mlsw / dle – employment promotion ‐ performance report...

MLSW / DLE – Employment Promotion ‐ Performance Report 06/2011

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Editor: Shpetim KALLUDRA

Chief of Labour Market Analysis Section, MLSW / DLE

[email protected]

Labour Market Analysis SectionDepartment of Labour and EmploymentMinistry of Labour and Social Welfare

Responsible: Defrim RIFAJ

General Director, Department of Labour and Employment

dë[email protected]

Department of Labour and Employment

Ministry of Labour and Social WelfareUÇK Str. no.110 000 Prishtina,

Republic of Kosovo

mailto:[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]


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CONTENTS

List of Tables ...........................................................................................05List of Figures .............................................................................................06Executive Summary ................................................................................................ 071. Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 102. Registered Unemployment ............................................................................................. .11

2.1. Skills and Unemployment ......................................................................... 112.2. Age and Unemployment ........................................................................ 122.3. Ethnicity and Unemployment ................................................................. 132.4. Gender and Unemployment .................................................................. 142.5. Regional Developments .................................................................................... 152.6. Unemployment Staff Ratio/Regional Capacities ............................... 16

3. Employment Mediation ....................................................................................... 183.1. Vacancies ...................................................................................... 19

3.1.1. Vacancies by Sector .......................................................... 193.1.2. Vacancies by Skills ................................................. 203.1.3. Vacancies by Region .......................................................... 21

3.2. Placements ............................................................................................................. 223.2.1. Placement by Sector ......................................................... 233.2.2. Placement by Skills ...................................................... 243.2.3. Placement by Age ................................................................. 253.2.4. Placement by Ethnicity .................................................................. 263.2.5. Placement by Gender ......................................................... 263.2.6. Placement by Region ......................................................... 27

4. Vocational Training ...................................................................................... 294.1. Vocational Training by Skills .................................................................... 294.2. Training by Age .................................................................................. 304.3. Training by Ethnicity ................................................................................... 314.4. Training by Gender ................................................................................... 314.5. Training by Region ...................................................................................... 32

5. Resume ......................................................................................................................... 346. References ....................................................................................................................... 357. ANNEXES ........................................................................................................................... 36

7.1. Definitions and Terminology .................................................................. 367.1.1. Abbreviations .............................................................................................. 367.1.2. Definitions .............................................................................................. 37

7.2. Unemployment Overview ...................................................................................... 427.2.1. Survey on Unemployment ................................................................... 427.2.2. Unemployment by Municipality ................................................................... 42

7.3. Employment Service Performance .................................................... 437.4. Labour Force Demand (NACE and Diagrams) .....................................................47


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MAP OF KOSOVO

Department of Labour and Employment

Employment OfficesVocational Training Centres in Kosovo


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A. LIST OF TABLES

Content PageTable 1 Unemployment (Inflow, Outflow, Increase) 11Table 2 Unemployment by Skills 11Table 3 Unemployment by Age 12Table 4 Unemployment by Ethnicity 13Table 5 Unemployment by Gender 14Table 6 Unemployment flows by Region 15Table 7 Unemployment-Staff-Ratio 16Table 8 Vacancies by Skills 20Table 9 Vacancies by Regions 21Table 10 Placements, Vacancies, Rates 22Table 11 Placement by Skills/Placement-Rates 24Table 12 Placements by Age 25Table 13 Placements by Ethnicity 26Table 14 Placements by Gender 26Table 15 Placements by Region 27Table 16 Training by Skills 29Table 17 Training by Age 30Table 18 Training by Ethnicity 31Table 19 Training by Gender 31Table 20 Training by Region 32Table 21 Unemployment Overview 42Table 22 Regional Unemployment Overview 42Table 23 Placement Rates by Municipality 43Table 24 Internal Performance Indicators Gender / Skills / Age 44Table 25 Registration by Ethnicity / Albanians 45Table 26 Registration by Ethnicity / All Minorities 45Table 27 Registration by Ethnicity / Serbs 46Table 28 Registration by Ethnicity / Other Minorities 46Table 29 Registered Impaired 47Table 30 Placements by Sector / NACE 47Table 31 Vacancies by Sector / NACE 47


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B. LIST OF FIGURES

Content PageFigure 1 Increase Rate Registrations 11Figure 2 Increase Registrations by Skills 12Figure 3 12 months increase rate by Age 13Figure 4 12 months increase rate by Ethnicity 13Figure 6 12 months increase rate by Region 16Figure 6a 12 months increase rate by Region 16Figure 7 Outflow to Staff Ratio 17Figure 8 Outflow to Staff Ratio 17Figure 9 Employment Services 18Figure 10 Vacancies 19Figure 11 Vacancies by Economical Sectors 19Figure 12 Vacancies by Owner 20Figure 13 VRR by Skills 20Figure 14 VRR by Regions 21Figure 15 ASR by Regions 22Figure 16 Placements 22Figure 17 Placement by Sector 23Figure 18 Placement by Owner 23Figure 19 Placement Rate by Skills 24Figure 20 PVR by Skills 24Figure 21 Placement Rate by Age 25Figure 22 Placement Rate by Ethnicity 26Figure 23 Placement Rate by Regions 28Figure 24 Placement-Staff Ratio 28Figure 25 VT Participants 29Figure 26 Activation Rate by Skills 30Figure 27 Activation Rate by Age 30Figure 28 Activation Rate by Ethnicity 31Figure 29 Activation Rate by Gender 32Figure 30 Activation Rate by Region 33Figure 31 Inflow by Gender 48Figure 32 Outflow by Gender 48Figure 33 Placements by Gender 48Figure 34 Placements by Sector 49Figure 35 Placements by Owner 49Figure 36 Placements Priority Groups Young and Unskilled 49


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Executive Summary

The total number of unemployed registered job-seeking persons in public services ofemployment in Kosovo is 335905 people until in the end of 06/2011, thus representingan increase for 12 months -0.01%, which in fact shows a falling index compared to thesame period of the last year.

Over 90% of the registered unemployed are long-term unemployed.

The total number of unemployed female registered is 48.3%. The number of femaleregistration increased with about 1.38% for 12 last months. Whereas male registrationsdecreased by -1.27%.

60% of the registered unemployed in our employment offices refer to the educationallevel “unskilled”. The number of unemployed out of this skills group decreased by -0.1%in last 12 months.

The highest increase registration rate of 20.5% refers to unemployed with universitydegree. Unemployed registered in this skill level achieve the highest inflow and outflowrate, representing the highest dynamics of supply and demand of the labour force.

The youngest unemployed age group - from 15-24 years compared to other age groups,represent the highest inflow rate and under proportional outflow rate – thus resulting inthe highest increase of registration rate, which shows that in the period 06/2011cumulating for 12 months was 1.8%.

All registered minorities in public employment services realize an inflow rate of 1.2%,respectively minority communities have higher cumulated inflow rate in the 12 monthsperiod.

The highest number of registered unemployed refers to the employment offices in theregion Prishtina with 19.4% and Mitrovica with 19.3% continuing with Prizren 17.7%.

The cumulated number for 12 months of registered unemployed has increased by about1.8% in the region of Prishtina, whereas Prizren has had an increase of 0.9% followed byMitrovica with 0.3% whereas the other centres have marked a decrease of -3.9% in theRegion of Gjilan.

On the average, one Kosovan employment officer has taken care of 1846 registeredunemployed, what approximately is 12 times more than on the European average. With1147 unemployed per officer, the employment offices in the region of Gjilan face themost convenient situation, while officers in Mitrovica face a far lower employment ratewith 2480-to-1.


