monthly automark march 2012

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Secretary Ministry of Commerce ZafarMahmood’s secret summary sent to thecabinet on th MFN issue on February 10proposing that the ministry be allowedto progressively phase out the negativelist by December 2012 has created panicamong Pakistani entrepreneurs, said asource in the ministry.

“We are not surprised by the proposalsof the bureaucracy that seems keenerthan even India to open trade gates forall products from the neighbouringcountry,” said Nabeel Hashmi, ChairmanPakistan Association of Auto parts andAccessories Manufacturers. He said therewere also elements in the bureaucracythat want to protect Pakistan’s interestand leaked out the plans of proponentsof trade with India.

He said the federal secretary commerceproposed to eliminate the negative listin three instalments on a quarterly basisafter approval of the cabinet withquarters ending on June 30, September30 and December 31 of 2012. This wouldautomatically grant the MFN status toIndia, he added.

In this regard, the spokesman of PakistanAutomotive Manufacturers Association(PAMA) said: “The industry fails tounderstand how the rationale forprotecting local industry would changefrom one quarter to the next quarter.”Instead of negotiating a long term phaseout plan in the interest of the localindustry, the government has tried totake short cuts and have practically soldout the national interests, he added.

It is to be noted that the sectors andrespective number of 636 items includedin the proposed Negative List are: foodand agriculture 16; minerals 3; chemicals4; pharmaceuticals 32; plastics 74;rubber 24; paper and wood 55; textileand clothing 77; iron and steel 25; andauto sectors 311.

Pakistan’s premier magazine on automotive, engineering & energy sectorAUTOMARKMonthly

Sub EditorDr. Raja Irfan Sabir

Technical EditorMuhammad Shahzad

Advertising ManagerAbdul Khaliq

Circulation ManagerTahir Siddiqui

Computer OperatorSalman Hanif

Web MasterMustafa Hanif

CONTRIBUTING IN

THIS ISSUEMuhammad Shahzad

Yakoob Gaziani

Ali Hassan

Shahzad Tabish

M. Owais Khan

AdvisorsImtiaz RastgarCEO, Rastgar Group &CBI External Expert,Ex-chairman EDBIslamabad

Abdul Majeed SheikhPresident,AOTS-ABK Dosokai,Karachi Regional Center& Director (MME),NED University,Ex-Director Pak SuzukiKarachi

M. Yakoob GazianiCEOLORD Institute of Tech.Karachi

Haider NawabAdvisor Planning &DevelopmentToyota Southern MotorsToyota Defence MotorsKarachi

J. PereiraGeneral ManagerProduct Support DivisionAl-Haj FAW Motors (Pvt) Ltd.Karachi

Engr. IHT FarooquiGeneral Manager PlantKarakoram Motors (Pvt) Ltd.,Karachi

EditorM. Hanif Memon

AutoMark REGD: SC-1330Published every month by M. Hanif MemonPostal AddressActive CommunicationsD-68, Block-9, Clifton,KarachiVisit us: www.automark.pkE-mail: [email protected] [email protected] : 021-32218526 Mobile: 0321-2203815

The views expressed by contributingwriters and comments do not

necessarily reflect the views andpolicies of the Monthly AutoMark

magazine's management.

Trade with India


Company Introduction - Update

Monthly Automark Magazine | March-2012 | Page 13

Rastgar & Company (Pvt.) Ltd was established in 1980.It is a marketing and industrial services company whichprovides compressed air, gas and construction machineryequipment to all industries all over Pakistan. R & Cooperates on 4-S marketing concept, providing customerwith Sales, Service, Spares and Solutions and besidesmanufacturer’s warranty annex our own warranty of fullsupport of service and spares to our customersinstallations. For this we have dedicated team of trainedmanpower to meet expectation of our customers. We alsooffer our customer complete solutions for their specificneed that cater for their own wish list. With an extremelyreliable product line we offer most lucrative options tosuit out client, rentals, lease, finance or outright sales.Rastgar & Co is ISO 9001-2000 certified.Services

Rastgar & Co offer following services for itscustomers:

Planning & SelectionTurnkey InstallationsAutomationHeat recoveryAir AuditsServiceSparesRastgar & Co shall be a marketing and industrial servicescompany in the field of industrial machinery with a highlymotivated and trained team working closely with customerfor fulfillment of their needs, resulting in our sustainedgrowth and profit.

VisionRastgar & Co is an ethical, global business corporation,socially responsible and environment friendly entity. Itsvision is to meet the aspirations of its customer,shareholder, employees and stakeholder through reliableproduct line and services.

TrainingRastgar & Co is always keen to train customer for defectfree performance of the equipment supplied. Trainingsessions are held at Rastgar & Co own training facility atKarachi, various locations at different towns all lover thecountry. In-House training is also arranged.

Rental ServicesRastgar & Co offers rental and standby equipmentpackages designed to see you through an emergency orto provide the best short or long term air and vacuumyour money can buy.

RASTGAR & COMPANY (PVT) LTD.31 Years of Service to Pakistan's Industry


International Automotive Sector - Introduction


Chongqing KAMACarburetor Company

is one of the most

f a m o u s &p r o f e s s i o n a l

C a r b u r e t o rmanufacturers which

are specialized in the

design, productionand sale of carburetors and service

support. Currently, we have factories

covering more than 12,000 squaremeters, with 400 specialized workers

for assembling lines, and over 50

professional program technicianssupporting the design, testing and

production processes. We own more

than 200 sets of professional JP BrotherCentre equipment, CITIZEN numerical

control machines, etc. The total outputis 3,000,000 carburetors from 50cc to

250cc, applying to different types of

motorcycles.To supply customers with better

products, we also have a plan of building

a new plant with 70,000 square metersin BISHAN New Industrial Zone, with

the capability of supplying more than

8,000,000 sets each year. With the greatgoal of being the leading one among

Carburetor manufacturers in China, wewill keep on the progress of developing

higher quality carburetors in the future.

With the investment on top-grade

testing equipment and strength oftechnical team, KAMA has obtained

I S O9 0 01, I SO 1 4 001 a nd C C C

certificates, which ensures us tocooperate with those famous motorcycle

manufacturers like JIALING, LIFAN,Z O N G S H E N , L O N G X I N ,Y I N X I A N G , B A S H A N ,SHINERAY, etc. Our carburetors have

been exported to customers around the

world.With good quality and reasonable

price, we have obtained more than

85% of the PZ16 carburetorsmarket which are suitable for 70cc

motorcycles, the best-sale productin Pakistan.

But we will not sleep on this success.

We are well aware that the motorcycleindustry in Pakistan is developing very

fast. We also noticed the recent increase

in the petrol price which would bringstrong demand on better economic

performance. The OEM assembler

owners and the customers are lookingfor better quality products all the time.

We would like to follow the technical

innovation strategy which is focused tocooperate with the OEM assemblers on

the aspect of technical service and

support so as to do our contribution tothe healthy development of the whole

industry.However, the current way of technical

solution is obviously slow. So we sent

our general engineer to Pakistan forclose investigation of the possibility to

set up a professional lab in Pakistan. In

our plan, there are three main functionsof this lab.

First, it allows us to carry out the

comprehensive test of the motorcycleand find out the problem. With our

engineer from China, we could give ourtechnical suggestion to the assemblers.

Second, we would use the facilities

of the lab to conduct some training forthe engineers from OEM assemblers on

how to conduct testing and how to

analyze the test result so as to solveproblems they encounter.

Third, we would also like to cooperatewith the assemblers on wide range of

technical aspects like old model upgrade,

new model launch and new industrystandard solution etc. We believe this

lab will play an active part in the fast

development of the motorcycle industry.

Chongqing KAMACarburetor Company

Pioneer of Technical InnovationThe current way of technical solution is obviously slow.

So we sent our general engineer to Pakistan for closeinvestigation of the possibility to set up a professional lab

in Pakistan. In our plan, there are three mainfunctions of this lab.


Trade with India - Exclusive Article


As many Indian items are alreadyfinding way into Pakistani market eitherthrough formal and informal way, thevendors of locally assembled cars andlight commercial vehicles look moreperturbed over possible elimination ofnegative list between two countries byDecember 2012 which means moreinflux of Indian items on Pakistan.However, the car makers are divided asPak Suzuki Motor Company Limited(PSMCL) has a different stance onopening trade with India as comparedto Honda Atlas and Indus MotorCompany (IMC).Vendors do not have any other sidebusinesses except for paltry exports. In2010-11 autoparts exports exceeded$100 million with majority of shipmentsdestined towards the USA, Europe, theMiddle East and African countries.Around 95 per cent of these sales wereto the aftermarkets.The three car assemblers have not donemuch on export front but they have beendoing trading like importing brand newcostly vehicles from Japan and othercountries like Suzuki APV, SuzukiJimny, Honda Accord, Honda CR-V,Toyota Land Cruiser, Toyota Prado,Toyota Camry, Toyota Avanza, ToyotaFortuner and Toyota Avanza at priceranging from around Rs 2,000,000 toaround Rs 20,199,000. What promptedassemblers to plunge in costly vehicleimports when they literally do not haveany future plans to assemble thesevehicles in Pakistan for very limitedbuyers.Though car makers have been enjoyingquite good sales despite huge influx ofused cars, but they feel that the industryis facing big problems to staycompetitive amid challenges like erodingrupee value against various currencies,rising utility bills, energy shortages andinconsistency in government policies.The assemblers say that they cannotafford any reduction in duty protectionas proposed by Planning Commission

which would the hit industry very badly.A leading Japanese car maker does notfeel threatened in case imports of CKD,raw material, equipment, machinery,jigs are allowed from India but he seesindustry’s destruction in case import ofCBUs and spare parts are allowed.Chairman Pakistan Association ofAutomotive Parts and AccessoriesManufacturers (PAAPAM) Syed NabeelHashmi said that before opening furthertrade with India, the government has toconsider the investment made by thelocal vehicle assembling industries,registered membership base of over 350vendor companies and over 200,000employees located all over Pakistan invending industries.The localization levels achieved so farby the vending industry are 55 to 70 percent for passenger cars, over 90 per centfor motorcycles and tractors and 40 percent in case of trucks and buses, heclaims.Nabeel said in spite of the AIDP (AutoIndustry Development Program) beingin place since 2007, multiple policychanges have been made. Adherence toguidelines of the AIDP and update ofthe Tariff Based System (TBS) remainsin vogue to date. Policy and tariff changewhich was in conflict or deviated fromthe AIDP was ignored by local OEMswhere it suited them and this resultedin a fair amount of divergence from aimsand objectives of the AIDP. “As a result,the industry has not been able to developengine or transmission components inthe car sector,” he added.He says the brands like Toyota, Honda

and Suzuki dominate Pakistani market.All three companies have a comfortableposition in the market and have madein-house investments in sheet metal andplastic component manufacturing also.However, there is no investment indesign departments in Pakistan by anyof the big three. There has also been aconsistent effort to offset localization ofengine and transmission componentsthat has lead to unrealistic cost increasesin prices of local cars. This fact is beingignored by the both the Ministry ofIndustries and Commerce in their policyformulations for achieving obviousadvantages for Pakistan’s own auto partsmanufacturing industry, consumers andthe exports market. The local carindustry is expected to upgrade itsemission standards to EURO II on July1, 2012.In contrast, Nabeel said India is hometo 40 million vehicles. A total of 9.4million vehicles were sold in India in FY2010 (a growth of 27% over the previousyear). Annual car sales are projected toincrease up to five million vehicles by2015 and more than nine million unitsby 2,020.T h e m aj or i ty o f I n di a ' s c armanufacturing industry is based aroundthree clusters in the south, west andnorth. The southern cluster nearChennai is the biggest with 35 per centof the revenue share. The western hubnear Maharashtra is 33 per cent of themarket. The northern cluster is primarilyHaryana with 32 per cent.Indian auto component industry is quitecomprehensive with around 500 firmsin the organized sector producingpractically all parts and more than10,000 firms in small unorganizedsector, in tiered format. The turnover ofauto component sector has grown froma figure of $1.5 billion to $9.8 billion.Indian and Pakistani consumers havedifferent buying patterns. The Pakistanieconomy is extremely liberal in importsif compared to India. India’s auto sector

