modelling of the utsira wind/hydrogen demonstration system in norway
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Modelling of the Utsira Wind/Hydrogen Demonstration System in Norway. Arnaud Et é. EWEC 2009 - Marseille. Presentation of SgurrEnergy What is a wind/hydrogen energy system The modelling tool Presentation of the Utsira Project in Norway Results of the simulations Conclusions. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
EWEC 2009 - Marseille
Modelling of the Utsira Wind/Hydrogen Demonstration System in NorwayArnaud Eté
Plan for this Presentation
1. Presentation of SgurrEnergy
2. What is a wind/hydrogen energy system
3. The modelling tool
4. Presentation of the Utsira Project in Norway
5. Results of the simulations
6. Conclusions
Introducing SgurrEnergy• Leading independent engineering consultancy
• International– Based in Glasgow (Head Office), Vancouver, Beijing, Pune (India), Wexford
& Paris
• Experienced – Over 90 responsive engineers and consultants
• Professional– ISO 9001 & 14001 certified– OHSAS 18001 certified
• Award Winning
SCDI Award for Outstanding Achievement in RE 2008Glasgow Business Award for International Activity 2007 &Best Business Achievement 2007 at Green Energy Awards
Wind/H2 System: A Balancing Mechanism• Hydrogen is an energy carrier, not an energy source!
• An electrolyser, a H2 storage and a fuel cell are used to store the excess electricity generated by wind turbines and produce electricity from hydrogen when needed
Wind/Hydrogen SystemsLocation Project Year
ENEA Research Centre, Italy Prototype wind/electrolyzer testing system 2000
University of Quebec, Trois-Rivières, Canada
Renewable energy systems based on hydrogen for remote applications
2001
Utsira Island, Norway Demonstration of autonomous wind/hydrogen systems for remote areas
2004
West Beacon Farm, Loughorough, UK
HARI – Hydrogen And Renewables Integration 2004
Unst, Shetland Islands, UK PURE – Promoting Unst Renewable Energy 2005
IFE, Kjeller, Norway Development of a field-ready small-scale wind-hydrogen energy system
2006
NREL, Golden, Colorado, USA Wind-to-hydrogen (Wind2H2) demonstration project
2006
Pico Truncado, Argentina Wind/hydrogen demonstration plant 2007
Why We Should Use Modelling
• The hydrogen economy is often proposed as the means to solve both global warming and depletion of fossil fuel resources
• But technology still immature and performance needs to be improved to compete with conventional systems
Computer modelling can help to optimise the system design and improve performance
• Modelling tool used: TRNSYS/ TRNSED
The Utsira Project in Norway
The Utsira Project
• Collaboration with the Institute for Energy Technology (IFE) and StatoilHydro in Norway
• Utsira is the first large-scale demonstration of a stand-alone renewable energy system where the energy balance is provided by stored hydrogen
• In operation since winter 2004/2005
• Significant amount of operational data over the past 3 years
Objectives• Utsira Project:
– Demonstrate how wind and hydrogen systems can provide safe and efficient power supply to communities in remote areas
• This study: – Use operational data from the Utsira plant to calibrate a
set of energy models suitable for simulations in TRNSYS
– Evaluate the techno-economic performance of the plant
– Identify improved system designs and find an optimal configuration
The Energy System at Utsira
Modelling of the System
• Use of one month of operational data (March 07)
• Calibration of the system components: – Load profile and wind speed data– Power curve of the wind turbine: Enercon E40– Hydrogen engine– Electrolyser
Electrolyzer & H2 Engine Modelling
Improvement of the System Design• The existing system cannot guarantee a 100% stand-alone
operation for long periods of time
Optimisation of the Utsira System (1/4)• Optimisation based on cost calculations: lower total net
present cost for the project
Component Lifetime(years)
Capital costs O&M costs(% of capital
costs)
Wind turbine 20 800 €/kW 1.5
Electrolyser 20 2000 €/kW 2.0
Compressor 12 5000 €/kW 1.5
H2 storage 20 4500 €/m³ 2.5
H2 engine 10 1000 €/kW 2.0
Fuel cell 10 2500 €/kW 2.0
Optimisation of the Utsira System (2/4)• Analysis using one year of operational data (Jan-Dec 05)
• Optimal system at Utsira :– 100 kW electrolyser– 50 kW hydrogen engine– 11,100 Nm³ of H2
storage (70 m³ at 200b )
• For a 100% stand-alone operation, the size of the electrolyser should be doubled and the H2 tank should be almost 5 times bigger!
Optimisation of the Utsira System (3/4)• To obtain better performance and reduce the size of the system, the existing H2
engine is replaced by a more efficient fuel cell
• Optimal system at Utsira :– 48 kW electrolyser– 50 kW fuel cell– 4800 Nm³ of H2
storage (30 m³ at 200b )
• The efficiency of the power generating system and the size of the H2 tank should be doubled compared to the existing system
Optimisation of the Utsira System (4/4)
Conclusions (1)
• Techno-economic model of wind/hydrogen energy system built on the TRNSYS platform and user-friendly interface designed
• Models applied to the wind/hydrogen demonstration project on the Island of Utsira in Norway
• This study has shown that the system needs to be modified in order to achieve fully autonomous operation for long periods of time:– Increase the size of the hydrogen storage– Replace the hydrogen engine by a more efficient fuel cell
Conclusions (2)
• Further technical improvements and cost reductions are necessary before wind/H2 systems can compete with existing commercial solutions, for example wind/diesel hybrid systems
• Hybrid system solutions should be based on more than one energy source (e.g. wind, solar, bioenergy) to reduce the need for large and costly energy storage
• When only based on wind it is particularly important to choose a location with a steady wind resource
