mooring (watercraft)

7/25/2019 Mooring (Watercraft)

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Mooring (watercraft)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Not to be confused with Mooring (oceanography).

A dockworker places a mooring line on abollard.

A mooringrefers to any permanent structure to which a essel may be secured. !"amples

include #uays,wharfs,$etties,piers, anchorbuoys,and mooring buoys. A ship is secured to a

mooring to forestall free moement of the ship on the water. An anchor mooringfi"es a essel%sposition relatie to a point on the bottom of a waterway without connecting the essel to shore.

As a erb, mooringrefers to the act of attaching a essel to a mooring.&'

he term probably stems from the*utcherb meren(to moor), which has been used in !nglish

since the end of the '+th century.

Contents

' ermanent anchor mooring

o '.' -wing moorings

o '. ile moorings

Mooring to a shore fi"ture

o .' Mediterranean mooring

o . raelling mooring
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooring_(oceanography)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bollardhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bollardhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quayhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quayhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wharfhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jettyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buoyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buoyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buoyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooring_(watercraft)#cite_note-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_languagehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_languagehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooring_(watercraft)#Permanent_anchor_mooringhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooring_(watercraft)#Swing_mooringshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooring_(watercraft)#Pile_mooringshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooring_(watercraft)#Mooring_to_a_shore_fixturehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooring_(watercraft)#Mediterranean_mooringhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooring_(watercraft)#Travelling_mooringhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bollardhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quayhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wharfhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jettyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buoyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooring_(watercraft)#cite_note-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_languagehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooring_(watercraft)#Permanent_anchor_mooringhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooring_(watercraft)#Swing_mooringshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooring_(watercraft)#Pile_mooringshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooring_(watercraft)#Mooring_to_a_shore_fixturehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooring_(watercraft)#Mediterranean_mooringhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooring_(watercraft)#Travelling_mooringhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooring_(oceanography)


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o ./ 0anal mooring

/ Mooring line materials

1 -ee also

+ 2eferences

3 !"ternal links

Permanent anchor mooring

Mooring line of olish shipFryderyk Chopin.

hese moorings are used instead of temporary anchors because they hae considerably more

holding power, cause less damage to the marine enironment, and are conenient. hey are alsooccasionally used to hold floating docks in place. here are seeral kinds of moorings4

Swing moorings

-wing moorings also known as simple or single5point moorings, are the simplest and most

common kind of mooring. A swing mooring consists of a single anchor at the bottom of a

waterway with a rode (a rope, cable, or chain) running to a float on the surface. he float allowsa essel to find the rode and connect to the anchor. hese anchors are known as swing moorings

because a essel attached to this kind of mooring swings in a circle when the direction of wind or

tide changes.

For a small boat (e.g. % 6 3.7 m sailing yacht), this might consist of a heay weight on theseabed, a ' mm or '1 mm rising chain attached to the 8anchor8, and a bridle made from 9 mm

nylon rope, steel cable, or a '3mm combination steel wire material. he heay weight (anchor)

should be a dense material. :ld rail wagon wheels are used in some places (e.g. 0lontarf, *ublin,;reland) for this purpose. ;n some harbours (e.g. *un


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positioning of moorings. 2opes (particularly for marker buoys and messenger lines) should be

8non floating8 to reduce likelihood of a boat%s prop being fouled by one.

Pile moorings

ile moorings are poles drien into the bottom of the waterway with their tops aboe the water.=essels then tie mooring lines to two or four piles to fi" their position between those piles. ile

moorings are common inNew >ealandbut rare elsewhere.

While many mooring buoys are priately owned, some are aailable for public use. For e"ample,

on the ?reat @arrier 2eefoff theAustraliancoast, a ast number of public moorings are set out

in popular areas where boats can moor. his is to aoid the massie damage that would becaused by many essels anchoring.

here are four basic types of permanent anchors used in moorings4&

*or5Mor pyramid5shaped anchors used in mooring

Dead weightsare the simplest type of anchor. hey are generally made as a largeconcrete block with a rode attached which resists moement with sheer weight and, to a

small degree, by settling into the substrate. ;n New >ealand old railway wheels are

sometimes used. he adantages are that they are simple and cheap. A dead weightmooring that drags in a storm still holds well in its new position. -uch moorings are

better suited to rocky bottoms where other mooring systems do not hold well. he

disadantages are that they are heay, bulky, and awkward.

Mushroom anchorsare the most common anchors and work best for softer seabeds such

as mud, sand, or silt. hey are shaped like an upside5down mushroom which can be

easily buried in mud or silt. he adantage is that it has up to ten times the holding5

power5to5weight ratio compared to a dead weight mooring disadantages include highcost, limited success on rocky or pebbly substrates, and the long time it takes to reach full

holding capacity.&/

Pyramid anchorsare pyramid5shaped anchors, also known as *or5Mor anchors. hey

work in the upside5down position with the ape" pointing down at the bottom such that

when they are deployed, the weight of wider base pushes the pyramid down digging into
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Barrier_Reefhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anchorhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anchorhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooring_(watercraft)#cite_note-2https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooring_(watercraft)#cite_note-3https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Barrier_Reefhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anchorhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooring_(watercraft)#cite_note-2https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooring_(watercraft)#cite_note-3


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the floor. As the anchors are encountered with lateral pulls, the side edges or corners of

the pyramids will dig deeper under the floor, making them more stable.&1&+

Screw-in mooringsare a modern method. he anchor in a screw5in mooring is a shaft

with wide blades spiraling around it so that it can be screwed into the substrate. he

adantages include high holding5power5to5weight ratio and small siBe (and thus relatiecheapness). he disadantage is that a dier is usually needed to install, inspect, and

maintain these moorings.