PAAPAM’s concern over elimination of negativelist by December 2012

Car makers opposeCar makers opposeCBU import from IndiaCBU import from India

by Mohammad Owais Khan


Trade with India - Exclusive Article


has localized components to well over90 per cent whereas in Pakistancontinuous revision of localizationtargets have left the industry half way.India accorded MFN to Pakistan in 1996.Even without MFN status to India thebalance of trade is in India’s favor withover $1.2 bill ion import againstPakistan’s export of $268 million 2010-11. India has a list of 850 items on whichit applies well laid out Non-Tariffbarriers in which can be categorized asfollows :- Harsh testing requirement,c o m p l e x h a r m o n i z e d c o d ec l a s s i f i c a t i o n s , i n a d e q u a t einfrastructure, spe cia l labe lingrequirements, import l ic ensingre quir eme nts, sp e ci a l customsprocedures, biased Internal Governmentprocurements favoring local productsand provisions of export subsidies tolocal products.The NTB’s have been put in place in avery learned and systematic manner.India claims that no policy or importrules are Pakistan specific which is anaccurate statement.India has a large engineering industrialbase. Raw materials are home based.There is no energy crisis and nointernational image problem. Exportsin auto parts are well supported by theGovernment and tuned up to well over$12 billion last year. This is due to a yearon year growth average of 40 per cent.Nabeel Hashmi said for reasons notedabove the Pakistan’s automotiveindustry is currently not positioned wellfor an onslaught of Indian finished autogoods. The Government must ensurethat respective automotive parts andgoods are added and retained on thenegative and proposed sensitive list withIndia until such time that the industryis fully assured of TBT’s/NTB’s removalsand our volumes of scale ensurecomfortable positions for Pakistani autoparts / engineering SME units.He said the government must also fulfillits commitment that it promised withPAAP AM at the t ime of AIDPimplementation to support the autoparts makers with -- productive AssetsInvestment schemes, human Resourcedevelopment program, technologyacquisition scheme, auto industryinvestment policy and auto cluster

development.These schemes were basically envisionedto ensure that auto parts makers becamemore competitive and are ready for theglobal markets. In the absence ofimplementation of these schemes, it isnot fair to ask the industry to open up.He said PAAPAM has generated its ownlist for the auto sector. We are in totaldisagreement on the proposed targetdate of eliminating Pakistan’s Negativelist by December 2012. Pakistan’snegative list must remain in place untilsuch time the Government demonstratesits own readiness to tackle and handlethe onslaught of Indian finished goodsthereby assuring the Industry its rightfulshare of Pakistan’s domestic auto marketand capacity enhancement of Pakistaniauto parts producers to enter Indiandomestic markets easily.Pakistan’s sensitive list of items underSAFTA comprised 1,136 Tariff lines at6-digit level and Pakistan has alreadymade 20 per cent reduction in thesensitive list without any input fromrespective stakeholders. 233 Tariff lineshave been deleted without any duediligence.India having a large industrial base andknowing the capability of SAARCmember states and in the presence ofstrong NTB’s and TBT’s can afford toreduce its sensitive list to minimumlevels, whereas, Pakistan’s Industry isnot as developed as the Indian industry.There should be no further reduction inour sensitive list lines as any furtherreduction would be detrimental to thelocal Auto Industry and Engineeringsector as a whole.Pakistan is still in the process ofdeveloping standards for its productshaving export potential. We shoulde ns ur e on a r ec i p r oc al b asi sreorganization of tests and accreditationof testing laboratories with India. Weare still unaware as to how many testinglaboratories are accredited andacceptable to SAARC member states.Customs nomenclature classificationsthat are based on HS coding systemcurrently are also not harmonized vis-a-vis both countries. As such relianceon HS coding system as is can lead tounnecessary complications.The commerce ministry must take

cognizance of ground realities of eachspecific industrial sector of Pakistan andnegotiate such policies which offerincreased trade opportunities toPakistani companies. WTO relatedmeasures, Regional FTA’s whereverintroduced must be with the consent ofstakeholders.PAAPAM favors step wise trade openingwith India in the following manner.Implement AIDP within the Auto sectorthrough the Engineering DevelopmentBoard of Pakistan. Introduce immediatestructural reforms, policy changes andcapacity building of GOP departmentsmanaging Pakistan’s Trade Policies andImport regimes. Harmonize QualityStandards and Testing laboratoriesbetween both the countries. HarmonizeHS codes regimes including theirnomenclaturesIn order to provide a level playing fieldto our manufacturers the followingimports may be allowed from Indiathrough all routes (including Wagha)immediately. This will assist ourindustries to achieve a more competitivepricing structure.

1. Raw Materials which includesteels, plastics & rubber2. Special machinery &Equipment including testingequipment3. Tools, Dies, Jigs & fixtures4. Process & manufacturinginputs5. Sub-components whenimported by PAAPAM membersunder a J.V. duly approved by the EDB.To ensure that local auto parts industrycontinues to grow both in the shape ofvolumes and technology, import offinished auto parts in any form includingCKD/SKD must not be allowed forOEM’s or aftermarkets.PAAPAM would also support ande nc o ur ag e I nd ia n aut omo b i lemanufacturing companies who wouldlike to invest in Pakistan at OEM levelwithin the framework of the newentrants policy of the ministry ofindustries.....

PAAPAM has generated its own list for the auto sector.We are in total disagreement on the proposed

target date of eliminating Pakistan’s Negative list by December 2012.


Exclusive Article


Irrespective of merits and demerits toour local industry, stake of jobs ofthousands of people and future of ourhuge vendor base after more liberaltrade with India – one thing lookscertain that consumers may be able tosee arrival of used new design bikes ofhigher engine capacity from India.However, much will depend of the pricesof Indian bikes to lure the buyers.Many consumers have set their eyes onthe bright prospects of running highengine capacity Indian made bikeshopefully from next year as thegovernment looks firm to phase outnegative list of items between the twocountries by December 2012 thus pavingway for more entry of Indian goods.It is not clear what government hasplanned about the future of our localbike industry which has been showingtremendous growth after the entry oflow priced bikes introduced by Chinesebike assemblers.How the local industry (Japanese andChinese bike assemblers) will face theinflux of Indian bikes as the governmenthas clearly indicated of eliminatingnegative list by December 31, 2012.It is a real fact that the auto vendingindustry of Pakistan during the last 15years has come a long way in terms ofacquiring technologies to manufacturea wide range of hi-tech products notonly for domestic market but alsocatering for export market to someextent.The localization levels achieved so farby the vending industry are over 90 percent for motorcycles but surprisinglythe price of Japanese CD70cc is Rs66,000 as its producer continues toincrease prices on rising cost ofproduction and appreciating value ofYen against the Rupee.However, local vendors claim that thehigh local content in case of motorcycleshas made Pakistan, as one of thecheapest manufacturers of this mode of

transport worldwide because the cost ofparts produced by PAAPAM membersis substantially lower than cost ofimported parts.The quality and reliability of each andevery part that is localized is certifiedby the parent companies assemblingtheir vehicle brands in Pakistan. Withan average 35 per cent growth in thetwo to three wheeler sector during thelast decade, there has been a mushroomgr ow th o f v en dor s p r oduc i ngcomponents for this sector.The motorcycle production has alsotouched the level of 1.7 million units in2010-11 in which Honda bikes still holda major market share. During 2010-11,motorcycle sales have recorded growthsin excess of 25 per cent over the lastyear. The Chinese bike makers mainlyfocused on 70cc two wheelers which areinvariably the Japanese version of theHonda CD70.Some incentive in the shape ofreimbursement of taxes for exports hasstarted a trickle flow of motorcycleexports from Pakistan, but still requiresmore seriousness from the Ministry ofCommerce to really achieve its true

potential.At the moment, Pakistan has 57 Two-Three Wheelers. Unrecorded exports ofmotorcycles are being done in largenumbers to Afghanistan. Two-Threewheelers have also made inroads inAfrican and South Asian Countries.However, accurate CBU Export figuresare not available.

Giving a history of Indian bikeand vendor industry and their

achievements, ChairmanPAAPAM Syed Nabeel Hashmi

said India is the Asia’s thirdlargest economy. Indian auto

market is one of the fastestgrowing auto markets in the

world, and India is home to 40million vehicles.

A total of 9.4 million vehicles were soldin India in FY 2010 (a growth of 27 percent over the previous year). Motorcyclesaccounted for 78 per cent of the totaltwo wheelers sold. India produced8,418,626 two wheelers in 2009-2010as compared to 8,026,681 units in 2008-2009.He said the Indian industry, over theyears, developed the capability ofmanufacturing all components requiredto manufacture vehicles, which isevident from the high levels o fIndigenization achieved in the vehicleindustry as well as the componentsdeveloped for the completely Indianmade vehicles like the Tata Indica, TataIndigo, Mahindra Scorpio, Bajaj Pulsar,TVS Victor and TVS star. There is a direneed that production of bikes in Pakistanmust cross five million units per yearfrom the current 1.7 million units.Over the last few years, the Indian AutoComponent Industry has created arobust capacity base and all of theworld’s major manufacturers have setup their manufacturing units in thecountry. The quality of the components

How 25 year old bikeswill compete with

Indian influx?Analysis of Pakistan and India bike industry

M. Sabir Shaikh

by Ali Hassan

Nabeel Hashmi


Automotive Sector - Update


produced by the component industry inthe country is certified by the fact that,out of the 498 ACMA members, 9 areDeming Prize winners, 4 are JIPMaward winners and 1 is Japan QualityMedal winner.The turnover of auto component sectorhas grown from a figure of $1.5 billionto $9.8 billion. Low labor costs,availability of skilled labor and highquality consciousness among Indianvendors have spurred the growth of autocomponent exports from India. In 2010-11 the overall auto parts exports touched$5 billion. Indian component industryhas now reached a high degree ofmaturity in terms of quality andproductivity and has also developedcapabilities in the area of design andengineer ing, which are c riti ca lrequirements for being a part of theglobal supply chain.According to WTO, India’s averagebound tariff rate was 48.6 percent, whileits simple MFN average applied tarifffor 2009 was 12.9 percent across allgoods. Given this large disparity betweenbound and applied rates, exporters toIndia face tremendous uncertaintybecause India has considerable flexibilityto change tariff rates at any time.While India has bound all agriculturaltariff lines in the WTO, over 30 percentof India’s non-agri tariffs remainunbound, i.e. there is no WTO ceilingon the rate. India maintains very hightariff peaks on a number of goodsincluding automobiles and motorcycles(60 per cent for new products, 100 percent for used products). Some advalorem equivalent rates exceed 300percent.P A A P A M c h i e f sa i d P aki s ta nGovernment, MOC and FBR need to doa lot of homework and understand whatits strength and weaknesses are withspecific focus on engineering sector.Pakistan is still in the process ofdeveloping standards for its productshaving export potential. We shoulde ns ur e on a r ec i p r oc a l ba si sreorganization of tests and accreditationof testing laboratories with India. Weare still unaware as to how many testinglaboratories are accredited and

acceptable to SAARC member states.Nabeel Hashmi said the commerceministry is the prime government organthat is supposed to ensure thatPakistan’s industrial base does not sufferdue to the proposed MFN status to India.The commerce ministry must takecognizance of ground realities of eachspecific industrial sector of Pakistan andnegotiate such policies which offerincreased trade opportunities toPakistani companiesThere is a need for initiating a detailedstudy on the impact of opening doors toIndia with a focus on Auto sector. Thestudy must look into the TBT’s andNTB’s restricting export of PakistaniAuto products.He said the State Bank should enhanceSME assets value to Rs 400 million forEngineering Auto Industry to avail SMEp re fer ent ia l mar k up regi mes.Clarification on FDI investments ofIndian companies in Pakistan and viceversa by Pakistan Businessmen neededand reduce mark up rates and bankingspread to create a more competitiveenvironment.

Chairman Association ofPakistan MotorcycleAssemblers (APMA)

Mohammad Sabir Shaikh lookshighly worried over the fate of

25 year old model localassemblers of Pakistan when

full-fledged trade with India willunderway from January 2013.

Before further liberalizing trade withIndia, the government should removethe bottlenecks being faced by theChinese bike makers. For example, hesaid that the makers of Honda and

Suzuki bikes are enjoying concessionaryduty relief of zero to 20 per cent whileChinese bike makers are forced to pay15 to 65 per cent customs duty. Thegovernment has yet to remove the dualtaxation system for the bike industry.Currently, the officials of Sales Tax andCustoms are harassing the bike makersby making cases which indicates thatsome officials force the assemblers toevade taxes and duties and then otherofficials come to grab the industry peoplein the name of recovery drive.Sabir said that Customs DepartmentPRAL takes two to three months to clearcompletely knocked down (CKD kits) asper list passed by the EngineeringDevelopment Board (EBD) for bikeassemblers but in contrary, the CKS formakers of Honda and Suzuki are clearedin 24 hours. Is this is a fraud orc o ntr a di c t i on , he qu es t i on e d.Motorcycle assemblers pay their salestax returns every month throughcomputerized network and PRAL alsoholds computerized record of every CKDkits imports. But assemblers arefrequently asked to present their records,he said.He said there is a higher valuation adviceimposed on imports of parts andaccessories. We pay customs duty as perwhole weight on clearance of parts atthe ports but at some dry ports collecthalf duty by assessing half weight.Japanese bike makers were providedexport refund for shipping bikes toAfghanistan but small assemblers,despite sendi ng the ir bikes toAfghanistan for the last three years, arenot getting export refund, APMA chiefsaid.

