module 1. presentation 1
TRANSCRIPT
Module: Arabic 1: 2010-2011presentation 1
AS-SALAMU ALAIKUM! AHLAN WA SAHLAN!
Bismillah Ar-Rahman Ar-Rahim
Requires initiative, desire to learn Arabic
Have learned the Arabic alphabet beforehand
Have questions, concerns, suggestions – e-mail [email protected]
VOWELS ADDED TO THE ENDING OF WORDS REFLECT THE GRAMMAR
These are called case endings (there is a, i, and u case endings)
Case endings: they change the endings of words depending on that word’s position in the sentence
U CASE ENDING
The U case is the one used when a noun or adjective is quoted in isolation
Nouns and adjectives are also marked to distinguish between definite and indefinite status (the=definite article; a=indefinite article) In the U case, to mark definite status, we add ‘Al’to the
beginning of the word AND a single vowel marker at the end of the word (in the U case) we would add the damma
In the U case, to mark indefinite status, we add ‘un’ to the end of the word which is written as or
EXAMPLES
Waziir = a minister Jadiid= new Waziirun jadid= a new minister
An adjective follows the noun it qualifies Both the noun and the adjective are marked for
indefiniteness, and both are in the U case in this sentence An adjective agrees with the noun it qualifies with regard to
definite/indefinite status An adjective agrees with the noun it qualifies with regard to
case
THE RULES
We don’t pronounce the ‘u’ or ‘un’ when we say a word in isolation or when it comes at the end of a sentence – you’ll catch on when we practise insha’Allah Ta’ala.
INDEFINITE NOUN + INDEFINITE ADJECTIVE (S) = INDEFINITE NOUN PHRASE
Not a sentence
Baabun kabiir(un) = a big door
DEFINITE NOUN + DEFINITE ADJECTIVE(S) = DEFINITE NOUN PHRASE
Albaabu-lkabiir = the big door
Alwazeer-uljadeed=the new minister
ASSIMILIATION
One sound is adjusted to become similar to or identical with a neighbouring one
The closest English example: all right becomes ar right The definite article is fully assimilated but still written
with ‘lam’ when prefixed to words beginning with: Eg. Ar-Rahman
The assimilation can be indicated by placing the shadda over the letters at the same time writing the article
not
BASIC VOCABULARY
Professor (honorific)
Door, gate House, home New President, chief, boss
VOCAB CONTINUED…
Ambassador
Large/great
Minister
German
American
I You (m)
English
Beautiful
Intelligent
Man Russian Famous
French
Book
Generous
King
he
Boy
Jordanian
Prince/… Iranian
Turkish
Council meeting
That
Mosque Secretary
In(to)/at Office/desk
Chair Dog
Lebanese
Dwelling This Here There There Indian