
Genetic resistance vs production
Selective treatment
FAMACHA
treat pale eyes
Labor
Faith
Resistance
Our parasites truly resistant
Fecal egg reduction test
Drenchrite
Refusia
Grazing management
Better forage productionBetter health statusEnough nutrients to feed sheep and parasites.
Land Resource
Pasture A Pasture B
Hayed in 07 grazed in 07
Grazed in 08 hayed in 08
Land Resource, option b
Pasture A Pasture B
Cattle in 07 Sheep in 07
Sheep in 08 Cattle in 08
Land Resource, option b
Pasture A Pasture B Pasture C
Cattle in 07Sheep in 07 Hayed 07
Hayed in 08 Cattle in 08 Sheep 08
Sheep in 09 Hayed in 09 Cattle 09
Safe pastures
No sheep or goats from either
July 1 to December 31
or
January 1 to June 30
Alternative approaches
Cat thyme Sericea Lespedeza Copper wire bolus Fungus DE
Research Design
Ewes:
0, .5, 1 and 2 g
Lambs:
0, .5, .75, 1.0 g
Results FEC
Ewes: Day 7FEC increased in ewes to >2000 epg
for 0 and .5 gram doseFEC decreased in ewes to <1000epg
for 2 g dose
Note: 2 g ewes went up to >1500epg on day 35
Results PCV
Ewes: from day 0 to day 21
all groups went down slightly
4 ewes had to be treated with PCV below 18
None were in the 2 gram group
Results AST
Lambs: no indication of copper problems
Ewes: no indication of copper problems
Base diet is pasture and TM salt
Applications
Extreme care2 gram dose is like feeding 25 PPM copper for 50 days
Documented resistance
Use serum AST with 2 g COWP in 5 ewes or less as first step
Summary
Drugs (anthelminics) are not the solution
Develop whole farm strategy Be creative Work with your Veterinarian
Questions