APMA chief said the governmenthas to remove these problemsbeing faced by the small bike

assemblers but it seems that somegovernment departments are

looking forward to destroy the lowcost bike makers by their

controversial and biased policiesjust to favor Japanese bike

assemblers so that influx of Indianbikes could play havoc with small

bike makers…

He said there is a higher valuation advice imposed on importsof parts and accessories. We pay customs duty as per whole

weight on clearance of parts at the ports but at some dry portscollect half duty by assessing half weight.




Pakistan Automotive Manufacturers

Association (PAMA) has just releasedlocal automobile industry’s sales and

production numbers for the month ofFebruary ‘12. As per the data, Auto sales

of the industry witnessed substantialgrowth of 17 per cent YoY to 111,552

units in 8MFY12 as against the sales of95,635 units in the corresponding period

last year. Conversely, on monthly basis,industry sales have posted a modest

drop of 27 units to 14,940 units in themonth of February ’12 in comparison of

14,967 units in the previous month.Overall industry sales were higher

because of the low based effect improvedagricultural income.

Pak Suzuki Motor Company Limited(PSMC) has witnessed a 35 per cent YoY

growth to 70,162 units in 8MFY12 asagainst the sales of 52,067 units in the

same period last year. Highest growthwas observed in the sales of Suzuki Swift

of 86 per cent YoY to 4,500 units as

against 2,420 units in the same periodlast year. Suzuki Cultus under the

domain of 1000cc segment witnessed ahandsome 38 per cent YoY jump in its

sales to 9,573 units in the comparisonof 6,919 units in the same period last

year, followed by Suzuki Alto whosesales also experienced a massive 32 per

cent growth to 9,854 units versus 7,438units in the same period last year. Above

all, Suzuki Mehran and Suzuki Bolanboth segments posted growth of 37 per

c ent YoY and 47 p er cent YoYrespectively.

Indus Motor Company Limited (INDU)witnessed a four per cent YoY growth in

sales to 34,366 units in 8MFY12 asagainst 32,991 units in the same period

last year. Hilux, under pick up segmentled the growth in sales of the company

with a gigantic 88 per centYoY to2,561units as against 1,374 units in the

same period last year. Toyota Corolla

posted an upsurge in sales by six percent YoY to 29,040 units as against

27,423 units in the same period lastyear. Cuore remained as the only

segment of the company whose salesexperienced a substantial decline of 34

per cent YoY to 2,765 units as againstsales of 4,194 units in the same period

last year.Honda Atlas Cars Pakistan Limited

(HCAR) has posted a biggest decline inits sales of 33 per cent YoY to 7,024 units

in 8MFY12 as against 10,444 units inthe same period of previous year. The

plunge in the sales of the Honda carsw as p r imar ily b ec ause of the

substantially lower sales of its bothbrands Honda City and Civic. Sales of

Honda Civic were decline by a massive37 per cent YoY to 2,781 units as against

the sales of 4,446 units while sales ofHonda City were lower by 29 per cent

YoY to 4,243 units as against 5,998 unitsin the same period last year. The main

reason behind the decline in the salesof was suspended operation from

December 2011 to February 2012 on theback of unavailability of the parts owing

to floods in Thailand from where thecompany imports CKD kits.

As far as the market share is concerned,Pak Suzuki Motor Company leads the

market with 63 per cent market sharefollowed by Indus motor company and

Honda Atlas Cars with 31 per cent and6 per cent market share in 8MFY12.

Currently we recommend a HOLDstance on P SMC and INDU ... ..

Monthly salesperformance review

Pak Suzuki Motor Company Limited (PSMC) has witnessed a 35 per cent YoY

growth to 70,162 units in 8MFY12 as against the sales of

52,067 units in the same period last year.

Indus Motor Company Limited (INDU) witnessed a four per cent YoY growth in

sales to 34,366 units in 8MFY12 as against 32,991 units in the same period last year.

Honda Atlas Cars Pakistan Limited (HCAR) has posted a biggest decline in its

sales of 33 per cent YoY to 7,024 units in 8MFY12 as against 10,444 units in

the same period of previous year.

A five-member Malaysian delegation ledby Special Envoy of the Prime Ministerof Malaysia for S outh Asia onInfrastructure Dato Seri Samy Vellucalled on Minister of State/ChairmanBoard of Investment, Saleem H.Mandviwalla to explore business andinvestment opportunities in the country.The High Commissioner Malaysia, Dato’Ahmed Anwar Adnan also accompaniedthe delegation. Dato Seri Samy Velluinformed BOI that a Malaysianconstruction firm Bina Puri Holdings

Bhd had received a letter of intent inNovember from the Pakistani NationalHighway Authority (NHA) for theexpansion of the four-lane Karachi-Hyderabad highway.The same company is also involved inresidential and industrial projects inLahore. The proposed M-9 motorwaywill cost an estimated Rs18.2 billion andthe M-9 will be one of the busiesthighway in Pakistan, with 23,000vehicles approximately every day.....

Malaysian firm to buildKarachi-Hyderabad Motorway




A leading Japanese car assemblerdiscontinued booking of Suzuki Mehran,Bolan and Alto (CNG variants) from Feb11, 2012.Pak-Suzuki Motor Company Limited(PSMCL), whose 80 per cent productionused to comprise CNG fitted vehicles,has asked its authorised dealers toprovide details of any orders in thepipeline by Feb 15.Th e c omp an y ha d sus p e n de dprocurement of kits from importers anda leading manufacturer in the middle ofJanuary. The company is consumingavailable imported stocks or those wereunder import before government`s banon import of CNG kits and cylinders.An official of the company said that thedecision was taken by the firm on Feb11 after finishing available stocks. Thecompany enjoys over 50 per cent marketshare in total vehicle sale in Pakistan.The PSMCL official said that consumers,who used to rely on factory fitted CNGvehicle, would now feel the pinch afterthe discontinuation in booking ofeconomy segment cars, l ike CNGMehran, Bolan and Alto.`Sale of cars may initially come downby 10 to 20 per cent but in the comingmonths sales may dip by 30-40 percent,` the official anticipated, addingthat quality conscious people would faceproblems in getting kits and cylindersfrom conversion centres in the openmarket. Mehran, Alto and Bolan(excluding CNG kits and cylinders) willnow cost Rs40,000-50,000 less butconsumers will have make efforts to getquality kits and cylinders in open marketas black-marketing of kits and cylindershas already started.The price of 50kg gas cylinder with kit

is now tagged at Rs37,000-38,500 asc omp are d to Rs24 ,000-2 7,000prevailing ahead of government`s ban.A conversion centre staffer said that hiswork is going on as the market is facingshortage of cylinders mainly after theban.Those who have kits and cylindersare charging higher rates.Conversion centres claim that they areinstalling government-approved CNGkits and cylinders.A kit importer said that the Oil and GasRegulatory Authority (Ogra) and HDIPmust implement their regulatoryframework to improve CNG conversionsthrough licenced and authorised centresto ensure pubic safety.He demanded lifting of ban on carassemblers` CNG conversions in orderto provide safe, economically attractivefuel option to middle income group.Pak-Suzuki Motors has also initiated acampaign for CNG cylinder testingservice and various authorized dealersare charging Rs1,500-2,500 for thispurpose from customers.The dealers are taking gas cylinders fromcustomers on a one week promise forverifying cylinders from Hydro CarbonDevelopment Institute of Pakistan(HDIP) besides assuring that they wouldget a safety-approved certificate.As per HDIP law, CNG cylinder needsto be tested after every five years forsafety purposes. There is only one HDIPcentre in Karachi to provide safety

certificate to CNG cylinders.Pak Suzuki`s total vehicle productionsurged to 56,744 units in July-January20112012 as compared to 47,153 unitsin the same period of last fiscal year.Meanwhile, makers of Toyota Corollaand Daihatsu Cuore vehicles have notyet discontinued booking of CNG-fittedvehicles.An official spokesperson for IndusMotors Ltd (IMC), Ali Asghar Jamali,told media that the company was takingorders of CNG vehicles (Toyota CorollaXli, GLi and Daihatsu Cuore) due tosome stocks of cylinders and kits in itsh an d. Ho we v er , h e fe l t tha tgovernment`s decision would have anegative impact on sales volume of carassemblers.....

Pak-Suzuki stopsPak-Suzuki stopsbooking ordersbooking orders

The price of 50kg gas cylinder with kit is now tagged atRs37,000-38,500 as compared to Rs24,000-27,000 prevailing

ahead of government`s ban. A conversion centre staffer said thathis work is going on as the market is facing shortage of cylinders

mainly after the ban.Those who have kits and cylinders arecharging higher rates.

The All Pakistan CNG Association(APCNGA) has urged the governmentto lift the ban on import of CNG kits andcylinders and withdraw the import dutyon CNG parts.This was stated by Ghiyas AbdullahParacha the Central Chairman AllPakistan CNG Association while talkingto reporters after having meeting withthe Chief Executive Officers (CEOs) offoreign CNG cylinder/kits makercompanies from Japan, Italy, Argentinaand China.The foreign investors have shownserious concerns over governmentdecision to ban import of CNG cylindersand kits, he said.He said that the ban is affecting thebusiness and disturbing the wholeinvestment amounting to billion ofrupees by the CNG industry and otherstakeholders.....

APCNGA for lifting banon import of CNG kits,

cylinders


Face to Face - Exclusive Interview


Syed Imran touched upon various topicsranging from local and internationalchallenges for the consumer industry.His aim is to bring an internationalstandard battery capable of competingwith and exceeding the very bestbatteries available in the marketcurrently. Following are editedtranscripts of the interview:

Q: In your opinion, what are thechallenges the consumer industry isfacing globally? What kind of mindsetshould one have while competing intoday’s e ve r- changi ng market?Answer: The world around us is everchanging. The growing needs andconsumption patterns of the globalconsumer are a challenge for suppliersand producers the world over. Thrivingas a business in today’s world cannot beas easy as it was ten or maybe twentyyears ago. In aiming to understand thetrends and forces which will shape ourrespective industries in the future, we

ca nnot over look the de mandsconsumers are placing upon us today -it remains our biggest concern.Preparing today for a better tomorrowis the goal we all should work towards,together.Q: What do you make of Pakistan’sbattery industry and what key pointsshould a new market entrant consider

when competing for survival with thevery best in the market place?Answer: Over the years there has beena tremendous growth in the batteryindustry in Pakistan. Consumers arelooking for quality batteries whichprovide durability, performance andvalue for money. Our aim is to bring aninternational standard battery capableof competing with and exceeding thevery best batteries available in themarket currently. We will stick to our

An Exclusive Interview withSyed Imran Mehmood,

CEO Force Batteries (Pvt) Ltd.by Hanif Memon

Syed Imran Mehmood is the CEO ofForce Batteries (Pvt) Ltd. He is anAssociate member of the Institute ofCost & Management Accountants ofPakistan (ICMAP) since 1997 and hasover 15 years of progressive experienceand has held various senior positions inthe P aki stan b atter y i ndustry .

About Syed Imran Mehmood,

CEO Force Batteries (Pvt) Ltd.

