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Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 2 1 Control Group Study Group Examination 2 both groups Examination1 both groups Examination3 both groups Intervention Study group Intervention Control group B oth groups s tart diaries Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

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Page 1: Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 2 1 Control Group Study Group Examination 2 both groups Examination 1 both groups Examination 3 both groups Intervention

Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

2

1

Control Group

Study Group

Examination 2 both groups

Examination 1 both groups

Examination 3 both groups

Intervention Study group

Intervention Control group

Both groups start diaries

Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

Page 2: Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 2 1 Control Group Study Group Examination 2 both groups Examination 1 both groups Examination 3 both groups Intervention

INTERVENTION PROGRAM

Esercizio di rilassamento da ripetere 1-2 volte al giornoMettersi su una comoda poltrona con il capo ben appoggiato e lievemente reclinato all’indietro, o distesi a letto con 2 cuscini sotto il capo in un ambiente tranquillo. Lasciare cadere la mandibola fino a quando si raggiunge la posizione di massimo rilassamento (“fare la mandibola morta”). Rimanere in questa posizione per circa 15 minuti. E’ bene riscaldare i muscoli di spalle e collo con una sciarpa calda senza doverla tenere con le mani.

1) Mettersi contro una parete con piedi uniti. Talloni, spalle e capo devono essere ben aderenti al muro. Compiere movimenti ritmici rilasciando e riportando le spalle contro la parete.

3) Mettere le mani a coppa dietro al collo.. Il capo deve essere ben eretto. Sospingere il capo in alto e indietro facendo controresistenza con le mani. Rilasciare dopo 2-3 secondi.

2) Spalle ben aderenti alla parete. Con il capo compiere movimenti in avanti e indietro. (come nel film di Totò)

Esercizi di postura

Esercizio di rilassamento da ripetere 1-2 volte al giornoMettersi su una comoda poltrona con il capo ben appoggiato e lievemente reclinato all’indietro, o distesi a letto con 2 cuscini sotto il capo in un ambiente tranquillo. Lasciare cadere la mandibola fino a quando si raggiunge la posizione di massimo rilassamento (“fare la mandibola morta”). Rimanere in questa posizione per circa 15 minuti. E’ bene riscaldare i muscoli di spalle e collo con una sciarpa calda senza doverla tenere con le mani.

1) Mettersi contro una parete con piedi uniti. Talloni, spalle e capo devono essere ben aderenti al muro. Compiere movimenti ritmici rilasciando e riportando le spalle contro la parete.

3) Mettere le mani a coppa dietro al collo.. Il capo deve essere ben eretto. Sospingere il capo in alto e indietro facendo controresistenza con le mani. Rilasciare dopo 2-3 secondi.

2) Spalle ben aderenti alla parete. Con il capo compiere movimenti in avanti e indietro. (come nel film di Totò)

Esercizi di postura

Page 3: Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 2 1 Control Group Study Group Examination 2 both groups Examination 1 both groups Examination 3 both groups Intervention

Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

2

1

Control Group

Study Group

Examination 2 both groups

Examination 1 both groups

Examination 3 both groups

Intervention Study group

Intervention Control group

Both groups start diaries

Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

Page 4: Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 2 1 Control Group Study Group Examination 2 both groups Examination 1 both groups Examination 3 both groups Intervention

Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

2

1

Control Group

Study Group

Examination 2 both groups

Examination 1 both groups

Examination 3 both groups

Intervention Study group

Intervention Control group

Both groups start diaries

Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

Page 5: Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 2 1 Control Group Study Group Examination 2 both groups Examination 1 both groups Examination 3 both groups Intervention
Page 6: Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 2 1 Control Group Study Group Examination 2 both groups Examination 1 both groups Examination 3 both groups Intervention
Page 7: Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 2 1 Control Group Study Group Examination 2 both groups Examination 1 both groups Examination 3 both groups Intervention
Page 8: Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 2 1 Control Group Study Group Examination 2 both groups Examination 1 both groups Examination 3 both groups Intervention

