Brandeis University

Fall 2014

HS 210a1 Coexistence and Conflict – Theories and Analysis

Prof. Mari Fitzduff

Class Time: Wednesday 2.00 – 4.50 p.m. Location: TBCOffice Hours: Thursday 2.00 – 4.50 p.m. or by appointment.

Contact information for Prof. Fitzduff: Email: Fitzduff@brandeis.edu Office 243 Heller.Contact Information for TA:

Course Description

This course addresses the current and emerging context of intercommunal and global conflict around the world, and the existing and developing approaches to the emergence and resolution of such conflicts.

Objectives for participants:

To increase their understanding of the current and emerging causes of ethnic, religious, cultural, and political patterns of division throughout the world, and the surfacing of tension, conflict and violence within and between many societies, and at global level.

To familiarize them with a variety of case study tools which will enable them to undertake analyses of differing contexts and their needs for coexistence work. This will be inclusive of all stages from e.g. emerging tensions in societies and at global level and the prevention, mitigation and resolution of violent conflicts, as well as post-violence and post settlement necessities.

To ensure that they become familiar with existing and emerging theoretical and practical approaches to coexistence that address and resolve the problems of diversity, conflict prevention, conflict management, its resolution, and transformation.

To assist them in their understanding of the ‘new’ wars that characterize the world today where issues of identity, ethnicity, race, religion and culture are seminal to the conflicts.

To assist their understanding of political, religious or cultural fundamentalism, its relation to conflict, and strategies to address it.

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To ensure that they understand the stages through which genocides develop, and the ways in which it can be prevented.

To increase their understanding of the importance of governance in the prevention, management and resolution of conflict, and how it can be utilized in creating fair and shared societies that are critical in preventing violence.

To examine the role of gender in assisting peacebuilding, and the challenges associated with such work.

To introduce them to an understanding and utilization of various Theories of Societal Peacebuilding Change, and Theories of Organizational Change that are relevant to Coexistence work.

To familiarize them with emerging issues in the field.

Course Requirements

Attendance, Punctuality, and Active ParticipationYou are required to attend every class and lab, barring documented illness. Please also arrive on time at the beginning of class and after the break. If you know you will be absent or late, for a legitimate reason, make sure you warn in advance your instructor and teaching assistant, who cannot accept unexcused absences. Should you miss more than two classes, you will not qualify for credit.

Attendance is more than just coming to class. You are expected to actively participate. Students enjoy complete academic freedom in the classroom, within the limits defined by the standards of mutual respect.

Assignments and Readings In order to ensure active participation in the best possible conditions, make sure you undertake all of the readings that are required in advance of each class. It is highly recommended that students annotate personal copies of, or make notes from the readings.

Please check on website before each class to see if extra readings have been added – or substituted. Students will be called upon to discuss the readings in class and to participate in group and individual presentations. They must therefore come to class prepared to allow well-informed discussions. Students enjoy complete academic freedom in the classroom, within the limits defined by mutual respect.

Writing RequirementsThe writing requirements listed below are intended to encourage students to approach reading materials critically, to foster improved research and writing skills, and to serve as a basis for contributing to class discussion and a diversity of opinions. Students are expected

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to devote careful attention to the technical quality of their written work, as well as its substance. They must be honest in all academic work.(See: http://www.brandeis.edu/studentaffairs/srcs/ai/top10students.html)

All written work for this course must include appropriate citation of the sources used. See section 56c (“Avoid Plagiarism”) of the Concise English Handbook. See http://www.brandeis.edu/studentaffairs/sdc/ai/index.html: ‘Truth even unto its

Innermost Part’ and in particular the section dealing with citations. http://brandeis.libguides.com/content.php?pid=10580&sid=99216

The university policy on academic honesty is distributed annually, as section 5 of the Rights and Responsibilities handbook. Academic integrity is critical in all that you write and say, and transgressions are treated severely. Instances of alleged dishonesty will be forwarded to the Office of Campus Life for possible referral to the Student Judicial System. Potential sanctions include failure in the course and suspension from the university. If you have any questions about this, please ask.

Individual Written and Group Assignments

All written assignments must be typewritten, double-spaced in 12-point font (this syllabus is in 10-point), and submitted electronically via email to Fitzduff@brandeis.edu as a Microsoft Word attachment (if you are not using Word, you may format your file in Rich Text Format [RTF]). They will be returned via email with comments embedded in the text.

1. Two short essays (approximately 3 pages) will be required in response to the following questions:

a) What changes in the world do you see as having contributed/contributing to cultural, ethnic, religious, political and social conflicts in the world today? Name at least six. Due: Monday 29th September

b) Peace is not always perceived to be in everyone’s interest. Discuss at least 6 examples of people/institutions in conflicts in the world today whose interests would appear to be served by conflict and war. Due: Monday October 27th

2. Case Study. For your second assignment you will write up a case study (circa 5-6 pages) of a particular country, or region, outlining the coexistence/conflict problems, both structural and psychocultural in the area. You may use any of the analysis frameworks that you will be learning about in class. No interventions need be suggested. This case study should not be the same as your group analysis study.

