Digital EnergyMultilin

Multilin™ Intelligent Line Monitoring System“Cost effective end-to-end solution delivering actionable intelligence through advanced analytics”

Armando Portalanza – Genesys – PowerTech MgrEduardo Iglesias – GE EM DE GA LA – Sales ManagerJorge Quiroz – GE EM DE GA LA – Technical SolutionsEdvaldo Mendonça – GE EM DE GA LA – Technical Solutions

• Why monitor Overhead Networks? What are the benefits?

• Overview of the System

• Software Applications

• X-NET Software

• T-NET Software

• Monitoring Software

• The Equipment & Installation

• Q&A

Content

• Little visibility between substations and end customers

• Most network problems (faults) occur on overhead network

• AMI and Substation data only provides visibility of end points

• Distributed intelligence across the MV network provides more visibility & opportunity for improving efficiency and reliability

• Need to optimize use of assets in Medium voltage network

• Enable the Network to Manage Distributed Generation

Utility ChallengesWhy Monitor Overhead Networks?

• Regulatory pressure to reduce outage time on distribution networkIncreasing penalties for every minute of outage on utility networks.

Reduce SAIDI & CAIDI

• Need to reduced truck roll time and dispatches for false notificationsHigh cost of repair crews require while locating cause of outages

Reduce CAIDI and repair crew costs

• Capacity restrictions on Sub-transmission due to increase in Distributed Generation

Capacity bottle necks requiring CAPEX spending to increase delivery capacity

Reduce CAPEX spending

• Detect locations causing non-technical losses on MV circuit Incurring non-technical losses in MV network due to the lack of visibility to narrow down problem locations

Reduce cost of generation not able to bill for

• Focus maintenance activity Identify ‘real’ problem areas of the network and target these sections for preventive maintenance

Reduce cost of maintenance and correct problems before they turn into outages

Utility ChallengesReliability & Efficiency challenges on OH Networks

• Sensors, Communications, Analytics, Visualization

• Analysis of accurate, time coherent data

• Server based Solution (Web accessible for pilots)

• Actionable commands improving Reliability &

Efficiency

• Directs field crews to the location of faults

• Targets where to next perform Maintenance

• Advises on how much additional load throughput can be safely delivered through the conductors

Intelligent Line Monitoring SolutionWhat is it?

“End-to-End Solution with Advanced Analytics for Improved Reliability and Efficiency”

Key DifferentiatorsIntelligent Line Monitoring SolutionActionable Analytics Improving Reliability and Efficiency

Fault Location•Automatically identifies fault location•Strategic notification to field crews

Dynamic Line Rating•Determines max safe loading of lines •Determines Sag caused by loading

Maintenance Planning•Identifies lines indicating problems•Prioritizes maintenance requirements

Advanced data collection and processing for delivering tangible customer benefits:

X-NET Software Application• Fault Location• Fault Signature as RMS values on a cycle by cycle basis• Fault Activity ‘Look Back’ Facility• Load Profiling

• T-NET Software Application• Dynamic Line Rating Calculation• Sag Calculator• Ice Load Warning (RIME)• Weather Data Monitoring• Load Profiling

Solution OverviewSensor, Gateway, Communications, Operator Interface, Workforce Optimization

Multilin™ Intelligent Line Monitoring Solution System Architecture

This installation constitutes one “Node” on the network

Line Sensors

•Measures critical parameters of the overhead lines and stores in it’s own buffer.

Analytical Applications

•Fault location and Maintenance planning (X-NET)

•Dynamic Line Rating Calculation and Analysis Software (T-NET)

Sensor Network Gateway

•Collects Sensor Data and provides Backhaul Communications

GPS Satellite provides timing reference

X-NETFault Location & Analysis System

Key Differentiators

Fault Location:

The X-NET System reports the fault location, as the section of Network between the last Node that has seen the fault, and the first node on that feeder that has not seen the fault.

The X-Net system detects and captures:

• Earth Faults (In high and low impedance grounding treatments)

• Short Circuits

• Dropped phases

• Cross Country faults (High impedance grounding)

X-NET ApplicationFault Location and Immediate Crew Dispatch

Distribute d Currents

Time synched data is collected, aligned and analysed to determine the nature and location of the fault

Key Differentiators

In high impedance grounding treatments the real part of the fault current needs to be extracted to determine fault location. The X-Net Software uses the open delta voltage, measured by an SNG fitted at the substation, and synchs this with the fault current measurements captured by the Line Sensors.