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The acquired number of vacancies by public employment services in Kosovo for 12 lastmonths is 9432, thus representing an increase in the offered vacancies with 14.4%compared to the results before 12 months in 06/2010.

68% of all vacancies cumulated for 12 months refer to the private sector and 32% topublic sector.

Around 69.3% of all vacancies refer to the tertiary sector (services). Primary sector hasincreased its’ share in all offered vacancies of 26.0% and secondary sector (production)with 4.7%.

In the 12 months period until 06/2011, public employment services have mediated 7699unemployed into new jobs, thus representing the placement rate of 2.3%. Compared toresults for 12 months period of the year 06/2010, results an increased rate of placementsof approximately 0.2%.

The economy of private sector has increased with 6% in absolute figures in relation tothe same period of the previous year. As far as it concerns the private placement in theprevious year was 59% against the other sector with 41% whereas this year the numberof placements is 69% to 31% favouring the private sector.

66% of cumulated placements for 12 months until 06/2011 refer to the tertiary sector.The secondary sector (production) has an increase on its’ share from 13% to 29% thisyear, whereas the primary sector has a decrease from 29% to 5%.

The unemployed male share that were placed into new jobs has decreased from 73.8%to 62.8% – thus representing a placement rate of 2.77%. Meanwhile, the female share inall placements has had an increase from 26.2% to about 37.2%, thus representing aplacement rate of 1.78%.

Unemployed with university degree for 12 months represent the placement rate of28.4%, this category is still in an inconvenient condition compared to other groups ofskills. Whereas the “unskilled” unemployed faced a decrease rate of placement with1.4%.

While the unemployed “unskilled female” have achieved the placement rate of 0.76%,what for “unskilled” male was 2.21%.

Young unemployed (15-24) have realized the highest placement rate for 12 months of2.92% in 06/2011. Placements are in negative correlation with the age: The older theage group, the fewer placements.

As for different ethnicities, the placement rate of registered Kosovo minorities is about2.49%. Registered Kosovo Albanians have reached a placement rate of 2.31%.


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Total number of unemployed who attended vocational training until 06/2011 for the last12 months is 3283, thus representing an activation rate of 0.98%. Compared to resultsfor 12 months in 06/2010, training capacities increased by about 7.5%.

The activation rate of female unemployed in Vocational Training increased from 0.7% to0.9%. While the activation rate of male unemployed also increased from about 1.0 to1.2%.

The young unemployed represent the highest activation rate in vocational training with1.5% and ratio of 49.8% compared to other age groups.

The unemployed of high skill levels still reach higher activation rate than the average forKosovo, while the activation rates in particular of two groups with low education remainfar below. Even though the “unskilled” people represent almost 60% of all unemployed –they cover only 25.4% of training capacities, respectively an activation rate of 0.44%.Unemployed in the education level “University Degree” benefit from the highestactivation rate which is 12.3%.

Female activation rate of educational level “unskilled” is 0.2% against mail figure which is0.7%.


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Introduction

Like in the previous years, this Performance Report addresses the issues of labour andemployment in Kosovo. Particular attention is paid to the procedures and outcomes of activeemployment promotion as carried out by the Department of Labour and Employment (DLE) of theKosovan Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare (MLSW) - respectively its Employment Division(ED) and its Vocational Training Division (VTD).

The report presents - as far as possible – the socio-demographical structure as well as thedevelopment of the registered unemployment, the employment mediation and the vocationaltraining.

Different from the annual report, the performance report 2010/2011 hardly refers to externalfigures. The focus is set on the development of internal figures and internal performanceindicators – mainly by comparing figures and developments in 12 months period until in theperiod 06/2011!

The figures used in this report refer to data collections carried out by the statistical officers of theMunicipal Employment Offices (MEO) and the respective Regional Employment Centres (REC).On account of this, the DLE developed data forms, covering registrations, vacancies, placementsand vocational training, as far as possible differentiated by gender, skills, age, ethnicity, region,sector of activity, sector by owner etc. The DLE statistical officers proved, compiled andprocessed the data in order to prepare monthly reports, which are the basis for both the annualreporting and the herewith presented Performance Report 2010/2011.

The main objective of this report is to support the decision making process and the policy designwithin the MLSW, particularly by the Minister and his advisors, the Permanent Secretary, theDLE Director as well as the heads of the ED and the VTD. Further on it aims to providetransparent information about the development of labour and employment in Kosovo to Kosovanand international stakeholders as well as to the interested public, by:

presenting and analysing the structure and facets of unemployment in Kosovo and it’sregions in particular regarding the socio-demographical aspects gender, skills, age andethnicity.

analysing vacancies offered and placements realized, through the Kosovan employmentservices, regarding the socio-demographical aspects as well as the structural aspects of thedemand side, such as the sectors by activity and by owner.

highlighting the structure of participants and the outcome of the vocational training as ameasure to enhance the employability of registered unemployed.

referring - wherever possible – the analysis to internationally accepted and comparableindicators as defined by Eurostat, ILO or European “common practice”.

Considering labour and employment - and its promotion - as a most serious topic regarding thestate of the Kosovan development as well as the welfare of the Kosovan people.


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2. Registered unemployment

In total 335,905 persona persons registered as unemployed with the Kosovan public employmentservices (PES) until the end of 06/2011 - representing a 12 months increase rate of -0.01%,which in fact shows the falling figures if compared with the same period of the previous year(fig.1).

Regarding declining rates since 06/2007 it hascontinued during this period as well and itdisplays an ongoing digressive tendency in thegrowth of unemployment. Current results aremainly caused by a reduced inflow tounemployment, which over-compensates aparallel declining outflow from unemployment,regarding the 12-months cumulateddevelopment from 06/2007 until 06/2011 and

shows in the best way the increase of outflows during this period (compare table 1).

It is noticed an obvious progress (particularly regarding the longer term tendencies since06/2007), the overall tendency of the labour market is still determined by relatively low inflow andoutflow rates, indicating continuously limited dynamics and capacities of the Kosovan economy interms of job-creation and the reintegration of unemployed to employment.

Long-term unemployment subsequentlyremains the core problem: With a“calculative” proportion (see annex“definitions”) of about 90% long termunemployed in a best case scenario and94% on the average, current figuresconfirm the outcomes as shown in the Labour and Employment Annual Report 2010 (seereferences).

2.1. Skills and Unemployment

Comparing the skills levels,with about 201574 persons,or almost 60% the group ofthe “unskilled” in 06/2011again represents the highestproportion out of the totalnumber of unemployed.

06/2007 06/2008 06/2009 06/2010 06/2011

12-months Inflow 26323 20664 21313 19776 19386IR monthly average 0.67% 0.51% 0.36% 0.35% 0.48%12 months Outflow 16970 17504 18714 22384 19407OR monthly average 0.43% 0.44% 0.46% 0.41% 0.48%12 months Increase 2.9% 0.95% 0.77% -0.77% -0.01%Table 1: Unemployment Inflow/Outflow

.SkillsISCED Registered

Unemployed %

12MonthsInflow

12MonthsOutflow

I R onmonthlyaverage

O R onmonthlyaverage

.Unskilled 0-2 201574 60.01% 9034 9192 0.37% 0.38%

.Semi-skilled 3 12214 3.64% 368 988 0.24% 0.66%

.Skilled 3a 28336 8.44% 706 674 0.21% 0.20%

.2nd. school 3c 87778 26.13% 6661 6563 0.63% 0.62%

.High school 4 2093 0.62% 165 203 0.65% 0.79%

.University 5a+ 3910 1.16% 2452 1787 5.66% 4.13%Table 2: Unemployment by Skills

2.86%

0.95% 0.77%

-0.77% -0.01%

06/2007 06/2008 06/2009 06/2010 06/2011

Fig. 1: Registration increase rate


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Similar to previous reporting periods, the “unskilled” unemployed also represent the highestshare and number of cumulated new registrations over the last 12 months (9034 persona).however, showing a decrease in the total number of new registrations by about -17.7%compared to the 12-months results in 06/2010 (table 2).