InterventionIntervention betterbetter

ControlControl betterbetter

HeadacheHeadache

Change fromChange from baselinebaseline

-2·72(-3·71 to -1·73)-2·72(-3·71 to -1·73)

-3·21(-4·37 to -2·05)-3·21(-4·37 to -2·05)-1·26(-2·75 to 0·23)-1·26(-2·75 to 0·23)

-1·76(-3·01 to -0·51)-1·76(-3·01 to -0·51)-3·72(-5·25 to -2·19)-3·72(-5·25 to -2·19)

-6·46(-8·89 to -4·03)-6·46(-8·89 to -4·03)-1·50(-2·50 to -0·50)-1·50(-2·50 to -0·50)

-2·99(-4·71 to -1·26)-2·99(-4·71 to -1·26)-2·56(-4·63 to -0·49)-2·56(-4·63 to -0·49)-3·67(-6·23 to -1·11)-3·67(-6·23 to -1·11)-0·55(-2·07 to 0·97)-0·55(-2·07 to 0·97)

-1·21(-2·61 to 0·18)-1·21(-2·61 to 0·18)-1·93(-5·67 to 1·81)-1·93(-5·67 to 1·81)-3·76(-5·20 to -2·32)-3·76(-5·20 to -2·32) 0·11(-0·31 to 0·52)0·11(-0·31 to 0·52)

-8-8 -6-6 -4-4 -2-2 00 22 44 66

All subjects (n=344)All subjects (n=344)

Women (n=277)Women (n=277)

Men(n=67)Men(n=67)

Age <=45 years (n=170)Age <=45 years (n=170)Age >45 years (n=174)Age >45 years (n=174)

Depression or GAD (n=93)Depression or GAD (n=93)No Depression, No GAD (n=251)No Depression, No GAD (n=251)

M only(n=105)M only(n=105)TTH only (n=76)TTH only (n=76)

M and TTH (n=83)M and TTH (n=83)No M, no TTH (n=80)No M, no TTH (n=80)

Headache, no MP (n=52)Headache, no MP (n=52)MP, no headache (n=31)MP, no headache (n=31)

Headache and MP (n=212)Headache and MP (n=212)No Headache,no MP (n=49)No Headache,no MP (n=49)

SUBGROUPSANALYSIS

Page 9: Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 2 1 Control Group Study Group Examination 2 both groups Examination 1 both groups Examination 3 both groups Intervention

InterventionIntervention betterbetter

ControlControl betterbetter

HeadacheHeadache

Change fromChange from baselinebaseline

-2·72(-3·71 to -1·73)-2·72(-3·71 to -1·73)

-3·21(-4·37 to -2·05)-3·21(-4·37 to -2·05)-1·26(-2·75 to 0·23)-1·26(-2·75 to 0·23)

-1·76(-3·01 to -0·51)-1·76(-3·01 to -0·51)-3·72(-5·25 to -2·19)-3·72(-5·25 to -2·19)

-6·46(-8·89 to -4·03)-6·46(-8·89 to -4·03)-1·50(-2·50 to -0·50)-1·50(-2·50 to -0·50)

-2·99(-4·71 to -1·26)-2·99(-4·71 to -1·26)-2·56(-4·63 to -0·49)-2·56(-4·63 to -0·49)-3·67(-6·23 to -1·11)-3·67(-6·23 to -1·11)-0·55(-2·07 to 0·97)-0·55(-2·07 to 0·97)

-1·21(-2·61 to 0·18)-1·21(-2·61 to 0·18)-1·93(-5·67 to 1·81)-1·93(-5·67 to 1·81)-3·76(-5·20 to -2·32)-3·76(-5·20 to -2·32) 0·11(-0·31 to 0·52)0·11(-0·31 to 0·52)

-8-8 -6-6 -4-4 -2-2 00 22 44 66

All subjects (n=344)All subjects (n=344)

Women (n=277)Women (n=277)

Men(n=67)Men(n=67)

Age <=45 years (n=170)Age <=45 years (n=170)Age >45 years (n=174)Age >45 years (n=174)