Sequence:

• The sub-station SNG captures Change in ODV and sends it’s data back to the server with a time stamp. (20 cycles)

• The server polls all line sensors for their current data at the time of the event. (20 Cycles)

• The Server aligns the ODV data with the current data at each node, and determines the location of the fault.

X-NET ApplicationFault Location on High Impedance Grounding Treatments

Distributed Currents

Substation Open Delta voltage

Time synched data is collected, aligned and analysed to determine the nature and location

of the fault

Remote Notifications and Access

•Field crews notified through Email or SMS message enabling rapid mobilizing of repair teams.

•Messaging directs remote teams to the Fault Location

•Distinguishes between faults & transient events and only notifies of outages >1 minute in length (user configurable)

•Remote web devices allows field operators to analyse the data captured during fault

• Laptop computer

• I PAD

• Smart PhoneEmail Notification Management

•Cell numbers and email addresses are managed and set up in the System Console

•Roster schedules can be updated by the administrator and new contacts added and removed

X-NET ApplicationFault Notifications

Grounding Treatments•Detects faults on both high & low impedance grounding

•Uses wide area time synchronization to deliver time aligned fault data.

Local Synchronization: •Sensor sampling on each phase are time synchronized

•Synchronization achieves local phase relationship, determines sequence currents and enriches the data.

Wide Area Synchronization: •All sensors can trigger network wide fault uploads

•X-NET software will analyze fault reports from Sensors

•Wide area analysis is performed for delivering the location of fault.

X-NET ApplicationSynchronization - key benefits

Key Differentiators

Maintenance Prioritization:

• Directs crews to where maintenance is needed

• De-prioritize sections of lines not showing indication of problems

• Guide Maintenance work required by the type of faults occurring.

Repetitive transient faults indicative of:

• Need of tree trimming

• Salt buildup

• Aging equipment

X-NET ApplicationPrioritization of Overhead Line Maintenance

About ESB Networks

•Distribution arm of ESB Ireland

•Serving 2.2 million customers

•A mixture of Hi-Z and Low-Z grounding treatments

Fault Location System Experience

•Installed X-NET system in 2009 to monitor 10 circuits (60 Sensors)

•Email and SMS messages sent directly to field crews at the respective locations

•Over 100 events captured and every notification was found to be an actual event

•Awarded contract to expand rollout of GE solution in 2013 installing over 1800 sensor locations

•Integration of X-Net software into ESB’s DMS systems underway.

X-NET Customer ApplicationESB Networks, Ireland

T-NETDynamic Line Rating System

“Improving line capacity”

Key DifferentiatorsT-NET ApplicationMaximizing Line Capacity

• Identifies ‘real time’ current carrying capability at each node.

• Identifies maximum capacity before line sag causes safety issues

• Provides operators with visualization of additional line carrying capability & ground clearance

Ensures Safety Tolerances are Maintained

• Distributed Generation

• Tighter control of Capex

• Asset utilization/optimization

Drivers for increasing Line Capacity

SAG at 200 AmpsSAG at 600 Amps

Heig

ht

Key DifferentiatorsT-NET ApplicationMethodology for Rating Overhead Lines

Static Line Rating Methodology•Traditional method for determining circuit capacity ratings

•Calculation based on characteristics of conductor, line design and determined at time of installation.

•Do not take real time conditions in determining capacity limits

•Tend to underestimate capacity thus not delivering full value of installed assets

Dynamic Line Rating Methodology

•Utilizes Real-Time information to augment line sag calculations to maximize usage of available capacity

•Real time information used can include:

• Local weather conditions

• Line loading conditions

• Conductor Temperature

Static Rating Calculations

Dynamically Rated Line

Distributed Weather and Substation load Data Approach:

•Uses static information (conductor size) and real time measurements to estimate max loading that will not create unsafe Sag of lines

•Utilizes weather and load information to estimate conductor temp.