In both dimensions the “unskilled” arejust followed by unemployed on theskills level “secondary school”,representing nearly 26.13% of allregistrations and 34.4% out of thenew registrations – showing as well aslight increase in total figures which isaround 9.2%, but if compared to the12 months cumulated inflow in

06/2010 which is 17.7% then we have a decrease in percentage.

Repeatedly there is no clear relation of skills levels and the increase of unemployment: After along term decreasing tendency, the highest increase rate again refers to unemployed with auniversity degree (fig. 2). Nevertheless, the higher educated unemployed, with a “higher school”or “university” degree, continuously realize both - far higher inflow rates (IR) and outflow rates(OR), than unemployed on the lower skills levels (tab. 2).

The figures for unemployed on the higher educated skills levels indicate a relatively bettersituation regarding the labour market dynamics and a particularly much lower risk to remain long-term unemployed.

2.2. Age and Unemployment

The youngest age groupcontinuously faces the highestincrease rate in registrations withabout 1.8% while other age groupsare in regressive progress (see fig.3).

Different from previous reportingperiods, there is no clear relation of age and unemployment: Neither regarding the inflow nor theoutflow from unemployment (tab. 3).

Age Registeredunemployment

12MonthsInflow

12MonthsOutflow



15-24 107334 7415 5567 0.58% 0.44%25-39 148399 8083 8085 0.45% 0.45%40-54 63231 2857 3884 0.37% 0.51%55-64 16941 1031 1871 0.50% 0.90%Table 3: Unemployment by Age

Unskilled-0.1% Semi-skilled

-4.8%

Skilled0.1%

2nd school0.1%

Higherschool-1.8%

Uni20.5%

Fig.2. Registration Increase by Skills


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In contrast with the general tendency, the unemployedof age group 40-54 represent a lower increase ofinflow rate. This category also has a positive roleregarding inflow-outflow of unemployed registrations(see tab 3).

At the same time, as the only age group, unemployedin the age of 55-64 years again profit from a positiveoutflow-inflow relation and decreasing figures of -4.7%of number in registrations (see tab. 3, fig. 3).

2.3. Ethnicity and Unemployment

Considering the current state ofthe Kosovan labouradministration, a presentation ofregistrations by ethnicity, withfirst priority aims at

comparatively regarding the developments concerning the access of minorities to the Kosovanpublic employment services.

The 12-months increase rate in registrations during this period displays positive result of allregistered minority communities (1.2%), despite the fact that the Serb community which has adecrease in registrations with about -0.4%.

Except this, the minorities still reach approximate results inregard to average rate of monthly inflows and of the monthlyaverage rate of outflows until in the period 06/2011 (see table2).

Different from former reporting period, the 12-monthscumulated outflow from unemployment shows approximatelysame figures for Kosovo Albanians, Serbs and for otherminorities in Kosovo (however showing almost equal results or with 0.1 percentage pointsdifference for Kosovo Albanians, Serbs compared to other minorities in Kosovo – see table 4).

On the one hand higher inflow and increase rates in this case positively indicate continuingprogress in the inclusion of minorities as far it concerns the access to services offered by theKosovan public employment offices. Almost equal outflow rates and under-proportional on theother hand represent in comparative manner worse conditions regarding chances for Kosovominorities in the labour market in general (particularly as far it concerns non-Serb minorities).

Ethnicity RegisteredUnemployed %

12MonthsInflow

12MonthsOutflow



.K-Albanians 305842 91.1 17257 17636 0.47% 0.48%

.K-Serbs 12997 3.9 693 751 0.44% 0.48%

.All Minorities 30063 8.9 2129 1771 0.59% 0.49%Table 4: Ethnicity and Unemployment

1.8%

0.0%

-1.6%

-4.7%

15-24 25-39 40-54 55-64

Fig.3. 12 months Increase rate by Age

Albanians

-0.1%Serbs- 0.4%

AllMin

1.2%

Fig. 4: 12 months Increase rateby ethnicity


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2.4. Gender and Unemployment

In total the current stock of registrations until 06/2011 consists of 162277 female and 173628

male unemployed. The number of female registrations increased by 1.38% over the last 12months. During the same time the number of registered male unemployed has had an under-proportional decrease by about -1.27%. With 0.18 percentage points the total gender gap in theincrease rates is significantly higher than in 06/2010.

Due to a continuously higher relative and total increase of female registrations, the share of maleunemployed in 06/2011 reached a level now to 48.3% out of the current number of registeredunemployed in Kosovo (see table 5).

Similar to 06/2010, in 06/2011 female unemployed face a lower and decreasing average monthlyinflow rate (0.52%) than male unemployed (0.45%).

Regarding the outflow, female unemployed under proportionally suffer from the general decline inthe 12-months cumulated results in 12 in 06/2011, Nevertheless, the female monthly-averageoutflow rate still remains significantly (0.40%) below the outcome for male unemployed (0.56%).

Looking for a relation of gender divergences to the “risk” groups of young (15-24) and “unskilled”unemployed reveals ambivalent results: In 06/2011 the female unemployed in the age of 15-24face a 12-months increase rate in registrations (2.28%) which is 1.0 percentage points lower thanprevious year, but it is equal to female unemployed of other age groups. Nevertheless theyrealize a bit higher increase in comparison to the male unemployed of the same age (0.7%)which as well has a decrease in relation to 06/2010.

Regarding the skills levels, in 06/2011 the female share out of the “unskilled” unemployedreached almost 57.8%. The 12-months increase rate in registrations is lower for “unskilled”

06/2008 06/2009 06/2010 06/2011

Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male

12 Months Inflow 9481 11183 9081 12232 9486 10290 9976 9410

IR monthly average 0.50% 0.52% 0.40% 0.36% 0.40% 0.31% 0.52% 0.45%

12 Months Outflow 6898 10606 6868 11846 9507 12877 7764 11643

OR monthly average 0.37% 0.50% 0.36% 0.46% 0.30% 0.50% 0.40% 0.56%

12 Months Increase 2583 577 2213 386 -21 -2587 2212 -2233

12 Months Increase rate 1.7% 0.3% 1.4% 0.2% -0.01% -1.45% 1.38% -1.27%

Unemployed 157873 178062 160086 178448 160065 175861 162277 173628

Proportion 47.0% 53.0% 47.3% 52.7% 47.6% 52.4% 48.3% 51.7%

12 Months Increase unskilled 2.1% 0.1% 1.85% 0.03% -0.1% -1.1% 1.23% -1.82%

Registered “unskilled” 113190 87542 115287 87570 115117 86615 116536 85038

Proportion “unskilled” 56.4% 43.6% 56.8% 43.2% 57.1% 42.9% 57.8% 42.2%

12 Months Increase 15-24 3.5% 3.4% 3.0% 1.8% 3.4% 1.6% 2.8% 0.7%

Registered 15-24 48272 52306 49698 53253 51374 54112 52832 54502

Proportion 15-24 48.0% 52.0% 48.3% 51.7% 48.7% 51.3% 49.2% 50.8%

Table 5: Unemployment by Gender


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female (1,23%) than for “unskilled” male unemployed (-1.82%) – and, although significantlydecreasing as well, with -1.1% in -1.8%, the total gender gap in the increase rates within thisskills group remains above the average.

However, different from “unskilled” male, “unskilled” female unemployed profit from a decliningincrease rate in registrations (compare table 5).

