more precise locations for mobile 999 calls · more precise locations for mobile 999 calls ......

© British Telecommunications plc

2017

More Precise Locations for Mobile 999 Calls

12 December 2017 – Cambridge

Wireless Limited

1


2017

UK Emergency Service

BT Public

Network

Fixed/Mobile

Networks

BT 999 Call Centres

Stage 1 PSAP

BT (6 sites)

~ 28m calls/year

Public

networks (BT

and others)

Police 47%

Ambulance

49%

Fire 4%

Coastguard

<1%

999/112

(139 Local Controls – Stage 2

PSAPs)

999/112 call handling : Voice + Location - Voice : Mobile, Fixed, VoIP

- eSMS for hearing impaired ( also ITUv21 text over voice, real time text using special terminals)

- Telematics in certain vehicles that includes a voice call + separate SMS data message

~65%

Mobile>80

Communication

Providers (CPs)

PSTN-IP

Gateways

VoIP

CPs

EISEC Location

Hub – uses

network and

handset location

Location

VPNHandset locations

via SMS – AML

Network Location –

GMLC for mobiles

Call filtering (~34% not connected, or

connected to Police IVR/Silent Solution)

Rapid answer – PCA 5 of >95%

Assured voice connection to local

EACR (<10 secs)

Automatic Location (<2 secs)


2017

3

Emergency Calls from Mobile Phones

•65% of calls made to Emergency Services in UK from mobile phones

•80%% of Police calls !

•Location information traditionally from mobile cell site only – caller could be located anywhere in

what can be a large area (average 12 sq km)

•Calls from mobiles take on average 30 seconds longer before despatch – however can typically

take 3 minutes of extra questions for stressed/injured victims

[LAS found that 4000 calls / month take more than 3.5 mins before despatch]

•Of the total ‘confirmed’ critical incidents, approx 36k per year involve searches of 30+ minutes

because the mobile caller unable to give location

•About 480k/yr other cases of caller being unable to speak clearly: currently not able to be easily

or fully checked ……..Source: BT & DCMS 999/112 Liaison Committee


2017

4

Advanced Mobile Location service (AML) – use the handset’s own location

•No impact on standard emergency call (voice + network’s cell location info)

•Smartphone recognises an emergency call is being made : invisible to user

•Phone turns-on GNSS & WiFi facilities if needed and collects location information (for up to

20 seconds)**

•Zero-rated SMS containing location sent to PSAP (not visible on handset, no charge)

•Mobile network configuration to allow SMS when emergency call in progress

•Minimum battery level needed to allow enhanced service

•PSAP matches received location SMS to emergency (voice) call

•PSAP verifies handset GNSS/Wifi location is consistent with network’s cell location

•Handset location information made available to 999 call-takers of requested Emergency

Service (Police, Fire, Ambulance, Coastguard)

•This is not an App : no end user installation needed, simply call 999 as normal

** Notes

(i) where possible this will supplement the existing location information – does not replace it.

(ii) maintains privacy : only triggered when emergency call made


2017

Key

Mobile

Networks

Aggregation

Provider

Stage 1

PSAP(BT or

contracted

supplier)

Stage 2

PSAP

Google

Location

Service

Ephemeris

provider

(eg

Qualcomm)

Default location used

when no AML and to

check consistency of

handset locations


2017

Results - Rural

MLG – 2024m radius AML – 6m radius – GPS


2017

Results - City

MLG – 195m radius AML – 22m radius – GPS


2017

Results - Office

MLG – 383m radius AML – 34m radius – Wi-fi


2017

Results - Home

MLG – 2808m radius AML – 30m radius – Wi-fi


2017

Results – Moving Car

Westbound Eastbound


2017

Current live results from Android handsets

On making an emergency call (999 or 112 in the UK), the

handset uses AEL to try to establish its location for 20 seconds

while the emergency voice call is established, and the handset

location is transmitted to the PSAP using SMS (with AEL’s

different Data Coding Scheme to standard texts)

For week 17- 23 JULY the split over 125,666 location messages

from AML/AEL is:

45% GNSS, 34% WiFi, 9% Cell and 12% No Location[all MNOs]

The location yield, ie ignoring the NoLocs, is still about 89%.

Main reason for the 11% discards is a larger area than what we

already have. Some WiFi locations are also discarded if

appreciably different to the mobile network location

( we give a lower level of trust to WiFi in our algorithm). 11

Reported

Accuracy

Percent

No location 12%

0-9m 24%

10-19m 30%

20-49m 20%

50-99m 6%

100-999m 5%

999+m 3%


2017

Examples from UK emergency services – AML provided critical, precise locations

Stabbing victim unable to provide location verballyPerson who had been stabbed near a community centre in Neath but did not know their exact location :

AML allowed location of the person immediately and …actually plotted the caller on a map to a distance

of 18 feet (5m)

Suicidal caller who would not provide a location”The caller states that she is going to throw herself in front of the next train that comes along and

refuses to give her location. Call taker uses initiative and identifies a station near the AML location. Call

taker uses this as the location, passing to despatchers in just over a minute + police are on scene in 7

minutes locating the caller”

Caller with learning difficulties/mental limitations who could not provide location”Vulnerable male with severe learning difficulty who had been robbed… call taker tried numerous times

and ways to get a location, nothing forthcoming…then used lat/long and found the victim…… Don’t

know how he would have been found without lat/long “

Caller being attacked in a London park : did not know which park

Car crash with caller not knowing exactly where they were on London ring road

Domestic violence incident where caller unable to pass location


2017

13

Summary of AML benefits - 1

Significantly increased location precision from handset GNSS and WiFi functionality - less

time to find person in need

Fewer questions about location – reduced caller/call taker stress

Faster response to citizens in life-threatening conditions

Reduced costs to Emergency Services – less questioning + searching – and higher

throughput


2017

Summary of AML benefits - 2

Not an App – sustainable, does not depend on end user, supplements standard GSM voice

call wherever possible.

Minor changes for mobile networks : no new technical standards, quick to implement

Still need network cell location for cases where AML not possible and to help eliminate any

unreliable readings

Rolled out in other countries – Estonia, Lithuania, Belgium, Ireland, New Zealand, Austria,

Iceland, and parts of Italy and Switzerland……others testing or planning as AML adapted to

allow for different PSAP + Location Delivery models

ETSI TR 103 393 has captured AML functionality

Will continue to improve as handset technology evolves

14


2017

GNSS Trend over Time


2017

NoLoc Trend over Time

more precise locations for mobile 999 calls · more precise locations for mobile 999 calls ......

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