Distributed Load and Conductor Temperature Approach:

•Directly measures the temperature and load of the conductor

•Uses measurement in multiple locations to find capacity bottlenecks

Hybrid Approach: (Used by GE Line Monitoring System)

•Uses a combination of distributed weather, load, and conductor temperature data

•Uses the Hybrid approach to provide operators with critical information to maximize the capacity of their assets

•Delivers a low cost solution that optimizes capacity, and delivers a conductor clearance safeguard

T-NET ApplicationDynamic Line Rating – Technical Approaches

Key DifferentiatorsT-NET ApplicationMaximizing Efficiency & Throughput

• Incorporates cooling and heating effects due to topology and terrain

• Provides operators with visualization of additional line current carrying capability & the impact on sag & safety

• Suitable for networks up to 140kV

Identifies & Quantifies Capacity bottlenecks

Topography and line orientation have a significant impact on the current carrying capacity of each segment

of the line

Display of Real-time rating of line•Location on the line with capacity bottleneck •Current line loading•Maximum capacity at bottleneck location•Additional current capacity that the line can support

T-NET ApplicationOperator Interfaces Enabling Optimum Utilization

Line Sag Calculations•Calculates line sag at each measured location•Additional sag measured due to heating conditions

• Loading• Weather conditions• Terrain Effects

•Clearance of Line to ground

• The T-NET Software calculates the real time rating using the Cigre Model

• Based on data reports at ≥ 1 minute intervals from each of the deployed nodes on the circuit

• The Operator interface displays three values; the present load, rating, and available spare capacity.

Values analyzed in Rating Algorithms:

• Maximum conductor temperature

• Temperature coefficient of resistance

• Conductor type

• Ambient temperature

• Speed and angle of attack of the wind

• Diameter of conductor and Outer Wire

• DC Resistance at 20°C

• Solar Radiation

• AC resistance

• Latitude and Elevation above sea level 

• When network changes are made, utilities can modify the settings on a node by node basis.

T-NET ApplicationDynamic Line Rating Algorithms

T-NET ApplicationOperator Interfaces

Tracking of local Weather Conditions•Identifies local climate conditions affecting operation or safety of the lines

•Historical reference for predicting how weather conditions will affect line operating parameters (predict future line load capability)

Ice Load Warnings (RIME)•Location on lines with greatest potential for Icing

•Enables the mobilizing of crews for potential conductor clearance and damage

About Scottish Power

•70,000 km of underground cables

•46,000 km of overhead lines

•Over 30 fully operational wind farms

Dynamic Line rating System Experience

•Capacity bottleneck between large wind farm and sub-transmission network

•Planned to add 2 new sub-transmission lines to support wind farm expansion

•Installed T-Net system and monitored during summer period (peak capacity period)

•Identified that static rating of sub-transmission lines did not account for actual cooling effects and existing line did not reach temperature defined by static ratings

•line rarely exceeded 32 degrees Celsius

•Reduced number of new subtransmission lines to be build from 2 down to 1

T-NET Customer ApplicationScottish Power, North Wales

About NPG

•Northern Powergrid is an electricity distribution business, delivering electricity to 3.8 million domestic and business customers.

•The network consists of more than 31,000 substations and around 91,000 kilometres of overhead line and underground cables.

Dynamic Line rating System Experience

•Deployed the T-NET System at 4 sites on the 20kV Network.•The objective was to compare dynamic rating v static rating in these 4 diverse sites.•NPGs findings were comprehensive.•Every site showed a large capacity surplus above static rating*:

• Site 1. Scar Brae +27.5%• Site 2. Eglingham +62.1%• Site 3. Whitehouse +37.9%• Site 4. Broxfield +74.1%

• Add what is the impact to NPGs as a result of this

*Figures courtesy of Durham University March-May Data Analysis.