2.5. Regional Developments

Employment offices in theregion of Prishtina until06/2011 face the higheststock in the current numberof registered unemployed(65139), just followed by theregion of Mitrovica (64813),(see tab. 6).

Compared to previousreporting periods, regionaldivergences particularlyregarding the increase ratein registrations significantlydeclined (from around 0.2%to -10% difference betweenhighest and lowest regionalincrease rates - see fig. 6,6a and tab. 6).

While the regions of Gjilanand Peja in 06/2011 report the lowest increase in registrations over the last 12 months (-3.9%and -0.7%), whereas the regions of Prishtina and Prizren show the highest 12-months increaserate in registrations (1.8% and 0.9%). (fig. 6a).

Despite facing the still highest inflow rate, the respective employment offices realised the farhighest (and highest increasing) relative outflow from unemployment (outflow rate – see tab. 6).

Mainly based on declining inflow to unemployment a further significant reduction in the increaserate of registrations could be realised in the region of Prishtina, Gjilan and Prizren (tab. 6, fig. 6,6a).

Regions Inflow Rate (IR) % Outflow Rate (OR) % Totalregistered

unemployed06/2011 monthlyaverage

monthlyaverage

monthlyaverage

12 monthscumulating

.Ferizaj 0.48% 5.77% 0.53% 6.31% 35899

.Gjakovë 0.41% 4.87% 0.42% 5.04% 40869

.Gjilan 0.64% 7.71% 0.97% 11.69% 34412

.Mitrovicë 0.31% 3.72% 0.29% 3.46% 64813

.Pejë 0.47% 5.61% 0.52% 6.27% 35261

.Prishtinë 0.60% 7.26% 0.45% 5.46% 65139

.Prizren 0.50% 6.00% 0.42% 5.08% 5951206/2010

.Ferizaj 0.33% 3.97% 0.42% 4.99% 36095

.Gjakovë 0.29% 3.48% 0.29% 3.49% 40938

.Gjilan 0.53% 6.34% 0.70% 8.36% 35805

.Mitrovicë 0.28% 3.38% 0.22% 2.59% 64647

.Pejë 0.28% 3.35% 0.24% 2.89% 35496

.Prishtinë 0.39% 4.71% 0.63% 7.51% 63978

.Prizren 0.39% 4.74% 0.38% 4.56% 5896706/2009

.Ferizaj 0.33% 3.98% 0.42% 5.01% 36036

.Gjakovë 0.29% 3.51% 0.25% 2.97% 40407

.Gjilan 0.53% 6.33% 0.61% 7.36% 36741

.Mitrovicë 0.29% 3.42% 0.25% 2.97% 64105

.Pejë 0.28% 3.38% 0.24% 2.82% 39427

.Prishtinë 0.39% 4.64% 0.93% 11.18% 63872

.Prizren 0.40% 4.78% 0.41% 4.88% 57946

Table 6: Inflow/Outflow Rates / Registrations -06/2011 - 06/2010 - 06/2009


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Different from the regions of Gjilan, Ferizajand Peja, have realized higher outflow than allother offices of employment and regions inKosovo 06/2011. But the same offices haverealized higher outflow cumulated for 12months from unemployment than in 06/2010.

The lowest average monthly and 12 monthscumulated outflow rate is repeatedly reportedfrom the region of Mitrovica by 3.46%(compare table 6).

2.6. Unemployment-Staff Ratio / Regional Capacities

In total 182 regional employment officers(without support staff) had to care for about 335thousand registered unemployed on the 12-months average, resulting in an unemployment-staff ratio of 1846:1 (decreasing from 1860:1 -table 7).

According to these figures in 06/2011 theoperational staff of the employment serviceshas relatively remained same and theunemployment staff-ratio has also remained nearly the same.

Like in 06/2010, the employment offices in the region of Mitrovica continuously suffer from theworst unemployment-staff ratio (2493:1), again followed by the region of Prizren (2480:1). Incontrast to that, the employment offices in the region of Gjilan faced the lowest averageunemployment-staff-ratio (1174:1) over 12 months until 06/2011, followed by the region ofPrishtina (1551:1).

As a common experience, a high capacity effort caused by a combination of a relatively higherunemployment-staff and inflow-staff ratio, should result in a relatively lower outflow-to-staffrelation and vice-versa.

Regions 12-monthsaverage reg.Unemployed

Unemploymentto-StaffRatio

Inflow-to-StaffRatio

Outflow-to-StaffRatio

Ferizaj 35899 1889:1 109:1 120:1Gjakovë 40869 1946:1 95:1 98:1Gjilan 34412 1147:1 90:1 136:1Mitrovicë 64813 2493:1 93:1 86:1Pejë 35261 1763:1 99:1 111:1Prishtinë 65139 1551:1 111:1 84:1Prizren 59512 2480:1 148:1 126:1All 335905 1846:1 107:1 107:1Table 7: Unemployment-Staff Ratio

Ferizaj0.2%

Gjakova1.3%

Gjilan-2.5%

Mitrovica0.8%

Peja-10.0%

Prishtina0.2%

Prizren1.8%

Fig. 6a: 12 months increase rate by region 06/2010

Ferizaj-0.5%

Gjakova-0.2%

Gjilan-3.9%

Mitrovica0.3%

Peja-0.7%

Prishtina1.8% Prizren

0.9%

Fig. 6: 12 months increase rate by region 06/2011


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However, according to differences concerning the administrative performance and workflowprocedures, the actual outcome may verify this partially: Regarding the relatively high outflow-staff performance of the employment offices in the region of Gjilan, the respective results are

(positively) corresponding to itscomparably lowunemployment-staff ratio - andan inflow-staff relation, which isnear to the Kosovan average.

Slightly contrasting, theemployment officers in theregion of Prizren, Ferizaj andPeja suffer from a far over

proportional unemployment-staff ratio and the far worstinflow-staff relation, but are stillrealising the highest outflow-to-staff performance (tab. 7,fig. 8).

Despite both – a relatively lowunemployment staff ratio and

an under proportional inflow-staff relation, different from above shown examples, the employmentofficers in the region of Mitrovica only realise an under proportional and decreasing outflow-to-staff performance.

Facing an unemployment-staff ratio near to the Kosovan average and profiting from the lowestinflow-staff pressure, the worst outflow-to staff performance over 12 months until 06/2011 isreported from the region of Prishtina (fig. 7, 8, tab. 7).

As usual these results may indicate different economical developments within the regions as wellas different regional priorities, regarding employment promotion support activities implementedon the central level of DLE.

Nevertheless they probably also reveal significant disparities regarding the performance ofadministrative procedures. Nevertheless it should not remain unmentioned, that the Kosovanunemployment-staff ratio is 12-times higher, than on the European average – and that, despitethis, the Kosovan employment services face an ongoing reduction of staff.

Ferizaj120 Gjakova

98

Gjilan136

Mitrovica86

Peja111

Prishtina84

Prizren126

KosovoAverage

107

Fig. 7. 12 Months Outflow Rate by Staff 06/2011

Ferizaj89

Gjakova81

Gjilan133 Mitrovica

71

Peja302

Prishtina100

Prizren122

KosovoAverage

123

Fig. 8. 12 Months Outflow Rate by Staff 06/2010


18

Registration

Counselling

Matching Procedure

Training

Unemployed Employer

Vacancy

No success Success

Placement

EmploymentServices

AdviceInformationIncentives

3. Employment mediation

Regarding the general procedures of the public employment services, the main task is to registerunemployed in order to reintegrate them to employment.

Unemployed: - After the registration, this means to advice the unemployed in terms of theirfuture employment and / or career development. If necessary a vocational training is switchedbetween to update required skills.

