Multinational ForceMultinational ForceStanding Operating ProceduresStanding Operating Procedures

11 January 2010

MNF SOP (Version 2.5) MNF SOP (Version 2.5) Overview BriefOverview Brief

UNCLASSIFIED

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•SOP required to improve multinational crisis response capabilities by MPAT nations–Not prescriptive, binding or directive–Will be left “unsigned” intentionally–Serves as a “guide” (start point)–A multinational document

•Thirteen (13) dedicated MNF SOP Development Workshops have been conducted so far

MNF SOP Background

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•Increase multinational force (MNF):–Speed of Initial Response–Interoperability–Overall Mission Effectiveness–Unity of Effort

MNF SOP Purpose

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MNF SOP supports the MPAT Program

•Multinational Program•Improve Multinational Military Operations

Military

CivilGovernment

Int’lHumanitarians

UnityOf

Effort

UnityOf

Effort

Building Partnerships Building Capacity

• Major Conflict (War)• Large scale offensive & defensive combat operations

Combat may occur

• Counterinsurgency• Protection of Shipping • Counterdrug Ops • Counterterrorism• Disarmament, Demobilization & Reintegration• Anti-Piracy• Consequence Management

MOOTW

Combat will occur • Small Scale Contingency• Peace Enforcement • Combating Terrorism

Range of Military Operations

NoncombatDegree of Conflict

Combat

Sim

ple

Com

ple

xit

y o

f O

pera

tion

sD

ifficu

lt

Combat unlikely, but possible• Peacekeeping Ops• Noncombatant Evacuation Operations• Antiterrorism • Show of Force• Disaster Relief• Humanitarian Assistance• Freedom of Navigation• Domestic Support • Personnel Recovery Ops• CBRN-TIM

MOOTW (Mil Ops Other Than War)

MNF SOP - Operational FocusMNF SOP - Operational Focus

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MNF SOP FocusLevels of Planning and Operations

•Strategic –development & employment of national / multinational level resources; national interests at stake

•Operational – the “link” between strategic objectives / policy and tactical / field operations, via strategies, campaigns, and major operations

•Tactical – Employment of forces at the “execution (field) level” to execute approved military courses of action (COAs)

MNF SOP Focus – Campaigns / Major Ops

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•Operational Start Points–Predetermined “start points” prior to a crisis will improve CTF speed of initial response / effectiveness

•Clear Understanding & Communications–It is critical to “agree” or “agree to disagree” based upon a common set of terms & processes

•Common Planning Process–CTF planning structure must provide for an “integrated and managed process” for the development & execution of plans

The Foundation for Unity of Effort

MNF SOPKey Principles

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MNF SOPStrategic Guidance

•Effective mission accomplishment requires clear & legitimate strategic guidance from high headquarters

•Sources of Guidance:–Regional Organizations – based on alliance / treaty

–Coalitions – based on coordinated response by nations for ad-hoc operations

–UN Resolutions – authorized by UN mandate

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1. Purpose of the multinational operation2. Mission statement for the MNF Task Force3. Strategic end state and military end state for the MNF

Task Force4. Strategic objectives and broad tasks for the MNF Task

Force with guidance for termination or transition5. Participating nations and expected initial contributions6. Designated lead nation and supporting guidance7. Common security interests8. Multinational communication strategy9. Specific diplomatic, economic, informational,

sociocultural, and national guidance, limitations, concerns, or sensitivities

MNF SOPEssential Strategic Guidance

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MNF SOPMultinational Operational Start

Points

1. Lead Nation Concept2. Common Command Relationships

& / or Common Control-Coordination Concepts

3. Standardized CTF HQ Organization4. CTF Planning Process - Common

Planning & Decision-Making Process5. Clear Understanding & Clarity of

Terminology

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Multinational Operational Start Points

Start Point 1 – Lead Nation Concept

•Lead Nation Concept:–Designated by UN or participating nations–Responsible for strategic consultation / coordination for the MNF