Depression or GAD (n=93)Depression or GAD (n=93)No Depression, No GAD (n=251)No Depression, No GAD (n=251)

M only(n=105)M only(n=105)TTH only (n=76)TTH only (n=76)

M and TTH (n=83)M and TTH (n=83)No M, no TTH (n=80)No M, no TTH (n=80)

Headache, no MP (n=52)Headache, no MP (n=52)MP, no headache (n=31)MP, no headache (n=31)

Headache and MP (n=212)Headache and MP (n=212)No Headache,no MP (n=49)No Headache,no MP (n=49)

SUBGROUPSANALYSIS

Page 10: Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 2 1 Control Group Study Group Examination 2 both groups Examination 1 both groups Examination 3 both groups Intervention

Effectiveness of an educational and physical Effectiveness of an educational and physical programme in reducing headache, neck and programme in reducing headache, neck and shoulder pain: a workplace controlled trial. shoulder pain: a workplace controlled trial.

Mongini F, Ciccone G, Rota E, Ferrero L. Ugolini A, Evangelista A, Ceccarelli M, Galassi C

Cephalalgia. 2008; 28:541–552Cephalalgia. 2008; 28:541–552

Page 11: Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 2 1 Control Group Study Group Examination 2 both groups Examination 1 both groups Examination 3 both groups Intervention

PRESS RELEASE

Wednesday 14 May 2008Office initiative reduces headaches and neck and shoulderpain by more than 40 per cent

Office staff who took part in an eight-month workplace initiative reported that headaches and neck and shoulder pain fell by more than 40 per cent and their use of painkillers halved, according to research published in the May issue of Cephalalgia

Page 12: Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 2 1 Control Group Study Group Examination 2 both groups Examination 1 both groups Examination 3 both groups Intervention

Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

2

1

Control Group

Study Group

Examination 2 both groups

Examination 1 both groups

Examination 3 both groups

Intervention Study group

Intervention Control group

Both groups start diaries

Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

Page 13: Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 2 1 Control Group Study Group Examination 2 both groups Examination 1 both groups Examination 3 both groups Intervention

Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

2

1

Control Group

Study Group

Examination 2 both groups

Examination 1 both groups

Examination 3 both groups

Intervention Study group

Intervention Control group

Both groups start diaries

Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

Page 14: Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 2 1 Control Group Study Group Examination 2 both groups Examination 1 both groups Examination 3 both groups Intervention

.Long term benefits of an educational and physical program on headache, and neck and shoulder pain in a working community

Mongini F, Ciccone G, Rota E, Ferrero L. Ugolini A, Evangelista A, Ceccarelli M, Galassi C

J. of Pain 2009 Apr 22. [Epub ahead of print]

Page 15: Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 2 1 Control Group Study Group Examination 2 both groups Examination 1 both groups Examination 3 both groups Intervention
Page 16: Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 2 1 Control Group Study Group Examination 2 both groups Examination 1 both groups Examination 3 both groups Intervention
Page 17: Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 2 1 Control Group Study Group Examination 2 both groups Examination 1 both groups Examination 3 both groups Intervention
Page 18: Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 2 1 Control Group Study Group Examination 2 both groups Examination 1 both groups Examination 3 both groups Intervention

Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

2

1

Control Group

Study Group

Examination 2 both groups

Examination 1 both groups

Examination 3 both groups

Intervention Study group

Intervention Control group

Both groups start diaries

Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

Page 19: Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 2 1 Control Group Study Group Examination 2 both groups Examination 1 both groups Examination 3 both groups Intervention

Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

2

1

Control Group

Study Group

Examination 2 both groups

Examination 1 both groups

Examination 3 both groups

Intervention Study group

Intervention Control group

Both groups start diaries

Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

Page 20: Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 2 1 Control Group Study Group Examination 2 both groups Examination 1 both groups Examination 3 both groups Intervention

Headache

1st Group

2nd Group

Intervention1st Reiteration

2nd Reiteration

Intervention1st Reiteration

2nd Reiteration

0

.2

.4

.6

.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

1st Group

2nd Group

Neck and Shoulder Pain

0

.2

.4

.6

.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

Drugs Consumption

1th Group 192 192 192 192 183 180 178 177 169 166 163 163 161 159 157

2th Group 192 192 192 192 186 180 182 181 178 174 170 170 167 168 165

Days

0

.2

.4

.6

.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330 360 390 420

Od

ds

Ra

tio

Confirmation of the positive effects of an an educational and physical program on headache, and neck and shoulder pain in a working community.