Multiple anchor mooring systemsuse two or more (often three) light weight temporary5

style anchorsset in an e#uilateral arrangement and all chained to a common center from

which a conentional rode e"tends to a mooring buoy. he adantages are minimiBed

mass, ease of deployment, high holding5power5to5weight ratio, and aailability oftemporary5style anchors.

Mooring to a shore fixture

0rew of Cong Dong%s -tar Ferryusing a billhook to catch a hemp mooring rope

A essel can be made fast to any ariety of shore fi"tures from trees and rocks to speciallyconstructed areas such aspiersand #uays. he word pier is used in the following e"planation in a

generic sense.

Mooring is often accomplished using thick ropes called mooring linesorhawsers. he lines are

fi"ed to deck fittings on the essel at one end and to fittings such as bollards, rings, and cleats onthe other end.

Mooring re#uires cooperation between people on a pier and on a essel. Ceay mooring lines are

often passed from larger essels to people on a mooring by smaller, weighted heaing lines.:nce a mooring line is attached to abollard, it is pulled tight.


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Forward @reast


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pier and then approaches the pier at a perpendicular angle. he essel then runs two lines to the

pier. Alternatiely, simple moorings may be placed off the pier and essels may tie to these

instead of setting a temporary anchor. he adantage of Mediterranean mooring is that manymore essels can be connected to a fi"ed length of pier as they occupy only their width of pier

rather than their length. he disadantages of Mediterranean mooring are that it is more likely to

result in collisions and that it is not practical in deep water or in regions with large tides.

!ra"elling mooring

A mooring used to secure a small boat (capable of being beached) at sea so that it is accessible at

all tides. Making a raelling Mooring inoles (') the sinking of a heay weight to which ablock (pulleywheel) is attached at a place where the sea is sufficiently deep at low tide, ()

fitting a block 6 pulley wheel to a rock or secure point aboe the high tide mark, and (/) running

a heay rope with marker buoy between these blocks.

Mooring inoles (a) beaching the boat, (b) drawing in the mooring point on the line (where the

marker buoy is located), (c) attaching to the mooring line to the boat, and (d) then pulling theboat out and away from the beach so that it can be accessed at all tides.

Canal mooring

A mooring used to secure aNarrowboat(capable of traersing narrow D canals and narrow

locks) oernight, during off boat e"cursions or prolonged #ueuing for canal lock access. Water

height with minimal e"ceptions, remain constant (not5tidal) there is water height ariance inclose pro"imity to locks.

!ypes of canal moorings are

Mooring pin(boat operator supplied) drien into the ground between the edge of the canal and

the owpathwith a mooring5line rope to the boat

Mooring hoo#(boat operator supplied) placed on the (permanent) canal5side rail with either(boat operator supplied) rope or chain5and5rope to the boat

Mooring ring(permanent) affi"ed between the edge of the canal and the tow path, with (boat

operator supplied) rope to the boat.

Mooring $ollard(permanent) affi"ed canal5side on lock5approaches for the short5term mooring

of adancing boats and lock5side to assist in ascent and descent.

2eferences

0anal 2ier rust&GA picture of mooring pin, mooring hook, chain with rings and hammer here&H

Mooring line materials
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulleyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narrowboathttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narrowboathttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lock_(water_transport)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Towpathhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooring_(watercraft)#cite_note-8https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooring_(watercraft)#cite_note-9https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulleyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narrowboathttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lock_(water_transport)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Towpathhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooring_(watercraft)#cite_note-8https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooring_(watercraft)#cite_note-9


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2egular mooring lines

-isal

Cemp

-teel wire

olyethylene

olypropylene

olyester(e.g., used for deepsea mooring of offshore platforms)

Nylon

0hain

Cigh5performance mooring lines

CM!(floating)

Aramid(heat resistant) (including Delar)

See also

@erth

Nautical portal

Anchor

Anchorage (shipping)

Mooring mast5 a structure designed to hold an airship or blimp securely in the open

when it is not in flight.

-ailing

%eferences

'.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ropehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sisalhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemphttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wire_ropehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyethylenehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polypropylenehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyesterhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nylonhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chainhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dyneemahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aramidhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kevlarhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berth_(moorings)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Nauticalhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anchorhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anchorage_(shipping)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooring_masthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sailinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ropehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sisalhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemphttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wire_ropehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyethylenehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polypropylenehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyesterhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nylonhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chainhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dyneemahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aramidhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kevlarhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berth_(moorings)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Nauticalhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anchorhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anchorage_(shipping)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooring_masthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sailing


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Maloney, Elbert S.; Charles Frederic Chapman (1!". Chapman #iloting, Seamanship $

Small %oat &andling (!' ed.". &earst Marine %ooks.S%)*+!++1-+'+. /bo0t Moorings. he 2ake 2i3e. 4amestown 5istrib0tors. Mooring %asics 6 &ow to nstall a #ermanent Mooring. &ow

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2eonard, %eth /. (4an0ary '1-". E7eryday Moorings. Seaworthy (%oat8S Marinens0rance #rogram" (4an0ary '1-". 9etrie7ed '- /0g0st '1-. - +319H9, issued 'HH759351 http466www.portsmouth.co.uk6news6business6local5business6let5s5go5si"5figure5inestment5made5in5port5s5berths5'5+G+/7++IW.mcJidK:utbrainJte"tLobrefKobinsite http466www.strainstall.com6what5we5do6our5systems6$etty5and5berth5management6#uick5

release5mooring5hooks6 https466canalriertrust.org.uk6media6library6'1'.pdf

'. http466www.french5waterways.com6practicalities6mooring.html

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