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FAO Food Security Sector Monthly Brief 1

MONTHLY BRIEFING

FOOD SECURITY WORKING GROUP (FSWG) for the Northeast Region of Nigeria

APRIL 2016

Food Security Sector (FSS) Highlights for April 2016 Summary of on-going humanitarian assistance:

Number of people targeted by 2016 HRP 1.5 million people

Total budget of Food Security Sector in 2016 HRP US$ 71.4 million

HRP resources mobilized to date US$ 7.9 million

Reached with food and livelihoods assistance in 2016 347,403 people

Projected needs for the coming lean season (June -September 2016) A total of 3 million people are in need of assistance through the coming lean season.

State People in need

Borno 1,952,719

Yobe 948,590

Adamawa 122,930

TOTAL 3,024,239

Plans for the lean season (interventions with firm commitments): According to the latest survey of Food Security Sector partners, the lean season will see a total of 1.8 million people targeted, with the majority provided with direct food assistance in the form of in-kind distributions or cash & voucher programmes.

Activity People targeted Households targeted

Food support/assistance 1,361,966 194,566

Agriculture inputs for own food production 379,330 54,190

Livelihood interventions 78,600 11,228

TOTAL 1,819,896 259,984

Food price increases Scarcity of foreign currency has made imports of food difficult causing the price of available grains in the market to increase sharply. It is predicted that food prices will continue to rise markedly through the lean season to September 2016. See food price section for details.

Precipitation forecasts for the 2016 season Unstable and abnormally low rainfall in the North and some other parts of Nigeria have been predicted. The season will be characterized by a late on-set, an early cessation, and lower than normal rainfall in many parts of the country, especially in the northernmost parts. Dry spells are expected to be frequent and severe in the north, with the possibility of isolated flash floods, chiefly in places that are naturally prone to flooding.

Economic indicators The Nigerian economy continues to suffer due to the low price of oil, which comprise more than 91% of Nigerian exports by value, causing shortages of foreign currency for food imports. A recent fuel price increase of 67% is expected to have further negative effects on food prices.

Food Security Sector Monthly Brief - April 2016


Summary of Food Security Sector response January to April 2016 According to the latest incoming data from FSS partners, a total of 43,170 households (347,403 individuals) have been reached since the beginning of 2016 with food assistance, alternative livelihoods support and agricultural interventions. Reporting response from partners has improved in the past monthly reporting period, which, along with an increase in activities ahead of the coming lean season, has led to a rise in the number of reported activities and/or increased number of reached population.

Organization Activities State # of people reached

# of HHs reached

Action Against Hunger ACF Alternative livelihood activities Borno 9,351 1,039

Action Against Hunger ACF Crop Production Inputs Borno 17,424 1,936

Action Against Hunger ACF Food Assistance Borno 53,946 5,994

Action Against Hunger ACF Alternative livelihood activities Yobe 10,161 1,129

Action Against Hunger ACF Crop Production Inputs Yobe 3,600 400

Action Against Hunger ACF Food Assistance Yobe 10,800 1,200

Adamawa Peace Initiative Crop Production Inputs Adamawa 80 80

Adamawa Peace Initiative Food Assistance Adamawa 2500 2500

Catholic Relief Services Food Assistance Yobe 17,498 2,047

Christian Aid UK Food Assistance Adamawa 2,430 923

Christian Aid UK Food Assistance Gombe 5,029 1,009

Christian Rural and Urban Development Association of Nigeria

Food Assistance Adamawa 11,520 960

Civil Society Coalition for Poverty Eradication

Food Assistance Adamawa 26,640 2,220


Food Assistance Borno 24,000 2,000


Food Assistance Gombe 6,000 500

Cooperazione Internazionale Food Assistance Yobe 23,400 2,600

Cooperazione Internazionale FS Coordination Yobe 20,000 2,000

EYN Food Assistance Borno 4,472 639

International Centre for Energy Environment and Development

Alternative livelihood activities Adamawa 270 30

INTERSOS Humanitarian Aid Food Assistance Borno 8,000 1,000

Mercy Corps Food Assistance Gombe 28,700 4,100

NIRA Community Development Organization

Food Assistance Yobe 17,498 2,047

Norwegian Refugee Council NRC Alternative livelihood activities Borno 7,700 1,100

Norwegian Refugee Council NRC Crop Production Inputs Borno 8,400 1,200

Norwegian Refugee Council NRC Food Assistance Borno 18,200 2,600

United States Agency for International Development

Food Assistance Adamawa 18,486 2,054

World Food Programme WFP Food Assistance Borno 502 502

TOTAL 347,403 43,170 Table 1: Number of households reached by Food Security Sector partners in April 2016



Interventions by Federal and State Government

In April, the federal government of Nigeria released 10,000 metric tonnes of grains from the strategic grain reserve to NEMA in support of ongoing food assistance to IDPs in NE Nigeria. This is expected to have a positive impact on prices in lieu of the import challenges caused by lack of foreign currency.

Plans for the Lean Season: June - August 2016

The total anticipated needs for the three NE states is 3,024, 239 people who expected to be in IPC Phases 3-5 for June to August 2016. Food security sector partners plans to reach a total of 1,819, 896 persons with 1,361,966 in food assistance, 379,330 in agricultural inputs distribution and 78,600 with livelihoods support. To improve the food and nutrition state of affected population, save lives and restore livelihoods; more funding, effective coordination and advocacy is needed in order to provide support to people in some inaccessible areas, whose lives and livelihoods are threatened. See below summary of sector plans per state. Efforts to provide agricultural inputs to farming households in the Northeast during this period are also ongoing. Information from partners obtained so far indicate that up to 379,330 individuals (54,190 households) will be provided with agricultural inputs during the planting season.

