molecular machines links updated jan 2009
DESCRIPTION
Since I posted myearlier powerpoint the video links have been changed or deleted. If you want this powerpoint for your own use you should download the videos into a folder and change the hyperlinks.TRANSCRIPT
Molecular Machines PowerPoint PresentationBy Doug [email protected]
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Molecular Machines PowerPoint PresentationBy Doug [email protected]
Keiichi NAMBA Project Director
Dynamic NanoMachine Project, ICORP, Japan Science and Technology Corporation
"An enormous number of those macromolecules play each role just like purposefully designed machines and maintain the complex network activities “
“We have always underestimated cells. … The entire cell can be viewed as a factory that contains an elaborate network of interlocking assembly lines, each of which is composed of a set of large protein machines. … Why do we call the large protein assemblies that underlie cell function protein machines? Precisely because, like machines invented by humans to deal efficiently with the macroscopic world, these protein assemblies contain highly coordinated moving parts.” The Cell as a Collection of Protein Machines: Preparing the Next Generation of Molecular Biologists," Cell, 92 (February 8, 1998): 291.
Bruce Alberts, President, National
Academy of Sciences
The late Nobel laureate
Francis Crick,
co-discoverer of DNA's structure and an outspoken critic of
religion,
"Biologists must constantly keep in mind that what they see was not designed but rather evolved."
Ø Can’t be design ! Can’t be design ! Can’t be design ! Can’t be design ! Can’t be design ! Can’t be design ! Can’t be design ! Can’t be design ! Can’t be design ! Can’t be design !
Animated Slide
The late Nobel laureate
Francis Crick,
co-discoverer of DNA's structure and an outspoken critic of
religion,
Crick himself ultimately arrived at the theory of “panspermia” — in which he speculated that life was delivered to the earth from other galaxies. Animated Slide
Is design is just an illusion?
Richard Dawkins – A Preeminent Scientist
– and the world most prominent atheist
"Biology is the study of complicated things that give the appearance of having been designed for a purpose.”
Richard Dawkins, The Blind Watchmaker (New York: W.W. Norton & Company, ), page 1
EnemiesOf ReasonBBC TV
Could his Atheism influence his Science?
Animated Slide
Richard Dawkins
"It is absolutely safe to say that if you meet somebody who claims not to believe in evolution, that person is ignorant, stupid or insane (or wicked, but I'd rather not consider that)."
Richard Dawkins, "Put Your Money on Evolution" New York Times, April 9, 1989, sec. 7, p34
“The God of the Old Testament is arguably the most unpleasant character in all fiction: jealous and proud of it; a petty, unjust, unforgiving control-freak; a vindictive, bloodthirsty ethnic cleanser; a misogynistic, homophobic, racist, infanticide, genocidal, filicidal, pestilential, megalomaniacal, sadomasochistic, capriciously malevolent bully.” Richard Dawkins, “The God Delusion " New York Times, p. 51
Do all biologists and scientists Do all biologists and scientists really believe that design is just really believe that design is just an illusion ?an illusion ?
,
A molecular biologist working on identifying genetic controls for diseases was interviewed
by George Caylor of The Ledger, Lynchburg, Virginia.
His article entitled, “The Biologist,” appeared on
February 17, 2000.
,
G: “Do you believe that the information evolved?”
J: “George, nobody I know in my profession believes it evolved. It was engineered by ‘genius beyond genius,’ and such information could not have been written any other way. The paper and ink did not write the book! Knowing what we know, it is ridiculous to think otherwise.”
G: “Have you ever stated that in a public lecture, or in any public writings?”
,
J: “No. I just say it evolved. To be a molecular biologist requires one to hold on to two insanities at all times. One, it would be insane to believe in evolution when you can see the truth for yourself. Two, it would be insane to say you don’t believe in evolution. All government work, research grants, papers, big college lectures – everything would stop. I’d be out of a job, or relegated to the outer fringes where I couldn’t earn a decent living.”
,
G: “I hate to say it, but that sounds intellectually dishonest.”
J: “The work I do in genetic research is honorable. We will find the cures to many of mankind’s worst diseases. But in the meantime, we have to live with the ‘elephant in the living room’.”