Employer: - The objective to lead unemployed to employment is based on the successfulacquisition of vacancies - as well as to properly match unemployed – as the personnel offered –with the demand reported. This procedure usually is called Employment-Mediation: Contactemployers, acquire vacancies (demand), place jobseekers (offer). As far as possible, theoutcome of this procedure will be illustrated in the following chapter.


19

3. 1. Vacancies

Until 06/2011 the Kosovan publicemployment services acquired 9432vacancies cumulated over the last 12months. Compared to the results in 06/2010these figures represent an increase of14.4%.

Referring to the number of persons whoregistered as unemployed, the number ofvacancies acquired, results in a vacancy-registration-rate (VRR) of nearly 2.81% in 06/2011 – increasing with about 0.40% in relation to06/2010 (fig. 10).

In other words, within a 12 months period, there was 1 vacancy available for about 36unemployed (while it was 1 vacancy for 41 unemployed in 06/2010). Considering a (morerealistic) monthly average gives a more drastic impression on the current situation: Statisticallyevery month more than 427 unemployed have to compete for 1 vacancy offered – decreasingfrom a monthly average of about 492:1 in 06/2010 (compare DLE Performance Report2009/2010).

3.1.1. Vacancies by Sector

Regarding the classical

classification of the economical

sectors, most vacancies offered

over the last 12 months until

06/2011 again referred to the

tertiary sector (services,

69.3%), followed by the

secondary sector (agriculture

with 26.% and primary sector

(production, 4.7%).Compared

to results of 12 months in 06/2010, tertiary sector showed an increasing share on all vacancies

reported, while similarly the shares in all vacancies of secondary sector have had a significant

increase, only the primary sector had a decline from 4.7% that was in the previous year from

approximately 24.8% (fig.11).

74085971

7906 82429432

06/2007 06/2008 06/2009 06/2010 06/2011

Fig. 10: 12 Months Cumulated Vacancies

17.7%

24.8%

4.7%

16.6%

18.2%

26.0%

65.7%

57.1%

69.3%

06/2009

06/2010

06/2011

Fig. 11: 12 Months Cumulated Vacancies by Sector

Terthiary Secondary Primary


20

Following the

general tendency a

look on the sectors

“by owner” not

unexpected reveals

an increase in

public (0.97%) and

an increase in

private sector

demand (1.24%). With decrease of the demand in the public sector in an under-proportional way

06/2011 we can see an increase of the number of vacancies in the share of the private sector

compared to vacancies which refer to public sector.

The proportional share of the public sector has decreased from 38% to 32%, while the demand

of the private sector accordingly increased from 62% to 68% (fig. 12).

3.1.2. Vacancies by Skills

Representing still 40%of the totaldemand,the highestnumber ofvacanciesoffered over the last 12 months until 06/2011 referred to unemployed on the skills-level“secondary school” - just followed by the skill level “unskilled” with 37%.

However, the total number of vacanciesaddressed to these skills groupstremendously increased by far more than30% compared to the 12 months resultsin 06/2010 (tab. 8).

An increasing demand is reported forthe skill level “University”. A slight increase is referred also to skill level “Higher School”.

SkillsISCED Prop.

cumulated Difference VRR VRR VRR VRR12-Months to 06/2010 06/08 06/09 06/10 06/11

Unskilled 0-2 37% 3508 -7% 1.1% 1.6% 2.0% 1.7%semi-skilled 3 3% 306 97% 1.3% 1.3% 1.1% 2.4%Skilled 3a 3% 319 -3% 0.7% 1.3% 1.3% 1.1%2nd. school 3c 40% 3732 30% 2.7% 3.2% 3.2% 4.2%high school 4 1% 119 -5% 9.3% 11.3% 5.6% 5.6%University 5a+ 15% 1448 46% 30.4% 32.6% 28.5% 40.1%Table 8: Vacancy Registration Rate by skills levels

37%Public2772

32%Public1917

39%Public3111

38%Public3096

32%Public3012

63%Private

4636

68%Private

4054

61%Private

4795

62%Private

5146

68%Private

6420

06/2007 06/2008 06/2009 06/2010 06/2011

Fig. 12: 12 Months Cumulated Vacancies by Owner

Unskilled1.7%

Semi-skilled2.4%

Skilled1.1%

2ndSchool4.2%

Higherschool5.6%

uni40.1%Fig. 13: 12 Months Cumulated Vacancies by Skills


21

To gain a more realistic impression on the relation of skills and labour demand, affords to have alook on the vacancy-registration rate (VRR) - by referring the vacancies offered to the share ofeach skills level out of the total number of registered unemployed:

Although facing increasing results at the vacancy number the higher educated unemployed stillrealize a 12-months vacancy-registration rate (VRR) far above all other skills levels. The lowestVRR of 1.1% refers to “skilled” (compare fig. 13).

While more than 32 unemployed with a university degree and about 211 unemployed on theskills level “higher school” compete for 1 vacancy offered on the monthly average, statisticallythis relation is about 1066-to-1 for the skills level “semi-skilled” – also more than 282-to-1 for theskills level “secondary school”.

In other words the outcome confirms: “Higher skills – more jobs!”

3.1.3. Vacancies by Region

Following the generaltendency, all theregions faced anincrease except Ferizajwith their number ofvacancies acquired for12 last months until06/2011.

The highest decrease compared to the 12-month results in 06/2010 refers to the employmentoffices in the region of Ferizaj with -20.4%.

Whereas in the other regions we have had an increase. Taking into account the proportionalrelation of vacancies andunemployed within the regions, theemployment offices in the region ofGjilan, Peja and Prishtina realized thehighest 12-months cumulatedvacancy-registration rate (VRR 3.8%,3.7% and 3.4%).

In contrast to that, the unemployed inthe region of Mitrovica suffered from the worst situation concerning the VRR in 06/2011 (VRR1.4% - see fig 14).

Regions cumulated12-Months

Increaseto 06/2010

ASR06/08

VRR06/08

ASR06/09

VRR06/09

ASR06/10

VRR06/10

ASR06/11

VRR06/11

Ferizaj 749 -20.4% 26:1 1.4% 46:1 2.4% 50:1 2.4% 39:1 2.1%Gjakova 1094 44.3% 25:1 1.3% 29:1 1.5% 36:1 1.8% 52:1 2.7%Gjilan 1323 4.3% 28:1 2.3% 44:1 3.6% 42:1 3.3% 44:1 3.8%Mitrovica 921 12.3% 28:1 1.2% 25:1 1.0% 32:1 1.1% 35:1 1.4%Peje 1318 3.0% 30:1 1.6% 48:1 2.5% 64:1 3.0% 66:1 3.7%Prishtine 2184 10.3% 34:1 2.1% 48:1 3.1% 47:1 3.4% 52:1 3.4%Prizren 1843 54.2% 58:1 2.5% 61:1 2.5% 50:1 2.4% 77:1 3.1%

Table 9: Vacancies by Region

Ferizaj2.1%

Gjakova2.7%

Gjilan3.8%

Mitrovica1.4%

Peja3.7% Prishtina

3.4%Prizren

3.1%

Fig. 14: 12 Months VRR by Region


22

While on the monthly average statistically about 427 unemployed compete for 1 vacancy inGjilan, this relation is 317-to-1, whereas in Mitrovica it is 844-to-1.

Considering different servicecapacities in terms of staff within theregions, the highest 12-monthsacquisition-staff ratio (ASR) wasagain reached in the region of Prizrenwith (77:1).

Apart from this the regional ASRsreveal an obvious decline in regional disparities regarding the individual acquisition performanceof the regional employment officers (see figure 15 and table 9) – what most likely is based onharmonized pro-active procedures.

