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 ENGLISH First Year Diploma Semester - I

PREFACE

Printed at: Repro India Ltd., Mumbai

TEID : 922

Written as per the revised ‘G’ Scheme syllabus prescribed by the Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education (MSBTE) w.e.f. academic year 2012-2013

First Edition: June 2015

Salient Features

• Precise content with complete coverage of revised G-scheme syllabus.

• Includes solved Textual and MSBTE Questions (Summer 12 – Summer 15).

• Separate ‘Exercise Section’ and ‘Practice Section’ included to facilitate better preparation.

• Includes MSBTE Question Papers of Summer-14, Winter-14 and Summer-15.

• Three Model Question Papers as per the latest paper pattern.

• Simple and Lucid language.

• Self Evaluative in nature.

PREFACE

Target’s “English (F.Y.Dip.Sem.-1)” is compiled with an aim of shaping engineering minds of students while catering to their needs. It is a complete and thorough book designed as per the new revised G-scheme of MSBTE curriculum effective from June 2012. The unit-wise classified format of this book helps the students in easy comprehension. Precise content for each topic with detailed explanation in the form of numerous examples and tables, help the students comprehend the basic concepts in a better way. The book also includes MSBTE Questions (from 2012 till date) with solutions. Furthermore, a separate Exercise Section that includes solved questions and a Practice Section will facilitate better preparation for the students. Additionally, the grammar section includes Glossary for difficult words and terms. Three Model Question Papers designed as per MSBTE Pattern are a unique tool to enable self assessment for the students. MSBTE Question Papers of Summer-14, Winter-14 and Summer-15 are added at the end to make students familiar with the examination pattern. The journey to create a complete book is strewn with triumphs, failures and near misses. If you think we’ve nearly missed something or want to applaud us for our triumphs, we’d love to hear from you. Please write to us on : mail@targetpublications.org A book affects eternity; one can never tell where its influence stops.

Best of luck to all the aspirants! From, Publisher

SYLLABUS

Topic and Contents Hours Marks PART I - Application of Grammar Specific Objectives:

12 24

Apply grammatical rules to form correct sentences. Contents: Articles: Appropriate use of definite and indefinite Articles Prepositions: To use correct Prepositions as per context Conjunctions: Co-ordinating and sub-ordinating Conjunctions Tenses: Correct usages of past, present and future tenses Active and Passive voice: Use of Active and Passive voice

Direct and Indirect sentences: Conversion of direct into indirect sentence and vice versa

PART II - Text Specific objectives:

20 32

Answer the questions based on the articles State the meanings of the given words from the articles

Contents: Articles PART III - Paragraph Writing Specific objectives:

06 16

Write a paragraph on a given topic Contents:

Paragraph Writing: Elaborate and expand the ideas with cohesion, coherence and use of correct punctuation marks

Types of Paragraph: Narrative, Descriptive, Technical, Comparison and Contrast Dialogue Writing: Based on various situations

Speech Writing based on situations: Welcome Speech, Farewell Speech, Vote of Thanks and Introducing a Guest

PART IV - Comprehension Specific objectives:

04 12 Comprehend and provide the answers on given passages Contents:

Comprehension of Passage: Comprehending questions and writing the answers on unseen passages

PART V - Vocabulary Building Specific objectives:

06 16 Use correct words in given situations Contents: Words Often Confused Collocation Prefix and Suffix Synonyms and Antonyms

TOTAL 48 100

Contents

Chapter No. Topic Page No.

Unit - I: Application of Grammar 1

Basic Grammar 2

1 Articles 5

2 Prepositions 11

3 Conjunctions 18

4 Tenses 25

5 Active and Passive voice 33

6 Direct and Indirect sentences 40

Unit - II: Text 50

1 Dare to Dream 51

2 Say No to Plastic Bags 54

3 Roses of Gratitude 56

4 Simple Corrections for a Healthy Lifestyle 58

5 Interview of Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam 60

6 Capacitive Touch Screen Technology 62

7 Malathi Holla: The History Maker 64

8 Maximum Achievements 66

Unit - III: Paragraph Writing 68

1 Paragraph Writing 69

2 Dialogue Writing 79

3 Speech Writing 92

Unit - IV: Comprehension 102

1 Comprehension of Passage 103

Unit - V: Vocabulary Building 118

Introduction to Vocabulary 119

1 Words Often Confused 120

2 Collocation 133

3 Prefix and Suffix 146

4 Synonyms and Antonyms 154

Model Question Papers

Model Question Paper I 161

Model Question Paper II 164

Model Question Paper III 166

MSBTE Question Papers

Question Paper – Summer 2014 170

Question Paper – Winter 2014 173

Question Paper – Summer 2015 176

Note: All the Textual questions and exercise are represented by * mark.

Basic Physics (F.Y.Dip.Sem.-1) MSBTEUnit I: Application of Grammar

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Publications Pvt. Ltd. Target

Application of GrammarUNIT I

Chapter - 1 Articles

Chapter - 2 Prepositions

Chapter - 3 Conjunctions

Chapter - 4 Tenses

Chapter - 5 Active and Passive voice

Chapter - 6 Direct and Indirect sentences

Basic Grammar

Basic Physics (F.Y.Dip.Sem.-1) MSBTEEnglish (F.Y.Dip.Sem.-1) MSBTE

2

Publications Pvt. Ltd. Target Sentence It is a group of words that gives complete meaning. No sentence is complete without a verb. E.g. i. I today to market. ii. I went to the market today. The group of words make no sense The group of words gives complete meaning. 1. Sentences can be classified according to the meaning of the sentence. There are four types of

sentences. 2. Sentences can be classified according to the structure of the sentence. There are three types:

Basic Grammar 

Types of Sentences

Assertive/Declarative Interrogative Imperative

These sentence makestatements (positiveor negative).