G: “What elephant?”
,
J: “Creation design. It’s like an elephant in the living room. It moves around, takes up an enormous amount of space, loudly trumpets, bumps into us, knocks things over, eats a ton of hay, and smells like an elephant. And yet we have to swear it isn’t there!”
Animated Slide
To argue against …the watchmaker analogy made famous by William Paley in his book Natural Theology.
Paley, more than fifty years before Charles Darwin published The Origin of Species, held that the complexity of living organisms was evidence of the existence of a divine Creator.
Why did Dawkins write this book ?
“Natural selection, the blind, unconscious, automatic process which Darwin discovered, ... is the explanation for the existence and apparently purposeful form of all life, has no purpose in mind. It has no mind and no mind's eye. It does not plan for the future. It has no vision, no foresight, no sight at all. If it can be said to play the role of watchmaker in nature, it is the blind watchmaker.”
“We shall look at a particular example and shall conclude that, when it comes to complexity and beauty of design, Paley hardly even began to state the case.”
NATURAL THEOLOGYBY
WILLIAM PALEY, D.D.TWELFTH EDITION 1809
In crossing a heath, suppose I pitched my foot against a stone, and were asked how the stone came to be there;
I might possibly answer, that, for any thing I knew to the contrary, it had lain there for ever: nor would it perhaps be very easy to show the absurdity of this answer.
But suppose I had found a watch upon the ground, and it should be inquired how the watch happened to be in that place;
NATURAL THEOLOGY BY WILLIAM PALEYWe recognize design in the watch because:
its ... parts are framed and put together for a purpose, … they are so formed and adjusted as to produce motion, and that motion so regulated as to point out the hour of the day; ...
if the different parts had been differently shaped from what they are,
[or] of a different size from what they are,
or placed after any other manner,
or in any other order, ...
[or where made of a dissimilar material ] …
either no motion at all would have been carried on ..., or none which would have answered the use that is now served by it.
NATURAL THEOLOGY BY WILLIAM PALEYWe would still believed the watch was designed:
if there were a few parts ... which we could not discover [the purpose of]...
[If] disorder, or decay of the parts [occurred or had occurred over time]
[if] we had never seen a watch made; ...
[if] we had never known an artist capable of making one; ...
[if] there were parts which might be spared, without prejudice to the movement of the watch
it possessed the unexpected property of producing, in the course of its movement, another watch like itself [by] a complex adjustment of lathes, files, and other tools …
Does Life as a purpose ?
Bible: … Be fruitful, and multiply, and fill the earth …
Biology : … Survival of the fittest to produce offspring …
Do the components appear to be designed ?
Complex … Composed of many very specific parts that must fit together and work together in a precise way to perform a function.
Specific … The materials and shapes are highly specific and do not form under natural conditions.
Irreducible … Most components if removed would stop the watch completely. Natural selection cannot preserve a non-functioning watch waiting for the last part to evolve.
Highly Ordered… If the parts were placed in a different order they would not function. Random forces act to undo this order and if undone random forces will not put it back together.
If I a can imagine a way it could happen by random processes alone, no matter how illogical, unlikely or counter- intuitive, it must therefore happen … if given enough time. No other explanation is needed.
Animated Slide
How many watch parts would you need to throw in a box or in the ocean?
How long would you have to shake itor swirl it, until it assembled a watch?
SIMPLESIMPLE
ComplexComplex
Is it important who gets the glory ?Is it important who gets the glory ?Genesis 1:31 And God saw every thing that he had made, and, behold, it was very good.
Psalms 148:5 Let them praise the name of the LORD: for he commanded, and they were created.
Isaiah 41:20 That they may see, and know, and consider, and understand together, that the hand of the LORD hath done this, and the Holy One of Israel hath created it.
Isaiah 45:18 For thus saith the LORD that created the heavens; God himself that formed the earth and made it; he hath established it, he created it not in vain, he formed it to be inhabited: I am the LORD; and there is none else.
Revelation 4:11 Thou art worthy, O Lord, to receive glory and honour and power: for thou hast created all things, and for thy pleasure they are and were created.