3.2. Placements

In addition to the outflow (which consists of

mediated placements and deregistration for

further reasons), the placements may be

regarded as most important for a performance

evaluation of the activities implemented by the

Kosovan public employment services.

They represent a direct revisable indicator concerning its main objective: Leading unemployed to

employment.

During a time period of 12 months until 06/2011, the Kosovan employment offices realized 7699

placements of unemployed persons into new jobs.

Compared to the 12-months results reached in

06/2010, this is an increase of more than

10.5% of employment mediation during the

period 06/2011.

Referring the job-placements to the average

number of registered unemployed during that

time, accordingly results in a 12-months placement rate (PR) of about 2.3% - increasing with

about 2.1% in 06/2010 (see table 10 and fig. 16).

06/2007 06/2008 06/2009 06/2010 06/2011

Placements 6265 5808 6392 6966 7699

Vacancies 7408 5971 7906 8242 9432

PVR 85% 97% 81% 85% 82%

PR 1.9% 1.7% 1.9% 2.1% 2.3%

Table 10: Placements / Vacancies

Ferizaj39

Gjakova52 Gjilan

44 Mitrovica35

Peja66 Prishtina

52

Prizren77

Fig. 15: 12 Months ASR by Region

6265 5808 6392 69667699

06/2007 06/2008 06/2009 06/2010 06/2011

Fig. 16: 12 Months cumulated placements


23

Referring to the 12 months cumulated number of vacancies acquired until 06/2011, the number

of placements reported, results in an average placement-vacancy-rate (PVR) of 82%, while it

was 85% in 06/2010 (tab 10).

As far this concerns the matching performance of the respective employment offices (and

officers), the results of the PVR in general seem to indicate a stabilization of matching

procedures. However, slightly increasing rates of the PVR are mainly technically caused by

an over proportional increase of vacancies in relation to the development of realized

placements.

3.2.1. Placements by Sector

The tertiary sector keeps itsdominant position also interms of placements.Nevertheless, compared to the12-months results reported in06/2011, 06/2010 and06/2009, the tertiary sector in06/2011 again shows arelatively same size of itsshare on all placements.

While the proportion of the primary sector shows a decrease with 5%, the share on allplacements referring to the secondary sector which is still about 29%. Both sectors nowrepresent 34% of all placements within a period of 12 months until 06/2011 (see fig. 17).

Regarding the sectors by ownershows a continuously growingshare of placements referring tothe public sector, which over 12months absorbed 69% of allplacements until 06/2011.Correspondingly the share of allplacements referring to the publicsector at the same time declineddown to 31% (compare fig. 18).

Comparing the results in 06/2010 and 06/2009 in absolute figures, against the general tendencythe 12-months cumulated number of placements into the private sector economy increased by

Public31%

Public39%

Public41% Public

31%

Private69%

Private61%

Private59%

Private69%

06/2008 06/2009 06/2010 06/2011

Fig. 18: 12 Months placements by Owner

22%

29%

5%

15%

13%

29%

63%

58%

66%

06/2009

06/2010

06/2011

Fig. 17: 12 Months placements by sector

Terthiary Secondary Primary


24

about 10%. Different from that, the 12 months cumulated public sector placements showed asignificant decrease by about -10% (see Kosovo Labour Market Information 06/2010 and06/2011, see references).

3.2.2. Placements by Skills

Near to the

figures of

previous

reports, the

highest

number of

placements

over a 12 months period until 06/2010 refers to unemployed on the skills level “secondary

school” and to “unskilled” unemployed.

Nevertheless, unemployed on almost all skills levels face an increase in the total number of

placements compared to the 12 months cumulated results in 06/2010. As the only exception,

unemployed with a university degree profit from increasing placements with 51% (tab. 11).

Also the proportional results of job

placements by skills levels again

confirm a direct relation of skills and

employment.

The 12-months placement rate in

06/2011 is still far above the Kosovan

average of 2.3% for unemployed

referring to the three higher skills

levels – in particular for those with a

university degree – while it remains

below for unemployed with a lower

education (fig. 19).

Referring the placements realized to

the vacancies reported reveals high and over proportional results regarding the placement-

vacancy rate (PVR) for the two largest groups of unemployed, referring to the skills levels

Placements ISCEDTotal 12Months

Differenceto 06/2010

PR06/08

PVR06/08

PR06/09

PVR06/09

PR06/10

PVR06/10

PR06/11

PVR06/11

Unskilled 0-2 2767 -14.9% 1.2% 105% 1.4% 85% 1.7% 85% 1.4% 79%

Semi-skilled 3 335 150.0% 0.9% 73% 1.2% 92% 1.2% 115% 2.7% 109%

Skilled 3a 310 -4.9% 1.0% 145% 1.4% 103% 1.4% 107% 1.1% 97%

2nd. school 3c 3206 27.9% 2.8% 102% 2.7% 84% 3.0% 93% 3.7% 86%

High school 4 56 -17.6% 5.6% 60% 3.3% 30% 3.0% 53% 2.6% 47%

University 5a+ 1025 51.0% 20.6% 28% 20.0% 29% 19.8% 30% 28.4% 37%

Tab. 11: Placement by Skills

Un-skilled 1.4%

Semi-skilled2.7%

Skilled1.1%

2d School3.7%

HigherSchool2.6%

Uni28.4%Fig. 19: Placemet rate by skills for 12 months

Un-skilled

79%

Semi-skilled109% Skilled

97%

2ndSchool

86% HigherSchool

47% Uni37%

Fig. 20. PVR by skills


25

“unskilled”, “skilled” and “secondary school”. Contrasting that, unemployed with a higher

education (“higher school” and “university”) repeatedly face an under proportional PVR:

On the one hand this tendency might partially indicate further potential in future placements as

far it concerns the higher educated groups – but at the same time a still needed adjustment of

required skills, to achieve further possible mediations.

While the Kosovan labour market in general suffers from limitations in labour demand, the

segment of higher skilled personnel seemingly faces restrictions in labour supply (see also DLE

Annual Report 2010, references).

3.2.3. Placements by Age

Concerning the age groups, themain aspect to remark is therepeatedly realised reverse relationto the placement rates. Confirmingongoing high affords in theimplementation of the prioritiesexplicitly expressed by MLSW/DLE, the youngest unemployed in the age of 15-24 again achievethe highest 12 months cumulated placement rate also in 06/2011 (fig. 21).

However, reminding the high demographical

pressure particularly on young unemployed –

resulting in highest inflow and increase rates in

registrations (see tab. 3, fig. 3) - as well as an

over proportional decrease in placements

compared to the 12 months results in 06/2011,

gives reason to further observe this issue: Taking

into account the high share of placements on the total outflow from unemployment demonstrates

the high need to extend the implementation of active employment promotion and support in

employment mediation addressed in particular to unemployed in the age of 15-24 and 25-39

years (compare table 12 and 3, see also DLE Annual Report 2010).

Placementsby age

Total 12Months

Differenceto 06/2010

PR06/07

PR06/08

PR06/09

PR06/10

PR06/11

15-24 3108 22.80% 2.39% 2.41% 2.28% 2.60% 2.92%

25-39 3439 8.49% 1.93% 1.72% 1.97% 2.16% 2.32%

40-54 1044 -6.45% 1.52% 1.19% 1.55% 1.76% 1.64%

55+ 108 -27.52% 0.44% 0.41% 0.62% 0.83% 0.63%

Tab. 12: Placement by Age

2.92%2.32%

1.64%

0.63%

15-24 25-39 40-54 55+

Fig. 21: 12 months placement rate


26

3.2.4. Placements by Ethnicity

Corresponding to the

high dominant

proportion of Kosovo-

Albanians within the

registered unemployed

(tab. 4), not unexpected also the highest 12-months cumulated number of placements in 06/2011

again refers to this group.