These case studies will be due Monday November 24th

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3. Group Analysis. A list of on-going conflicts will be offered to students for their choice of group analysis. Each case study group will work on a group presentation, involving all participants, to be made to the rest of the class starting in session 6. (Dates of presentations will be chosen by lottery) Groups are encouraged to use Power Point in their presentations, and to be as creative as possible in offering their group analysis. Groups are required, 3 days in advance of their presentation, to identify a particularly good journal article, web source, or article or book chapter for members of the class to read in preparation for their presentation.

4. End of Term paper. Each student will prepare an end-of-term paper which will be an extensive case study of an existing coexistence problem. This case study should not be one you have studied for your group presentation, or for Assignment 2. You will choose one of the case analysis framework that you have learned about in class, and will explain why you have chosen that particular framework. You will relate your analysis to any of the readings that have been assigned to the class, using at least 10 such references. You may also add additional references from other readings that you believe to be of interest. This paper should not exceed 20 pages in length.

Final paper due Monday December 15th

If you are a student with a documented disability on record at Brandeis University and wish to have a reasonable accommodation made for you in this class, please see Prof. Fitzduff about this.

Evaluation

Students will be evaluated on the basis of the two assigned essays (15 % each), the Case study (20%), the end of term paper (40%), and the presentation (10%). The presentation is intended to give students experience presenting in front of peers, fielding questions, and leading the resulting discussion.

SUGGESTED CORE TEXTS

Generally, the books below are all available by mail from Amazon or other mail order bookshops, and this is often the easiest and cheapest way to buy them. You can get many of these ‘remaindered’ from Amazon, and these are cheaper than buying new. However, do be sure to get the most up to date version as noted below. Feel free to use our department address to pre-order these books, and we will take care of them for you when they arrive. Some of the texts, as noted, are available in their totality on the web.   There are also several copies of each of these texts available in the Heller student library.

Levinger, Matthew (2013) Conflict Analysis, Understanding Causes, Unlocking Solutions, United States Institute of Peace.

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Fitzduff, Mari and Jean, Isabella. Peace Education: State of the Field and Lessons learned from Grant making. USIP (2011) http://www.usip.org/sites/default/files/PW74.pdf

Miall, H., O. Ramsbotham & T. Woodhouse.  Contemporary Conflict Resolution. 3rd edition 2011 Blackwell Publishing

Kaldor, M. (2006). New and old wars: Organized violence in a global era. http://books.google.co.uk/books/about/New_Old_Wars.html?id=XVgVstFi0XUC

Fisher, S., Ludin, J., & Williams, S., eds. (2000). Working with conflict: Skills and strategies for action. New York: Zed Books. (Make sure to get the paperback)

SCHEDULE OF CLASSES AND READINGS

Latte = Readings available on Latte. To access Latte go to www.brandeis.edu/latte/ and sign in using your email and password.

Please remember to recheck your readings each week before you start your preparation as these may have been changed to take account of e.g. emerging knowledge, or changed conflict situations.

CLASS 1 WEDNESDAY September 3rd 2.00 p.m. – 4.50 p.m.

WELCOME AND INTRODUCTION TO THE COURSE

Participant Introductions Syllabus Introduction Definition of coexistence goals Nature of the discipline and ‘Conflict’ versus ‘Peace’ Approaches Core Competencies of the Masters program Criteria for essay grading

CLASS 1 READINGS:

Class 1 Readings may be read AFTER CLASS 1, and BEFORE CLASS 2 if you have not had time to sign up to LATTE - LATTE is your on-line source to your readings.

Note: Required readings are compulsory for all students, and will be necessary for class discussion.

Suggested Readings cover the topics in the class in more depth – useful for those of you who want to follow up an issue. They are available on the web, on latte, or in the Library.

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Required Readings:

Fitzduff, M. 2006. Core competencies for graduate programs in coexistence and conflict work – can we agree? Published by Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars. Available at: http://www.wilsoncenter.org/sites/default/files/LeadershipNotes_1.pdf

DFID (UK Department for International Development): Technical Competencies required for work on or in conflict areas https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/214219/technical-competencies-conflict.pdf (Copies of this will be available in Class 1 for all students)

Graduate Education and Professional Practice in International Peace and Conflict (2010) http://www.usip.org/publications/graduate-education-and-professional-practice-in-international-peace-and-conflict

Alliance for Conflict transformation. (2005) Skills, Networks and Knowledge: developing a career in International Peace and Conflict resolution. http://api.ning.com/files/37XpWCWc3b5PQoMoIJgj3adR6n8VAKgctDxihXgFWaQ=

CLASS 2 WEDNESDAY SEPTEMBER 10th 2.00-4.50 p.m.

CONFLICT 2014 AND BEYOND

Resources in the field. Trends in Conflicts The challenges posed by CERPS conflicts. CERPS (cultural, ethnic, religious, political

and social) within society and at regional and global levels. Vocabularies and prevailing values around diversity, coexistence and conflict.