Job 10:8 Thine hands have made me and fashioned me together round about; ...
Job 33:4 The spirit of God hath made me, and the breath of the Almighty hath given me life.
Psalms 33:6 By the word of the LORD were the heavens made; and all the host of them by the breath of his mouth.
Psalms 46:10 Be still, and know that I am God: I will be exalted among the heathen, I will be exalted in the earth.
Psalms 94:9 He that planted the ear, shall he not hear? he that formed the eye, shall he not see?
Psalms 95:5-6 The sea is his, and he made it: and his hands formed the dry land. O come, let us worship and bow down: let us kneel before the LORD our maker.
What if we looked at the facts and considered the evidence ourselves ?
Just for a moment,Just for a moment,may we consider the may we consider the possibility that living possibility that living
organisms appear organisms appear designed because designed because they actually werethey actually were
designed ?designed ? Animated Slide
DNA Replication DNA TranslationDNA Structure
www.DNAtube.com
DNA and RNA Structure
√ Jan 2009
DNA Replication Overview
www.DNAtube.com
√ Jan 2009
DNA Transcription Overview
www.DNAtube.com
√ Jan 2009
www.DNAtube.com
DNA Translation Overview
√ Jan 2009
DNA Packagingwww.DNAtube.com
√ Jan 2009
Histone Controlling Gene Expression
www.DNAtube.com
√ Jan 2009
Histone Molecular Animation
www.wehi.edu.au/education/wehi-tv
√ Jan 2009
Helicase Unwinds DNA
www.DNAtube.com
√ Jan 2009
Topoisomerase Solves a Knotty Problem
www.DNAtube.com
√ Jan 2009
More EnzymesRequired
www.DNAtube.com
√ Jan 2009
Replication ForkMolecular Animation
www.DNAtube.com
√ Jan 2009
More Enzymes to Identify and Repair Errors
www.DNAtube.com
√ Jan 2009
DNA Repair Enzymes www.DNAtube.com
√ Jan 2009
RNA RNA TranscriptionTranscription
www.DNAtube.com
√ Jan 2009
Transcription Enzymes
www.DNAtube.com
√ Jan 2009
RNA TranscriptionRNA TranscriptionMolecular AnimationMolecular Animation
www.wehi.edu.au/education/wehi-tv
√ Jan 2009
3 Types of RNA3 Types of RNAProduced from DNAProduced from DNA
www.DNAtube.com
√ Jan 2009
Introns Edited from Introns Edited from RNA andRNA and
Exons Spliced Exons Spliced togethertogether
www.DNAtube.com
√ Jan 2009
20 Different 20 Different tRNA’s matchtRNA’s matchAmino Acids Amino Acids
to to mRNA CodonsmRNA Codons
Amino AcidName
Triplet Code or Codon
3-Letter Nickna
me
Glycine GGT,GGC,GGA,GGG Gly
Alanine GCT,GCC,GCA,GCG Ala
Valine GTT,GTC,GTA,GTG Val
Leucine TTG,TTA,CTT,CTC,CTA,CTG Leu
Isoleucine ATT,ATC,ATA Ileu
Serine TCT,TCC,TCA,TCG,AGT,AGC Ser
Threonine ACT,ACC,ACA,ACG Thr
Cysteine TGT,TGC Cys
Methionine ATG Met
Glutamic Acid GAA,GAG Glu
Aspartic Acid GAT,GAC,AAT,AAC Asp
Lysine AAA,AAG Lys
Arginine CGT,CGC,CGA,CGG,AGA,AGG Arg
Asparagine AAT,AAC Asn
Glutamine GAA,GAG Gln
Phenylalanine TTT,TTC Phe
Tyrosine TAT, TAC Tyr
Tryptophan TGG Trp
Proline CCT,CCC,CCA,CCG Pro
Terminator TAA,TAG,TGA End
20 types of Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetases match 20 different amino acids
to tRNA’s with the correct anti-codon.
