motor oil analysis vs ntz oil quality systems

8/2/2019 Motor Oil Analysis vs Ntz Oil Quality Systems

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NTZ Nederland BV - Radial Micro FiltrationNTZ OIL QUALITY SYSTEM ANALYSIS

NTZ Nederland BV, Haven 30-B 1

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION

2. OIL ANALYSIS AND THEIR EXPLANATION

3. SPECTOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS SYSTEM

4. EXAMPLE OF DIFFERENCE

5. LABORATORIUM REPORTS

3143 BC, Maassluis, NederlandPhone: +31-10-5918700 Fax: +31-10-5911077E-mail: [email protected] Homepage www.ntz-filter.com


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INTRODUCTION

NTZ Nederland BV has developed a system for Oil Analysis which offers her importers thepossibility to assist their clients in obtaining an:

Optimum Oil Management

The NTZ "Oil Quality System" is a combination of the spectographical/chemical analysisand the particle counting system, as used in hydraulic applications.

The result of this combination is an oil analysis which enables the NTZ user to define aneconomical and safe technical oil change interval.

Particle counting is done according the ISO 4406 standard, which is worldwide acceptedas a standard for contamination classes.



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1. OIL ANALYSIS AND THEIR EXPLANATION

Oil analyses are made for various reasons. This chapter will explain some of the mostimportant reasons. Further more various methods are being discussed.

1.1 Reasons for oil analysis

A. To obtain a better opinion of the wear process in a combustion engine.

B. To define the condition of the lubricating oil.

C. To define a safe technical and economical oil change interval

1.2 Methods of oil analysis

The most used system for analysis is the Spectographic Analysis. This spectographicanalysis can be done in various ways, some of the most used are:

1.2.1 UV vis.

In this process only the dissolved metals are measured and compared with the standardsof the oil supplier. The analysis is based on the exchange of the ions coming from themetals. The disadvantage of this system is that the particles first have to be ground beforea proper exchange of ions can be reached.Measurements in PPM.

1.2.2 Fina Check Atomic Emission

In this process particles and the dissolved metals up to 1 microns are measured. By thedilution of the oil and the short stay of the liquid in the plasma flame the large and heavyparticles cannot be burned and are therefore not measured.Measurements in PPM.

1.2.3 NTZ Atomic Emission

By means of measuring in the oil itself. In this process the dissolved metals and particlesof metal are measured up to 25 microns. In high viscosity liquids particles up to 100microns can be measured. By means of this process it is possible to get a better, butespecially a sooner opinion of the wear and the condition of the components, even whenthe contamination level is low.Measurements in 0,01 PPM.



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2. SPECTOGRAPHICAL ANALYSIS SYSTEM

The following explains how a the procedure of a spectographical analysis.

1. Argon gas is ionized in a high frequency generator (splitted up into electric chargedparticles).

2. The sample is being moisturised in secondary Argon gas stream and is injected intothe plasma flame. During this process the chemical elements present in the sample arethermically activated.

3. The radiation, coming from the activated elements, is sent through a system of lensesvia a prism and from there, separated to the frequency of light depending on the sort ofelement, guided to a line of photo electric cells.

4. These photo electric cells turn the light into electric energy. This is done proportionallyto the intensity of the spectral lines of the elements, which is depending on the intensityof the concentration of the elements present in a sample.

In this way one can define anorganic materials like: additives, metal wear particles andmineral contaminants by means of weight volume.

The results of a spectographic analysis are presented in amount of PPM (1 PPM = 1 partper million = 0,0001%), which define the concentration of the various chemical elementsin a sample.



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The limitations of the spectographical analysis are not only the impossibility of defining thequantity and size of the particles, but it is also impossible to detect non-metals likesynthetic materials, fibers, oxidation residues, etc.

Because of the measuring of dissolved metals during this test it is possible that the oil isrejected sooner than necessary, based upon the presence of high metal concentrations

and one could therefore define excessive engine wear, while there is none whatsoever isreality. For example: exchange of copper ions from an oil cooler.

In the field of hydraulics one always applies a separate particle count in combination withthe already mentioned analysis system and one has defined an ISO code, which indicatesthe contamination level of the oil and suggests the range of proper use. (see fig. 2)

TARGETCONTAMINATIONCLASS TOISO 4406

SUGGESTEDMAXIMUMPARTICLE LEVEL

SENSITIVITY TYPE OF SYSTEM TYPICAL COMPONENTS

5 micron 15 micron 5micron

15 micron

13

15

16

18

19

21

9

11

13

14

15

17

4000

16000

32000

130000

250000

1000000

250

1000

4000

8000

16000

64000

Super critical

Critical

Very important

Important

Average

Main protection

Silt sensitive control systems with very highreliability. Laboratory or aerospace

High performance servo and high pressurelong life systems: aircraft, machine tools, etc.