Islamabad


Face to Face - Exclusive Interview


brand promise and our customers’ willInshallah have only praises andsatisfaction with regards to a ForceBatteries product.Q: What should the consumers expectfrom Force batteries in the near future?Answer: Force Batteries mean quality,reliability and performance guarantees.When we say guarantee, we mean toensure this by providing a 6 months freereplacement warranty to al l ourcustomers. The future is now, as ForceBatteries are now available in markets.Q: Some say that the battery industry isalready saturated, since Force batteriesis going to be a new entrant in theindustry, what is your vision & missionin catering to the consumer needs of thebattery industry?Answer: We are persistently strivingtowards our mission: Endurance beingour strong point. It is not just a sayingbut a common universal law on whichmost of our science has established itsfoundations. As Darwin puts it in histheory of natural selection, ‘survival ofthe fittest’ - The individuals who bestadapt to the environment are the oneswho will most likely survive. Grantedthe market is saturated, however thissaturation is due to sub-standard batteryproducts being available on a mass scale.We on the other hand have a completelydifferent target market – consumerswho are looking for a top gradeinternational standard bat tery .Therefore we are very confident that theend consumer will not compromise onp erformance and quality whenpurchasing a battery, after all a sub-standard battery will only cost you morein the long run. Force Batteries iscatering to this vacuum in the market

due to theshort fall ofa q u al i tyb a t t e r yproduct.Q: What willbe the mainareas youw i l l b ef o c u s i n gu p o n i no r d e r t osatisfy yourc u s t o m e rneeds anda c hi e v i n gc o n s t a n tsuccess?A n s w e r :

Taking a good look at the market outside, it is easy to notice that inc o m p a r i s o n w i t h t h e o t h e rbrands/names, force batteries ensureshigh quality control and a constant checkupon the material being used for themanufacturing of top quality batteries.Our prime focus is our customers’satisfaction. It helps us build confidencein our self which in return inspires usto keep putting in our 100% for ourcustomers.Q: It is believed that the core values ofan organization guide it through toughsituations. What values & norms doesForce Batteries have embedded forachieving enduring success?Answer: Maintaining our high valuesin order to keep our promise, we followa strict line of guidelines, encompassingour internal strengths. Collaboratedleadership, accounting for the courageto stand tall in a challenging world isthe integral part of our system.Researching market needs andidentifying the ever evolving consumertrends through evaluating consumerresponses allow us to be on step aheadof the competition. Our other valuessuch as integrity, discipline, maintainingquality standards and our brand promiseare the Hallmarks for the future successof Force Batteries.Q: As the name suggests, force batterieswill introduce batteries, but can youbriefly explain the specific product rangebeing introduced?Answer: Force Batteries has a completerange of products which cater to a varietyof domestic and commercial needs. Ourbattery products range from 32AH to240AH. These batteries have beenproduced in various power outputs and

sizes keeping in mind the needs of theend consumer. Therefore we canconfidently say that Force Batteries hasa p roduc t for e very c onsumer.Our batteries are now available in themarket and our consumers willimmediately feel the difference afterpurchasing a Force Batteries product.Q. What is your target market, OEM orDirect Customer?Answer: We are targeting OriginalEquipment Manufacturers (OEM),direct customers as well as institutions.Our aim is to encompass the entiremarket as there is no limit to customerdemands for high grade batteries.Q. Force Batteries is looking to expandinto the international market – How doyou think this will contribute toPakistan’s economy?Answer: As you know we are a homegrown Pakistani company, however ouraim is to expand our business globallysince the product range we are currentlymarketing have been produced toc omp e te w ith b oth l oc al an dinternational brands. Therefore ourcontribution in terms of sales revenue,taxation, foreign exchange earned andjob creation will help contribute to amore prosperous Pakistan. Our hope isthat more Pakistani companies aim tostart exporting to reduce the burden onthe exchequer due to Pakistaniconsumers constantly looking to foreignmarkets for products which can easilybe available locally if we emphasize onquality standards such as those at ForceBatteries.Q. What is the market strategy behindForce Batteries?Answer: Our strategy is to produce andmarket an international standard batterybrand for the Pakistani consumer. Wehave brought in a number of newinnovations in the market and areaiming to set a new trend in thePakistani battery industry. Thereforeour brand image, packaging and qualitystandards are all tailored to match anyinternationally available brand as ourfuture aim is to take Force Batteriesglobal.Q. Are there any other specific productswhich you created solely for thePakistani market?Answer: Yes, the FR30. It is speciallydesigned for 3wheel vehicles such asauto rickshaws and generator sets. As Isaid earlier, every customer is importantto us.



China FAW G roup Corporation,commonly refer red to as FirstAutomotive Works (FAW), is all set tointroduce two light vehicles brandsnamely FAW X-PV and FAW Carrier inPakistan.Hilal Khan Afridi, chief executive officer(CEO) of Al-Haj FAW Motors – the localjoint venture partner of the Chinesegroup – told press media that Al-HajFAW has invested Rs1 billion to set upan assembling plant to start productionof new vehicles. The company hasrecently completed its assembly plantlocated at main National Highway,Zulfiqarabad Karachi.He said that FAW X-PV is 1000cc minivan with a seating capacity of seven plusone, while other one FAW Carrier is alsoa 1000cc mini pickup for loadingpurpose and with a loading capacity of1 ton, which is higher than most otherve hic le s o f the same c ategory .The price for X-PV mini van will beRs.699,000 and FAW Carrier minipickup would cost Rs.609,000. Thecompany said that within a period ofthree years, 100 percent manufacturingwill be done locally.Afridi said that these new additions have

EFI technology and complaint withEuro4 emission standards, which arestill not available in the small Japanesevehicles being assembled in the country.These two small vehicles are a newinduction in the Pakistan’s automobileindustry aimed to provide comfortableand affordable transport to the generalmasses, he added.It may be mentioned that Al-Haj FAWMotors has been actively involved in theheavy commercial auto market since2006.“Our group previously was onlyassembling heavy vehicles. It has nowdecided to start production of smallvehicles as well. We are the secondlargest heavy vehicle provider inPakistan with a 40 percent marketshare,” he said.

Under this project Chinese automobiletechnologies will also be transferred toPakistan in the next one-and-a-half year,he informed.He said that it is the first automobileplant in Pakistan for exclusiveproduction of FAW products and theassembly plant has been equipped withlatest machinery and equipment tomanufacture FAW trucks, Prime Mover,light commercial vehicles and passengercars. The plant has a capacity of 11,000units per annum which can be expandedaccording to the requirement. “We planto further penetrate in the Japanese-dominated automobile market throughintroducing our product line in LCV andpassenger car categories,” he said andadded that the FAW Group is a globalleader in the vehicle manufacturingindustry with a 50-year history ofinnovation.He said customer’s satisfaction is amajor concern of the company andkeeping this in mind they haveestablished a modern service networkcountry wide. “All our FAW dealersoperate on ‘3S’ basis (sales, service, andspare parts). Our initial 3S dealershipnetwork comprises of 11 dealerships in9 cities and we be are planning to expandour services to 15 cites,” he added.Farhan Hafiz, marketing manager at Al-Haj FAW Motors, said that company’svision is to introduce and capturesignificant share of the local automotivemarket by providing quality Chinesevehicles to the customer with full backup support through nationwide 3Sdealer network.He said that the company’s focus wouldbe to change people’s mindset aboutChinese automobile in the Pakistanimarket by providing them quality,durability, after sales support, hencegiving them the best value for theirmoney.....

Chinese auto group to launchlight vehicles

The plant has a capacity of 11,000 units per annum which canbe expanded according to the requirement.

“We plan to further penetrate in the Japanese-dominatedautomobile market through introducing our product line in LCV

and passenger car categories,”

The very first of ‘AL-HAJ’ companieswas launched in 1960 at Jumrud KhyberAgency in District Peshawar, NWFP.Late Haji SakhiGulAfridi was thefounder and first chairman of AL-HAJGroup, a visionary person who had theability to foresee the future and to turnprospective business into accomplishedbusiness goals. The operations initiallyincluded the import and export ofelectronic products, clothes and tyres.Later, the Company expanded itsbusiness and became the main dealerof Hino Pak by the name of AL-HAJ

Motors.The Group is in the process ofcontinuous growth under the skillguidance of Haji Shah JeeGultheChairman of the Group. The proprietorsof AL-HAJ Group of Companies have avery close and friendly relationship withPakistan, Afghanistan & Chinesegovernments and higher authorities.The Organization has grown into fourStrategic Business Units (SBUs), whichare working throughout Pakistan,Afghanistan, China and United ArabEmirates.

About AL-HAJ Group

Announced to launch two light vehicles




The entire auto sector showed a mixedperformance in July-January 2011-2012as compared to same period of theprevious year as sales of cars, two / threewheelers, pick-ups etc., went up, whiletractor and heavy vehicle sales continuedto face drop in sales.Data released by Pakistan AutomotiveManufacturers Association (Pama)revealed jump in car sales to 85,011 unitsfrom 72,580 units despite no productionof Honda Civic, Honda City and SuzukiLiana during December 2011 andJanuary 2012.However, a total of 49 units and 92 unitsof Honda Civic were sold in December2011 and January 2012, thus makingadverse impact on cumulative sales inJuly-January 2011-2012 which slippedto 2,756 units as compared to 3,732 unitsin the same period of last fiscal year.Similarly, 22 and 38 units of Honda Citywere sold in December 2011 and January2012 respectively, thus resulting incumulative decline in July-January2011-2012 sales to 4,235 units ascompared to 5,047 units in thecorresponding period of 2010-2011.Toyota Corolla sales slightly improvedto 24,885 units as compared to 23,740units.In 1,000cc category, total sales rose to16,586 units as compared to 12,945 unitsin which only two Suzuki models wereenjoying monopoly.Suzuki Cultus and Suzuki Alto salessurged to 8,225 and 8,361 units asc omp ared to 6,5 07 an d 6 ,438units.Hyundai Santro productionremained `zero` both in the last sevenmonths of current fiscal year and alsoin the corresponding period in20102011.

In 800cc and below 1,000cc segment,total car sales increased to 32,443 unitsas c omp are d to 2 4,904 units .Daihatsu Cuore sales fell to 2,245 unitsas compared to 3,504 units while SuzukiMehran and Bolan sales swelled to19,375 and 10,823 units as compared to13,817 and 7,583 units, respectively.Analyst Noman Khan at Top LineSecurities linked improvement involumetric sales of Mehran and Bolanfor Yellow cab scheme announced bythe Punjab government and deferredsales from June to July 2011 because ofreduced tax structure in federal budget2011-2012.Due to end year phenomenon whenbuyers try to purchase more cars in newyear, overall January 2012 car salessurged to 13,125 units as compared to9,5 33 units in December 2011.The above f igures showed thatconsumers continued to show theirpassion for locally assembled carsdespite rising import of used cars,increase in car prices on rupee-yenparity, decline in cotton prices etc.Much support to the locally made carswas arriving from ris ing homeremittances.

The decline in sales of Honda cars wasdue to suspension in production owingto unavailability of parts from flood hitThailand from where the companyimportsCKD kits.The maker of Honda car will resumeproduction by the end of this month ofHonda Civic but reports are coming thatHonda City production has been delayedtill April this year.In bikes, Honda and Suzuki salesreached 338,794 and 12,399 units inJuly-January 2011-2012 as comparedto 310,966 and 11,038 units whileSohrab amd Habib bike sales rose to2,381 and 15,959 units from 1,569 and10,959 units.Qingqi and Sazgar threewheeler salessurged to 12,971 and 10,189 units ascompared to 8,209 and 9,104 units.Overall farm tractor sales (Fiat andMassey Ferguson) dropped to 13,034from 38,416 units due to high price oftractors which jumped in April 2011after imposition of 16 per cent sales tax(GST).However, the tractor industry is nowhopeful of improved sales after thegovernment finally reduced the GST tofive from 16 per cent.Overall truck sales (Hinopak, Nissan,Master and Isuzu) plunged to 1,216 unitsas compared to 1,602 units while bussales (Hinopak and Isuzu mainly) fellto 242 units from 298 units.In pick-up category, Suzuki Ravi andToyota Hilux sales went up to 9,269 and2,332 units as compared to 8,556 and1,049 units. Master sales dropped to 14units from 31 units. In Jeep (4x4), SigmaDefender sales came down to 301 unitsfrom 438 units.....

Sale of Tractors,Heavy vehicles down

Data released by Pakistan Automotive Manufacturers Association (Pama)revealed jump in car sales to 85,011 units from 72,580 units despite no

production of Honda Civic, Honda City and Suzuki Liana duringDecember 2011 and January 2012.

The only ONLINE automotive magazine in Pakistanvisit: www.automark.pk




The Economic Co-ordination Committee(ECC) is likely to take up the issue ofbanning import of CNG kits andcylinders by the Original EquipmentManufacturers (OEMs).Indus Motor Company's Chief ExecutivePervez Ghias disclosed this while talkingto a select group of reporters in Lahore.The OEM representatives held a meetingwith the Federal Minister of Industriesa day earlier wherein issue was discussedin detail.The representatives while terming theban an e xp lic it d isc riminati ondemanded of the government toimmediately review its decision.It is pertinent to mention that the OEMimports just 0.2 percent of the totalconsumption of CNG kits and cylinderswhereas commercial import stillcontinued that has created imbalancebe twe en the industr y and thecommercial importers.As a result of ban, the CNG kit and

cylinder prices have reportedly gone upby Rs 20,000 in the market and sameis the case with resale of the usedcylinders and kits, he added.The OEMs were restricted to only importCNG kits who's L/Cs were opened beforeDecember 15, 2011.He further revealed that the Ministry ofIndustry has fully supported the OEMsstance and resolved to put up the casebefore the Economic Co-ordinationCommittee.To a question, he said that PakistanAutomobile Manufacturers Associationdid not oppose including CKD in positivelist, as their import from India could bebeneficial for the local industry.The CKD of the same company havingsame quality would be cheaper, as itwould help save freight cost if priceremains the same, he maintained.The import of completely built unit(CBU) was included in the negative listbecause of strong opposition from the

stakeholders in theperspective of tradewith India under theMFN status.He, however, ruledo u t a n y f e a rregarding the CBUimport from Indiaand argued that itsimport was already allowed from Chinaand Korea that has no significant impacton the local industry.Similarly, CBU import from India wouldnot be cheaper and thus there would beno harm to the local industry, hemaintained.He further contended that there was noconcept of negative list in presence ofMFN status and we would have to becompetitive in the coming days, asnegative list has to be phased out by theend of this year....