tRNA’s
RibosomesRibosomes
www.DNAtube.com
√ Jan 2009
tRNAs loaded intotRNAs loaded intoRibosome Ribosome
www.DNAtube.com √ Jan 2009
www.DNAtube.com
Elongation Factor TuMoves tRNA into Ribosome
√ Jan 2009
RNA translated to RNA translated to Polypeptide ChainPolypeptide Chain
www.wehi.edu.au/education/wehi-tv
√ Jan 2009
Protein Folding Protein Folding
www.DNAtube.com
√ Jan 2009
DNA Structure http://www.dnatube.com/video/368/DNA-Structurehttp://www.dnatube.com/video/1358/DNA-Structurehttp://www.dnatube.com/video/1017/Compare-DNA-and-RNA-in-structural-basis
DNA Replicationhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/335/DNA-Replicationhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/442/Dna-Replicationhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/452/Medical-animation-of-DNAhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/1019/DNA-Replication-Process
DNA Transcriptionhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/356/Transcription
DNA Translationhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/355/Translationhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/1099/The-wonders-of-a-tiny-cell
3D structure of chromosomewww.DNAtube.comhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/47/3D-structure-of-chromosome
Histones WEHI-TVhttp://www.wehi.edu.au/education/wehi-tv/dna/index.htmlhttp://www.wehi.edu.au/education/wehi-tv/dna/wrapping.htmlhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/960/Histone-Deacetylation
DNA Helicase structure and functionwww.DNAtube.comhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/56/DNA-Helicase-structure-and-function
DNA uncoiling Topoisomerasewww.DNAtube.comhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/283/Topoisomerases
DNA Replication Enzymeswww.DNAtube.comhttp://www.dnatube.com/view_video2.php?viewkey=0a2dee1861dc3ad3316c
DNA Replication Forkwww.DNAtube.comhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/1018/Molecular-Visualization-of-DNA
DNA Repair Enzymes www.DNAtube.comhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/296/DNA-Mismatch-Repairhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/304/DNA-Mismatch-Repairhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/1115/DNA-repair
DNA Transcription Factorswww.DNAtube.comhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/240/Transcription
DNA Transcription Animation WEHI-TVhttp://www.wehi.edu.au/education/wehi-tv/dna/index.htmlhttp://www.wehi.edu.au/education/wehi-tv/dna/dogma2.html
3 Types of RNAwww.DNAtube.comhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/354/Protein-Synthesis
mRNA Splicingwww.DNAtube.comhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/1097/mRNA-splicing
70s Ribosome fMet-tRNA Complexwww.DNAtube.comhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/11/Visualization-of-tRNA-Movements-on-70S-Ribosomehttp://www.dnatube.com/video/60/Comparison-of-two-state-of-bacterial-ribosomehttp://www.dnatube.com/video/1228/tRNA-Ribosome-Molecular-Dynamics-Simulation
Ribosomal Function 3Dwww.DNAtube.comhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/59/Ribosome-structure-and-trna-binding-site--3-D-structure-
Elongation Factor EF-Tu GTP Spacefilling MOdelwww.DNAtube.comhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/53/Elangation-factor-EF-Tu
Translation Animation WEHI-TV http://www.wehi.edu.au/education/wehi-tv/dna/index.htmlhttp://www.wehi.edu.au/education/wehi-tv/dna/dogma3.html
Protein Structurewww.DNAtube.comhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/235/The-Three-Dimensional-Structure-of-a-Proteinhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/833/Proteins-and-Amino-acids
Bacteria Bacteria thethe
Simplest Simplest CellsCells
www.nanonet.go.jp/english/www.nanonet.go.jp/english/mailmag/2004/files/011a.wmvThis is a 34:04 minute videoUse 3:31 – 4:32 for this slideAnd 18:35 – 20:45 for the next slideUse 6:35 – 9:35 and 17:05 – 18:15 for the third slide.
√ Jan 2009
Bacteria with flagellum randomly change direction
about every second by tumbling
Sensors detect if the amount of food or toxins in the environment is increasing or decreasing and change the frequency of tumbling to move toward attractants and away from repellents.