Among nations Within the UN System With IHC

–“Single channel” for strategic direction to MNF forces based on agreement with participating nations

–Supports Unity of Effort

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Multinational Operational Start Points

Start Point 2 – C2

•Common Command Relationships & / or Control-Coordination Concepts–Chains of Command – two chains always exist:Each Nation has a “NATIONAL” Chain of Command

There is one MNF “MULTINATIONAL” Chain of Command

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•MNF Chain of Command (Lead Nation Concept):

Consultation /Coordination

MNF / CTFOPCON / TACON

National ChainOf Command

Lead NationNational Authority

Supported StrategicCommander

CTF ParticipatingForces

CTF ParticipatingForces

CTF ParticipatingForces

ParticipatingNation Authority

Supporting StrategicCommander

National CommandElement

ParticipatingNation Authority

Supporting StrategicCommander

National CommandElement

CommanderCTF (CCTF)

Nat

ion

al C

hai

n o

f C

om

man

d

Mu

ltin

atio

nal

Ch

ain

of

Co

mm

and

Multinational Operational Start Points

Start Point 2 – C2

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Multinational Operational Start Points

Start Point 3 – CTF HQ Organization

•Standardized CTF Headquarters Organization (functions required)–National Command Element for each participating nation

–Operational Staff (C1 through C7)–Personal Staff (Legal, Public Affairs, etc.)–Multinational Forces Coordination–Civil-Military Coordination–Logistics Coordination–Media Support (International and National)–CTF Planning Process (current & future ops, and plans)

Legend: MNCC = Multinational Coordination Center

CMOC = Civil-Military Operations Center

Rel - MNF = Releasable to Multinational Force

= = Command = Liaison & Coordination

Multinational Operational Start Points Start Point 3 - CTF HQ Template

-

Coalition / Combined Logistics Coordination Center (CLCC) (Classification = Secret – Rel MNF)

CTF Planning Process (C5 Plans, C3 FOPS, and C3 COPS)

Special Access

Programs

Multinational and CTF Media Support Staffs(Coalition / Combined Pools) (Classification = Unclass)

Commander Commander Coalition / Combined Coalition / Combined Task Force (CCTF)Task Force (CCTF)

National National Command Command Elements Elements

(NCE)(NCE)

C1 ADMIN

C2 INTEL

C3 OPS

C4 LOG

C5 PLANS

C6 COMM

C7 CIV-MIL

DCCTF

COS Special Staff

CMOC for Coordination

with UN, ICRC, IOs,

NGOs, Host Nation

(Classification = Unclass)

MNCC (Classification =

Secret – Rel MNF)

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Multinational Operational Start Points

Start Point 4 – CTF Planning

•Overarching Framework:–Strategic, Operational & Tactical Level Planning Responsibilities

•Three Major Components:–CTF Planning Organization - operational level process of plans & orders development

–CTF Crisis Action Planning (CAP) - major strategic – operational planning interaction during a crisis

–CTF Detailed Planning Process - detailed planning process within the CTF HQ for developing OPLANs/ OPORDs

Start Point 4: CTF Planning Organizations

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Command GroupPrioritize CTF Planning Efforts and Provide Direction / Guidance

Command GroupPrioritize CTF Planning Efforts and Provide Direction / Guidance

0 to 4 Days

Issues OPORDS, FRAGO,WARNO,

Monitors, Assesses, Directs & ControlsExecution of Plans.