Summary of planned interventions in the Northeast states June – September 2016

Interventions Adamawa Yobe Borno TOTAL

Food support/food distributions

68,000 303,495 883,721 1,361,966

Agriculture support/inputs distribution

222,600 42,000 105,000 379,330

Livelihood interventions 21,000 12,000 35,100 78,600

TOTAL 311,600 357,495 1,023,821 1,819,896 Table 5: Individuals targeted for humanitarian interventions



Market food price changes between March 2016 and April 20161

Price data received from the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) for April 2016 shows that the prices of major staple foods across the six surveyed states in the Northeast witnessed a large increase between March and April 2016. The average price increase across all staple foods (Rice, Beans, Sorghum and Millet) in the six states (Adamawa, Bauchi, Borno, Gombe, Taraba and Yobe) was 8.67%. The only exception to this price increases was in the price of beans in Gombe state, where the price declined 0.22%. Adamawa and Borno saw the highest average increase in staple food price with and increase of 14.09% and 12.1% respectively.

Rice2

The price of rice increased by an average of 8.75% across the six states The highest percentage increase in price of 16.06% was in Adamawa, where the price jumped from ₦190.68 to ₦221.30. Borno had the lowest increase in price at 4.08% from ₦230.24 to ₦239.64. In Bauchi, the price increased from ₦205.97/kg to ₦219.46/kg, a change of 6.55%. The price increased in Taraba by 7.44%, in Yobe by 7.14% and in Gombe by 6.62%.

Beans3 The price of beans increased on average 7.72% across the six states. All states saw an increase except Gombe where the price dropped marginally by 0.22% from ₦212.34/kg to ₦211.86/kg. The highest price increase was in Taraba at 16.42% from ₦219.27/kg to₦255.26/kg, while the lowest increase was in Borno by 5.52% from ₦194.60 to ₦205.34. Beans prices increased 6.48% in Adamawa, 7.08% in Bauchi, and 8.05% in Yobe state..

1 All prices in this section are sourced from the Nigerian National Bureau of Statistics (NBS). 2 Rice prices is an average of four commonly available varieties: imported high quality, agricultural rice, local, and medium grained (sold loose). 3 Bean prices is an average of two commonly available varieties: white black eye and brown (sold loose)



Sorghum

The average price of sorghum increased across all the states averaging 8.6%, with Adamawa having the highest price increase of 25.66% from ₦67.30/kg to ₦84.57/kg. The price also increased markedly in Borno, from ₦73.39 to ₦86.35 at 15.20%. The lowest price increase was in Yobe state, where price moved from ₦68.50/kg to ₦73.63/kg at 7.5%.

Millet Millet prices increased on average 8.15% across the six states with Borno seeing the highest increase in the price of millet of 21% from ₦74.52/kg to ₦90.27/kg. This increase was the second highest percentage increase in price across all staple food items in the Northeast. Gombe saw a price increase of 2.5% from ₦78.40/kg to ₦76.48/kg. The increase in millet prices in Bauchi was 9.8%, 8.16% in Adamawa, and 10.16% in Yobe.



Per state - Staple food prices 16-month trend in ₦/kg anomaly, where January 2015 = 0

Figure1: Running average food price anomaly Jan 2015 (=0) to April 2016



Per state - Staple food prices change between March 2016 and April 2016 in ₦/kg

Figure2: Staple food price changes between March and April 2016 - per state



Economic background challenges The current state of the economy in Nigeria is continuing to have an impact on the food security situation. Core foodstuff inflation is currently at over 12%, and capital controls and foreign currency shortages are hampering the import of vital foodstuffs and related goods. The recent reduction in fuel subsidies and the subsequent increase in the official price of petrol by 67% to ₦145/litre is expected to have an impact on already increasing food prices as the cost of transport and energy increases too. The current discrepancy between the official Naira rate and the secondary market stands at over 50%. However, there have been political signal of late indicating that a devaluation of the Naira is planned. Although this will cause large price increases, the net effect on imports is expected to be positive, as capital controls can be relaxed.

Preparations for rain-fed planting season 2016

Preparations are ongoing across the country for the commencement of the 2016 rain-fed planting season, with the regular rainfall expected around May/June. The federal government and the state governments are already making efforts to provide inputs such as fertilizer, seeds, and other agro inputs to farmers at subsidized rates.

Control of Avian Influenza A number of suspicious cases of Avian Influenza tested positive in the month of April 2016. Positive cases were received from Kaduna (one positive), Plateau (three positive), and Kano states (five cases, one positive), while the only case from Bauchi was negative. As of 28th April 2016, the total number of states (including the FCT) where Avian Influenza has been reported and confirmed positive remains 26, while the number of LGAs with outbreaks is now 121. The total reported number of culled birds stands at 3,352,394 while compensation has only been paid for 1,050,904 culls and 382,931 destroyed eggs. The total number of birds culled and awaiting compensation payment has increased to 2,414,943 (467 farmers/farms).

Key activities the next coming months 1. Individual partner and sector interventions in Adamawa, Borno, Gombe and Yobe states.

2. Regular bi-monthly FSWG meetings at national and state levels.

3. Preparation for the 2016 rain-fed planting season / lean season.

4. Coordination and food security assessments.

5. Projects monitoring and evaluation.

6. Task force on food sector specific recommendations from the cash symposium

7. 4W training For further information, please contact:

Name Position E-mail Dr. Louise Setshwaelo FAO Representative in Nigeria [email protected] Dr. Mani Rabe Marko Lesukat

AFAOR Programmes Food Security Sector Coordinator

[email protected] [email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

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