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INF5120 – Model based

System Development

F13-1: ADM (Architecture Driven

Modernisation (Reverse MDA)) – Migration to

SOA and Cloud computing

F13-2: MDI (Model Driven Interoperability),

Data and Service Interoperability

Lecture 07.05.2012

Arne-Jørgen Berre

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INF5120 - Lecture plan - 2012

Part I: SSI – Service Innovation and Agile Service/Software Engineering

Part II: SSMDE – Model Driven Engineering

Part III – Model Driven Interoperability and ADM

1: 16/1: Introduction to Model Based System Development (INF5120)

2: 23/1: SIE I: Enterprise Architecture, Role modeling-Collaboration and Value Networks – Verna Allee (VNA)

3: 30/1: SIE II:: Business Process Modeling with BPMN 2.0 and Business Model Innovation - Peter Lindgren (BMI)

4: 6/2: SIE III: AT ONE –User-oriented design – with Use cases and user stories

5: 13/2: SIE IV: Service modeling with SoaML – Service modeling - Design, patterns

6: 20/2: SIE V: Precise Modeing in UML with OCL and Design with DCI - Design, patterns

7: 27/2: MDE I: Software Process Model Frameworks – Essence/SEMAT, SPEM, EPF and ISO 24744 –Shihong Huang/Brian Elvesæter/Arne J. Berre

8: 5/3: MDE II: Metamodels, Domain specific languages and UML profiles (Franck Fleurey, Brian Elvesæter)

9: 12/3: MDE III: Metamodeling, MDLE and DSL Tools (EMF, GMF, ATL, Kermeta) (Franck Fleurey)

10: 19/3: MDE IV: Model transformations - MOFScript, QVT DSLs with examples (Franck Fleurey)

11: 26/3: MDE V: Method Engineering and CORAS UML profile-: DSL example (Arne J. Berre)

2/4, 9/4: EASTER

12: 16/4: MDE VI: User Interface Modeling – WebRatio-WEBML, ESITO-Genova, OMG IFML (AJB, Knut Sagli)

13: 23/4: MDI I: SOA technologies, MDE for SOA (Accenture/NAV) (AJB, Ismar Slomic, Øystein Gisnås )

14: 30/4: MDI II: Information Models, Semantics and Model Driven Interoperability (AJB, Dumitru Roman)

15: 7/5: MDI III: ADM and MDA/Migration to SOA/SaaS/Cloud and MDI, Model Driven Interoperability

16: 13/5: Conclusion and Summary for INF5120 - Preparation of Exam

Exam: Monday June 4th, 2011, 1430-1830 (4 hours)

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INF5120 – Oblig/Exercise plan - 2012

1: 16/1: None

2: 23/1: Guest lecture: Value Networks – Verna Allee (VNA)

3: 30/1: Guest lecture: Business Model Innovation - Peter Lindgren (BMI) – Establish groups

4: 6/2: AT ONE initial exercise – overall approach for Oblig 1 – “myServiceFellow”

5: 13/2: Group presentation

6: 20/2: Group presentation

7: 27/2: Group presentation

8: 5/3: MDE Tools – introduction – Oblig 2 intro

9: 12/3: MDE Tools II - EMF

10: 21/3: MDE Transformation tools - Delivery of Oblig 1

11: 26/3: Walk through of Oblig 1

2/4, 9/4: EASTER

12: 16/4: Discussion on Oblig 2 – part 1 and 2

13: 23/4: Discussion on Oblig 2 - part 2 and 3

14: 30/4: Discussion on Oblig 2 - part 3

14: 7/5: Discussion on Oblig 2 - part 3

15: 7/5: Oblig 2 presentations

16: 14/5: Oblig 2 presentations . Conclusion and Summary for INF5120 - Preparation of Exam, Example exam 2011

Exam: Monday June 4th, 2011, 1430-1830 (4 hours)

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Cloud Computing;

where it is now and challenges

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Content

Definition and some main concepts

Cloud computing technologies

Opportunities and challenges

Activities around cloud

projects, standardization

Conclusions

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Convergence to Cloud Computing

