Mobile Multitasking Distraction:An Intracranial EEG pilot study.Emma Campbell, Pierre-Majorique Léger, Élise Labonté-Lemoyne, Sylvain Sénécal, Marc Fredette, Franco Lepore & Dang Nguyen

Funding

Partners Team

A special thank you…Co-Authors• Pierre-Majorique Léger• Élise Labonté-Lemoyne• Sylvain Sénéval• Marc Fredette• Franco Lepore• Dang Nguyen

Research Team• Manon Robert• Olivier Boucher• Tech3Lab’s

Research Team

1. Mobile multitasking distraction 2. Study 1: Texting while walking• Methods• Results and Discussion

3. Why use Intracranial EEG4. Study 2: Mobile Multitasking Distraction – Intracranial EEG pilot• Methods • Results and Discussion

5. Future Directions

Presentation Plan

Mobile Multitasking Distraction - Statistics

• 91% of adults used a cellphone in 2013 in the United states. [1]

• Mobile use is recognized as one of the most important distraction cause in automobile accidents. [2]

• Injuries related to the use of mobile phone involving pedestrians exceeded those of drivers in 2010. [3]

Mobile Multitasking: Performing one or more

information technology tasks while in movement [4]

Mobile Multitasking Distraction – Studies

In reality, MMt leads to dangerous behaviours • Less likely to acknowledge other walkers [5]• Increased time taken to cross a stress [6]

In a virtual environment, MMt led to a decrease in safety measures• Decreased tendency to look on both sides before crossing

[7]• Increased duration of time looking away from the street

[8]

Switch cost Performance decrease due to Task Set Reconfiguration [9]

TEXTING

WALKING

Study 1: Texting while Walking [10]

Results

Chances of accuracy decrease by 18.9% (exp(β)= 0.209; p value=0.014) (N=54)

The relations between alpha ratios and the performances differ significantly (p=0.032) between the two conditions at Pz. (N=25)

TEXTING

WALKING

TEXTING

WALKING

22 trials

12 min

Why use ECoG?

Expand our understanding of this dangerous behavior

Why use ECoG?

• Raise awareness about user’s cognitive state when mobile multitasking

• Develop applications aiming at stimulating the implicated neuronal circuit

Study 2 : MMt Distraction - ECoG pilot

TEXTING

WALKING

TEXTING

CONTROL

TEXTING

CONTROL

22 trials

12 min

Intracranial Electroencephalography

Study 2 : MMt Distraction - ECoG pilot

Time-Frequency analysis for each electrode presenting a difference in the

engagement ratio between the two tasks.

PRELIMINARY RESULTS : Top 20% electrodes with greater

differences in the engagement ratio between the two tasks

References[1] cell phone ownership hits 91% of adults – Pew Research Center. 2013; Available from: http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2013/06/06/cell-phone-ownership-hits-91-of-adults/.[2] Owens, J.M., McLaughi, S.B. & Sudweeeks, J. Driver performance while text messaging using handheld and in-vehicle systems. Accident Analysis & Preention, 2011. 43(3): p. 939-947[3] Nasar, J.L. and D. Troyer, Pedestrian injuries due to mobile phone use in public places. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 2013. 57 (0): p. 91 95.[4] Léger, P.-M., Sénécal, S. Cameron, A.-F., Bellavance, F., Faubert, J. and Fredette, M. Travailler à l’extérieur des frontières de l’organisation : Un modèle pour étudier les effets des multitâches technologiques en contexte piétonnier. Proceedings of the Congrès de l’Association des Sciences Administratives du Canada (ASAC), Alberta (2013)[5] Hyman, I.E., Boss, S.M., Wise, B.M., McKenzie, K.E. & Caggiano, J.M. Did you see the unicycling clown? Inattentional blindness while walking and talking on a cellphone. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 2012. 24(5): p. 597-607[6] Thompson, L.L., Rivara, F.P., Ayyagari, R.C & Ebel, B.E., Impact of social and technological distraction on pedestrian crossing behaviour: An observational study. Injury Prevention, 2013. 19(4): p.232-237[7] Schwebel, D.C., Stavrinos, D., Byington, K.W., Davis, ., O’Neal, E.E. & de Jong, D., Distraction and pedestrian safety: How talking on the phone, texting and listening to music impact crossing the street. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 2012. 45(0): p. 266-271[8]Byington, K.W. & Schwebel, D.C., Effects of mobile Internet use on college student pedestrian injury risk. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 2013. 51: P.78-83[9]Wylie, H., & Allport, A., Task switching and the measurement of switch costs. Psychological Research, 2000. 63(3-4): p. 212-233[10] Courtemanche, F., Léger, P.-L., Cameron, A.-F., Faubert, J., Labonté-Lemoyne, É., Sénécal, S., Fredette, M., Bellavance, S.: Texting While Walking: Measuring the Impact on Pedestrian Visual Attention. Gmunden Retreat on NeuroIS 2014. Austria (2014)