7/29/2019 Multicultural Education Issues and Perspectives Seventh Edition - Chapter 16 Review

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MulticulturalEducationIssuesandPerspectivesSeventhEdition

JamesA.BanksandCherryA.McGeeBanks

Chapter16Review:SchoolReformandStudentLearning:AMulticulturalPerspective

1) Whatdoestheauthormeanbyculturallyresponsiveeducation?Whydoesshethinkitisimportant?Accordingtotheauthor,isculturallyresponsiveeducationsufficienttoguaranteeacademicsuccessfor

studentsofcolorandlow-income?Whyorwhynot?

Theotherofthischapterdefinesculturallyresponsiveeducationasaneducationthatisbasedon

studentsidentitiesandbackgroundknowledge,experiences,etc.asmeaningfulsourcesoftheir

education.Accordingtothisauthor,thiskindofapproachisimportantbecauseithelpseducators

understandwhystudentsfromnon-majoritygroupsdonotperformaswell.Thisauthordoesntthink

culturallyresponsiveeducationisenoughtoguaranteethatstudentswilllearn.Theauthorstatesthat

itofferslittlehopeforstudentsiftakenasculturalsensitivityandalsositesthesuccessthesekindsof

studentshavehadinCatholicschool(whichdonotoftenhaveculturallyresponsiveeducation).

2)

Whatdoesitmeantosaythatmulticulturaleducationtakesplacewithinasociopoliticalcontext?Whatsocial,political,andeconomicfactorsmustbeconsideredwhenmulticulturalfactorshelp

multiculturalschoolreformtobemoreeffective?

Bysayingmulticulturaleducationtakesplacewithinasociopoliticalcontext,itissayingthatallthings

educationsareinfluencedbybroadersocialpolicies.Itneedstobeunderstoodthatrace,socialclass,

gender,andotherdifferencesallplayapart.Thingsliketracking,testing,languageusedinstruction,

retention,curriculumreform,andpedagogywithinaschoolareallinfluenced.

3) Whatfiveconditionsdoestheauthorbelieveareneededtoimprovestudentsacademicachievement?

Thefiveconditionsareasfollows,foundonpage439:

1. Schoolreformshouldbeantiracistandanti-biased2. Schoolreformshouldreflectandunderstandingandacceptanceofallstudentsashavingtalents

andstrengthsthatcanenhancetheireducation.

3. Schoolreformshouldbeconsideredwithintheparametersofcriticalpedagogy.4. Thepeoplemustintimatelyconnectedwithteachingandlearning(teachers,parents,andstudents

themselves)needtobemeaningfullyinvolvedinschoolreform.

5. Schoolreformneedstobebasedonhighexpectationsandrigorousstandardsforalllearners.

4) Howdoestheauthordistinguishindividualandinstructionalracism?Whydoesshethinkthisdistinctionisimportant?Giveexamplesofeachtypeofracismfromyourpersonalexperiencesandobservations.

Individualracismiswhenonepersondoesntlikeaparticulargroup,andsystematicracismiswhen

people,whoareinpowerininstitutions,allowoppressivepoliciesandpractices.Theauthorthinksits

importanttodifferentiatebetweenthetwokindsofracismsbecauseonceracismisseenasasystem

wideproblem(andnotsimplyapersonaldislike)thatwecanbetterunderstandnegativeand

problematicimpactsineducation.IcantreallysaythatIhavepersonalexperienceswithinstructional

7/29/2019 Multicultural Education Issues and Perspectives Seventh Edition - Chapter 16 Review

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ElizabethWoodFebruary2013

racism,butIhavehadfriendswhoareracistonanindividuallevel.IvehadfriendswhomockAfrican

Americansbycallingtheminappropriatenames.IvealsoheardmanyracialslursdirectedatHispanics

asagroup,notnecessarilyatanindividual.

5) Whatisanantiracistperspective?Whydoestheauthorbelievethatanantiracistperspectiveisessentialfortheimplementationofmulticulturaleducation?Givespecificexamplesofantiracist

teachingandeducationalpracticeswithwhichyouarefamiliar.

Accordingtotheauthor,anantiracistperspectiveiswhenstudentsareallowedandencouragedto

speakaboutracialandotherkindsofbiases.Theauthorthinksitimportanttoallowstudentstospeak

becauseitspowerfultohearwhattheyresaying.Often,whattheyresayingcanthenbeusedintheir

educationtoaddresstheissuesbroughtup.TheonlyantiracistteachingIamfamiliarwitharefrom

thesociologyclassItookincollege.ImustadmitthatIampartoftheteacherswhoexperience

discomfortintheclassroomwhenitsbroughtup,simplybecausenobodyhaseverreallytaughtme

howtodosoinadelicatemanner.

6) Whatiscriticalpedagogy?How,accordingtotheauthor,canitbeusedtoenrichandstrengthenmulticulturaleducation?

Criticalpedagogyisacknowledgingdiversityofallkindsinsteadofsuppressingorsupplantingit(pg.

433).Itencouragescriticalthinking,reflectingandactiontobeskills.Ourstudentsneedtobeableto

dothis,andbeintroducedtovaryingviewpointinordertobecomesuccessfulmemberofour

democraticsociety.Studentsusetheirknowledgeasabase,butthenbuilduponit.