Adaptive Data

Centers IBM, HP, Sun

Infrastructure

as a Service Amazon.com

Cloud

Computing

Virtualization VMware, Citrix

Software

as a Service Saleforce.com

Platform

as a Service Google, Microsoft

Utility

Computing Rackspace,

Terremark,

Savvis, IBM

Grids Univa Ud,

Gigaspaces,

IBM

Enterprise Apps Microsoft, IBM, Oracle,

Tibco

Desktop as a

Service Simtone, Desktone

Desktop

Apps Google, Zoho

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Definition of cloud

Cloud computing is a model for enabling ubiquitous,

convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of

configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers,

storage, applications, and services) that can be rapidly

provisioned and released with minimal management effort or

service provider interaction.

U.S. Government's National Institute of Standards and Technology

The term cloud is not new and backs up to 90s (telecom

clouds). Microsoft adopted it in 2001 when presenting .NET

framework as an infrastructure of computers that make up the

internet. Ideas on sharing resources, distributed computing and

services are even older.

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Cloud Computing Definition

“Cloud computing is a model for enabling convenient, on-demand

network access to a shared pool of configurable computing

resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and

services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with

minimal management effort or service provider interaction. This

cloud model promotes availability and is composed of five essential

characteristics, three service models, and four deployment models”.

5: On-demand self-service, Broad network access, Resource

pooling, Rapid elasticity, Measured Service

3: IaaS, PaaS, SaaS

4: Private, Community, Public, Hybrid

NIST

Definition of Cloud Computing, Draft version 15, Oct 7, 2009

http://csrc.nist.gov/groups/SNS/cloud-computing/index.html

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Three service models

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IaaS Paas SaaS

Client

Service

Application

Platform

Storage

Infrastructure

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Service Model Overview

SaaS

To use the provider’s applications running on a cloud

infrastructure and accessible from various client

devices through a thin client interface such as a Web

browser

Citizen Engagement (Wikis,

Blogs, Data.gov)

Government Productivity (Cloud

based tools)

Business Enablement

(Salesforce.com)

Enterprise Applications (Core

Mission & Business Svcs

PaaS

To deploy onto the cloud infrastructure consumer-

created applications using programming languages

and tools supported by the provider (e.g., java,

python, .Net)

Database and Database

Management Systems

Developer / Testing Tools

Virtual Environments

IaaS

To provision processing, storage, networks, and

other fundamental computing resources where the

consumer is able to deploy and run arbitrary

software, which can include operating systems and

applications

• Computing

• Storage

• Application hosting

Model Capability Provided Example Services

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Government Cloud Framework

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Three main deployment models

Public cloud

Services are characterized as being available to clients from a third party

service provider via the Internet.

Private cloud

It offers many of the benefits of a public cloud but data and processes are

managed within the organization.

Hybrid Cloud

A hybrid cloud is a combination of a public and private cloud that

interoperates.

Part of the infrastructure is maintained by the organization itself where as

it also acquires the services from public clouds.

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Advantages and disadvantages

Private cloud: full control of all the resources related to a cloud infrastructure.

investing in computing and storage resources but also on the

related software and maintenance activities.

Public cloud: the cloud computing infrastructure and operational activities are

offered and maintained by service provider;

dependent upon service provider;

little control of resources;

security of the data that is stored on the public cloud is a concern.

Hybrid cloud:

an organization can choose to maintain their critical resources as private

cloud and rely on the public clouds for non critical business operations.

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Other solutions

Community cloud

It is controlled and used by a group of organizations that have shared

interests, such as specific security requirements or a common mission.

Virtual private cloud (VPC)

Runs on top of the public cloud with the additional benefit to have

customized network topology and security settings.

Applications running on a VPC can take benefit of cost effective

infrastructure of public clouds and security mechanism of private clouds.

General concerns with public clouds:

Where are services being hosted?

Can you trust the service provider to adhere to regulations?

How is data backed up and stored?

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Moving between the models or

building supply chains?

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Computing Computing

Computing

Storage

Storage

Storage

Applications Applications

Applications

Enterprise

Applications

Internet

users Other

enterprises

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New possibilities with the Cloud

Storage in “big”

Gartner suggests that in 2-5 years cloud will be the place for any

serious data management.