High quality reliable systems. Generalmachine requirements

General machinery & mobile systems.Medium pressure, medium capacity

Low pressure heavy industrial systems orapplications where long life is not critical

Low pressure systems with large clearances

High performanceServo valves

Industrial servo valves

Piston pumps, proportionalvalves compensated flowcontrols

Vane pumps, spool valves

Gear pumps, manual andpoppet valves cylinders

Ram pumps

Fig. 1 Suggested acceptable contamination levels for various hydraulic systems

By means of spectographical analysis in combination with a particle count and visualcontrol of the testing membrane one can usually define if there is real engine wear or if themetals are dissolved.

By means of these combined systems one can obtain a better view of the contaminationlevel of the used oil and because of this come to an

OPTIMUM OIL MANAGEMENT

NTZ, in cooperation with an independent laboratory, made this system of analysis suitablefor lubricating oils in combustion engines.

In practice this resulted in some very surprising reports, of which the enclosed analysesare an example



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Example of difference between:

1. Spectometrical analysis without particle count

2. Spectometrical analysis combined with particle count

A. Oil analysis made by Oilscope in Antwerp, Belgium.

Spectometrically and chemically only little difference is shown between samplesRef. nr. 91.0178/1 and Ref. nr. 91.078/2.

Ref. nr. 91.0178/1 ohne NTZ Ref. nr. 91.078/2 mit NTZPPM PPM

Lead (Pb) 22 19 Aluminium (Al) 1 0Chrome (Cr) 1 1Copper (Cu) 0 0

Iron (Fe) 561 560Silicon (Si) 12 13Tin (Sn) 0 1Molybdenum (Mb) 1 1Natrium (Na) 4 1Phosphor (Ph) 0.03 0.02Barium (Ba) 0.00 0.00Calcium (Ca) 0.01 0.00Zinc (Zn) 0.01 0.01Magnesium (Mg) 0.00 0.00

Viscosity Cst 26.63 26.57Total Acid Number 1.59 1.64Water contamination 0.06% 0.06%

The normal conclusion of these reports would be that both oils are equally contaminated.

However, when a particle count analysis is made, the difference is significant.

Size in micron Ref. nr. 91.0178/1 without NTZ Ref. nr. 91.078/2 with NTZ

5 - 15 855.010 503015 - 25 171.210 56025 - 50 32.630 8050 - 100 1.660 0> - 100 10 0

These figures clearly show the difference between both oils.

Please note the photographs of the test membrane is 80 times enlarged.



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Spectographical and Chemical Analysis without particle counting

Oil analysis done by Oilscope in Antwerpen, Belgium

Lubrication oil before NTZ micro-filtration

Reference 91.0178/1 Sampling date 20-5-92Steel manufacturer Watteeuw, Oostkamp Engine oper. hours 11 Months

Engine number Oil oper. hours 11 Months

Engine brand Hofler Filter oper. hours

Application Cutting machine Oilscope Number 1219

Part Hydraulics

Oil Shell Tellus 32

Volume carter 1000 Liter

Lead Aluminum Chrome Copper Iron Silicon Tin Molybdenum Natrium Fosfor Barium Calcium Zinc Magnesium

ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm % % % % %

22 1 1 0 562 12 0 1 4.0 0.03 0 0.01 0.01 0

Measuring Procedure Measure Result

Viscosity at 40C Houillon Cst 26.63Water contamination DIN 51777 % 0.06T.A.N. D664 mg KOH / g 1.59

Lubrication oil after NTZ micro-filtration

Reference 91.0178/2 Sampling date 20-5-92

Steel manufacturer Watteeuw, Oostkamp Engine oper. hours 11 Months

Engine number Oil oper. Hours 11 MonthsEngine brand Hofler Filter oper. Hours 4,5 Dd .u.