√ Jan 2009
BASIC STAMP Programmable Control Chip Pin Out Pin Name Description Comments5-20 P0-P15 I/O Ports Input/Output ports. From 0-15.21 +5V +5V supply 5-volt input or regulated output22 RES Active-low reset Pull low to reset; goes low during reset23 GND System Ground You must have all grounds connected together.24 PWR Regulator Input Voltage regulator input; takes 5-15
Reconnsworld.com
sonar: high ping ' Turn pinger off initially high compRC ' Raise C2 to +5 volts. pause 1 ' Allow time for C2 to reach +5V. input compRC ' Disconnect pin from C2. pulsout ping,pingLen ' Send a short 40kHz pulse. rctime rcvr,0,echTime ' Wait for echo; save time to echTime. if echTime < 150 then hurt if echTime > 149 then runreturn
again: 'beginning of the functionpulsout 0,150 '0, and 1 are the i/o pins on the 'stamp which the motors are on.pulsout 1, 150 '150 is the ms pulse sent to the motors. 'adjust accordingly.pause 15 'waits a tiny bit..goto again 'begins the fuction again (creates a loop)
fate VAR word 'random what-to-do-next variablechoice VAR byte 'selector for branchticks VAR byte 'amount of time to continue a coursemot_L VAR word 'left-motor speedmot_R VAR word 'right-motor speedLp CON 1 'I/O pin which the left motor is 'on. change accordinglyRp CON 0 'I/O pin which the right motor is 'on. change accordinglyhafSec con 25 'Approx. number of ticks in a 1/2 second
Don’t Underestimate Don’t Underestimate Wiring and Wiring and
ProgrammingProgramming
This simple robot requires a computer chip This simple robot requires a computer chip and a program to allow it move until it and a program to allow it move until it encounters a object then turn around.encounters a object then turn around.In bacteria; chemical concentrations,
complex reaction pathways, enzymes, inhibitors and activators are the wires,
processors, and programs which do much much more .
Even if motors and computers chips, batteries Even if motors and computers chips, batteries and sensors were already made;and sensors were already made;Random mixing will not cause the parts to Random mixing will not cause the parts to assemble, assemble, Static discharges will not program the chip.Static discharges will not program the chip.
Each bumb is as likely Each bumb is as likely to turn a screw out as to turn a screw out as it is to turn a screw in. it is to turn a screw in.
Each discharge is as Each discharge is as likely to unwrite a bit likely to unwrite a bit as to write a bit. as to write a bit.
Animated Slide
Lac Operon Regulationwww.DNAtube.com
√ Jan 2009
www.DNAtube.com
Tryptophan Operon Regulation
√ Jan 2009
Bacterial Conjugation Exchanges DNA
www.DNAtube.com
√ Jan 2009
Bacterial Transformation Incorporates New DNA into Genome www.DNAtube.com
√ Jan 2009
Plasmid Segregationwww.DNAtube.com
√ Jan 2009
www.DNAtube.com
Active Transport Pumps Move Molecules into Cells
√ Jan 2009
Restriction Enzymes cut DNA at specific sites
leaving sticky ends for splicing
www.wehi.edu.au/education/wehi-tv/
√ Jan 2009
www.DNAtube.com
Enzymes Cut or SpliceSpecific Molecules
√ Jan 2009
Links for the videos on the previous page if not included.