Import of CNG kits, cylinders by OEMECC likely to take up issue

Indus Motor Company's Chief Executive Pervez Ghias disclosedthis while talking to a select group of reporters in Lahore.

The OEM representatives held a meeting with theFederal Minister of Industries a day earlier wherein issue

was discussed in detail.

Pakistan Industrial DevelopmentCorporation’s (PIDC) board of directors,on Wednesday, approved developmentschemes of five sector including gems,jewellery, furniture and wooden artcenter that would help boost theindustrial sectors and generateemployment.Federal Minister for Production,Chaudhry Anwar Ali Cheema, whilechairing the meeting of the board ofdirectors of PIDC said, “The Ministry ofProduction is all set to promote anddevelop the industrial sector of thecountry along with putting special focuson uplifting the neglected areas.”These schemes have already beencleared by the PIDC developmentworking p arty (DWP ) and alsorecommended by the board’s financecommittee.Cheema said, “The ministry hopes thatthe establishment of these centers shall

not only play an important role in theskills development of the poor peopleof these areas but will also proveinstrumental in boosting the industrialactivities and making their productivitycompetitive”.Hence, the minister added, theseschemes will contribute in the GrossDomestic Product of the country.Cheema further directed the officials ofthe ministry and the management ofPIDC to make their best efforts indeveloping the respective sectors toachieve ultimate goal of nationaleconomic development of the country.“Time is of the essence and completetransparency needs to be maintained inachieving the desired goals”, he added.An official of the Ministry of Productiontold media, “Although Pakistan has richresources of gems and stones, yet itneeds to come up with an innovativestrategy for proper utilisation of the

resources”.He said, “Pakistan has billions of dollarsexports capacity in the sector. Businessesin this sector could earn huge foreignexchange if they focus on value additionin gem and jewellery instead of exportingin raw form. Currently, its exports areabout $320 million.”The new schemes which got approvalfrom the board include, SargodhaIn d us tr i a l P a r k , R ur a l C r a f tDevelopment Project of Ahan, Lahore,Establishment of Common FacilityTraining & Manufacturing Centre ofFur ni ture P aki stan at G uj r at ,Establishment of Centre of Excellencefor Wooden Arts at Sargodha andEstablishment of Gems and JewelleryTraining and Manufacturing Centre ofP aki stan G e ms an d J e we lle r yDevelopment Company at Sargodha.....

PIDC approves development of five sectors




Clearly, the Capital DevelopmentAuthority (CDA) has been successful inselling the idea of starting diesel-runbuses instead of CNG-run buses to theprime minister after two months ofconsistent efforts.On January 6, press media had reportedthat CDA officials were findings itdifficult to start a CNG bus service giventhe shortage of gas and depletingresources, and its chairman had comeup with a proposal for diesel-run buses.And now insiders in the civic agencyclaim that two days back Prime MinisterGilani called CDA Chairman FarkhandIqbal and asked him to forget aboutCNG and launch the service with dieselbuses. Unlike previous timelines, thistime the civic agency has been given adeadline to get the project runningwithin 15 days.The federal capital has a population ofmore than 1.5 million with a growth rateof four per cent per annum and one ofthe main problems confronting theresidents of Islamabad is non-availabil ity o f c omfortable andaffordable transport system. Islamabadis said to be the only capital city wherethere is no bus service for the citizen –the last private bus service Varan Tourswas shut down in 2002.In July 2010 the CDA had planned tolaunch a bus service within six months,but it could only make abortive attempts.In its budget for fiscal 2010-11, theauthority had allocated Rs10 million forthe air- conditioned CNG b usesproject.According to civic agencyofficials, this time around the PM wasof the view that as CNG reserves werefast depleting in the country thereforethe CDA should go for other options toprovide an affordable bus service to thecitizens.An emergency meeting was called ofconcerned officials of the CDA after thisand they were given the task of meetingthe 15-day deadline.“It is not a difficult task to prepare aplan for diesel bus service in 15 daysbecause there is no significant differencebetween CNG and diesel bus services,”

said the CDA chairman. He said his teamwill definitely meet the target given bythe prime minister.However, some officials of the CDA’splanning wing said it was highlyimpossible for the authority to launch abus service even in a month because thecity managers have to start work fromzero to introduce diesel bus service.“For the last 10 years they were workingon CNG bus service and now they haveto conduct feasibility study on diesel busservice,” an official said.Meanwhile, the district administrationof Islamabad, which is also called thelocal administration, is hopeful thatdiesel bus service could be launched ifits assistance is taken.“We have already worked on plyingdiesel buses but the service could notbe launched due to some reasons,” saidDeputy Commissioner Islamabad AmirAli Ahmed. He said his department andthe CDA could jointly start a successfulbus service bygiv in g some in cen ti ve s to thetransporters. The official said the localadministration was planning to initiatebus service for schoolchildren with 40diesel buses.It has been learnt that many transporters

had shown interest in running busservice in Islamabad but the demandsthey presented before the CDA and thelocal administration were not fulfilledafter which they kept themselves awayfrom such ventures.According to asenior CDA official, dealing with theproject named Bus Rapid Transit, 11companies had expressed interest lastyear in the project out of those five werepre-qualified.Some of these transporters haddemanded land for establishing highpressure CNG stations and some askedthe local administration to enhance faresso that they could meet the high cost ofCNG and other overhead expenses.The CDA sources said the owner of aconsortium was interested in setting uphis own high-pressure gas stations forhis promised 300-bus fleet and quitwhen the CDA refused.However, the real losers are tens ofthousands low-income people who haveto commute between Islamabad andRawalpindi daily and were lookingforward to a good bus service.“Due to lack of public transport service,people use their cars and motorcyclesto reach different destinations thatcreate traffic jams on city roads,” said aresident of F-7, Shakeel Ahmed.Similarly, an office-bearer of IslamabadCitizens Committee, Khalil Sufi, said thegovernment must launch such arespectable bus service in which not onlypoor or mediocre could travel but well-off people could also prefer to use it.

Now it’s diesel-runbuses for Islamabad


Transport Sector - Article


It took Four Brothers to put PakistanRailways, or at least one of its trains,back on track. It will, however, requiremany more than the Four BrothersGroup to sustain a vibrant train servicein Pakistan.To say that Pakistan Railways (PR) ishaemorrhaging is an understatement.Y e ar s o f n e g le c t , i n ad e q uat emaintenance, corruption, and lack of

skilled management brought theRailways literally to a halt earlier thismonth when its employees refused tolet trains run after not being paid theirsalaries and pensions. Pakistan Railwaysis one of several similar assets that havebecome a financial liability instead ofbeing profitable.At present Pakistan Railways isoperating passenger service only onprofitable routes. Short-haul service hasbeen suspended for lack of resources.PR had suspended freight service

completely and has only recentlyattempted to restore freight servicebetween the port city of Karachi and theconsumer markets in northern parts ofPakistan. The table below suggests thatfreight transport was down by 13 percent and passenger transport was downby 8 per cent in 2009-10. While freightservice once generated 30 per cent ofRailways’ revenue, it is now down to

zero.....Source: Pakistan Economic Survey,2010-11Pakistan Railways is facing four major

challenges. First is the deteriorationof infrastructure resulting in theshortage of locomotives. Out of a fleetof nearly 500 locomotives, only 100-oddlocomotives are in service. Eighty percent of PR’s locomotives have brokendown and are in need of repair.According to Railways’ engineers, a largenumber of locomotives are in fact

beyond repair. As recently as in 2008,PR owned 280 locomotives. The currentrolling stock is around 1,761 cars. Thenumber of freight cars is around 17,698.Reports suggest that 80-plus per centof Railway’s bridges are beyond theirservice life and are no longer in a stateof good repair. A Senate delegationrecently learnt that fewer than 20 percent of the machinery in the MughalpuraWorkshop in Lahore is operational thuslimiting the operational capacity ofrailway workshops to repair andrefurbish rolling stock and locomotives.

The second major challenge dealswith the Railways’ inability to purchasefuel from Pakistan State Oil (PSO). SincePR has already exhausted its creditfacilities with PSO, it could no longerpurchase diesel on credit. The federalgovernment has recently doubled thecredit limit for PR, which has resultedin the resumption of fuel supply toRailways’ fuel depots.

Thirdly, because of l iquidityconstraints, Railways could not evenpay salaries and pensions to itsemployees.

The fourth challenge concerns themasses (ghareeb awaam) who never

Pakistan’s firstBusiness Express train

The train may be profitable at 100 per cent capacity where it willgenerate approximately 4.86 million in gross revenue of which

3.1 million rupees will be paid as royalties to PR, while theremaining 1.7 million rupees could cover operating costs

and generate a profit.

by Murtaza Haider




miss an opportunity to destroy the veryinfrastructure that serves them. PakistanRailways over the years has been avictim of the misdirected public outrage.The December 2007 riots after BenazirBhutto’s death delivered a devastatingblow to the Railways. Rioters torched22 locomotives and 140 coaches whileprotesting the death of Bhutto thatresulted in a massive $220 million lossto Railways. The total damage fromrioting in December 2007 was estimatedat $5 billion.While the Railways has continued

its downward slide, the FourBrothers Group decided to step in

and offer Lahore to Karachibusiness class rail service by

operating an express train thatwould still take 18 hours to

traverse 1,250 km. One-way tripon the Business Express train

costs 5,000 ($55) rupees whereasround-trip fare averages around

$99. Within days the FourBrothers Group realized that theidea for a luxury rail service would

not fly. While the train has acapacity of 486 passengers, only

150 boarded the maiden ride fromLahore to Karachi last week. Sincethen fewer than 150 passengershave been riding the luxury rail

service.Given the lack of demand and resulting

loss in expected revenue, the long-termfeasibility of the acclaimed public-private partnership between FourBrothers and the thousands of Railways’unionised brothers is being questioned.According to a news report, the FourBrothers Group is contractuallyobligated to pay 3.1 million rupees toPR for each round trip between Lahoreand Karachi. With 150 passengers onboard, the gross revenue from a roundtrip is hardly 1.5 million Rupees, whichis perhaps not sufficient to cover eventhe operating costs, let alone to payr oy alt i es to PR f or usin g it sinfrastructure, namely track, stationsetc. Even if the luxury train operates at70 per cent capacity, it will generate anet revenue of 3.4 million rupees for around-trip between Lahore and Karachi.The train may be profitable at 100 percent capacity where it will generateapproximately 4.86 million in grossrevenue of which 3.1 million rupees will

be paid as royalties to PR, while theremaining 1.7 million rupees could coveroperating costs and generate a profit.The Four Brothers Group has reactedto the lack of demand by introducing aneconomy class in the luxury train witha reduced fair of Rs 3,500. The numbersI presented earlier suggest to me thatthe train service may be able to breakeven at Rs 5,000. At Rs 3,500, theservice is unlikely to be sustainable andthe train may soon be heading back tothe docks for a long hiatus.

The problems with theFour Brothers train will bebetter understood when we

do a quick comparativeanalysis of what else is

available to travel betweenLahore and Karachi.

Using the Internet, I obtained fare bybus and other rail service betweenLahore and Karachi. Note that if I werea budget traveller, Pakistan Railways’Awami offers the most competitive one-way fare of Rs. 830. For a 1,250 kmjourney, the fare comes to Rs. 0.66 perkm, which suggests it being a subsidizedfare. The budget traveller will not turnto any other mode given the marginaldifference in price. The next step up isagain Pakistan Railways for a full seatat Rs. 2,270, which is still significantlycheaper than Daewoo bus service. Theother two rail options are st il lsignificantly cheaper than the FourBrothers Rs. 5,000 ‘luxury ride’.Notice that the competing modes oftravel are cheaper than the FourBrothers ‘luxury’ train. While thealternative options lack in luxuries, suchas flat screen TV and quality on-boardmeals, the alternative modes make-upfor the no-frills travel with cheaper faresand more frequent service. With onetrain a day, the Four Brothers areoperating in a niche market that maynot be able to compete with the existingalternatives that may slice their faresand offer even more frequent service tomaintain their c ompet it iveness.

While Railways is facing almost insurmountable challenges, itsfate is in the hands of unskilled professionals who have not been

trained in transport management. The result is a consistent declinein service, quality, and liquidity of Pakistan Railways whose

management has done little beyond lobbying the government toraise its debt ceiling.