Regarding the relation of placements and registrations, the

Kosovo-Albanians realize a 12-months placement rate (PR)

very slightly above the Kosovan average of 2.31%.

Suffering from an under proportional decrease in total

placements compared to the 12 months results in 06/2011, the

Kosovo Serbs again face a placement rate below the Kosovan average and below the results

referring to registered Kosovo Albanians, whereas other minorities have an over proportional

increase compared to Kosovo average placement rate with 2.49% (fig. 22, tab. 13).

3.2.5. Placements by Gender

Taking into account a female share out of all unemployed by nearly 48.3% and a female shareon all placements by about 37.2%, female unemployed obviously continuously face an underproportional placement performance.

Nevertheless,different from the 12months results in06/2010, in 06/2011female unemployedfaced a decrease inthe gender gap.

While in comparisonto 06/2010 female unemployed faced an increase of 57.% in the 12-months cumulated number ofplacements until 06/2011.

The job placements referring to male unemployed decreased by about -6% at the same time.

Placements Total 12Months

12-monthsDifference

PR06/2007

PR06/2008

PR06/2009

PR06/2010

PR06/2011

Albanians 7057 12.0 1.92% 1.78% 2.00% 2.15% 2.31%

Other Minorities 419 -17.0 1.65% 1.66% 1.22% 2.58% 2.49%

Serbs 223 41.1 1.39% 0.68% 0.45% 1.17% 1.71%

Tab. 13: Placement by Ethnicity

Placements 06/2007 06/2008 06/2009 06/2010 06/2011F M F M F M F M F M

Total 1727 4538 2024 3784 1700 4692 1823 5143 2865 4834

PR 1.1% 2.6% 1.3% 2.1% 1.1% 2.6% 1.1% 3.4% 1.78% 2.77%

Proportion 27.6% 72.4% 34.8% 65.2% 26.6% 73.4% 26.2% 73.8% 37.2% 62.8%

Increase -13% -18% 17% -17% -16% 24% 7% 10% 57% -6%

PR unskilled 0.39% 2.35% 0.65% 1.78% 0.36% 2.7% 0.5% 3.3% 0.76% 2.21%

PR 15-24 1.7% 3.0% 2.2% 2.6% 1.37% 3.1% 1.5% 3.7% 2.61% 3.22%

Tab. 14: Placement by Gender

Alb.2.31%

Min.2.49% Serb

1.71%

Fig. 22: Placement rate byethnicity


27

Similar to previous reporting periods, a look on the “unemployment risk groups” by genderreveals ambivalent results regarding the job-placements of young (15-24) and “unskilledunemployed”:

While “unskilled” female unemployed still suffer from the far worst 12-months PR of about 0.76%- remaining almost on the level of 06/2010 with a slight increase. the PR of “unskilled” male in06/2011 decreased under proportionally from 3.3% to 2.2%, resulting in a still gender gap. (seetable 14).

Regarding the age groups, young female faced an increase and also young male unemployedfaced an increase of PR. Nevertheless the PR is higher and the respective gender gap within thisgroup is lower than on the average (table 14).

3.2.6. Placements by Region

Regarding the development within the Kosovan regions, in 06/2011 the highest number ofplacements cumulated within a 12-months time period was realised by the employment offices inregion of Prishtina (tab. 15).

A look on theplacements relative tothe share of each regionon the total number ofregistered unemployed,leads to a slightvariation: The highest –and only increasing -12-months cumulated placement rate (PR) in 06/2011 was realized by the employment offices in theregion of Prishtina (PR: 3.1%) – while the offices within the region of Prizren just followed by thenearly same figures by Prishtina (PR: 2.9% - see tab. 15, fig. 23).

Different from the results reported from all other regions which have faced an increase whereas

the region of Prishtina has suffered a decline on its’ total number of placements compared to

results for 12 months until 06/2010 from 3.1% to 2.9% (see table 15).

Facing a 12-months PR of 1.1%, unemployed in the region of Mitrovica repeatedly suffered from

the far lowest results concerning the realized placements 06/2011 (fig. 23, table 15).

Regions cumulated12-Months

Increaseto 06/10

PR06/08

PSR06/08

PR06/09

PSR06/09

PR06/10

PSR06/10

PR06/11

PSR06/11

Ferizaj 670 6.9% 1.7% 32:1 1.7% 33:1 1.9% 33:1 1.9% 35:1Gjakova 944 17.7% 1.3% 23:1 1.4% 26:1 2.0% 38:1 2.3% 45:1Gjilan 1018 -11.6% 2.2% 26:1 2.7% 33:1 2.9% 38:1 2.9% 34:1Mitrovica 713 0.3% 1.1% 27:1 0.9% 23:1 1.1% 27:1 1.1% 27:1Peje 667 9.0% 1.4% 27:1 1.4% 27:1 1.5% 31:1 1.9% 33:1Prishtine 1844 -1.4% 1.9% 31:1 2.5% 39:1 3.1% 45:1 2.9% 44:1Prizren 1843 54.5% 2.5% 58:1 2.5% 61:1 2.4% 50:1 3.1% 77:1

Table 15:Placement by Region


28

Taking into consideration once more

different regional capacities in terms of

staff, reveals ongoing regional disparities

in the placement performance.

In continuation since 06/2007, compared

to the further regions, the employment

officers in the region of Prizren are most

successful, realizing the far highest

placement-staff ratio (PSR 77:1) also in

06/2011.

An increasing PSR in 06/2011 was

achieves by the officers in the region of

Gjakova and Prishtina. The far worst

performance regarding the PSR is reported from the offices in the regions of Mitrovica and Peja

(PSR 27:1 and 33:1).

Ferizaj1.9%

Gjakova2.3%

Gjilan2.9%

Mitrovica1.1%

Peja1.9%

Prishtina2.9%

Prizren3.1%

Fig. 23: 12 Months PR by Region

Ferizaj35

Gjakova45 Gjilan

34 Mitrovica27

Peja33

Prishtina44

Prizren77

Fig. 24: 12 Months PSR by Region


29

4. Vocational training

Besides the Employment Division (ED),

Department of Labour and Employment (DLE),

is also managing the Vocational Training

Division (VTD).

The objective of this Division is to support the

employability of registered unemployed. To

reach this, the VTD runs a network of 8 DLE-

owned regional vocational training centres and some small centres as subsidiaries.

In addition the VTD co-ordinates vocational training capacities of external allied training

institutions - as there are for example the Don Bosco Vocational Training Centre in Prishtina

(Italy). Further partners in the field of employment promotion and training are, ILO, GTZ, LUX,

UNDP and further more.

Cumulated over 12 months, 3283 unemployed entered a vocational training until 06/2011.

Compared to the 12 months development at 06/2010 this is an increase of nearly 7.6%.

Referring the 12-months cumulated number of training participants (entries) in 06/2011 to the

average number of registered unemployed at this time, results in a 12-months activation rate

(AR) of below 0.98% thus marking a slight increase of around 0.10% in 06/2010. Referring the

12-months cumulated number of participants in 06/2011, to the number of certified, it results into

Graduation Rate (GR) of about 80%, marking an increase from 77% what was in 06/2010

(compare Kosovo Labour Market Information, see according chapters at DLE Performance

Report DLE 06/2010 and 06/2009).