Part Hydraulics

Oil Shell Tellus 32


Lead Aluminum Chrome Copper Iron Silicon Tin Molybdenum Natrium Fosfor Barium Calcium Zinc Magnesium

ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm % % % % %

19 0 1 0 560 13 1 1 1.0 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00

Measuring Procedure Measure Result

Viscosity at 40C Houillon Cst 26.57Water contamination DIN 51777 % 0.06T.A.N. D664 mg KOH / g 1.64



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Analysis with particle count

Oil analyses made by Oilscope in Antwerp, Belgium

Oil before NTZ-filtration


Steel manufacturer Watteeuw, Oostkamp Engine oper. hours 11 MonthsEngine number Oil oper. hours 11 Months

Engine brand Hofler Filter oper. hours


Part Hydraulics

Oil Shell Tellus 32


Particle count

Size Classification according

to NAS 1638

Particles

per100 ml

Micron 00 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

5-15 ****** ****** ****** ****** ****** ****** ****** ****** ****** ****** ****** ****** ****** ***** 855010

15-25 ****** ****** ****** ****** ****** ****** ****** ****** ****** ****** ****** ****** ****** ****** 171210

25-50 ****** ****** ****** ****** ****** ****** ****** ****** ****** ****** ****** ****** ****** ****** 32630

50-100

****** ****** ****** ****** ****** ****** ****** ****** ****** ****** ****** ****** * 1660

>100 ****** ****** ****** ****** ****** ****** ****** ** 10

Oil after NTZ-filtration


Steel manufacturer Watteeuw, Oostkamp Engine oper. hours 11 Months

Engine number Oil oper. Hours 11 Months

Engine brand Hofler Filter oper. Hours 4,5 Dd .u.


Part Hydraulik

Oil Shell Tellus 32


Particle count

Size Classificationaccording toNAS 1638

Particlesper100 ml

Micron 00 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

5-15 ****** ****** ****** ****** ****** ****** ** 5030

15-25 ****** ****** ****** ****** ****** **** 560

25-50 ****** ****** ****** ****** ****** ** 80

50-100

0

>100 0



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MEMBRANE : 0.8 MICRONVOLUME : 100 MLSCALE : 1:80FILTRATION SURFACE : 1250 MM2SAMPLE ID : 1219

DATE : 20/5/92

MEMBRANE : 0.8 MICRONVOLUME : 100 ML

SCALE : 1:80FILTRATION SURFACE : 1250 MM2SAMPLE ID : 1220DATE : 20/5/92



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Oil analysis report nr. 94.658Engine lubrication oilType of engine: Volvo BM

The spectometrical analysis of this oil shows a large amount ppm in copper, while all otherelements are far within specifications as set by Volvo and the oil supplier.

When judgement was only based on this spectrometrical analysis, this oil would have beenchanged.

Now in combination with a particle count it shows that the copper is not present in floatingparticles but in the form of a solution.

The remarks on the analysis report says:The increased concentration of copper is not in accordance with the visual inspection ofthe test filter membrane. It is present in the form of a solution of metals. This is not directlyharmful for the system, but can increase the oxidation process of the oil. The generalcondition of the oil is good. The oil is suitable for further use.

Based on the combined analysis, it was decided to leave the oil in the engine.

Analysis report nr. 94.0708 shows the same engine oil after another 250 working hours.

The amount of ppm in copper shows a light decrease and the other wear metals show alight increase. Particle count also shows a increase and viscosity and the TBN (Total BaseNumber) show there is no increase in the oxidation process.

This clearly proves that a combination of both analysis will give the user a much morereliable report and the possibility for economic oil management.



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LABORATORIUM REPORT

REPORT NUMBER : 94.0658

CLIENT : NTZ NEDERLAND BV

FOR THE ATTENTION OF : Mr. Nieuwland

SAMPLE NUMBER : 1

FILTREX SERVICES



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REPORT NR.: 94.0658 SAMPLE NR. 1

Customer: :NTZ NED BVConsumer : VematMark engine : Volvo BM Type of engine : L 120Type of oil :Myrina TX Volume carter :Sampling place : Date :

PROCEDURE TO ESTIMATE THE NUMBER OF PARTICLES.

Pore size filter disc : 1.2 micronSampled volume : 10 ml (Standard volume = 10 ml)Method of particle count : ISO / MICROSCOPE

PARTICLE COUNTING. PARTICLES IDENTIFICATION.