In travel demand forecasting, a graduatecourse I have taught over the past 12years in Canada, students are trained touse econometrics to develop marketshare forecasts for new transportservices. Such forecasting allows theinvestors to become increasingly awareof the inher ent risks in theirinfrastructure investments. Much oftransport planning in Pakistan is devoidof any investment-grade forecasting,which often leaves investors to assumeunnecessary risks. The ill-fated busfranchise scheme that introduced athousand-plus buses on urban routes inPakistan met the same unfortunate fateas most operators were forced to fleethe urban transit market. I wonder whyin Pakistan governments and businessalike are reluctant to invest in feasibilitystudies but are ready to pour hundredsof millions in projects whose feasibilityis far from certain.The lack of expertise in transportplanning is a primary handicap inPakistan. The university curricula intransport engineering programs isfocused on highway engineering and theplanning curricula is focused on softplanning skills. This has created a skillshortage in Pakistan.In May 2011, I assisted the transportplanning department of the governmentof Punjab in recruiting professional stafffor the newly constituted TransportPlanning Unit. Of several dozenapplicants not a single qualifiedcandidate was available from withinPakistan for transport economist andtravel demand forecasting positions.Similarly, there was hardly any skilledtalent in transport and logisticsmanagement. The shortage of skilledstaff is even more acute in the publicsector, which has the responsibility toregulate, and in Pakistan’s case evenoperate, transport infrastructure andservices.While Railways is facing almostinsurmountable challenges, its fate is inthe hands of unskilled professionals whohave not been trained in transport

management. The result is a consistentdecline in service, quality, and liquidityo f P ak i s t a n R ai l w a y s w h o semanagement has done little beyondlobbying the government to raise itsdebt ceiling. The status quo is certainlynot viable for Pakistan Railways wherea major rethink is in order.

The current political andexecutive leadership ishighly inept to operate

Railways. The conflictingstatements made by the

Minister of Railways andother senior executives to

the Senate and theSupreme Court regarding

Railway’s ability torefurbish out-of-

commission locomotivessuggest that no one is

steering Pakistan Railways.Consider that on January24 Railway Minister Haji

Bilour informed the Senatethat 12 to 13 locomotives

were being refurbished byrailways every month.

Later on January 31, an official ofPakistan Railways informed BusinessRecorder that it would take at least sixto se ve n months to rep air 25locomotives. Earlier on December 27,the Secretary of Railway Board ShafiqUllah advised the Supreme Court thatby January 10, 2012, 221 locomotives

out of a fleet of 494 would beoperational. Meanwhile SecretaryRailways advised the prime minister onDecember 23 that 19 locomotives willbe refurbished in December and anadditional 15 will be brought to servicein January 2012. The Senate or theSupreme Court may want to run an auditof al l c onfl ict ing cla ims aboutrefurbishing of locomotives to determineif it at all makes sense to continue withthe governance model we have forPakistan Railways.I would suggest that privatization shouldbe phased into Pakistan Railways. Whileprivatization is no panacea for a myriadof challenges facing Pakistan Railways,the international exp er ience inprivatizing railways has been morepositive than otherwise. PakistanRailways’ bloated workforce continuesto draw wages, salaries, and benefitseven when the number of operatingpassengers trains has significantlydeclined while the freight train servicehas effectively come to a halt. In the firstphase, freight service c ould beprivatized. Given that it will not affectlow-income passengers in the immediatefuture, Pakistan Railways can learn fromthe privatization of freight service beforeit expands it to passengers service, whichcould be privatized on a route-by-routebasis, while accounting for the fact thatthose who will operate service onprofitable routes will have to subsidisenon-profitable routes.Also, Pakistan may want to considerenlisting foreign skilled experts tooperate Pakistan Railways. Pakistan hasentrusted foreign coaches to train itscricket team in the past. The same couldbe done with Railways where local talentis in short supply.

Murtaza Haider, Ph.D. is the AssociateDean of research and graduate programs

at the Ted Rogers School ofManagement at Ryerson University inToronto. He can be reached by email

at [email protected]



The problems with the Four Brothers train will be better understoodwhen we do a quick comparative analysis of what else is available

to travel between Lahore and Karachi. Using the Internet,I obtained fare by bus and other rail service between

Lahore and Karachi.


Wind-Electric System ComponentsUnderstanding the basic components of system and how they function is not anoverwhelming task. Here are some briefdescriptions of the common equipmentused in grid-inter-tied and off-grid wind-electric systems. Systems vary—not allequipment is necessary for every systemtype.

Wind GeneratorWind turbine: The wind generatoris what actually generates electricity inthe system. Most modern windgenerators are upwind designs (bladesare on the side of the tower that facesinto the wind), and couple permanentmagnet alternators directly to the rotor(blades). Three-bladed wind generatorsare most common, providing a goodcompromise between efficiency androtor balance.Small wind turbines protect themselvesfrom high winds (governing) by tiltingthe rotor up or to the side, or bychanging the pitch of the blades.Electricity is transmitted down the toweron wires, most often as three-phase wildalternating current (AC).It´s called "wild" because the voltageand frequency vary with the rotationalspeed of the wind turbine. The outputis then rectified to direct current (DC)to charge batteries or to be inverted forgrid connection.

TowerA wind generator tower is very oftenmore expensive than the turbine. Thetower puts the turbine up in the "fuel"—the smooth strong winds that give themost energy. Wind turbines should besited at least 30 feet (9 m) higher thananything within 500 feet (152 m).Three common types of towers are tilt-up, fixed-guyed, and freestanding.Towers must be specifically engineeredfor the lateral thrust and weight of theturbine, and should be adequatelygrounded to protect your equipmentagainst lightning damage.

BrakeEmergency Shutdown MechanismMost wind turbines have some meansof stopping the turbine for repairs, inan emergency, for routine maintenance,

or when the energy is not needed. Manyturbines have "dynamic braking," whichsimply shorts out the three electricalphases and acts as a dis-connect. Othershave mechanical braking, either via adisc or drum brake, activated by a smallwinch at the base of the tower. Stillothers have mechanical furling, whichswings the rotor out of the wind.Mechanical braking is usually moreeffective and reliable than dynamicbraking.

Charge ControllerController, RegulatorA wind-electric charge controller´sprimary function is to protect yourbattery bank from overcharging. It doesthis by monitoring the battery bank—when the bank is fully charged, thecontroller sends energy from the batterybank to a dump (diversion) load.Many wind-electric charge controllersare built into the same box as therectifiers (AC-to-DC converters). Over-current protection is needed betweenthe battery and controller/dump load.In battery-less grid-tie systems, there isno controller in normal operation, sincethe inverter is selling whatever energythe turbine is generating. But there willbe some control function in the case ofgrid failure, and there may be electronicsbefore the inverter to regulate the inputvoltage.

Dump LoadDiversion Load, Shunt LoadSolar-electric modules can be turnedoff—open circuited—with no damage.Most wind generators should not run

unloaded. They willrun too fast and tooloud, and may self-destruct. They mustbe connected to abattery bank or load.So normally, a chargecontroller that hasthe c apabil ity o fbeing a diversion controller is used. Adiversion controller takes surplus energyfrom the battery bank and sends it to adump load. In contrast, a seriescontroller (commonly used in PVsystems), actually opens the circuit.A dump load is an electrical resistanceheater, and it must be sized to handlethe full generating capacity of the windgenerator used. These dump loads canbe air or water heaters, and are activatedby the charge controller whenever thebatteries or the grid cannot accept theenergy being produced.

Battery BankStorage BatteryYour wind generator will produceelectricity whenever the wind blowsabove the cut-in speed. If your systemis off grid, you will need a battery bank—a group of batteries wired together—tostore energy so you can have electricitywhen it is not windy. For off-gridsystems, battery banks are typically sizedto keep household electricity runningfor one to three calm days. Grid-inter-tied systems also can include batterybanks to provide emergency backupduring blackouts—perfect for keepingcritical electric loads operating until thegrid is up again.Use only deep-cycle batteries in wind-electric systems. Lead-acid batteries arethe most common battery type. Floodedlead-acid batteries are usually the leastexpensive, but require adding distilledwater occasionally to replenish waterlost during the normal charging process.Sealed absorbent glass mat (AGM)batteries are maintenance free anddesigned for grid-tied systems wherethe batteries are typically kept at a fullstate of charge. Sealed gel-cell batteriescan be a good choice to use in unheatedspaces due to their freeze-resistant


Alternative Energy - Exclusive Article

Alternate Energy Solution(Wind Turbines Part II)

by Muhammad Yakoob Gaziani

MuhammadYakoob Gaziani



Alternative Energy - Exclusive Article

qualities.

System MeterBattery Monitor, Amp-Hour Meter,Watt-Hour MeterSystem meters can measure and displayseveral different aspects of your wind-electric system´s performance andstatus—tracking how full your batterybank is, how much electricity your windgenerator is producing or has produced,and how much electricity is in use.Operating your system without meteringis like running your car without anygauges—although possible to do, it isalways better to know how much fuel isin the tank.

Main DC DisconnectBatter y / Inver ter Dis conn ec tIn battery-based systems, a disconnectbetween the batteries and inverter isrequired. This disconnect is typically alarge, DC-rated breaker mounted in ametal enclosure. This breaker allows theinverter to be quickly disconnected fromthe batteries for service, and protectsthe inverter-to-battery wiring againstelectrical fires.

InverterDC-to-AC converterInverters transform the electricityproduced by your wind generator intothe AC electricity commonly used inmost homes for powering lights andapp lianc es. G rid-t ied inverter ssynchronize the electricity they producewith the grid´s "utility grade" ACelectricity, allowing the system to feedwind electricity to the utility grid.

Grid-tie inverters are either designed tooperate with or without batteries.Battery-based inverters for off-grid orgrid-tie systems often include a batterycharger, which is capable of charging abattery bank from either the grid or abackup generator during cloudyweather.

AC Breaker PanelMains Panel, Breaker Box, Fuse BoxThe AC breaker panel is the point atwhich all of a home’s electrical wiringmeets with the provider of the electricity,whether that’s the grid or a solar-electricsystem. This wall-mounted panel or boxis usually installed in a utility room,basement, garage, or on the exterior ofthe building. It contains a number oflabeled circuit breakers that routeelectricity to the various roomsthroughout a house. These breakersallow electricity to be disconnected forservicing, and also protect the building’swir ing agai nst e lectri ca l f ir es .Just like the electrical circuits in yourhome or office, an inverter’s electricaloutput needs to be routed through anAC circuit breaker. This breaker isusually mounted inside the building’smains panel, which enables the inverterto be disconnected from either the gridor from electrical loads if servicing isnecessary, and also safeguards thecircuit’s electrical wiring.Additionally, for their use, utilitiesusually require an AC disconnectbetween the inverter and the grid thatis for their use. These are usually locatednear the utility KWH meter.

Kilowatt-Hour MeterKWH Meter, Utility MeterMost homes with a grid-tied wind-electric system will have AC electricityboth coming from and going to theelectric utility grid. A bidirectional KWHmeter can simultaneously keep track ofhow much electricity you are using andhow much your system is producing.The utility company often provides inter-t ie-c ap able me ter s at no c ost .

Backup Generator

Backup Generator Gas-Guzzler, "theNoise"Off-grid wind-electric systems can besized to provide electricity during calmperiods when the wind does not blow.But sizing a system to cover a worst-case scenario, like several calm weeksduring the summer, can result in a verylarge, expensive system that will rarelyget used to its capacity and will run ahuge surplus in windy times. To spareyour pocketbook, go with at least twosources of energy. Wind-PV hybridsystems are often an excellent fit withlocal renewable resources. But a backup,fuel-powered generator still may benecessary.Engine-generators can be fueled withbio-diesel, petroleum diesel, gasoline,or propane, depending on the design.Most generators produce AC electricitythat a battery charger (either stand-alone or incorporated into an inverter)converts to DC energy, which is storedin batteries . Like most internalcombustion engines, generators tend tobe loud and stinky, but a well-designedrenewable energy system will requirerunning them only 50 to 200 hours ayear or less.Source: Solar Bridge Technologies



OIL.....The life blood ofyour engine!

Exclusive Car Care - Article

The importance of oil in the engine isjust like blood in your body. Blood flowsthrough all your veins to vital organs tokeep them healthy and alive. Justimagine what would happen if you suffervery low blood pressure or heavybleeding due to serious injury oraccident that could jeopardize yourhealth and life.Now consider the fact with your engine,the heart of your car. At 88 km/h, eachpiston in your engine moves up anddown 35 ti me s a sec on d. Thecombustion chamber can get as high as2500°C with the bearing pressureexceeding over 1,000 PSI. Then thinkabout the reality that the only thing thatkeeps your engine from self–destructingis a film of motor oil thinner than a pageof newspaper. Remember that 93% ofengine wear happens with each time youstart your engine. Keeping your enginelubricated properly will help your enginerun better with less emission and lastlonger.

What does oil do?Your engine oil plays an important rolein keeping your car running smoothly.

It performs multi task and number offunctions which are vital to the life andperformance of your engine. First of all,it reduces friction and wear bylubricating internal moving parts,minimizing power loss. It helps incooling by flowing between the partscarrying much of the destructive heataway. It prevents rust and corrosion ofmetal surfaces by enveloping the waterand acid. It reduces emission, sludge,gunk and debris. It cleans by washingaway abrasive materials from the frictionsurfaces. It seals by filling gaps betweenthe moving parts such as the pistons,the rings, and the cylinders. It absorbsshocks between bearings and otherparts, reducing engine noise andextending engine operational life. Itimproves engine performance and fueleconomy.