(Note Students to have looked (briefly!) at the following web sites before Class 2 as these are core sites for your work at Brandeis, and as a professional working in the field)

Primarily Research sites: International Crisis Group http://www.icg.org (Sign up for their email newsletter – REQUIRED) Human Security center http://www.humansecurityreport.info

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Stockholm International Peace Research Institute http://www.sipri.orgBeyond Intractability http://www.beyondintractability.org (Good for many topic introductions) The Inventory of Conflict and the Environment, American University: http://www1.american.edu/TED/ice/ice.htmCDA Reflecting on Peace: http://www.cdacollaborative.org/programs/reflecting-on-peace-practice/Conciliation Resources: ACCORD publications http://www.c-r.org/our-work/accord/index.php and http://www.c-r.org/language-sitesThe Learning Portal for Design, Monitoring & Evaluation (DM&E) for Peacebuilding http://dmeforpeace.org/

Government /Intergovernmental sites:

World Bank Reconstruction and Development Center on Conflict, Security and Development (CCSD)

http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/PROJECTS/STRATEGIES/EXTLICUS/0,,contentMDK:22979282~menuPK:8150332~pagePK:64171531~piPK:64171507~theSitePK:511778,00.html

USAID (United States Agency for International Development) Bureau for Democracy, Conflict and Humanitarian Assistancehttp://www.usaid.gov/who-we-are/organization/bureaus/bureau-democracy-conflict-and-humanitarian-assistance

United States Institute for Peace http://www.usip.org/

United Nations sites:

UNDPA Department for Democratic and Political Affairs http://www.un.org/Depts/dpa/UNDP United Nations Development program http://www.undp.org/cpr/Peacebuilding Portal http://www.un.org/esa/peacebuilding/peace_building_portal_presentation.pdfUN Peacebuilding Commission. http://www.un.org/peace/peacebuilding/

INGO/NGO sites:

International Alert http://www.international-alert.org/ACCORD South Africa http://www.accord.org.za/WANEP West African Network for Peacebuilding: http://www.wanep.org/wanep/Women in Security Conflict and Management and Peace http://www.wiscomp.org/Institute for Inclusive Security. http://www.huntalternatives.org/pages/7_the_initiative_for_inclusive_security.cfmInsight into conflict http://www.insightonconflict.org

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Peace Brigades International http://www.peacebrigades.orgThe European Peacebuilding Liaison Office http://www.eplo.org/ Conciliation Resources http://www.c-r.org3P Human Security http://3dsecurity.org/

Center for Humanitarian Dialogue http://www.hdcentre.org/IPCRI (Israeli Palestinian Center for Research and Information) http://www.ipcri.org (If you are particularly interested in the Palestinian/Israeli conflict, sign up for their email newsletter) Global Peacebuilders Site http://www.globalpeacebuilders.org/en.htmlGPPAC Global partnership for the Prevention of Armed Conflict. http://www.gppac.net/en_GBSearch For Common Ground: http://www.sfcg.org/Peace Direct http://www.peacedirect.org/Crisis Management initiative http://www.cmi.fi/Initiative for Peacebuilding http://www.initiativeforpeacebuilding.eu/

ESSENTIAL NETWORKS:

(ALL students MUST sign up to join the below organizations as members, as they contain valuable information about recent publications, jobs, etc which are only sent to members.)

Peace and Collaborative Development Network http://www.internationalpeaceandconflict.org/

Alliance for Peacebuilding http://www.allianceforpeacebuilding.org/

Also of interest: (PON (Program on negotiation at Harvard) http://www.pon.harvard.edu/ (All COEX and SIDCO MA students are automatically a member of PON)

NEWS SOURCES:

You are encouraged to develop the habit of regularly looking at news sources to enrich your understanding of conflict situations. The following are suggestions – add as you wish. Remember that most sources suffer from bias, so read a variety of them. Hard copies of the New York Times are available free for students at Brandeis.

New York Times http://www.nytimes.com/pages/world/index.html (World section)Guardian http://www.guardian.co.uk/world (World section)BBC http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world/ (World Section) Al Jazeera English http://english.aljazeera.net/

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Al-Monitor : The Pulse of the Middle East: http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/en/sites/almonitor/home.htmlCNN http://www.cnn.com/WORLD/

Also – read local papers for contextual information e.g. Haaretz http://www.haaretz.com/ and Jerusalem Post http://www.jpost.com/for Israel

Required Reading for Class 2:

Alerta 2014 overview of conflicts around the world: http://escolapau.uab.cat/alert2014/Executive-Summary.pdf

Kaldor, M. (2006). New and old wars: Organized violence in a global era. Chapters 2 and 4. (LATTE)

Mousavian, Seyed Hossein  (2014) Collapse of the Arab world necessitates a regional solutionhttp://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2014/07/collapse-arab-world.html#ixzz399dUPpR7

Levinger, Matthew (2013) Conflict Analysis. USIP. Chapter 2: Causes of Conflict and Peace. (Latte)

Suggested readings:

Fragile States Index 2014. http://ffp.statesindex.org/

Alsaeid,Najat Fawzy The War of Ideologies in the Arab World 2013. www.islamicpluralism.org/2199/the-war-of-ideologies-in-the-arab-world

Mamouri, Ali: (2014) Why Islamic state has no sympathy for Hamas. http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2014/07/islamic-state-fighting-hamas-priority-before-israel.html

Rameez Aboobacker : (2012) The Question Of Pluralism In The Post War Context Sri Lanka http://www.colombotelegraph.com/index.php/the-question-of-pluralism-in-the-post-war-context-sri-lanka/

CLASS 3 WEDNESDAY SEPTEMBER 17TH 2.00-4.50 p.m.

