moruri immaculate edel a90/0142/2008 supervisor prof j.k imungi
DESCRIPTION
OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY IN ASSOCIATION WITH PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND EATING HABITS AMONG BUS DRIVERS IN NAIROBI. MORURI IMMACULATE EDEL A90/0142/2008 SUPERVISOR PROF J.K IMUNGI. Statement of the problem. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
MORURI IMMACULATE EDELA90/0142/2008SUPERVISOR
PROF J.K IMUNGI
OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY IN ASSOCIATION WITH PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
AND EATING HABITS AMONG BUS DRIVERS IN
NAIROBI.
Statement of the problem
The prevalence of obesity has been increasing both in developed and developing countries, and more noticeably in urban areas. (Abubakari et al, 2008)
National data on prevalence of adult men in Kenya is lacking.
A documented study on the prevalence of overweight and obesity among adults needs to be done to facilitate proper interventions and management strategies.
Justification
Metropolitan bus drivers are at high risk of being overweight or obese due to reduced physical activity and poor dietary intake.
Structural variables that encourage this obesogenic environment include long work hours and lack of scheduled breaks.
This study thus concerns itself with determining the prevalence of overweight and obesity among bus drivers in association with their dietary intake and physical activity.
Aimto contribute towards improving the health
status among bus drivers.Purposeto contribute to information on the
prevalence of obesity in relation to eating habits, physical activity and nutritional status.
Main objective
to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity in association with physical activity and eating habits among metropolitan bus drivers in Nairobi, Kenya.
Sub-objectives
To determine the physical activity level of the study bus drivers in Nairobi, Kenya.
To assess the eating habits, smoking habits and alcohol intake of the study drivers.
To determine the Body Mass Index of the bus drivers.
To describe the socio-demographic and socio-economic characteristics of the bus drivers .
DESIGN
Sample Size Determination At 95% confidence interval using Fischer
formula (Fischer et al. 1991) N = (Z2 p q) / d2
Where p = 7.7%, q = 92.3%, z= 1.96, d=0.08
N = 43 When 20% attrition is added sample size =
52 bus drivers
Sampling procedure
Bus and commuter companies
100 Citi hoppa bus drivers
200 double M bus drivers
Sample of 14 bus drivers
Sample of 38 bus drivers
METHODOLOGY
Semi-structured questionnaire Demographic and socio-economic
information food frequency questionnaire Physical activity questionnaire Anthropometry measurements
RESULTS
Characteristics Frequency (N=52) % of sample
AGE GROUP (years)23-3031-3839-59
30184
57.734.67.7
MARITAL STATUSSingleMarried (monogamous)Married (polygamous)
23281
44.253.81.9
INCOME<50005000-10000>10000
31930
5.836.557.7
RESULTS cont…
Characteristics Frequency (N=52) % of sample
EDUCATIONUpper primarySecondaryCollegeuniversity
418282
7.734.653.93.9
BMI and frequency of fast food consumption
Weekly frequency of consumption by BMI
FOOD TYPE NON-OVERWEIGHT
OVERWEIGHT AND/OR OBESE
P VALUE
Ugali 5.5 (1.9) 5.9 (1.5) 0.121
Biscuits/cookies 6.9 (3.9) 6.7 (4.3) 0.838
Potato fries 5.6 (3.3) 5.6 (3.5) 0.953
Bhajia 7.0 (3.2) 7.0 (3.3) 0.950
Arrow roots 3.0 (1.2) 1.4 (0.5) 0.003*
Beef 5.2 (2.4) 5.4 (2.2) 0.869
Kebab 7.0 (3.6) 5.9 (3.7) 0.100
Fruits 5.4 (1.7) 3.9 (2.2) 0.008*
Vegetables 6.0 (1.5) 6.0 (1.6) 0.856
margarine 5.9 (3.6) 7.0 (3.5) 0.065
Tea 4.2 (2.7) 6.0 (1.2) 0.392
BMI and alcohol consumption
Distribution of BMI and smoking habits
Distribution of drivers by weight
Physical activity level of the drivers
FACTOR CHI SQUARE P VALUE
Age 0.622
Marital status 0.103
Monthly income 0.059
Alcohol intake 0.027*
Smoking habits 0.025*
Fast food frequency 0.0627
Physical activity 0.034*
Conclusion
Overweight and obesity is highly prevalent among bus drivers in Nairobi with the highest proportion being in the 31-38 years age group.
Lack of physical activity is associated with overweight and/or obesity among bus drivers.
The relationship between alcohol consumption, smoking habits and nutritional status of the drivers is statistically significant.
Recommendations
Nutritious foods be made available to the drivers at their work place.
Provision of nutrition education to the drivers to make them aware of the practices that lead to overweight and obesity so as to enforce nutrition conscious decisions.
Encouragement of physical activity or coming up with simple policy guidelines which should include the health benefits of reducing or breaking up prolonged sitting time.
References
WHO (2000). Obesity: Preventing and Managing the Global Epidemic. Report of WHO Expert Consultation on Obesity. Geneva.
Abubakari AR, Lauder W, Agyemang C, Jones M, Kirk A, Bhopal RS (2008) Prevalence and time trends in obesity among adult West African populations: a meta-analysis. Obesity Reviews. 9:297-311.
Bouchard C. and Shepard RJ. (1994) Physical activity, fitness and health; the model and key concepts 1994: 77-88
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