New business models and supply chains

Virtualization, off-the-shelf processing power, datacenters in

containers, new maintenance concepts, new payment models,

end-to-end connectivity, ++

Health sector, energy management and other sectors with

many actors will probably gain most of connecting all

these actors.

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Essential characteristics

of cloud

Rapid Elasticity

Measured Service

Pay per use

Multi-tenancy

Reliability & availability

Cloud bursting

and some

essential challenges

Management and self* Runtime configuration

Data management Privacy and security

Interoperability Strong industrial drivers in US

with their de-facto standards

Business models Start-up cost

ROI

Customer needs

Several providers with divergent technologies

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Main PaaS providers

Google App Engine (2008) For design, development and deployment of web applications hosted on

Google servers.

Originally built around Python tools and now with Java API as well.

The application is totally separate from the hardware infrastructure (server,

operating systems, geographical location) necessary for the running of the

application. This application communicates with the outside world through web

queries (http and https).

Windows Azure (Feb 2010) PaaS based on .NET technologies. Database service based on SQL Server

2008.

The architecture of a Windows Azure application is based on the assembly of

components called roles, provided by the platform. Each role represents an

aspect of the application and allows access to a set of predefined services.

Both supporting public clouds.

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Main IaaS providers

Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud- EC2 (2008) Enables the client to dynamically create virtual machines, in other

words, server instances that can be as physical machines. A client

can create, run and stop server instances and pays as the servers are

used;

Public, and Private cloud (Virtual Private Cloud );

Amazon Service Web API (AWS).

Amazon also provides SaaS services or partial PaaS services on

its « Amazon Web Service ».

Other technologies such as open source solutions

Eucalyptus, OpenNebula and OpenStack are EC2

compliant.

Rackspace is behind Amazon in US.

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Open source IaaS initiatives

Eucalyptus platform (2007) OpenSouce model but sales licenses for an Enterprise Edition;

Private cloud platform with hybrid support;

Compatible with Amazon EC2 and related platforms; Amazon Service

Web API (AWS).

OpenNebula Developed in research projects and released; supported by

RESERVOIR and now StratusLab;

Private cloud, Hybrid cloud (cloudbursting) with Amazon EC2, and public cloud support (EC2).

OpenStack Backed by Rackspace, NASA, Dell, Citrix, Cisco, Canonical and over

50 other organizations.

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Market share in US

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Amazon

59%

Other

20% Rackspace 8%

IBM 5%

Joyent 4%

Terremark 4%

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Challenges regarding technologies Many platforms with different architectural approaches;

especially PaaS: Recent technology : few «industrial» feedbacks on these approaches;

APIs and services available are very different from one platform to another;

Vendor lock-in problem.

Little interoperability and flexibility for moving between these or

from private to public and back.

Europe is lagging behind the US;

US has a more homogenous market with big IT suppliers, self-

service culture

Trying to address some of the above these by Open cloud

manifesto and several standardization organs.

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Challenges for users

New architecture for applications

Modularity, scalability, data management etc.

Understanding required capacity and performance

Understanding their resource needs, peaks, workloads, etc

Estimating the required service level.

Assessment of solutions and later testing their

applications;

Costing and pricing

Resources, licenses, human cost of management.

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Majors standardization activities

(http://cloud-standards.org)

Standards Organisations Members

Open Grid Forum Microsoft, Sun, Intel, HP, AT&T, eBay etc

Cloud Computing Interoperability Forum Cisco, Intel, Thomson Reuters, Orange,

Sun, IBM, RSA etc

Distributed Management Task Force IBM, Microsoft, Novell, Oracle, Sun,

Vmware, EMC etc

The European Telecommunication

Standards Institute (ETSI)