HISTORY OF THE FIELD OF COEXISTENCE/CONFLICT RESOLUTION/PEACEBUILDING. (1948-2014)

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And INTRODUCTION TO CONFLICT ANALYSIS

Development of concepts and terminology in the field. Historic debates in the field. Introduction to Conflict Analysis Choice of Group Analysis Countries.

Required Reading:

History:

Fitzduff M. (2006) Ending wars: Developments, Theories and Practice. In Fitzduff, M. and Stout C. (Eds.), Pg. ix-xi The Psychology of Resolving Global Conflicts. Vol 1 Praeger Press (Latte)

Fitzduff, M, and Jean, Isabella: (2011) USIP September Peace Education: State of the Field and Lessons Learned from USIP Grantmaking www. usip .org/files/resources/PW74.pdf

Conflict Analysis:

International Alert: 2004. Chapter 2 in 2 Conflict-sensitive approaches to development, humanitarian assistance and peace building: http://www.saferworld.org.uk/downloads/pubdocs/chapter_2__266.pdf

Making Sense of Turbulent Contexts (MSTC): Analysis Tools for Humanitarian Actors: Stephen Jackson with Siobhan Calthrop http://www.conflictsensitivity.org/node/85

Levinger, Matthew (2013) Conflict Analysis. USIP. Chapter 6: Conflict mapping and Systems mapping. (Latte)

Suggested Readings:

Peacebuilding 2.0: Mapping the Boundaries of an Expanding Field (2012) http://www.allianceforpeacebuilding.org/site/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/AfP-Mapping-Report_online_FINAL.pdf

S/CAR: (2013) Peacebuildings Parents: http://scar.gmu.edu/parents

GSDRC: http://www.gsdrc.org/go/conflict/chapter-1-understanding-violent-conflict/conflict-analysis-framework-and-tools

MacGinty, Roger: 2008 Indigenous Peace-making versus the Liberal Peace http://cac.sagepub.com/content/43/2/139.abstract (Latte)

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A case for and against funding USIP (2011) http://igbarb19.wordpress.com/2011/03/26/1914/

CLASS 4 WEDNESDAY September 24th 2.00-4.50 p.m.

CONFLICT ANALYSIS continued.

STRUCTURAL APPROACHES:

Required Readings:

OECD: (2102) A NEW DEAL for engagement in fragile states http://www.newdeal4peace.org/new-deal-snapshot/

The World Development Report 2011: Conflict, Security, and Development: Chapter 1. Repeated Violence threatens development. http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTWDRS/Resources/WDR2011_Chapter1.pdf

Shah, Anup 2010. Conflicts in Africa—Introductionhttp://www.globalissues.org/article/84/conflicts-in-africa-introduction

Østby, Gudrun: (2008) : Polarization, Horizontal Inequalities and Violent Civil Conflict (Read Abstract) http://jpr.sagepub.com/content/45/2/143.abstract (Latte)

Suggested Readings:

Kaldor, M. (2006). Chapter 5.. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press. Kaldor, M. (2006). New and old wars: Organized violence in a global era. (Latte)

Ballentine, K. & Nitzshke, H. (2003, October). Beyond greed or grievance: Policy lessons from studies in the political economy of armed conflict. IPA Policy Report. International Peace Academy. 24 pages. Online document: http://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/6765C3D3477FE91C8525742400689BD7-IPA_ArmedCoflict_Oct03.pdf

Lilah, Fearnely and Chiwandamira, Lyn 2006 Understanding Armed Conflict and Peace Building in Africa http://www.idasa.org.za/gbOutputFiles.asp?WriteContent=Y&RID=1547

The World Development Report 2011: Conflict, Security, and Development New Directions for International Support. http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTWDRS/Resources/WDR2011_Chapter9.pdf

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CLASS 5 WEDNESDAY OCTOBER 1st 2.00-4.50 p.m.

PSYCHOCULTURAL APPROACHES

Conflict analysis continued Psychocultural approaches

Required Reading:

Wilson, Edward. (2012) Tribalism is a Fundamental Human Trait: The Social Conquest of Earth. Liveright publishing. New York  (Latte)

Fitzduff, Mari (2014) DRAFT Section One. Neuroscience for the Peacebuilder. (Latte)

Section 1. Konner, Mel: (2006) Human Nature, Ethnic Violence and War. In Fitzduff ,M: The Psychology of Resolving Global Conflicts. Pg 1-40 Vol 1 Praeger Press.(Latte)

Hedges, C. (2002). Chapter 1: The myth of war. War is a Force that Gives Us Meaning (pp. 19-42). New York: Random House. (Latte)

Rubin, Alissa. 2014 Questions Rebels Use to Tell Sunni From Shiite http://www.nytimes.com/2014/06/25/world/middleeast/questioning-helps-rebels-tell-sunnis-from-shiites.html?ref=world

Suggested Readings:

Lou Kriesberg (2002) http://www.beyondintractability.org/essay/identity_issues/

Smith, David Livingstone Smith: (2007) Human Nature and the Origins of War. Chapter 9 The Face of War) (Latte)

Ross, M.H. (1997). The relevance of culture for the study of political psychology and ethnic conflict. Political Psychology, 18(2), 299-326. (Latte)

Sonia Roccas, Andrey Elster. ‘Group Identities’ : (2012) The Oxford Handbook of Intergroup Conflict Edited by Linda R. Tropp, Chapter 7. Oxford Press Latte

Avruch, Kevin. Peter Black. (1991) Introduction - Culture and Conflict Resolution: Benvenisti's complaint.1991 in Conflict Resolution: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Praeger. ( Latte)

CLASS 6 WEDNESDAY OCTOBER 8th 2.00-4.50 p.m.

