Monday, March 26th

Review Room is opened again to review

the second exam through Friday, March

30th in the American Heritage review

room 173 A SWKT

Don’t forget to work on your Citizenship

projects. They are due in labs next

week!

Average 71%

Exam Distribution

82% and above is the A range

74% to 81% is the B range

63% to 73% is the C range

62% and down is D range and below

American Exceptionalism

Does America have a unique

mission in the world?

American Exceptionalism “There never was a Generation that did so perfectly

shake off the dust of Babylon, both as to

Ecclesiastical and civil Constitution, as the first

Generation of Christians that came unto this land for

the Gospel’s sake, where was there ever a place so

like unto New Jerusalem as New-England hath

been? It was once Dr. Twiss his opinion that when

new-Jerusalem should come down from Heaven

America would be the Seat of it. Truly that such a

Type and emblem of new-Jerusalem, should be

erected in so dark a corner of the world, is matter of

deep meditation and admiration.”

Increase Mather, May 1677

iClicker quiz: America is “exceptional,” or

different in a positive way, from other

national because of its:

A) Religiosity

B) Optimism

C) Willingness to take risks

D) Openness

E) America is not essentially different

from other countries

Contradictory strains:

Isolationism and Moral Leadership

George Washington on

America’s role in the World

“Why, by interweaving

our destiny with that of

any part of Europe,

entangle our peace and

prosperity in the toils of

European ambition,

rivalship, interest,

humor, or caprice?”

George Washington,

“Farewell Address”

Thomas Jefferson on

America’s role in the world

“The last hope of

human liberty rests

on us.”

Thomas Jefferson

Manifest Destiny: Settlement and

Displacement

European Imperialism

American Imperialism The Monroe Doctrine, 1823

Western hemisphere closed to European colonization

The Spanish American War, 1898

Theodore Roosevelt’s Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine “Chronic wrongdoing, or an impotence which

results in a general loosening of the ties of civilized society, may . . . require intervention by some civilized nation, and in the Western Hemisphere the adherence of the United States to the Monroe Doctrine may force the United States, however reluctantly . . . to the exercise of an international police power.”

Rejecting Imperialism

Woodrow Wilson: “Making the world

safe for democracy”

Franklin D. Roosevelt: The “Four

Freedoms”

The American Role in the

World

Making the World Safe for

Democracy

World War II

Isolationism or moral leadership?

Charles A. Lindbergh

FDR, State of the Union address,

Jan. 6, 1941: The “Four Freedoms”

In the future days which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms.

Freedom of Speech

The first is freedom of

speech and expression --

everywhere in the world.

Freedom to Worship

The second is

freedom of every

person to worship

God in his own way--

everywhere in the

world.

Freedom from Want

The third is freedom

from want, which,

translated into world

terms, means

economic

understandings which

will secure to every

nation a healthy

peacetime life for its

inhabitants--

everywhere in the

world.

Freedom from Fear The fourth is freedom

from fear, which,

translated into world

terms, means a world-

wide reduction of

armaments to such a

point and in such a

thorough fashion that no

nation will be in a position

to commit an act of

physical aggression

against any neighbor--

anywhere in the world.

Fighting for an Ideal, not for Empire That is no vision of a distant millennium. It is a definite

basis for a kind of world attainable in our own time and generation. That kind of world is the very antithesis of the so-called "new order" of tyranny which the dictators seek to create with the crash of a bomb.

To that new order we oppose the greater conception--the moral order. A good society is able to face schemes of world domination and foreign revolutions alike without fear. Since the beginning of our American history we have been engaged in change, in a perpetual, peaceful revolution, a revolution which goes on steadily, quietly, adjusting itself to changing conditions without the concentration camp or the quicklime in the ditch.

The world order which we seek is the cooperation of free

countries, working together in a friendly, civilized society.

This nation has placed its destiny in the hands, heads and

hearts of its millions of free men and women, and its faith in

freedom under the guidance of God. Freedom means the

supremacy of human rights everywhere. . . .

-- FDR, “Four Freedoms,” 1941

The Berlin Airlift, 1948-49: “Candy

Bomber” Gail S. Halvorsen of Provo, UT

Gordon B. Hinckley on

America’s role in the world

“Out of all the terrible sacrifices of the First World War and the Second World War, and subsequent wars, this nation has not reached out for territory to hold, but has been magnanimous in assisting those who have been impoverished by the costs of conflict. What other nation on the face of the earth has done what the American people did under the Marshall plan for the rehabilitation of Europe?”

“We have reached out and paid a terrible price to help those of other nations. The world is so much the better, I firmly believe, for the presence of the United States of America.”

America in the World Today

The challenge of Iraq

Moral leadership?

McCain on Torture “What I do mourn is what we lose when by

official policy or official neglect we allow, confuse or encourage our soldiers to forget that best sense of ourselves, that which is our greatest strength--that we are different and better than our enemies, that we fight for an idea, not a tribe, not a land, not a king, not a twisted interpretation of an ancient religion, but for an idea that all men are created equal and endowed by their Creator with inalienable rights.” Senator John McCain, Newsweek, Nov. 21, 2005

Self-interest or Virtue?

The necessity of a virtuous

citizenry

“We have to keep winning the peace in

every generation by emphasizing over and

over the fundamental need for virtue in the

human heart.”

Jeffrey R. Holland, “Except the Lord Build The

House,” 1996

Free Market vs Government

Intervention

Innovation

Competition

Security

Protection

The problem with markets

Amoral: The market rewards

productivity and nothing else

The example of Walmart

“To what extent should we stand aside,

. . . and do all we can to squeeze out

yet more inefficiencies, and to what

extent should we lean against the

current for the sake of values that global

markets can’t supply?”

Thomas Friedman, The World is Flat, p.

204