•Branch plans with triggers•Cmdr’s Estimate for

Branches•Order Adjustment

(WARNO, FRAGO)•Recommend Refined

CCIR, ROE

•Branch plans with triggers•Cmdr’s Estimate for

Branches / Finalizes OPORDs•Order Adjustment

(WARNO, FRAGO)•Recommend Refined

CCIR, ROE

• Situational Awareness (SA) /COP / Monitor Plan Execution

• Briefings / Cmdr’s SITREP• SITREP/ Near Term FRAGO• Message Draft & Release• Track Actions / Suspenses

5 to 14 Days

Refines, Adjusts & Modifies

OPORDs-OPLANs(Based upon Current

Situation)

C3 Future Operations

“ FOPS “

C3 Current Operations

“ COPS “

CPG: 14 Daysbeyond

Next PhaseTransition,

or Termination

Initial OPLAN / OPORD& Campaign Plan

Follow-on Phase - Plans

“What’s Next”

C5 Plans“ PLANS “

CollaborationTools

CTF Battle StaffCTF Battle Staff

Hand - Off”of Plan

CAP Products

Hand-Off”of Plan

CAP Products

C3

• Initial Cmdr’s guidance / Cmdr’sEstimate

• OPORD-OPLANS / Campaign Plan• Sequel plans for future phases

–Concept of operations–Draft Cmdr’s Intent

• Wargaming • Pol-Mil Issues

• Initial Cmdr’s guidance / Cmdr’sEstimate

• -OPLANS / OPORDS - Campaign Plan• Sequel plans for future phases

–Concept of operations–Draft Cmdr’s Intent

• Wargaming • Pol-Mil Issues

Hand OffOf Plan

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•Crisis Action Planning (CAP) ProcessLead Nation National & Supported Strategic Commander LevelLead Nation National & Supported Strategic Commander Level

ISituation

Development

ISituation

Development

VIExecution

VIExecution

CTF LevelCTF Level

Deployment Employment Transition Redeployment

Planning Execution

VExecutionPlanning

VExecutionPlanning

CTF should be activatedAt the earliest possibletime based upon situational factors.

FORM CTF HQ

Augmentation

CTF is activated “not later than” beginning of Phase III via the Warning Order (earlier is desired)

CTF is activated “not later than” beginning of Phase III via the Warning Order (earlier is desired)

Commander’s Estimate

IVCOA

Selection

IVCOA

Selection

IIICOA

Development

IIICOA

Development

IICrisis

Assessment

IICrisis

Assessment

CAP = Crisis Action PlanningCOA = Course of Action

Multinational Operational Start Points

Start Point 4 – CAP

ONGOINGCENTRAL PROCESS

1. Commander’s Appreciation

Operational Intel Prep of the Environment (OIPE)

Framing the Problem

2. Operational Design

# 7 – PLAN / ORDER DEVELOPMENT

# 3 – COA DEVELOPMENT

# 2 – MISSION ANALYSIS

# 8 – EXECUTION, ASSESSMENT, AND

FOLLOW-ON ADAPTATION

(BRANCH / SEQUELS)

# 1 – INITIATION & SCOPING

(Initiates the Central Process Below)

# 6 – COA APPROVAL AND COMMANDER’S

ESTIMATE

# 4 – COA ANALYSIS AND

GAMING

# 5 – COA COMPARISON

Multinational Operational Multinational Operational Start PointsStart Points

Start Point 4 Start Point 4 CTF Detailed PlanningCTF Detailed Planning

Military Decision Making Military Decision Making Process - Multinational Process - Multinational

(MDMP-M)(MDMP-M)

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Multinational Operational Start Points

Start Point 5 - Terminology

•Clear Understanding & Clarity of Terminology–Required to improve multinational interoperability

–Multinational Glossary addresses terms and abbreviations

–MPAT events used to continually update the MNF SOP terms

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Summary

•MNF SOP is the basic building block for Multinational Contingency Crisis Response:

– Serves as “Guide” with Operational Start Points – not prescriptive, binding or directive.

– Focused at the Multinational Operational Level (CTF HQ)– Multinational Program

•Improves:– Speed of Response– Interoperability– Mission Effectiveness– Unity of Effort

•Internet Reference:– www.mpat.org– www.mnfsop.org

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Questions?Questions?

Enhancing Multinational Enhancing Multinational OperationsOperations

UNCLASSIFIED