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CONFLICT ANALYSIS; META APPROACHES

Multivariate theories. Architectural Approaches Cycle of Conflict Level analysis

Case Study 1.

Required Readings:

Safer world : Open letter to Members of the UN Open Working Group on Sustainable Development Goals: Effective targets to promote sustainable peace (2014) http://www.saferworld.org.uk/resources/view-resource/800-open-letter-to-members-of-the-un-open-working-group-on-sustainable-development-goals-effective-targets-to-promote-sustainable-peace

Zelizar, Craig: Guide to Conflict Mainstreaming (2012) http://www.internationalpeaceandconflict.org/profiles/blogs/guide-to-conflict#.UeUa87skmw4

Fitzduff, Mari. (2013) Introduction: Public Policies for Shared Societies. Palgrave Macmillan New York (Latte)

Levinger, Matthew (2013) Conflict Analysis. USIP. Chapter 9: Conflict Analysis in the planning process (United States Institute of Peace) Fitzduff, Mari. (2004) Meta Conflict Resolution http://www.beyondintractability.org/essay/meta-conflict-resolution

Office of the Coordinator for reconstruction and Stabilization (S/CRS) download from http://edocs.nps.edu/govpubs/statedept/Postcon2005.pdf (No need to read in detail – just glance at what it covers.)

Suggested Readings:

Hopp-Nishanka , Ulrike 2012 Giving Peace an Address? Reflections on the Potential and Challenges of Creating Peace Infrastructures http://www.berghof-handbook.net/documents/publications/dialogue10_hopp_nishanka_lead.pdf

Lederach, J. P. (1998). Chapter 4. Building peace: Sustainable reconciliation in divided societies. Washington, DC: United States Institute of Peace (LATTE)

Franke, VC, Dorf, Roberts Eds: 2012 Conflict Management And “Whole Of Government”:

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Useful Tools For U.S. National Security Strategy? Chapter 1. www.strategicstudiesinstitute.army.mil/pubs/download.cfm?q=1102

3P Human Security – Partners for Peacebuilding Policy http://3phumansecurity.org/site/component/content/article/34-projects/94-what-is-human-security

Ury, W. The third side: Why we fight and how we can stop. New York: Penguin Books, 2000. pg 114-169. (Most of this is available on http://www.thirdside.org/roles.cfm ).

CLASS 7 WEDNESDAY OCTOBER 15th 2.00-4.50 p.m.

CONFLICT PREVENTION

Theories of Conflict Prevention Distinctive Conceptual and analytic Frameworks. Issues and approaches e.g. Democratization and Governance, Diversity Management, Development, Human Rights, Mediation, early warning systems. Plus Case study 2

Required Reading:

Council on Foreign Relations: (2013) The Top Global Hot Spots in 2013http://www.cfr.org/conflict-prevention/preventive-priorities-survey-2013/p29673

Levinger, Matthew (2013) Conflict Analysis. USIP. Chapter 3 Risk Assessment and early warning. (Latte)

Lund, M. (2001). A toolbox for responding to conflicts and building peace. In Reychler, L. & Paffenholz, T. (Eds.) Peace- building: A field guide (pp. 16-20). Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers. (Latte)

McCartney, C. (2002) Comparative review of public policies towards improving inter-community relations (36 pages). Retrieved from INCORE website: http://www.incore.ulst.ac.uk/publications/pdf/CR_paper.pdf

Promoting Peace: the African Union at 50 (2013) http://www.international-alert.org/sites/default/files/publications/AU_2013_PeaceFocus_EN.pdf

Suggested Reading;:

Varshney, A. (2002). Chapter 1: Introduction. Ethnic conflict and civic life: Hindus and Muslims in India (pp. 3-22). New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2002. (Latte)

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Varshney, A. (2002). Chapter 12: Ethnic conflict, the state, and civil society. Ethnic conflict and civic life: Hindus and Muslims in India (pp. 281-300). New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2002. (Latte)

Paffenholz,Thania Civil Society and peacebuilding: CCDP paper 2008 www.humansecuritygateway.info/documents/GRADUATEINSTITUTE_civilsocietyandpeacebuilding.pdf

Muslim Community Actions during the genocide in Rwanda. (2012) In Opting Out of War: Strategies to Prevent Violent Conflict In Press Lynn Reinner. (Latte)

Website of Global Partnership for the Prevention of Armed Conflict. http://www.gppac.net/

Website for Global Conflict Prevention Pool: http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/+/http://www.dfid.gov.uk/pubs/files/global-conflict-prevention-pool.pdf and http://www.dfid.gov.uk/Documents/publications1/evaluation/ev647afghanistan.pdf