T-NET Customer ApplicationNPG, England

Additional Benefits of GE’s Intelligent

Line Monitoring System

• Provides accurate and valuable network information to multiple utility users:

• Planners• Field Personnel• Network Engineers

• Addition Network Reports available for all monitored lines:

• Historical Individual Phase Current Loading

• Positive and Negative Sequence Currents

• Conductor Temperature *• Wind Speed and Direction**• Ambient Temperature, Solar Radiation

Dew Point **

* Requires Sensors with Temp Probes** Requires Weather Stations

The Value of Network Monitoring

Line Load Monitoring X-NET & T-NET

Planners•The Capacity of the Circuit being monitored can be analysed to capture on critical spans. •These spans can then be targeted for conductor re-enforcement, to achieve overall network capacity uplift

Field Personnel•Local access to individual phase load assists in improving phase selection for new tap offs or repairs, and improves loading balance throughout the network.

Network Engineers•The use of load profiling is very useful as an indicator of consumption changes or patterns, giving an early detection of non technical losses.

Line Load Monitoring Value of Network Monitoring

Graphs display monitored data at each node

Graphs display phase loading and sequence currents at each node

Solution Building Blocks

• Suitable for O/H voltages from 480 V to 140 kV

• Two versions available – max 300A and max 600A

• Conductor temperature monitoring (optional)

• Fits conductors from 10mm to 28mm in diameter

• Can be installed by hot-stick or hot-glove.

• Powered directly by the line

• 48 hour battery backup when current falls below minimum charging levels (10A for 300A version, 30A for 600A Version)

• Synchronized current measurement at 1.6kHz (Magnitude & Angle)

• Short range 2.4Ghz communications to gateway

• 80 minutes or recording of current measurements @ 1.6kHz

System Building Blocks FMC-T6 Line Sensor

• Communications Gateway for linking the Line Sensors and Weather Station with the System Console.

• Supports 2 circuits with up to 6 Sensors

• Can be mounted up to 30M from line sensors

• Wired communication to weather station

• Backhaul communications to System Console over GPRS

• GPS Synchronizes the sensors to within 20 microseconds

• Powered by a 100V/250V AC Supply or by a 30W solar panel (at latitudes of less than 55° N/S).

System Building Blocks SNG – Sensor Network Gateway

• Secure operator interface web application

• Data collection and Data Management

• Application Configuration and System Maintenance

• Accessible through laptops, tablets, and smart phones

• Available as hosted service for Pilot installations

• Two key analytical applications

• X-NET – Fault location and Analysis System

• T-NET – Dynamic Line Rating System

System Building Blocks System Console & Applications

MDS WiYZTM

• Installs in minutes using Hot-Stick or Hot Glove.

• If a Sensor with a conductor temperature probe is being used:

• Thermal compound is used to adhere probe tip to conductor

• Tip of temperature probe is tied to the conductor. (Specified in the user manual)

• Sensors commence operation as soon as they are closed around the conductor

• Sensors indicate they are functioning via a small flashing LED

InstallationFMC-T6 Line Sensor

MDS WiYZTMInstallation

• Mounted within 30 meters of the Line Sensors.

• For Direct Supply power option

• Connect 100V/250V AC to the power terminals

• For Solar Powered Option

• Mount 30W Panel using provided bracket

• Connect to regulator terminals inside SNG

• For ODV Input on High Impedance Grounded Systems

• Connect Substation Open Delta Voltage to terminals inside SNG

• Insert data enabled GPRS SIM card into the SNGs modem

InstallationSNG (Sensor Network Gateway)

MDS WiYZTM

Fault Location

•Denser deployment at head of the feeder, nodes spaced further apart moving down the feeder

•After junction points for detecting path to fault

Dynamic Line Rating

•Placed in locations where the line changes direction

•Where there are sheltering effects from hills or structures

•Recommendation for nodes to be at least every 5 km

GE is able to assist in the deployment strategy and can provide a number of services:

• Network Survey

• Node Deployment Strategy

• Server Hosting

Installation Sensor Location Recommendations

Distribution Substation

MDS WiYZTMInstallationApplication Software ConfigurationSystem Console • Easy-to-use configuration through system

console software

• Divides the Network up into Nodes of sensors

• A node is a set of 3 line Sensors (and Weather Station if installed)

• Nodes are labeled as per utility standards

• Easy to understand network schematic of the Network is automatically generated

• The System Console can sit in a Customers Server within the Customer’s IT Network

• GE provides a hosted Service for pilot installations

System Console develops nodes of sensors into application diagrams used for automated network monitoring

Wrap-up

Q&A