Why change oil and filter?The modern engine has many movingparts-hundreds of them- and the mostcommon trait to those parts is that they

are moving inside, alongside, over oraround other parts, and this movementproduces friction and heat. That’s whylubricating oil is so important. Withoutoil, the moving parts would seize up andcease to function. Try a little experimentto see how this works. First, rub yourdry hands together. Now put a littlelotion over your hands. Rub themtogether and see how much more easilythey move. The lotion acts as a lubricantfilm and makes your hands move easierthis is similar to what oil does for yourengine’s moving parts.Engine oil doesn’t wear out but it doesbecome contaminated with carbon,mo i st ur e , b l ow - b y ga se s an dmicroscopic metallic girt. All of theseharmful contaminates accumulate inthe oil and it eventually clogs the oilpassages and filter. High engine heat orunder freezing temperature reduces oileffectiveness. Low sub zero temperaturecauses condensation and during coldstart rich/unburned fuel ends up in theoil sump, thereby re duc ing it slubrication quality. Importance ofengine oil filter is just like kidney in your

By: Mohammad Shahzad S.A.E; D.M.P.

continued on next page


Exclusive Car Care - Article

Monthly Automark Magazine | March-2012 | Page 41 continued on next page

body to cleans and filter your blood,similarly when you change oil and filter,you get rid of the contaminants, and thenew oil has fresh performance additivesfor your engine’s protection. Make surewhen change oil and filter also lubricatechassis, tie rods ends, ball joints, alldoors, locks, hinges and top up all fluidlevel. It’s better to confirm all lights,clean or replace air filter, check all tiresfor leak or damage and adjust airpressure for your safe and economicalmotoring.

How to choose the rightgrade of oil?Selection of engine oil depends on manyfactors. Your car’s maintenance handbook is a right guide to select type andgrade of oil recommended for yourengine. There are two common types ofengine oil in the market, conventionaland synthetic.Conventional oil is natural base oil andmost commonly used in the engines.The synthetic oil is specially formulatedusing non-petroleum oil, un-naturalchemical based stocks-polyaphaolefinand esters. Synthetic oil has much betterqual i ty co mp ar ed to co mmonconventional oil, such as fast flow forlonger engine life, better fuel economywith less emission. However, syntheticoil is more costly than conventional oil.There are two main criteria of engine

oil specifications, such as viscosity andperformance grade. The thickness of oil,or its resistance flow, is called viscosity.

The standard procedure,established by SAE the Society ofAutomotive Engineers USA, is thenumber oils according to viscosityand available in single SAE-30 ormulti grades such as SAE 10W-30.Multi viscosity is a highly desirable

characteristic, the lower thenumber as 10 thinner the oil,

which will flow easily to reachengine’s moving parts quickly andthis is also good for cold startingthat’s why in SAE10W-30 the “W”stands for winter and as the enginegets hot the oil becomes thick as

30.The performance rating is classified by

API (American Petroleum Institute) thisis labelled with a series of lettersindicates its classification as commercialcoded by C mostly for diesel engines(API-CF) or S for service for petrolengine(API-SM). Selected oils carry bothS grading and the C grading, indicatingthey are suitable for use in petrol anddiesel engines, both service andcommercial. Most passenger-car’s withdiesel engine requires oil with both theS and C gradings. You may findrecommended oil grade number on theoil filler cap on your engine or in yourcar’s manual.

How to check engine oillevel?The engine oil should be checked forleak and level more frequently especiallywith the high kilometres engines. Oilshould be kept at the FULL mark ondipstick, although it is safe to drive whenoil level is between FULL and ADDmark, do not drive at low or without oil.And do not wait until low oil pressure

warning light comes on the dash, whichcould be too late to save engine fromdestruction.

First of all, make sure your car ison a level ground and engine has beenshut off for at least few minutes. Thiswill allows oil in various parts of theengine enough time to drain down inthe sump. Now pull the dipstick out,wipe out and re insert. Pull again straightand check level, if it is low check for leakor excessive consumption and add asper recommended oil grade on filler capor in your manual. Do not over fill, thismay cause blue smoke, hard startingand could damage your engine. Oilshould be kept at the FULL mark ondipstick, although it is safe to drive whenoil level is between FULL and ADDmark, do not drive at low or without oil.And do not wait until oil warning lightcomes on the dash, which could be toolate to save engine from destruction. Ifyour oil light comes on while you’redriv ing, This is the automotiveequivalent of a 911 emergency, pull thevehicle off the road as quickly and asyou safely can. A delayed reaction couldkill your engine. Make sure to addenough oil before driving to a nearestdealer or auto shop for finding root causesuch as leak or oil burning and get itfixed to reduce emission and saveexpensive engine.

Tissue Test TipsThe color and texture of the oil can bean indicator of the engine’s internalhealth. Just like a doctor can tell a lotabout your health by taking a bloodsample test. Take a clean napkin, put afew drops of oil and watch its conditionand spreading circle. If the oil isspreading smoothly, is clean andtransparent, this is normal and mostlikely doesn’t require immediatechanging. However, over the time theoil becomes black and thick. Now putthe same napkin in front of yourheadlight with the high beams on, andsee through it for black/dark, dirty,milky and metal particles in the oil. Youcan also use a small magnet to check formetal shavings and other debris whichare often indicators of impending engine

When to change oil?There are many factors to be considered when changing the oil, such as time period,mileage, driving, road and weather conditions. Engine oil is just like all other chemicalswith an expiry life period. If you have 2 bottles of milk in your refrigerator,one is fresh as 2 days old and other is 2 months old, milk in both bottles lookswhite and feels cold, but when you take a small sip you could feel the difference.




internal problems. If you find any ofthese conditions - your engine mightnot last for long. See your dealer orrepair shop for further inspection toavoid major repairs or breakdown.Spotting oil leak before gets worseWithout a doubt, engine oil is the mostlylikely fluid you’ll find underneath yourengine especially from old high mileagecar. Used oil is commonly light to darkbrown or black in colour. Engine oil feelsslippery and has a dirty burnt-rubberor slightly gassy smell. It soaks intoconcrete slowly and leaves a dark residuebehind. Watch for oil leaks or stainsperiodically under the car on yourdriveway/parking spot. If there is apersistent oil leak that you are sure iscoming from your engine, top up the oillevel if it’s low before driving to dealeror repair shop for further inspection andget it fix before level goes down belowthe minimum mark to avoid seriousengine damage.

When to change oil?There are many factors to be consideredwhen changing the oil, such as timeperiod, mileage, driving, road andweather conditions. Engine oil is justlike all other chemicals with an expiry

life period. If you have 2 bottles of milkin your refrigerator, one is fresh as 2days old and other is 2 months old, milkin both bottles looks white and feelscold, but when you take a small sip youcould feel the difference. Over the periodthe oil additives depletes and loss itslubrication effectiveness. Therefore thequality of engine oil is depending on itsuseful life period.Another important factor is your travelmileage. Short trips combined withfrequent idling for long periods of time,such as stop–and–go driving in heavytraffic adds more wear time to yourengine. Remember, the travel kilometeron the odometer is only a reading ofwhen your car is moving, not when yourengine is running at idle. Therefore, anaverage of 25% of the odometer readingshould be added to calculate actualkilometers for oil change interval dueto prolong engine wear period, especiallywhen driving in the congested city. Forexample, if you have 4,000 km on dash,your engine has 5,000 km and as yourcar ages; it needs more frequentlubrication service. Consequently, 5,000km or 4 months (which ever comes first)is the best interval, it is better to be safernow, than sorry later! Check your car

owner’s manual for details under severedriving conditions maintenance.The cheapest form of long mileageinsurance you can buy for your engineis to use top quality, proper oil gradeand to change it at the correct intervalsfor your driving. Regular enginemaintenance spares you the expense ofavoidable major engine repairs, savesyou money and adds more trouble-freeyears to your car with a peace-of-mindmotoring.Have a safe driving… safety always startswith you!

This exclusive article on Tires has beenwritten by Mohammad Shahzad S.A.E.,D.M.P(Automotive Engineer/Doctor ofMotors) He is a Senior Group Managerfor Customer Management Operationswith The Brimell Group, Brimell Toyotaand Brimell Scion in Toronto, Canada.Free advice for Automark readers; pleasedo not hesitate to contact him ats h a h @ b r i m e l l t o y o t a . c o m o [email protected]

Next article: The cooling system…yourengine’s life saver!

The Engineering Development Board

(EDB) has constituted six sectoral

committees for examining budget

proposals received from industry, trade

bodies and business houses.

The selected sectors are auto, steel,

chemical , elec tri ca l machinery ,

consumers electronics and heavy

engineering.

The conveners of the committees have

been selected from the industry, EDB

announced here on Friday.

The EDB has asked stakeholders to send

their proposals regarding amendments

in the Customs Act 1969, Sale Tax Act

1990 and Federal Excise Act 2005, the

Schedule relating thereto and the

notifica-tions issued there-under to their

respective sectoral committees by March

11 for evaluation.

The committees have been assigned to

redress the tariff and other related issues

of the concerned local industry effecting

their competitiveness, further expansion

and entrance in the global market.

The EDB has made it clear that

proposals requiring administrative

actions would not be entertained. Any

proposal received after the deadline

would not be considered and forwarded

to FBR.

The initiative has been named

`competitiveness and eff iciency

improvement exercise` for achieving

the objective of competitiveness and

productivity...

EDB to finaliseproposals for

budgetSale of vehic les is drop ped toconsiderable level after imposition ofban on import and installation of CNGkits.Representatives of Pak Suzuki, IndusMotor Company (IMC), Landi Renzo(LR), Tesla and BRC said OEMs and theC N G ki t man u fa c tur e r s w er econfronting numerous problems afterimposition of ban on Dec 15, 2011 bythe government.During a meeting with Aziz AhmadBilour, Federal Secretary Ministry ofIndustries , Pak Suzuki memberinformed their company was badlyaffected by the decision and sales haveplummeted.Similar, sentiments were expressed byIMC regarding substantial drop in salesof Toyota and Daihatsu brands.It was informed the saving of naturalgas due to the imposition of ban wasvery insignificant, as this would onlysave 0.26 percent of total gas productionannually.

Ban on CNGkits reduces

car sales


Motorbikes have been an affordable &economical means of transportationsince their introduction. Being unstableform of transportation, the safetyconcerns have been always been present.It is a well known fact that motorbikeincidents produce far more casualty ratethan four wheelers does. With thepassage of time improvements havebeen made primarily to the rider’s attirein order to make him safe in case ofaccidents, however very little concernhas been paid to the motorbike itself inorder to make it safer for the people onboard.Recently on a global platform motorbikemanufacturing giants including Ducati,Kawasaki, KTM, Yamaha, Triumph,Honda, Harley Davidson etc. have joinedhands to initiate innovations leading tomake the motorbike a safer means oftr ansp or tat ion . The innovat ingc o n t r i b u t i o n s i n c l u d e t h eimplementation of advanced ABSsystem that help to stop the motorbikevery effectively while not compromisingthe ride stability ensuring the motorbikestay’s on two wheels. Fuel Tank mountedair bags as a passive safety feature forfront on collisions, Xenon corneringHeadlamps to improve night visibilityat steep & sharp turns, Tire pressuremonitoring electronic unit & Intervehicle communication system (concept)are some of the major innovationsconsidering the global arena.

In Pakistan due to the fact thatmotorbike is the means of thetransportation of the masses so the pricehad to be kept affordable to attract theconsumer, so the design parametersintroduced were very simple & haveremained more or less very same sincethe introduction of Honda CD70 in the1970’s. In the era of early 2000 Chinesemanufacturers eyeing the potentialgrowth of demand in the local sectorstarted to invest immensely in this sector& became the source of reducing theprice of the locally available motorbikeunder various different brand names.The local economical financial inflationsaw the increment of car prices & theoil crisis played a hand in hand role tomake the car a dream for the lowermiddle & middle class of our society.Hence motorbike production has seenits peaking in the past 2-3 years as thebasic source of transportation of masses.From the financial year 2008-2009 tothe financial year 2010-2011, themotorbike production has seen a 43.7%growth with the production of 1,610,491units only in the last year.In the year 2008 an overall survey wasconducted by CDGK in collaborationwith HEC, NED University & Universityof Mississippi along with some othermedical institutes in order to estimatethe severity of traffic accidents inKarachi. The results of the survey clearlyindicated that the motorbike was themost hazardous of all the transportationmediums. The statistics indicated 19915minor injuries, 3857 severe injuries &505 fatalities in total. As we can observethat this survey was conducted in theyear 2008 & since then we have seen a43.7% growth in motorbike production,we can estimate ourselves the incrementof injuries to the motorcyclists year byyear till present.Even when the survey was conducted

back in the year2008, the number ofcasualties & injuriess u f f e r e d b ymotorcyclists wereimmense y et nostern action wast a k e n b y t h ea u t h o r i t i e s t oprevent the injury to the rider. The ridervery often neglects the preventivemeasures & the consequences aredemonstrated in the rising fatality rates.The noticeable fact here resides in theignorant behavior of the manufacturersas well. Locally now we have 66 differentmotorbike brands & none has yet madeany attempt to increase the safetyparameters of the motorbike itself,preventing the rider in case of a crashor in order to prevent the crash fromhappening.Concluding the discussion we have toadmit the fact that the consumer of themotorbike is indeed not a veryfinancially stable individual, howeverhuman lives are not compromise ableat any cost, so it is the motorcyclist’sresponsibility to ensure that he keepsproper check of his motorbike’s health,rides safely & wears the protective gearincluding the Helmet in order to have asafer journey towards home where lovedones await. Cheers!

