modality: the antithesis of student- centred learning? a/professor martin carroll pro...
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Modality:the antithesis of student-centred learning? A/Professor Martin CarrollPro Vice-Chancellor AcademicAugust 2012
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SESSION OUTLINE• About CDU
• About Learnline
• About Modality
• Modality and Public Policy
• Modality and Student Learning
• New Concepts of Modality
• CDU, Blackboard and Modality
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• NT is 1.42M km2 (size of Texas, New Mexico, California combined!)
• CDU is the only uni based in the NT
• Widely distributed population of just 1/4M
• Dual-sector• HE (≈10,000 students)
and VET (≈14,000)• ≈ 75% HE students are
external• Multi-campus
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OUR LEARNLINE JOURNEY
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OUR LEARNLINE JOURNEY (TO DATE)
• Started in 2003 with LMS & Content (voluntary uptake).
• Managed Hosting since 2009 (will add BCP soon).
• Learn 9.1 SP6 (planning upgrade to SP10 over summer) including:– Community
– Outcomes (mainly for surveys)
– SafeAssign
• CDU Mobile Central and Learn (1254 since S2 2012)
• Collaborate 11 (planning upgrade to 12 over summer)
• Bb Student Services (24x7 for students; a/hrs for staff)
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OUR LEARNLINE JOURNEY (FUTURE)
• Considering Bb Social (in Community)
• Considering Bb Analytics for Learn
• Need a Rich Media Management System
• Need improved Learnline templates (VET & HE) that address new concepts of modality
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ABOUT MODALITY
Internal
External
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“MODE OF ATTENDANCE”A classification of the manner in which a student is undertaking a unit of study:
• Internal: unit of study for which the student is enrolled.... is undertaken through attendance at the HEP on a regular basis; or where a student is undertaking a HE unit for which regular attendance is not required, but attends the HEP on an agreed schedule for the purposes of supervision and/or instruction.
• External: unit of study for which the student is enrolled involves special arrangements whereby lesson materials, assignments, etc. are delivered to the student and any associated attendance at the institution is of an incidental, irregular special or voluntary nature.
(HEIMSHELP Glossary)
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2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 20110
50000
100000
150000
200000
250000
300000
Commencing HE Students Nationally
Internal ExternalMulti-mode
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“MODE OF ATTENDANCE”Multi-modal: a unit of study is undertaken partially on an internal mode of attendance and partially on an external mode of attendance.
(HEIMSHELP Glossary)
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“MODE OF ATTENDANCE”Multi-modal: a unit of study is undertaken partially on an internal mode of attendance and partially on an external mode of attendance.
(HEIMSHELP Glossary)
(CGS Guidelines No.1)
Multimodal students are those undertaking the multi-modal mode of attendance
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“MODE OF ATTENDANCE”Multi-modal: a unit of study is undertaken partially on an internal mode of attendance and partially on an external mode of attendance.
(HEIMSHELP Glossary)
(CGS Guidelines No.1)
Multimodal students are those undertaking the multi-modal mode of attendance, where at least one unit of study is undertaken on an internal basis and at least one unit of study is undertaken on an external basis.
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“CAMPUS”For the purposes of regional loading, a campus is defined as the physical location from where a course of study is delivered. It must have:
a) regular face-to-face teaching – there must be academic staff present at the campus during the entire teaching period; and
b) entire courses must be delivered from the location (the bulk of units within a course leading to a higher education award must be offered at the campus location).”
(CGS Guidelines No.1)
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Video conference
2nd Site
Main Site
CollaborateMobile
Learner
Teacher
Room
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Why do definitions matter?
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MODALITY AND PUBLIC POLICY• CGS Load by Campus
• Student Service & Amenities Fee
• MyUniversity Website
• Away From Base funding
• International Student Visas
• TEQSA Learning & Teaching Standards
• Base Funding Review
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BASE FUNDING REVIEW• The Report called for further work to “allow assessment
of mode of teaching as a basis for a future funding model” (pxv).
• “Principle number 7: The base funding model should reflect the relative costs for different disciplines or modes of teaching” (pxvii).
