International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development

Kathmandu, Nepal

Applications of Geospatial

Systems and Green Economy

MSR Murthy

MENRIS

Geospatial Systems - Need

• Biodiversity decline (1970 and 2008) – 30 per cent globally

– 60 per cent in the tropics

• Demand on natural resources – Doubled since 1966

• Ecological footprint – Equivalent of 1.5 planet

• Footprint of High-income countries

– Five times greater than LIC.

• Areas of high biodiversity

– Provide important ecosystem services

– 60% population lives

(Living Planet Report, 2012)

Issues are spatial in nature and require spatial tools and

spatial thinking with time as another dimension

Snows rivers

Meteorology

Floods

cyclone Meteorology

Regional air pollution/

Submergence

Oil slicks Local

Air pollution

Pollution -

Sinks/sources, Land

conversion

Ground water

pollution

Land

Conversion

(eg.mining)

O3 hole

global warming

Nutrient cycles

River migration

Days Months Years Decades

10

102

103

104

105

Spatial and Temporal Scales – Earth Processes

Convergence of Geospatial

Technologies and Innovations

Geospatial Solutions

Cloud computing

Internet

Remote sensing / Database

GIS / 3D Visualization

Social Media &

Crowd Sourcing

Mobile Devices

Breaking the traditional

barriers – organization,

professional domain

and geographic borders

Redefining how we work

and share information

from local to global

scales

Building communities

and networks on

common issues

New opportunities for

collaboration

Locate Identify

Assess

Linkage Manage

Monitor

Geospatial Systems – Green Economy

WHAT IS REMOTE SENSING ?

OBTAINING INFORMATION ABOUT AN OBJECT/SURFACE WITHOUT ACTUALLY BEING

IN CONTACT WITH IT.

WHAT CAN WE DO WITH THE INFORMATION?

PERIODIC MONITORING AND MANAGEMENT OF EARTH’S NATURAL RESOURCES

DEVELOPMENTAL PLANNING

DISASTER MAPPING AND ASSESSMENT

ENVIRONMENT STUDIES

HOW IS THIS DONE?

DATA RECEPTION FROM REMOTE SENSING

SATELLITES

PRE-PROCESSING AND CORRECTION OF DATA

ANALYSIS AND INTREPRETATION OF THIS

DATA TO DERIVE USEFUL INFORMATION

An Eye in the SKY

AWiFS

Multi-resolution satellite datasets for

deriving information across the scales

LISSIII QB-MS

QB-MS ZOOM

Shown are the series of images using various

sensors in multispectral and panchromatic modes

QB-MS – Multispectral

data of Quickbird satellite 4M

24M

56M

b

QB-PAN

N

a

a

b

PANCHROMATIC

data for the

same window at

60 cm resolution

~ 1 : 5000

Multi-resolution satellite datasets for

deriving information across the scales

Very high resolution imaging

for vegetation systems

December 2003 January 2004 February 2004 March 2004 April 2004

Temporal Variations of NDVI – Crop

IKONOS PAN AND MS FUSED DATA SHOWING PLANTATION CROPS IN PARTS OF INDIA.

OILPALM CASHEW

Rice

CASHEW

Rice

COCONUT

Facilitates assessment of Horticultural crops at cadastral levels

GIS enables

• Prepare data in a domain with

geographic coordinates

• Relate, model and analyse data

of multiple information

• Produce maps of different

information

• Linkage and port data into

Internet Web GIS

Geographic Information System

IRS 1C PAN +LISS III merged satellite image of 6th November 2001

PROPOSED HYDRO-POWER SITE - Duimukh, Arunachal Pradesh

High Resolution Satellite Data for Initial Environment Assessment

Agriculture

Settlements

Medium

Dense Forest

High

Dense Forest

HYDRO POWER SITE

EVALUATION

• Physical &

environmental Setting

of Hydro-power Site

• FRL Submergence Area

Analysis

• EIA Studies

• Infrastructural Planning

• Rehabilitation &

Relocation Studies

• Inputs for Ranking &

PFR Studies

Devpl. projects

Forest

Decadal Trends in snow depletion

Average snow

cover area of

Bhutan(2002-2010)

: 9030 sq.km, 2.55

% of land area

SCA trend for

Bhutan for the

period was found

to decrease (- 3.27

%)

Inter annual snow cover trends

in Bhutan using MODIS data

Wildlife Corridor Assessment

Brahamaputra Salwin Landscape

Forest fire

Population density

Climate variability

Settlement to forest dist.

Land cover change

Patch forest

Perforated forest

Core forest

Forest Change

proneness map in

20x20 Km grid

Forest Change Proneness

Assessment - Methodology

Forest change proneness area

in HKH

2002 GeoEye-1 (0.5m Spatial Resolution) 2009 GeoEye-1 (0.5m Spatial Resolution)

Pragati , Janapragati and NibuwaterCommunity Forest

Pragati , Janapragati and NibuwaterCommunity Forest

11 July 2012 27 July 2012

12 August 2012 28 August 2012

Monitoring ongoing Rice Crop

in Koshi Basin of Nepal Normal (stable)

Better than normal

Worst than normal

ANOMALY (Z Score)

Anomaly against 10 years average

Impact assessment Seti Floods

Monitoring – from space

Crowdsourcing

Crowdsourcing is the act of outsourcing tasks, traditionally

performed by an employee or contractor, to an undefined,

large group of people or community (a “crowd”), through an

open call.

The Great Himalayan Trail

3D Models - Visualisation

P3DM at Bumthang, Bhutan

web

. . . Leveraging Geospatial Knowledge

Maps Models

GeoData

Sets

Peer-to-Peer GIS

Metadata

Data Models

. . . GIS on the web

will provide many

additional

possibilities

• Authoring

• Publishing

• Sharing

• Integrating

. . . Making Virtual Collaborations Possible

Integrated Distributed GIS Resources

– Field Explorations

Geospatial technology

Application in Green Economy Sectors

S.NO Parameter Proven Potential

1 Forest Management 75%

2 Agriculture Management 75%

3 Water Management 75%

4 Urban and Green building 60%

5 Bioenergy 50%

6 Solar Manufacturing 25%

7 Wind Power 25%

8 Solid waste and recycling 10%

Green Economy

A Complex Web

Green Economy – Green Jobs

(UNEP,2012)

Global Foot Print Analysis

Youth Revolution Youth Revolution

60% World

Youth

200 M

60% World

Youth

200 M

Fertile

tropical

low carbon

economies

Fertile

tropical

low carbon

economies

60%

Geospatial

Applications

60%

Geospatial

Applications

3 M

Mobile

systems

3 M

Mobile

systems

Asia Pacific Region

Fertile Challenge

Youth the bricks of future Asia Pacific region thanks for kind attention

Geospatial Applications

• Forest carbon assessment and monitoring

• Target species monitoring

• Define wildlife areas or corridors for Conservation

• Efficient farming practices planning and monitoring

• Surface water modeling - Availability

• Urban planning applications - Optimal land use planning

• Best locations for renewable energy sites(Solar or wind)

• Best routing to reduce pollution or energy consumption.

• Dust and Cloud detection

• Eco tourism planning