Bacteriahttp://www.dnatube.com/video/234/Archea-and-Bacteria--comparehttp://www.dnatube.com/video/433/Bacteria
Bacterial Flagella 1, 2, 3http://www.nanonet.go.jp/english/mailmag/2004/011a.htmlhttp://www.nanonet.go.jp/english/mailmag/2004/files/011a.wmvhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/432/Bacterial-flagella
ChemitaxisSlides 41-44 as separate presentationhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/257/Chemotaxis-of-a-Single-cell-to-cAMP
Neutrophil Chasing Bacteria in Bloodwww.DNAtube.comhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/116/Neutrophil-attacts-on-bacteria
Lactose Repressorwww.DNAtube.comhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/22/Lac-operon-mechanism
Tryptophan Operonwww.DNAtube.comhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/324/The-Tryptophan-Operon
Bacterial Conjagationwww.DNAtube.comhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/201/Bacterial-Conjugationhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/1025/F-Hfr-Strain
Bacterial Transformationwww.DNAtube.comhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/202/Bacterial-Transformation
Par M and Plasmid Segregationwww.DNAtube.comhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/1194/ParM-and-Plasmid-Segregation
Bacterial Eflux Pumpwww.DNAtube.comhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/206/Efflux-Pump
Active Transportwww.DNAtube.comhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/359/Active-Transporthttp://www.dnatube.com/view_video2.php?viewkey=7782deacefa532d9add4
Bacterial Restriction Enzymeswww.DNAtube.comhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/193/Contruction-of-Recombinant-Dna
Restriction Enzyme Animationhttp://www.wehi.edu.au/education/wehi-tv/dna/index.html
http://www.wehi.edu.au/education/wehi-tv/dna/recombinant_dna.html
Bacterial RhodospinSlide 39 as separate presentation
Bacteria How much Code? How Complex?Slide 38 as separate presentation
Enzymeswww.DNAtube.comhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/307/Enzyme
http://www.dnatube.com/video/141/Cell-divison-under-flourescent-microscopy
The Inner Life of the Cell
multimedia.mcb.harvard.edu/
√ Jan 2009
Nikon Microscopy U
√ Jan 2009
Motors on actin filaments belong to myosin superfamily. Myosins change cell shapes and power muscles. Motors on microtubules are from either kinesin superfamily or dynein family
Kinesins form a large superfamily most members walk towards plus end of microtubules. Kinesins move organelles arround cells
The fastest kinesin have speed of 2-3 microns/s. Dyneins are large and fast motor proteins, and walk towards minus end of microtubules. Dyneins power cilia and flagella in eukaryote cells.
In vitro studies indicates a speed of 14 microns/s.
Walking Molecular Motors !
www.DNAtube.com
√ Jan 2009
www.DNAtube.com
Dynein MotorPowers Eukaryote Cilia and Flagella
√ Jan 2009
www.DNAtube.com
www.DNAtube.com
Dynein PoweredCilia and Flagella
Move Forward And Backwards
√ Jan 2009
Cilia Dynein Motor ProteinNexin Elastic Protein
Animated Slide
www.ARN.org
www.DNAtube.com
Mitochondria √ Jan 2009
www.DNAtube.com
Mitochondria use glucose
sugar to make ATP
energy.
The Powerhouse of the Cell
www.DNAtube.com
TheCitric Acid
Cycle
√ Jan 2009
www.DNAtube.com
Enzymes inThe CitricAcid Cycle
√ Jan 2009
www.DNAtube.com
The Electron
Transport Cycle
√ Jan 2009
ATP SynthaseProduces most of thepower your Cells run on
www.DNAtube.com
√ Jan 2009
MitosisCell Division
www.DNAtube.com
√ Jan 2009
www.cryoem.berkeley.edu
Microtubules
√ Jan 2009
Microtubule Instability
www.DNAtube.com
√ Jan 2009
www.DNAtube.com
The Mitotic Spindle I
√ Jan 2009
www.DNAtube.com
The Mitotic Spindle II
√ Jan 2009
Proteasomes degrade damaged or un-needed proteins
www.DNAtube.com
www.DNAtube.com
√ Jan 2009
√ Jan 2009
www.DNAtube.com
The Golgi body andCytomembrane Secretion
√ Jan 2009
www.DNAtube.com
The Golgi Bodyand Microtubules
√ Jan 2009
www.DNAtube.com
The Golgi Bodyand Transport Vessicles
√ Jan 2009
www.DNAtube.com
3D Microscopy of the Golgi Body
√ Jan 2009
Inner Life of a Cellwww.DNAtube.comhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/551/The-Inner-Life-Of-A-Cell-HQ
Simple Cellshttp://www.dnatube.com/video/287/Swimming-Parameciumhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/357/Paramecium-and-Osmosishttp://www.dnatube.com/video/1099/The-wonders-of-a-tiny-cell
Myosin and Kinesin walking MotorsSlide 46 as separate presentation