Discussing the Inevitable;Motorcycle Accidents

Motorcycle Sector - Exclusive Article


The statistics indicated 19915 minor injuries, 3857 severe injuries &505 fatalities in total. As we can observe that this survey was conducted

in the year 2008 & since then we have seen a 43.7% growth inmotorbike production, we can estimate ourselves the increment of

injuries to the motorcyclists year by year till present.

by Shahzad Tabish




Taking stock of what's been achievedand inspiring participants to surpassthemselves in the future, that was thetheme of the External Expert conference'Inspiration for Development' held atCBI's The Hague offices on February 29.External Experts from Pakistan, ImtiazRastgar and Zaheeruddin Dar wereamong the invitees for this event.It started with inspiration, in thewelcome given by CBI ManagingDirector Hans Klunder. In his openinghe presented the inspiring TEDxAmsterdam 2011 clip in which HassinaSherjan, a participant in the CBI ExportCoaching Programme for Home Textiles,talked about her inspiring story as agood example of 'people helping for abetter future'. ( http://bit.ly/yWCETt ).Inspiring that's also how it ended, laterin the day, with the concluding addressof Deputy Managing Director and theday's moderator, Dick de Man.The conference was organised to bringtogether CBI's external experts and CBIprogramme managers and inspire. Andit did, in more ways than one, as wellover 145 experts from all corners of theworld, descended on The Hague toensure the day was a resounding success.Thre e key notes sp eake rs, eachinnovative leaders in their respectivefields, inspired and interacted with theaudience. First, Ruud Lubbers, PrimeMinister of the Netherlands between1982 and 1994 and now Minister ofState, Earth Charter Commissioner andfounder of World Connectors, spoke ofsustainable business on an ethical basis,which is more than markets only' andwhat he called the "joyful celebration oflife". He mentioned five dimensions forde ve lop ment: interdep en de nce,sustainability, coping with diversity andthat development is the common causeof politicians, the business community& civil society. He added spirituality asthe fifth dimension.Then Jane Hart, founder of one of theworld's most visited learning websites,explained how modern technology andthe Social Learning revolution isinfluencing, dictating even, how we now

learn from and communicate with oneanother. Finally, professional adventurerMarc Cornelissen recounted how hismany expeditions, including to bothpoles under his own steam, have shownhim first hand the damage we are doingto our world and emphasising theimportance of CSR.Audience participation was ramped upconsiderably in the afternoon in fiveseparate workshops. The themes were"Doing business responsibility or not atall", represented CBI's take on CSR. "Astep forward in making CBI's knowledgetransfer effective", highlighted sociallearning initiatives. "CBI's programmesand the result chain", exploredmanagement for development results."A peer group operation called thebuyer's black box", stressed theimportance of market intelligence. Andin the workshop "Private SectorDevelopment 2.0 and CBI" the externalexperts participated in a roundtabledi sc u ss i on on P r i va te S e c to rDevelopment.The results of the five workshops,already processed and analysed, werepresented by the workshop leadersduring de Man's concluding address.

Looking back on the contribution ofinspiring keynote speakers and the trulyinspiring interaction, De Man appealedto the audience to sustain thisinspiration to meet the diff icultchallenges of everyday on the groundreality and to aim at a 'joyful celebrationof work'.He emphasised that the value CBI offersto entr ep r en eur s and sup p ortinstitutions in the South by sharing ourexperience, concepts and knowledge andour bridge function with marketmechanisms in Europ e offers asubstantial contribution to sustainableeconomic development. We are polarexplorers in our own right.De Man also assured the audience ofCBI external experts that his addresswas not the final word. Follow up andfurther dialogue on the day's theme andproceedings would be continued onLinkedIn (http://linkd.in/yjCxDy) ,while a visual impression of the daywould be available on Facebook(http://on.fb.me/xNnolc).

Pakistani Experts JoinCBI conference

Inspiration for Development

Press Release


TOYOTA COROLLA

Price updated February- 2012

MEHRAN VX 800ccMEHRAN VX (CNG) 800cc

MEHRAN VXR (CNG)

MEHRAN VXR

ALTO VXR

ALTO VXR (CNG)

Rs. 510,000Rs. 576,000

Rs. 562,000

Rs. 625,000

Rs. 727,000

Rs. 796,000

SUZUKIModel Price

LIANA 1.3L RXI MT PETROL

CULTUS Efi VXRI

CULTUS Efi VXRI (CNG)

LIANA 1.3L RXI MT (CNG)RAVI PICKUP ST308R VX

RAVI PICKUP ST308R VX CNG

BOLAN VAN VX PetrolBOLAN VAN VX CNG

SUZUKI VAN CARGO

BOLAN VAN VXR PETROL

BOLAN VAN VXR CNG

Rs. 925,000

Rs. 990,000

Rs. 1,282,000

Rs. 1,351,000

Rs. 589,000Rs. 660,000

Rs. 653,000

Rs. 721,000

Rs. 565,000

Rs. 537,000

Rs. 606,000

SUZUKI SWIFT 1.3L DLX Rs. 1,056,000

Karakoram MotorsModel Price

Chery Standard Petrol Rs. 7,20,000Chery Standard CNG Rs. 7,70,000

Chery Deluxe Petrol Rs. 7,70,000

Chery Deluxe CNG Rs. 8,20,000

Gonow VictorGonow Troy Standard

Rs. 1,499,000Rs. 9,99,000

Gilgit (Double Cabin) Pet.Gilgit (Double Cabin) CNGKaghan XL PetrolKaghan XL CNG

Rs. 3,85,000Rs. 4,20,000Rs. 1,285,000Rs. 1,375,000

HYUNDAI

Model PriceHonda CRV Automatic 2400cc Japan Rs. 5,599,000

Honda City Automatic 1300cc Rs. 1,560,000Honda City Manual 1300cc Rs. 1,419,000

Honda Civic VTI Manual 1800cc

Honda Civic VTI Manual SR (Oriel)

Rs. 1,908,000

Rs. 2,058,000

Honda Accord Automatic 2400cc Japan Rs. 6,467,000

HONDA

Car / Light Vehicle Price ListCar / Light Vehicle Price List

APV 1.5L JL SX MT (CBU) Rs. 1,999,000

APV 1.5L JL DX MT (CBU) Rs. 2,074,000

Rs. 1,788,000

Rs. 1,980,000

Honda Civic VTI Prosmatec SR (Oriel)

Honda Civic VTI Prosmatec 1800cc

Model Price

GLI VVT-i 1.3 M/T 1299cc Petrol Rs. 1,602,500

XLI VVT-i 1.3 M/T 1299cc Petrol Rs. 1,477,500

GLI VVT-i 1.6 A/T 1599cc Petrol Rs. 1,772,500

Model Price

2.OD SALOON MT Rs. 1,809,000

2.OD STD 2000cc Rs. 1,607,500

XLI VVT-i 1299cc ECOTEC Rs. 1,602,500

GLI VVT-i 1299cc ECOTEC Rs. 1,732,500

SUZUKI SWIFT 1.3L DX STD Rs. 1,156,000

JIMNY JLX SX CBU (SN) Rs. 1,974,000

JIMNY JLX DX CBU (SN) Rs. 2,123,000

Model Price

CHEVROLETModel Price

Rs. 569,000CHEVROLET JOY CNG

Rs. 539,000CHEVROLET JOY Petrol

Gonow Troy Deluxe Rs. 1,049,000

DAIHATSUModel Price

Rs. 3,560,000Rs. 3,960,000

Rs. 3,336,000

DEFENDER

STATION WAGON 90STATION WAGON 110

Soft Top 90

LAND ROVER

Rs. 9,58,200CX ECOMATIC

Rs. 2,770,000Terios 4X2 lwb at

Rs. 8,97,200CX ECO (CNG)

Rs. 8,47,200CUORE CX std

Rs. 2,770,000Terios 4X4 lwb mt

Model Price

Hilux Pickup 4x sc

Brand New Toyota Hilux Pickup, 4x2,Single Cabin, (Local Assembled)

Rs. 1,614,500

Model Price

Hilux Pickup 4x4 D/C

Toyota HILUX 2494cc, Diesel TurboCharger Common Rail Engine,4x4 Double Cabin - Standard Model

Rs. 2,489,000

Model Price

Toyota Avanza (Up Specfication) Rs. 2,160,000

Toyota Avanza (Standard) Rs. 1,960,000

ALTIS 1.6L Dual VVT-i AT SUNROOF Rs. 2,022,500

ALTIS 1.6L Dual VVT-i AT Cruisetronic Rs. 1,932,500

Rs. 1,932,500ALTIS 1.6L Dual VVT-i MT SUNROOF

ALTIS 1.6L Dual VVT-i MT Rs. 1,842,500

2.OD SALOON SUNROOF Rs. 1,914,000


150015001500

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MADE IN PAKISTAN MOTORCYCLESRETAIL PRICE LIST

70cc Motorcycle

Retail Price

Rs. 42,500/=

Rs. 41,000/=

Rs. 41,000/=

Rs. 42,000/=

Rs. 40,000/=

Rs. 40,000/=

Rs. 49,000/=

Rs. 39,000/=

Rs. 45,000/=

Rs. 41,000/=

Rs. 41,000/=

Rs. 46,000/=

Rs. 47,000/=

Rs. 41,000/=

Rs. 66,500/=

Rs. 43,000/=

Rs. 40,500/=

Rs. 40,500/=

Rs. 40,500/=

Rs. 40,500/=

Rs. 40,500/=

Rs. 44,800/=

Rs. 40,000/=

Product &

Model Name

Aan AI-70

Asia Hero AH-70

Bionic AS-70

Crown Lifan CRLF-70

Challenger BA-70

Diamond SD-70

Dhoom YD-70

Eagle DG-70

Ghani GI-70

Guangta GT-70

Grace CT-70

Hero RF-70

Hero RF-70 Plus

Habib HB-70

Honda CD-70

Hi-Speed SR-70

Jinan JN-70

Leader LD-70

King Hero KH-70

Moon Star MT-70

Master MD-70

Metro Hi-Tech MR-70

New Asia NA-70

Sr./

No.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

21.

22.

23.

Product &

Model Name

Pak Hero PH-70

Raftar KM-70

Ravi Premium R1

Ravi Hamsafar-70

Road Prince RP-70

Royal Star RS-70

Royal RL-70

Racer AS-70

Safari SD-70

Sakai SK-70

Star DL-70

Sohrab JS-70

Sonica SM-70

Super Asia SA-70

Super Star SS-70

Super Power SP-70

Super Power Delux

Toyo TG-70

Target TT-70

Unique UD-70

Union Star US-70

United US-70

Zxmco ZX-70

Retail Price

Rs. 42,500/=

Rs. 42,000/=

Rs. 47,000/=

Rs. 43,000/=

Rs. 41,000/=

Rs. 41,000/=

Rs. 42,500/=

Rs. 41,500/=

Rs. 40,000/=

Rs. 39,000/=

Rs. 39,900/=

Rs. 41,500/=

Rs. 42,400/=

Rs. 39,500/=

Rs. 41,500/=

Rs. 40,500/=

Rs. 45,000/=

Rs. 41,000/=

Rs. 40,000/=

Rs. 42,000/=

Rs. 42,000/=

Rs. 40,000/=

Rs. 42,000/=

Sr./

No.

24.

25.

26.

27.

28.

29.

30.

31.

32.

33.

34.

35.

36.

37.

38.

39.

40.

41.

42.

43.

44.

45.

46.

MADE IN PAKISTAN MOTORCYCLESPRICE LIST

Price updated Feb-2012



49


monthly automark march 2012

Documents

indiaautomark magazine

pakistans premier magazine

plans of proponentsof

exdirector pak suzukikarachim

andauto sectors

negative listin

pakistans interestand

views andpolicies