Telecom

Open Cloud Consortium Cisco, MIT Lincoln Labs, Yahoo, various

colleges

Cloud Security Alliance eBay, ING, Qualys, PGP, zScaler etc

Storage Networking Industry

Association

Dell, EMC, Oracle, Juniper Networks,

Qlogic, HP, Vmware, Hitachi, NetApp

Object Management Group OMG members

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Unification Efforts

Eucalyptus with Amazon Web Services API With New Scale, rPath, MomentumSI

NASA and Rackspace (and other partners) – OpenStack

API

Red Hat – Delta Cloud API For Amazon, GoGrid and RackSpace

Open Cloud Computing Interface (OCCI) for IaaS

providers RackSpace, Oracle, OpenStack, OpenNebula ++

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Conclusions

Divergent platforms, new technologies

Lack of experiences, need for large scale use cases and experimental

facilities

Technical and non-technical challenges

Data management, security and privacy, flexibility, interoperability,

business models, legalization issues, +++

Standardization activities

Important to follow (but these are also emerging)

Relations to other initiatives such as Green IT, Grid, Future

Internet, Smart cities, +++

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ADM – Architecture-Driven

Modernization (Reverse MDA)

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IT Architecture

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Business Architecture

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Data

(What)

Function

(How)

Network

(Where)

People

(Who)

Time

(When)

Motivation

(Why)

Scope

(Contexts)

Business

(Concepts)

System

(Logic)

Technology

(Physics)

Component

(Assemblies)

List of things

important

to business

List of processes

that the business

performs

List of locations

which the business

operates

List of organizations

important to the

business

List of events/cycles

important to the

business

List of business

goals/strategies

Semantic Model

Business

Process

Model

Business

Logistics

System

Workflow

Model

Master

Schedule

Business

Plan

Logical Data ModelApplication

Architecture

Distributed

System

Architecture

Human

Interface

Architecture

Process

Structure

Business Rule

Model

Physical Data Model System DesignTechnology

Architecture

Presentation

Architecture

Control

Structure

Rule

Design

Data Definition ProgramNetwork

Architecture

Security

Architecture

Timing

Definition

Rule

Definition

Operation

(Instances)Data Function Network Organization Schedule Strategy

BMM

SBVR

VDM OSMSBVR

DTFV

BPMN

UMLIMM

(CWM)

CMPM

SoaML

ODM

Business architecture models in OMG

in the Zachman framework

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IT Architecture Ecosystem

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IT/Business architecture transformation

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Modernization horse shoe model

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Modernization scenarios

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ADM Framework

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ADM Standards in OMG

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KDM & ASTM

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Pattern Recognition and SMM

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Analysis (Domain) Patterns

Architecture Patterns (Macro Architecture)

Design Patterns (Micro Architecture)

Domain Framework

(OO) Reusable Components

Analysis Design Implementation

Idioms (Language dependent patterns)

Patterns: From Analysis to

Implementation

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Visualisation, Refactoring and

Transformation

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SINTEF projects

REMICS (REuse and Migration of legacy applications to

Interoperable Cloud Services); started in 2010, SINTEF lead, two SMEs and other research partners.

Focus on migration to SOA and cloud and developing a CloudML

langauge.

NEFFICS (Networked Enterprise transformation and

resource management in Future Internet enabled

Innovation Clouds) Started in 2010, SINTEF lead, using SaaS platforms combined with

an advanced innovation management software platform.

IRMOS Developing IRMOS platform to facilitate real-time interactive

applications over SOI

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FP7 – Obj. 1.2, call 5 – VISION Cloud

Led by IBM Haifa, Participants: SAP, Telefonica, Telenor,

France Telecom, Siemens, Engineering, ….

Total cost 15.7 M€, October 2010-September 2013

A powerful ICT infrastructure for reliable and effective

delivery of data-intensive storage services.

Use cases in Media, Telco, Healthcare and Enterprise.

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The REMICS approach

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Recover

Legacy Artifacts

Source Architecture Migrate

Target Architecture for Service

Cloud platform

Forward MDA

through

PIM 4 Cloud

Service Cloud

Implementa tion

Model Driven

Interoperability

Validate ,

Control and

Supervise

Knowledge : REMICS KDM Business Process and Rules

Components : SoaML Implementation : UML , U 2 TP

Knowledge Discovery , Reverse Engineering

Source code , binaries , documentation , users

knowledge , configuration files , execution logs and traces .