Retreating from the Brink: Theorizing Mass Violence and the Dynamics of Restraint Scott Straus (2012) Perspectives on Politics, Volume 10, Issue 02, June 2012, pp 343-362 doi: 10.1017/S1537592712000709, Published online by Cambridge University Press 25 May 2012 http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=8593747&fulltextType=RA&fileId=S1537592712000709 (Latte)

CLASS 8 WEDNESDAY OCTOBER 22nd 2.00-4.50 p.m. CONFLICT MANAGEMENT

Managing and Limiting Conflict. Processes for community and macro level work. Preventing Genocides

Plus Case study 3

Required Readings:

United Nations: UN report on Peacekeeping. (2012) http://www.un.org/en/peacekeeping/publications/yir/yir2012.pdf

Hadden, Tom, Policing and Shared Societies: in Fitzduff, Mari Ed. (2013) Public policies for Shared Societies. (Latte)

Fitzduff, M. (2002). Chapters 2, 5 & 6. Beyond violence: Conflict resolution processes

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in Northern Ireland. Tokyo: United Nations. (On Latte)

Williams, Paul Peace Operations in Africa : Lessons learned since 2000. (2013) http://africacenter.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/AfricaBriefFinal_25.pdf

Genocide Prevention Task Force: (2008) http://www.ushmm.org/confront-genocide/about/initiatives/genocide-prevention-task-force/genocide-prevention-task-force-view-and-download-the-report

Anderson, Maru and Wallace, Marshall (2011) Chapter 10. Resistance and Protection: Muslim Community Actions during the genocide in Rwanda. In Opting Out of War: Strategies to Prevent Violent Conflict (Latte)

Suggested Readings:

Collin Marks, S. (2001). Chapter 1: The peace accord: Peacemaking in action. Watching the Wind: Conflict Resolution During South Africa’s Transition to Democracy (pp.15-36). Washington, D.C.: United States Institute for Peace Press. (Latte)

Haixai,Qi: (2007) Comparison of the effectiveness of international Conflict mediation Strategies Chinese Journal of International Politics Volume 1 ,   Issue 4 Pp. 589-622 http://cjip.oxfordjournals.org/content/1/4/589.full

Large, Judith and Herrington, Rebecca in Fitzduff, Mari Ed. (2013) Public Policies for Shared Societies. (Latte)

Peck, C. (2001). The role of regional organisations in preventing and resolving conflicts. In Crocker, C., Hampson, F.O., Aall, P. (Eds.) Turbulent Peace (pp. 561-583). Washington, D.C.: United States Institute of Peace Press. (Latte)

Kaldor, M. (2001). Beyond militarism, arms race and arms control. Retrieved from Social Science Research Council website: http://www.ssrc.org/sept11/essays/kaldor.htm.

(Both of the following books are in the library. Have a quick look at both, and choose the one you think you would prefer to read when trying to understand the Rwandan Genocide)

Prunier, G. (1995). The Rwanda crisis. New York: Columbia University Press.

OR

Gourevitch, P. (1998). We wish to inform you that tomorrow we will be killed with our families: Stories from Rwanda. New York: Farrar, Straus, and Giroux.

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CLASS 9 WEDNESDAY OCTOBER 29th 2.00-4.50 p.m.

CONFLICT RESOLUTION

THE DEVELOPMENT OF PEACE PROCESSES AND POLITICAL AGREEMENTS.

Plus Case study 4

Required Readings:

FICAS, VINCE (2014) Yearbook on peace processes http://escolapau.uab.cat/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=654%3Aanuario-de-procesos-de-paz-2014&catid=67%3Aanuarios&Itemid=59&lang=en

Accord (2014) Legitimacy and peace processes: from coercion to consentAccord issue: 25 http://www.c-r.org/accord-project/legitimacy-and-peace-processes#sthash.uzwk3Beo.dpufhttp://www.c-r.org/accord-project/legitimacy-and-peace-processes

Fitzduff, M. (2004) Winning Peace: Lessons Learned. Basque Government, Department of Justice, Employment and Social Security Report. Conference on the Human Right to Peace

Accord: an international review of peace initiatives http://www.c-r.org/our-work/accord/pdfs/downloads.php (You may have to sign in)

Pick any ONE Accord report to read. We will be discussing these in class.

Suggested readings:

Darby J. & Mac Ginty, R. (Eds.). (2000). Conclusion: The management of peace. In The Management of Peace Processes (pp. 228-262). New York: St. Martin's Press. (LATTE)

Centre for Peace and Conflict studies Cambodia (2014) Listening toVoices:Myanmar Foot SoldiersSpeak www.centrepeaceconflictstudies.org

Kroc Institute At Notre Dame: (2012) Peace Accords Matrix http://kroc.nd.edu/research/peace-processes-accords

Stedman, J. (2001). International implementation of peace agreements in Civil wars: Findings from a study of sixteen cases. In Crocker, C., Hampson, F.O., Aall, P. (Eds.) Turbulent Peace (pp. 737-752). Washington, D.C.: United States Institute of Peace Press. (Latte)

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Andreas Mehler (2008) Not Always in the People’s Interest: Power-sharing Arrangements in African Peace Agreementshttp://repec.giga-hamburg.de/pdf/giga_08_wp83_mehler.pdf

The Centre for Humanitarian Dialogue and the Delhi Policy Group (2001) Conflict resolution: Learning lessons from dialogue processes in India http://www.hdcentre.org/uploads/tx_news/31ConflictresolutioninIndi-FINAL260711.pdf

Genocide Watch: http://genocidewatch.net/

CLASS 10 WEDNESDAY NOVEMBER 5TH 2.00-4.50 p.m.