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Education-Professional experience
Nursing Practice
Criminal Law Engineering mathematics of differential calculus
Financial Accounting
Average contact hours
260 183 119 244 168
Class size 25-155 10-81 24-264 17-123 9-310
Modes of teaching used by different universities
TutorialsPracticumLectureWorkshop
LectureLaboratoryPracticumTutorialProblem-based learning
LectureSeminarTutorial
LecturePractice classTutorialWorkshop
LectureTutorial
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BASE FUNDING REVIEW• “On the other hand, allocating funding according to
mode of teaching is potentially administratively complex and may also be more open to manipulation, in the sense that subjects could change their current mode of teaching for no other reason than to gain additional funding” (p66).
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What the…?
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IS MODALITY EITHER/OR ?
Internal
External
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IS MODALITY EITHER/OR ?
Internal
External
On
Off
WIL
MODE
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IS MODALITY EITHER/OR ?
Internal On
OffExternal
WIL
MODE
Group
Individual
TASKS
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Internal OnSynchronous Group
IndividualAsynchronous Off
External
TASKS
WIL
SCHEDULE
MODE
IS MODALITY EITHER/OR ?
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WHAT ARE MODES REALLY?Student cohort management mechanisms that maximise organisational efficiency by sorting students into groups with prescribed and limited ranges of engagement methods and timelines.
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Is this student-centred?
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What are our
students saying?
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SELT (S1, 2012) RESPONSESStudents differ extensively on expectations of modality:
• Some expect (want) “external” to mean solo and asynchronous. They believe group work or synchronous engagement is anathematic.
• Some are external but want an experience equivalent to internal, i.e. synchronous and group oriented.
• Some want to have internal & external student mixing.
• Internal students (and, it seems, staff) are confused about how Learnline fits.
• No-one wants their modality to be inferior, but some external students are more forgiving.
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SELT (S1, 2012) RESPONSESCommon issues regarding Learnline are:
• They want more training in how to use Learnline (including Collaborate).
• They want staff to have more training in how to use Learnline (including Collaborate).
• They want greater consistency in Learnline site design.
• They want more rich media content.
• Connectivity (especially for Collaborate) is a major concern.
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“No problems. I love Learnline!”
“Learnline is easy once you get used to it”
“Collaborate is fantastic and allows for interaction with the lecturer”
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“I also cannot use a public computer without downloading a pile of stuff for which I never have time. Fortunately my other subject has
tutorials archived on MP3, so it was downloadable.”
“Get better Internet strength for Collaborate.It is ridiculous how many times people get
kicked out of that system.”
“Getting programs like Collaborate to work.How hard can it be?”
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Internal Mode
External Mode
METHODS OF ENGAGEMENT
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ISSUES OF MODALITY• Respond to how students want to engage.
• Clearly define and communicate Affordance-Inclusive Modes verses Affordance-Exclusive Modes.
• Within an Affordance-Inclusive Mode, consider Access and equity issues embedded in Reliance methods (unit can’t be done without Method X) verses Augmentation methods (unit is enhanced by Method X).
• Ensure academic equivalence of a unit served via multiple modalities.
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Internal Mode
External Mode
METHODS OF ENGAGEMENTFOR A UNIT IN MULTIPLE MODES
Augmentation(mainly learning
activities)
Reliance(mainly unit information and access to content)
Augmentation(mainly learning
activities)
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CDU, BLACKBOARD & MODALITY
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WILL CDU STICK WITH BLACKBOARD?• Many other LMS (Moodle, Desire2Learn etc.). That’s if
we use an LMS at all! Consider Udacity or iTunesU.
• Each option does some things well; all options are evolving.
• Key issues are functionality (and compatibility of multiple functionalities), usability, roadmap, stability, support and price.
• And a deep understanding of the relationship between educators, students and technology developers and suppliers.
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START FINISH
Bill Belcher(Raha)
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CONCLUSIONS• Learning technologies are providing the opportunity for
a radical redefining of modality.• New modalities must focus first on effective student
engagement, and secondly on organisational efficiency.• Effective engagement will respond to student
affordances and expectations as well as curriculum demands.
• New modalities must be clear and equitable.• This requires major institutional reform (& templates!)• Policy reform is also required.
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The title of this session is:
Modality: the antithesis of student-centred learning?
Martin Carroll
www.cdu.edu.au