Mongini et al. Submitted.

Page 21: Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 2 1 Control Group Study Group Examination 2 both groups Examination 1 both groups Examination 3 both groups Intervention

Participants: 1913Participants: 1913

Group 1: 917 Group 1: 917

111 Males, 796 females111 Males, 796 females

Group 2 : 996 Group 2 : 996

152 Males, 824 females152 Males, 824 females

Page 22: Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 2 1 Control Group Study Group Examination 2 both groups Examination 1 both groups Examination 3 both groups Intervention

Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

2

1

Group2

Group1

Diaries

Diaries

Intervention Study group

Intervention Control group

Diaries and data collection

Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

Page 23: Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 2 1 Control Group Study Group Examination 2 both groups Examination 1 both groups Examination 3 both groups Intervention

Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

2

1

Group2

Group1

Diaries

Diaries

Intervention Study group

Intervention Control group

Diaries and data collection

Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

Page 24: Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 2 1 Control Group Study Group Examination 2 both groups Examination 1 both groups Examination 3 both groups Intervention

HEADACHE

4.98

7.29

6.467.25

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

0 1 2

Time

Fre

qu

enc

y

Group 1

Group 2

P = .91 P < .000

Page 25: Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 2 1 Control Group Study Group Examination 2 both groups Examination 1 both groups Examination 3 both groups Intervention

NECK AND SHOULDERS

11.29

8.07

10.7

10.13

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

0 1 2

Time

Fre

qu

enc

y

Group 1

Group 2

P = .27 P < .000

Page 26: Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 2 1 Control Group Study Group Examination 2 both groups Examination 1 both groups Examination 3 both groups Intervention

DRUGS

2.95

2.12

2.54

2.91

1

2

3

4

0 1 2

Time

Mea

n

Group 1

Group 2

P = .90 P < .05

Page 27: Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 2 1 Control Group Study Group Examination 2 both groups Examination 1 both groups Examination 3 both groups Intervention

-1.60(-2.17, -1.03)

-2.03(-2.95, -1.12)

-1.61(-2.26, -0.95)

-1.75(-2.42, -1.08)

-1.99(-2.79, -1.19)

-1.37(-2.20, -0.53)

-1.73(-2.93, -0.52)

-0.53(-2.21, 1.16)

-1.80(-2.80, -0.80)

-1.80(-2.40, -1.20)

-1.04(-2.59, 0.51)

Group 1better

Group 2better

Between Groupsdifferences

Females (N=1618)

Males (N=263)

Age<=45 (N=717)

Age>45 (N=1164)

Office Workers (N=780)

Educative/Social employees (N=797)

Traffic Polices (N=153)

Other workers (N=151)

High Level Educ. (N=288)

Intermediate Level Educ. (N=1317)

Low Level Educ. (N=276)

-4 -2 0 2

HEADACHE

Page 28: Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 2 1 Control Group Study Group Examination 2 both groups Examination 1 both groups Examination 3 both groups Intervention

HEADACHE

-1.94(-3.06, -0.81)

-2.66(-3.47, -1.85)

-1.39(-2.46, -0.33)

-0.13(-0.90, 0.65)

-1.00(-1.94, -0.06)

-0.15(-1.36, 1.07)

-2.17(-2.88, -1.45)

-0.23(-0.44, -0.03)

Group 1

better

Group 2

better

Between Groups

differences

M only (N=541)

TTH only (N=430)

M and TTH (N=669)

No M, No TTH (N=241)

Headache, no MP (N=313)

MP, no headache (N=144)

Headache and MP (N=1327)

No Headache,no MP (N=97)

-4 -2 0 2

Page 29: Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 2 1 Control Group Study Group Examination 2 both groups Examination 1 both groups Examination 3 both groups Intervention

Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

2

1

Group2

Group1

Diaries

Diaries

Intervention Study group

Intervention Control group

Diaries and data collection

Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

Page 30: Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 2 1 Control Group Study Group Examination 2 both groups Examination 1 both groups Examination 3 both groups Intervention

HEADACHE

4.98

7.29

6.467.25

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

0 1 2

Time

Fre

qu

enc

y

Group 1

Group 2

P = .91 P < .000

Page 31: Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 2 1 Control Group Study Group Examination 2 both groups Examination 1 both groups Examination 3 both groups Intervention

HEADACHE

4.794.98

7.29

6.46

5.45

7.25

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

0 1 2

Time

Fre

qu

enc

y

Group 1

Group 2

P = .91 P < .000 P = .06

Page 32: Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 2 1 Control Group Study Group Examination 2 both groups Examination 1 both groups Examination 3 both groups Intervention

NECK AND SHOULDERS

11.29

8.07

10.7

10.13

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

0 1 2

Time

Fre

qu

enc

y

Group 1

Group 2

P = .27 P < .000

Page 33: Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 2 1 Control Group Study Group Examination 2 both groups Examination 1 both groups Examination 3 both groups Intervention

NECK AND SHOULDERS

11.29

7.47

8.07

10.7

10.13

8.13

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

0 1 2

Time

Fre

qu

enc

y

Group 1

Group 2

P = .27 P < .000 P = .20

Page 34: Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 2 1 Control Group Study Group Examination 2 both groups Examination 1 both groups Examination 3 both groups Intervention

DRUGS

2.95

2.12

2.54

2.91

1

2

3

4

0 1 2

Time

Mea

n

Group 1

Group 2

P = .90 P < .05

Page 35: Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 2 1 Control Group Study Group Examination 2 both groups Examination 1 both groups Examination 3 both groups Intervention

DRUGS

2.95

2.12

1.89

2.54

2.002.91

1

2

3

4

0 1 2

Time

Mea

n

Group 1

Group 2

P = .90 P < .05 P = .57

Page 36: Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 2 1 Control Group Study Group Examination 2 both groups Examination 1 both groups Examination 3 both groups Intervention

BiofeedbackBiofeedback

TENSTENS

ExercisesExercises

Physical activityPhysical activity

Trigger/tender points injectionTrigger/tender points injection

Cold sprayCold spray

Page 37: Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 2 1 Control Group Study Group Examination 2 both groups Examination 1 both groups Examination 3 both groups Intervention

BIOFEEDBACK

Page 38: Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 2 1 Control Group Study Group Examination 2 both groups Examination 1 both groups Examination 3 both groups Intervention

TENS

Page 39: Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 2 1 Control Group Study Group Examination 2 both groups Examination 1 both groups Examination 3 both groups Intervention

Trigger/tender points injectionTrigger/tender points injection

Page 40: Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 2 1 Control Group Study Group Examination 2 both groups Examination 1 both groups Examination 3 both groups Intervention
Page 41: Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 2 1 Control Group Study Group Examination 2 both groups Examination 1 both groups Examination 3 both groups Intervention
Page 42: Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 2 1 Control Group Study Group Examination 2 both groups Examination 1 both groups Examination 3 both groups Intervention

• Ampliamento e rimodulazione del protocollo di raccolta dati, analisi clinica e terapia delle cefalalgie

• Applicazione del programma sul territorio a fini di prevenzione

Page 43: Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 2 1 Control Group Study Group Examination 2 both groups Examination 1 both groups Examination 3 both groups Intervention

• Ampliamento e rimodulazione del protocollo di raccolta dati, analisi clinica e terapia delle cefalalgie

• Applicazione del programma sul territorio a fini di prevenzione

Page 44: Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 2 1 Control Group Study Group Examination 2 both groups Examination 1 both groups Examination 3 both groups Intervention

Torino

Page 45: Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 2 1 Control Group Study Group Examination 2 both groups Examination 1 both groups Examination 3 both groups Intervention

Grazie!Grazie!