POST SETTLEMENT WORK

Demilitarization , demobilization, reintegration, victims work, TRC’s, Social economic development. Security maintenance, democratization.

Plus Case study 5

Required Readings:

IPI Peacebuilding and Postconflict Recovery: What Works and What Does Not? http://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/Meeting_Note_IEF_Peacebuilding_Postconflict_Recovery_June_2014.pdf

USIP Guiding Principles for Stabilization and Reconstruction: (2009) http://www.usip.org/publications/guiding-principles-stabilization-and-reconstruction SECTION 2.

UN Peacebuilding commission: (2008) Working Group on Lessons LearnedSpecial Session, 2008 SYNTHESIS REPORT AND SUMMARY OF DISCUSSIONS Key Insights, Principles, Good Practices and Emerging Lessons in Peacebuilding http://www.un.org/peace/peacebuilding/Working Group on Lessons Learned/keyInsights/Synthesis Report with 12June08 Meeting Conclusions Final.pdf

Hamber, B. (1998). Chapter 1: The past imperfect: exploring Northern Ireland, South Africa and Guatemala [Electronic Version]. In Hamber, B. (Ed.) Past imperfect: Dealing with the past in Northern Ireland and Societies in Transition (pp. 1-6). Derry/Londonderry, Northern Ireland: INCORE. Retrieved Online: http://www.brandonhamber.com/publications/Chap%201%20-%20SA,%20Guatemala%20&%20NI.pdf

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ISS: (2014) Debates in post-conflict development in Africa: Lessons for development agencieshttp://www.issafrica.org/uploads/Paper251.pdf

Suggested readings:

UNDP: (2010) Capacity Development in Post Conflict Countries ‐http://www.undp.org/content/dam/aplaws/publication/en/publications/capacity-development/capacity-development-in-post-conflict-countries/CD%20in%20post%20conflict%20countries.pdf

Theisson, G. (2004). Supporting Justice, coexistence and reconciliation after armed Conflict: Strategies for dealing with the Past. In A. Austin, M. Fischer, & N. Ropers (Eds.) Transforming ethnopolitical conflict: The Berghof handbook (pp. 421-441).

Tschirgi, Necla: (2004) Post-Conflict Peacebuilding Revisited: Achievements, Limitations, C h a l l e n g e s http://www.ceinicaragua.org/posguerra/library/general/Post_Conflict_Peacebuilfing.pdf

Ball. Nicole. (2001) The challenge of rebuilding war-torn societies. In Crocker, C., Hampson, F.O., Aall, P. (Eds.) Turbulent Peace (pp. 719-736). Washington, D.C.: United States Institute of Peace Press. (Latte)

Rizal Sukma: (2007) Managing Peace in Aceh: The Challenge of Post-Conflict Peace BuildingCentre for Strategic and International Studies, Jakarta, Indonesia http://www.ari.nus.edu.sg/docs%5CAceh-project%5Cfull-papers%5Caceh_fp_rizalsukma.pdf

Rights Review Magazine, Winter 2013 : Rights and Democracy Flounder in Post-conflict Sir Lanka http://simoncapobianco.com/?p=55

UNDP: Governance in Conflict Prevention and Recovery: A Guidance Notehttp://204.200.211.31/Publications/Governance/Gov_Prac_doc/Governance%20in%20Conflict%20Prevention%20and%20Recovery.pdf

Donais , Timothy (2009) Empowerment or Imposition? Dilemmas of Local Ownership in Post-Conflict Peacebuilding Processes . PEACE & CHANGE / January 2009

http://www.engagingconflict.it/ec/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/Donais-Empowerment-of-Impositioni%CC%88%C2%80%C2%A5-Dilemmas-of-local-ownership-in-post-conflict-peacebuilding-processes.pdf

CLASS 11 WEDNESDAY NOVEMBER 12TH 2.00-4.50 p.m.

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SOCIAL CHANGE - RELATED THEORIES OF CHANGE

Social Group and Human Needs Theories.

Theories of change in coexistence work. Normative Re- educative/ Power Coercive/ Environment-Adaptive. The difficulties of societal change. Case Study 6

Required Readings:

Care International/DME : (2014) Guidance for designing, monitoring and evaluating peacebuilding using theories of change. http://www.dmeforpeace.org/learn/guidance-designing-monitoring-and-evaluating-peacebuilding-projects-using-theories-change

Theories Of Change And Indicator Development In Conflict ManagementAnd Mitigation 2011 http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PNADS460.pdf

DAC Network on Conflict, Peace and Development Co-operation and DAC Network on Development Evaluation 2007An Approach to DAC Guidance For Evaluating Conflict Prevention And Peace building Activities (CPPB) Section on Theories of Change in pg 74-81 http://www.adb.org/Documents/Papers/DAC-Guidance/Approach-DAC-Guidance.pdf