SOA and Cloud Computing Patterns applied ,

Legacy Components Replacement and Wrapping ,

Design by Service Composition

Service mediation for adaptation

SoaML with REMICS extensions for Service Clouds ,

Links to Business Models

Model Transformation , Code Generation , Traceability

RESERVOIR , Joyant , Amazon , Google , Microsoft

Models @ Runtime for application management ,

Model Checking , Model - based Testing for validation

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Project concept

Migration of

legacy systems to

service clouds

Model-driven

modernization

approach

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Requirements engineering

Model-based testing

Models

@runtime

Model-driven Interoperability

Agile methodologies

Model metrics

Recovery Migration

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REMICS challenges regarding cloud

Whether to have private or public or hybrid cloud. Business

models and scalability concerns.

Which cloud platform to choose?

What does it mean for the architecture? Data handling

(reporting system), authorization for access to data,

maintenance and adaptation of the systems

Developing a platform independent model for cloud that hides

technologies (and related standardization activities such as

PIM4Cloud, Interoperability for cloud)

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REMICS Metamodel extensions

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How does it work?

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Recovery Code Reverse Engineering

UML Model

Componentization

SoaML Model

Migration UML and SoaML models

SOA and Cloud patterns

application

Service Mediation

PIM4Cloud,

deployment generation

Service Cloud

Application

Validation and Control

UML, SoaML,

PIM4Cloud models

Model-based Testing

Model metrication

Models@Runtime

Performance measurement

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Involved tools

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Recovery

• Netfective BluAge reverse engineering tool

• WUT Tale GUI recovery tool

• SOFTEAM Modelio reverse engineering tools

• SOFTEAM Architecture Componentization Tool for Modelio

Migration

•SOFTEAM Patterns Designer Tool – SOA and Cloud patterns application

•SINTEF Interoperability Framework

•WUT RedSeeds – application generation tools

•SINTEF, SOFTEAM PIM4Cloud modeling and deployment generation

•UT Desktop to Cloud Migration tool

Validation and Control

• FOKUS!MBT

• FOKUS!Metrino

• WUT RSL Testing Tool

• Open source libraries for Models@Runtime

• Framework for performance measurement of 3-tier applications

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Tools involved

BluAge Reverse Engineering tool

WUT Tale GUI recovery tool

Modelio, PIM4Cloud, Componentization

and Patterns Designer

SINTEF, PIM4Cloud DSL

UT Desktop to Cloud Migration tool

WUT, RedSeeds

FOKUS!MBT

FOKUS!Metrino RSL Testing Tool

Models@Runtime

Interoperability Framework

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PIM4Cloud scope in the cloud

Standardisation Groups

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OMG: UML, SOAML, CCM, … PIM4CLOUD

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PIM4Cloud audience

Who needs to model cloud deployment scenarios?

Application designers

System/Software Analyst: in charge of the analysis of cloud related

requirements (QoS, load balancing, distribution, security,…) and the

specification on how the system should resolve them.

System/Software Architects: in charge of the definition of the cloud

deployment for the system to implement the requested features.

Application deployment responsible

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PIM4Cloud Concepts

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PIM4Cloud Concepts

IAAS/SAAS/PAAS

Cloud Application

Cloud Resource

Cloud Provider

Public/Private Cloud

VirtualImage

Instance

Physical Infrastructure

Resource

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4 Modelling Prespectives

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Virtual Image

Modelling

Cloud resources

used

Private cloud

components

Characterisation and

Configuration of

resources

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Job possibilities at SINTEF ?

If you enjoy Model driven development – you might be

interested to work as a research scientist at SINTEF – in

particular related to European and international research

projects – such as REMICS ! Shorter term work with latest

technologies, - longer term work towards PhD research.

www.remics.eu

www.shape-project.eu

www.envision-project.eu

www.neffics.eu

www.envirofi.eu

Contact: Arne.J.Berre@sintef.no or use arneb@ifi.uio.no

www.sintef.no

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CSI PhD position from mid 2012

“Platform for Open Service

Innovation”

CSI – Center for Service Innovation – with NHH,

Architecture school of Oslo, UiO, SINTEF and partners

Telenor, DnB, Posten, Tryg, Evry, Induct, …

Has a new PhD position in the area of “Platform for Open

Service Innovation” - available from mid 2012