These sentencesask questions.

These sentencesshows strongemotions.

These sentences denote -giving commands, orders,requesting, praying, etc.

Exclamatory

Classification of sentences

According to meaning of sentences According to structure of sentence

Assertive Interrogative Imperative Exclamatory Compound Complex Simple

Sentence can be classified as per the structure of the sentence

Complex Sentence

CompoundSentence

Simple Sentence

It has only one subject, one predicate and one finite verb. E.g. The girl with beautiful hair is my sister. In the sentence, Subject is ‘The girl with beautiful hair’, Predicate is ‘is

my sister’ and Finite verb is ‘is’.

It has two simple sentences with a co-ordinator. E.g. He played well and he won the trophy. In the sentence, two simple sentences ‘He played well’ and ‘he won the

trophy’ are joined by the co-ordinator ‘and’.

It has one main clause and one or more than one subordinate clauses which are joined by a subordinating conjunction. E.g. They rested when evening came. ‘They rested’ and ‘when evening came’, each has a subject and a predicate and

are hence clauses. ‘They rested’ makes complete sense and is therefore the main clause. ‘When evening came’ makes sense but not complete sense. It is dependent on – ‘they rested’. Hence, the clause is dependent or subordinate clause.

Basic Physics (F.Y.Dip.Sem.-1) MSBTEBasic Grammar

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Publications Pvt. Ltd. Target Parts of Sentences Parts of sentences are the ways in which sentences can be broken down. 1. Sentences can be broken down as Subject and Predicate. i. Subject: Something or someone you are talking about. Subject always has a noun or a

pronoun i.e., an object. ii. Predicate: Part of a sentence which tells us what the subject does or is. Predicate always

has a verb. E.g. Amit is a good boy. ‘Amit’ is someone you are talking about. Hence, he is the SUBJECT. ‘is a good boy’ is talking more about the subject ‘Amit’. Hence, is the PREDICATE. 2. Sentences can be broken down as Parts of Speech: i. Noun: naming word. Names of people, place, animal, thing. Types: Proper particular names of people, places, etc. E.g. Delhi, Amit, etc. Common names used commonly E.g. cat, dog, man, pencil, etc. Collective denotes group E.g. herd of sheep, band of musicians, etc. Abstract denotes state (poverty), quality (kindness), action (laughter) Material denotes name of basic material E.g. chain of gold. ii. Pronoun: word used instead of a noun. Types: Personal I, me, we, us, you, he, she, it, him, her, they, them Possessive mine, ours, yours, hers, his, its, theirs Reflexive myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, itself,

themselves Emphatic all words with ‘self’ when used to emphasize Demonstrative this, that, these, those, such Indefinite some, few, etc. Distributive each, either, neither Interrogative who, whose, whom, what, which Relative who, which, that iii. Adjective: describing word - describes nouns and pronouns. Types: Quality quality of the noun/pronoun. E.g. dark, sweet, etc. Quantity weights, uncountable nouns. E.g. some rice, 1 kg. wheat Number numerals (one banana) and cardinals (first, second, etc.) with

countable nouns. Demonstrative this, that, these, those, such Interrogative what, which, whose iv. Verb: doing word Types: Transitive that which has an object. E.g. He plays with a ball. (Ball - object)

Parts of sentences

Subject and Predicate Parts of speech Phrases and clauses

Basic Physics (F.Y.Dip.Sem.-1) MSBTEEnglish (F.Y.Dip.Sem.-1) MSBTE

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Publications Pvt. Ltd. Target Intransitive that which does not have an object. E.g. He plays well. (no object) Finite verb that changes according to tense (base verb, -ing verb, -ed

verb), gender (I go, he goes, etc.) Non-finite verb that does not change according to tense, gender. E.g. i. I went to swim. He goes to swim. In both the sentences, tenses ‘went’, ‘go’ changes but the non finite verb ‘to

swim’ does not change. ii. I went swimming. He goes swimming. In both the sentences, tenses ‘went’, ‘go’ changes but the non finite verb

‘swimming’ does not change. v. Adverb: tells more about verb, adjective . Tells when, at what place, in what manner,

why, an action takes place. Types: Time at night, during, etc. (Question to be asked ‘When?’) Place inside, outside, etc. (Question to be asked ‘Where?’) Manner like, as, perfectly, slowly, etc. (Question to be asked ‘How?’) Reason because, so, etc. (Question to be asked ‘Why?’) vi. Preposition: position words and linking words. E.g. at, since, within, etc. vii. Conjunction: joining words - join two words, phrases, clauses or sentences. E.g. than, as soon as, but etc. viii. Interjection: words denoting strong emotions. Interjection are followed with

exclamatory mark. E.g. Hurray, Wow, Alas etc. ix. Articles: There are three articles A, AN and THE. 3. Sentences can be broken down as phrases and clauses: i. Phrases: They are a group of words that are part of a sentence. They give some meaning

but not the complete meaning. They do not have a verb. E.g. In the East shows something in east direction. of gold shows something made of gold. ii. Clauses: They are a group of words that are a part of a sentence. They have one subject,

one predicate and one finite verb. E.g. He has a chain which is made of gold. In the sentence, Subject - which Predicate - is made of gold Finite verb - is