Suggested Readings:

Chin, R., and Benne, K. (1961). General strategies for affecting social change. In Bennis, W. G. Benne, K. D., & Chin, R. (Eds.) The planning of change. London: Holt, Rinehart & Winston. (Latte )

Shapiro, I. (2005) Theories of change in conflict interventions. In Fitzduff, M. & Stout, C. Psychological approaches to war, conflict resolution and peace. Praeger Press. (Latte)

Kritsonis, Alicia. Comparison of Change Theories. International Journal of scholarly academic intellectual diversity. Vol 8 No 1. 2004-2005. http://qiroadmap.org/download/Phase%201%20Resources/Kritsonis,%20Alicia%20Comparison%20of%20Change%20Theories.pdf

Grant Craft : Mapping Change using a theory of change to guide planning and evaluation http://grantcraft.org/index.cfm?fuseaction=Page.viewPage&pageID=542&stopRedirect=1 and click mapping

GENDER AND COEXISTENCE WORK

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Plus Case study 7

Fitzduff, Mari, (2010) Women And War In Northern Ireland – A slow growth to power. http://www.wiscomp.org/pp-v3/pdfs/mari.pdf

IREX 2013. Women, Conflict and Peacebuilding: 6 Best Practices http://www.irex.org/news/women-conflict-and-peacebuilding-6-best-practices

Institute for Inclusive Security: Women and Security Sector reform. Sections 1 and 2, http://www.inclusivesecurity.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/WGTSSR-Web.pdf 2011.

Lwambo, Desiree; 2011. Men and Masculinities in Eastern DR Congo. http://www.healafrica.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/men-and-masculinities-in-eastern-dr-congo.pdf

Suggested Readings:

Mazrui,Ali: The Warrior Tradition and the Masculinity of war. Journal of Asian and African studies X11,1-4 1977. http://141.213.232.243/bitstream/handle/2027.42/67053/10.1177_002190967701200105.pdf?sequence=2

WPP Women Peacemakers Program: (2010) Together for Transformation Men, Masculinities and Peacebuildinghttp://www.engagingmen.net/files/resources/2010/Caroline/may-pack-2010_web.pdf,

CLASS 12 WEDNESDAY November 19th 2.00-4.50 p.m.

INDIVIDUAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE IN THE COEXISTENCE FIELD.

Policy and program development, and implementation within institutions, Organizational cultures, Styles of leverage e.g. advocacy versus relationship leverage. Partnerships and network development. Insider versus Outsider Strategies

Required Readings:

World has to change its approach to peacebuilding 5 July, 2010 By Rt. Hon Jack McConnell MSP http://www.parliamentariansforconflictprevention.net/op-ed/world-has-change-its-approach-peacebuilding

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Fitzduff, M. & Church, C. (2004). NGO’s at the table (Chapter 10). Rowman & Littlefield. (Latte)

Ashoka International http://www.ashoka.org/social_entrepreneur 201

Benne, K., & Birnbaum, M. (1961). Principles of changing (organizations). In Bennis, W. G., Benne, K. D., & Chin, R. (Eds.) The planning of change (pp. 328- 335). London: Holt, Rinehart & Winston. (Latte)

Suggested Reading:

Twelve Manage , the Executive Fast Track: Organisations and Change. Methods, Models and Theories. http://www.12manage.com/i_co.html (Look at varieties listed)

Business balls: Change management http://www.businessballs.com/changemanagement.htm

CLASS 13 Wednesday DECEMBER 3rd 2.00-4.50 p.m.

EMERGING ISSUES

Fitzduff, Mari. (2014) Neuroscience for Peacebuilders. DRAFT Latte

Smith, Dan : Resources – the coming crunch and some things that could be done

about it (2013) http://dansmithsblog.com/2013/01/07/resources-the-coming-crunch-and-some-things-that-could-be-done-about-it/ to environment

Life and Peace Institute: (2012) Pilfering the peace: The nexus between corruption and peacebuilding. Chaps 4 and 10. http://www.academia.edu/630689/_Corruption_and_Anti-Corruption_in_Peacebuilding_Toward_a_Unified_Framework_

Van Brabant, Koenraad; (2012) Leadership for Peace An introduction to ‘leadership’ and ‘followership’ INTERPEACE.http://www.interpeace.org/index.php/publications/cat_view/32-peacebuilding-course/34-working-papers?orderby=dmdate_published

Zelizer, Craig: (2013) New Technologies for Conflict Prevention. http://prezi.com/qtblupojndp3/new-technologies-for-conflict-prevention/

Himelfarb, Sheldon: (2012) Social Media and Conflict Preventionhttp://www.usip.org/publications/social-media-and-conflict-prevention

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Security Council Report. (2013) Special Research Report No. 1: Emerging Security

Threats in West Africahttp://www.securitycouncilreport.org/special-research-report/lookup-c-glKWLeMTIsG-b-6740225.php

Guide to Key ICT/Software Resources for Peace and Development Professionals (2013) http://www.internationalpeaceandconflict.org/profiles/blog/show?id=780588%3ABlogPost%3A47265&xgs=1&xg_source=msg_share_post#.UgeGDhZKakA

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