Myosin Walking on Actinhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/389/A-Moving-Myosin-Motor-Protein-myosin-actin-interaction
Kinesin walking on Microtubulehttp://www.dnatube.com/video/361/Cytoplasmic-Streaminghttp://www.dnatube.com/video/376/Kinesin
Cillia and Flagellahttp://www.dnatube.com/video/380/molecular-dynein-motorhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/363/Cilia-and-Flagella
3D structute of mitochondrionwww.DNAtube.comhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/103/3D-structute-of-mitochondrion
Glycolosiswww.DNAtube.comhttp://www.dnatube.com/view_videowide.php?viewkey=fedad7bbbed0eca3fe2e
Citric Acid (Krebs) Cyclewww.DNAtube.comhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/278/Citric-Acid--TCA--Krebs-Cycle
Electron Transport Systemwww.DNAtube.comhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/277/Citric-Acid--TCA--Krebs-Cycle-generalhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/333/Electron-Transport-Chain
ATP Synthasewww.DNAtube.comhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/104/ATP-synthase-structure-and-mechanism
Photosynthesiswww.DNAtube.comhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/276/Photosynthesis-Overview
Cell Mitosis WWW.DNAtube.comhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/352/Mitosishttp://www.dnatube.com/video/328/Mitosishttp://www.dnatube.com/video/351/Meiosishttp://www.dnatube.com/video/454/Medical-animation-of-cell-divisionhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/1322/mitosishttp://www.dnatube.com/video/1148/Mitosis-nice-animation
Cell Divisionwww.DNAtube.comhttp://www.dnatube.com/view_video2.php?viewkey=eb3da587e268d663aba1http://www.dnatube.com/video/139/Animal-Cell-Divisionhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/381/Cell-Division-Motion-Reconstructionhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/263/Meiosis
Microtubuleshttp://cryoem.berkeley.edu/animations.shtmlhttp://cryoem.berkeley.edu/video/nogales_400x300_narrated.movhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/118/Dynamic-instability-of-microtubules--under-microscope-
Microtubules and Chromosome DivisionSlide 40 as separate PPT http://www.dnatube.com/video/141/Cell-divison-under-flourescent-microscopyhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/140/Cell-divison-under-flourescent-microscopy
ProteasomesSlide 48 as separate PPThttp://www.dnatube.com/video/832/Proteasomehttp://www.dnatube.com/video/543/Proteasome-and-protein-degredationhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/606/The-Proteasome
Cell Compartments and Golgi Apparatus 3Dhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/364/Cytomembrane-Secretionhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/323/Protein-Glycosylationhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/100/Passanger-proteinshttp://www.dnatube.com/video/99/Travel-of-newly-synthesized-membrane-proteinshttp://www.dnatube.com/video/110/cell-compartments
Exocytotic Transportwww.DNAtube.comhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/321/Exocytotic-Transport
Specialized Cells
Muscles Action Potential and Muscle Contractionhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/1307/Action-Potentials-and-Muscle-Contractionhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/1306/Muscle-contraction
Nerve cells finding pathwayshttp://www.dnatube.com/video/78/Pathfinding-the-filopodia-cells-in-the-brainhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/1301/Neurons-and-Neuro-transmittershttp://www.dnatube.com/video/1298/Neurons-and-How-They-Workhttp://www.dnatube.com/video/1105/Action-potential
Synapsehttp://www.dnatube.com/video/227/Synapsehttp://www.dnatube.com/video/1310/Action-potential
Answers In Genesiswww.AnswersInGenesis.org
Check out the Videos on Demand Northwest Creation Network
www.NWCreation.netCheck out the Free Online Videos
and Power Points.
Scientific Evidence for Creation www.Bible.ca/tracks
Watch the On-Line Seminar Videos Creationism . org
www.Creationism.orgLinks, Articles, Books
√ Jan 2009
√ Jan 2009
√ Jan 2009
√ Jan 2009
Free Bible Resourceswww.3Bible.com
Check out the Free Online Videos.
Chick Publishing www.Chick.com
Online Books and Comics.
First Baptist Church of Hammond IN.www.Baptist-City.comwww.FBCHammond.com
Audio Bible Studies
North Valley Baptist Churchwww.NVBC.org
Video Bible Conferences.