> 5 MICRON 38190> 15 MICRON 5920

COLOUR TEST FILTER DISC GREY

ISO CLASSIFICATION ACC. 4406 16/13

FILTREX SERVICES

Metal : 90%Fibres : 5%Synthetics : 5%



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SPECTRAL ANALYSIS (ppm)

WEAR ELEMENTS AND SILICON ADDITIVES

Aluminium

Baron

Chromium

Copper

Lead

1.73

422.39

1.43

47.36

6.86

Molybdenum

Nickel

Silicon

Tin

Iron

2.41

1.59

7.15

< 0.10

33.27

Barium

Calcium

Phosphorus

Magnesium

Zink

0.47

5136.59

1271.33

1275.12

1759.70

Weight contamination : 0.0804 gr./ltr.Max. ca. 2.0 gr./ltr.Water contamination : 0.1703 PC (accuracy


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LABORATORIUM REPORT




SAMPLE NUMBER : 1

FILTREX SERVICES



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Customer: :NTZConsumer : VematMark engine : Volvo BM Type of engine :Type of oil :Myrina TX Volume carter :Sampling place : Date :


Pore size filter disc : 1.2 micronSampled volume : 10 ml (Standard volume = 10 ml)Method of particle count : ISO / MICROSCOPE


> 5 MICRON 78610> 15 MICRON 7630

COLOUR TEST FILTER DISC GREY

ISO CLASSIFICATION ACC. 4406 17/13Metal : 90%Fibres : 5%Synthetics : 5%

FILTREX SERVICES




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SPECTRAALANALYSIS (ppm)

WEAR ELEMENTS EN SILICON ADDITIVES

Aluminium

Baron

Chromium

Copper

Lead

2.51

412.62

3.02

43.52

8.91

Molybdenum

Nickel

Silicon

Tin

Iron

3.59

2.78

7.67

< 0.10

39.21

Barium

Calcium

Phosphorus

Magnesium

Zink

0.59

5124.28

1260.21

32,56

1928.27

Weight contamination : 0.0821 gr./ltr.Max. ca. 2.0 gr./ltr.

Water contamination : 0.1204 PC (accuracy


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Example of the analysis of engine lubricating oil

1. Report nr.: 94.0755 sample nr. 1

Sample of fresh/new lubricating oil before use.

2 Report nr.: 94.0755 sample nr. 2

Sample of the same oil after 20.000 kms in use with NTZ Bypass Microfiltration.

Ref. 94.0755/1 Ref. 94.0755/2

Size in micron quantity quantity

> 5 micron 548.896 58.320> 15 micron 69.264 9.160

The total quantity of solid particle contamination is decreased by 89%!

This in comparison with the new lubricating oil.



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LABORATORIUM REPORT




SAMPLE NUMBER : 1

FILTREX SERVICES



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Customer: :Media ServicesConsumer :Mark engine : Type of engine :Type of oil :XHP 20W50 Volume carter :Sampling place : New oil Date :


Pore size filter disc : 1.2 micronSampled volume : 50 ml (Standard volume is 10 ml)Method of particle count : ISO / MICROSCOPE


> 5 MICRON 584896

> 15 MICRON 69264

COLOUR TEST FILTER DISC BROWN

ISO CLASSIFICATION ACC. 4406 20/17

FILTREX SERVICES POSTBUS 4036 1620 HA HOORN

Metal : 70%Fibres : 5%Synthetics : 25%



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Aluminium

Baron

Chromium

Copper

Lead

1.26

6.78

0.14

5.48

< 0.10

Molybdenum

Nickel

Silicon

Tin

Iron

0.12

0.21

19.05

< 0.10

3.77

Barium

Calcium

Phosphorus

Magnesium

Zink

0.18

2509.31

864.73

486.12

1631.65

Weight contamination : 0.0562 gr./ltr.Max. ca. 2.0 gr./ltr.

Water contamination : 0.1974 PC (accuracy


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Customer: :NTZ NED BVConsumer :Mark engine : Type of engine :Type of oil :XHP 20w50 Volume carter :Sampling place : Date :


Pore size filter disc : 1.2 micronSampled volume : 10 ml (Standard volume is 10 ml)Method of particle count : ISO / MICROSCOPE


> 5 MICRON 58320> 15 MICRON 9160

COLOUR TEST FILTER DISC BLACK

ISO CLASSIFICATION ACC. 4406 16/14Metal : 85%Fibres : 5%Synthetics : 10%

FILTREX SERVICES POSTBUS 4036 1620 HA HOORNREPORT NR.: 94.0755 SAMPLE NR. 2



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Aluminium

Baron

Chromium

Copper

Lead

3.82

6.03

0.50

1.99

2.61

Molybdenum

Nickel

Silicon

Tin

Iron

0.49

0.73

16.37

< 0.10

6.69

Barium

Calcium

Phosphorus

Magnesium

Zink

4.42

2306.32

875.25

1023.21

1799.21

Weight contamination : 0.0641 gr./ltr.Max. ca. 2.0 gr./ltr.Water contamination : 0.0912 PC (accuracy

motor oil analysis vs ntz oil quality systems

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