4.1. Training by Skills

Concerning thedifferent skills-levelsof the trainedunemployed, thefigures reportedreveal an ongoingpolarization:Disproportional to

Skills ISCED12

MonthsIncreaseto 06/10

PropEntries

AR06/09

CR06/09

AR06/10

CR06/10

AR06/11

CR06/11

Unskilled 0-2 894 25.4% 27% 0.39% 72.3% 0.32% 75.2% 0.44% 74%

Semi-skilled 3 17 -19.0% 1% 0.34% 73.9% 0.20% 33.3% 0.14% 65%

Skilled 3a 49 -46.7% 1% 0.44% 56.0% 0.31% 59.8% 0.17% 86%

2nd. school 3c 1843 -1.3% 56% 2.27% 81.6% 2.11% 80.0% 2.10% 84%

High school 4 36 -35.7% 1% 1.85% 48.0% 2.27% 67.9% 1.69% 117%

University 5a+ 444 47.0% 14% 9.28% 85.4% 8.96% 75.5% 12.30% 74%Table 16: Vocational Training by Skills

3116

2897

3292

3052

3283

06/2007 06/2008 06/2009 06/2010 06/2011

Fig.25: 12 Months participation rate in VocationalTraining


30

the existing employability restrictions, the skilllevel “secondary school”, “higher school” and “University” again realize activation rates (AR) farabove the Kosovan average, while theactivation rates of the three lower skill-groupscontinuously remain far below ( table 16).

Different from further skills levels, onlyunemployed with a university degree and unskilled achieved an increase in the 12-monthscumulated number of training participants and an increasing 12-months activation rate (see tab.16 and fig. 26).

Unemployed on the highest skills level profit from an AR of 12.3%. Contrasting that, with an ARof 0.4% “unskilled” unemployed participate far under proportional on existing training capacities:While within a 12 months period until 06/2011, 1 out of 8 unemployed with a university degreeentered a vocational training, this relation was two times worse than (1-to-225) for “unskilled”unemployed” (fig. 26).

4.2. Training by Age

Regarding thevocational training(VT) by age showsslight increase incapacities of 5.7%in 12 months period until 06/2011 for unemployed in the age 15-24 years.

At the same time unemployed referring to the age groups of 25-39 and 55+ years profit from anincreasing VT participation (see table 17). Except the age group of 40-54 which shows decliningfigures of -2.4%

Despite above shown tendencies, the actual figures still confirm a clear priority given by the DLEto the youngest unemployed.

Referring the total number of VT participants by age to therespective share on all unemployed continuously reveals areverse relation of age-groups and VT-participation.

In other words, the youngest unemployed in 06/2011 againrealise the highest activation rate (AR), while - according tothe low number of participants – the AR of the eldest unemployed remains on an almostinsignificant low level (see fig. 27).

Trainingby age

cumulated12-Months

Increaseto 06/10

PropEntries

AR06/08

CR06/08

AR06/09

CR06/09

AR06/10

CR06/10

AR06/11

CR06/11

15-24 1635 5.7% 49.80% 1.48% 75% 1.59% 74% 1.43% 74% 1.5% 86%25-39 1304 13.0% 39.72% 0.84% 72% 0.87% 81% 0.77% 83% 0.9% 75%40-54 330 -2.4% 10.05% 0.47% 72% 0.49% 89% 0.47% 72% 0.5% 71%55+ 14 7.7% 0.43% 0.07% 0.05% 70% 0.04% 62% 0.1% 114%

Table 17: Vocational Training by Age

0.4%Unskilled

0.1%Semi-skilled

0.1%Skilled

2.1%2nd

School

1.7%Higherschool

12.3%Uni

Fig. 26: 12 Months Activation rate by Skills

1.5%

0.9%

0.5%

0.1%

15-24 25-39 40-54 55+

Fig.27: 12 months Activation rate byAge


31

4.3. Training by Ethnicity

A look on the

figures of

vocational

training by

ethnicity, in

06/2011 reveals an over proportional increase in the 12-months cumulated number of VT

participants for the Kosovo-Minorities.

Activation rates decreased comparing with the

previous year where Kosovo Albanians from 0.9%

increased to 1.0%, whereas minority communities

have had an increase from 0.4% to 1.3%. (compare

above, see tab 18, fig. 28).

Despite a successful extension of employmentpromotion activities to the northern Mitrovica municipalities and further minority areas, inparticular the VT participation of the Kosovo-Serbs significantly increased, comparing to the datawhich we possess when we compare to previous reporting periods.

4.4. Training by Gender

Assessingthe 12-monthscumulatedfigures ofvocationaltraining(VT) by gender leads to an outcome where both genders without excluding one another show asignificant increase the female group as well as male group in regard to 12 month capacities ofAR in 06/2011.

As the number of training participants has marked an increase during this period forunemployed females, the activation rate (AR) for females consequently has marked an over-proportional increase along with the male activation rate. Therefore, despite a remainingdisparity in the inclusion of female and male unemployed to vocational training, the gendergap marked slight differences (tab 19).

VTby ethnicity

cumulated12-Months

Increaseto 06/10

PropEntries.

AR06/08

CR06/08

AR06/09

CR06/09

AR06/10

CR06/10

AR06/11

CR06/11

Albanians 3054 5.7% 93% 0.93% 72.1% 1.04% 78.4% 0.9% 76.7% 1.0% 81%Minorities 229 40.5% 7% 0.19% 145.5% 0.31% 66.4% 0.4% 88.1% 0.8% 66%Serbs 55 7.8% 2% 0.38% 73.2% 0.3% 135.7% 0.4% 120%Other 174 55.4% 5% 0.33% 129.1% 0.35% 62.1% 0.4% 82.1% 1.3% 49%

Table 18: Vocational Training by Ethnicity

Vocational Training cumulated12-Months

Increaseto 06/10

PropEntries

AR06/08

CR06/08

AR06/09

CR06/09

AR06/10

CR06/10

AR06/11

CR06/11

Female 1497 9.59% 46% 0.7% 82% 0.8% 80% 0.7% 76% 0.9% 83%Male 1786 5.93% 54% 1.0% 68% 1.2% 77% 1.0% 78% 1.2% 78%

All 3283 7.57% 100% 0.9% 74% 1.0% 78% 0.9% 77% 1.0% 80%

Unskilled Fem. 278 18.80% 24% 0.2% 127% 0.2% 76% 0.2% 76% 0.2% 69%

Unskilled Male 616 28.60% 76% 0.6% 76% 0.7% 71% 0.6% 75% 0.7% 77%

Table 19: Vocational Training by Gender

1.0%Alb

0.8%All

Min. 0.4%Serb

1.3%Other

Fig. 28: 12 Months activation rate byethnicity


32

Regarding in addition the inclusion to vocational trainingof the “unemployment-risk” group of “unskilled”unemployed by gender, reveals a further problematicaspect. The group of the “unskilled” female represents25.4% of all female - and more than 47.3% of allregistered unemployed: Accordingly even a growingshare of this group on all training participants indicates avery far disproportional inclusion to vocational training –particularly taking into account the difficulties “unskilled” female are facing concerning theirreintegration to the labour market (see chapter “placements by gender”).

In addition, different from the general development of training by gender, the gender gap in the

activation rates of “unskilled” female and male unemployed in 06/2011 remained constant

compared to 06/2010 (tab. 19).

4.5. Training by Region

Taking at last a look on the regional development of vocational training (VT), not unexpectedconfirms an overall slight increasing tendency of VT capacities: As an exception, onlyunemployed in the regions of Gjilan and Prishtina (-37.4, respectively -35.9%) profited from anincrease in the 12 months cumulated VT capacities in 06/2011 and a constant activation rate(AR) compared to 06/2010 (see table 20).

Despiteshowingdecreasingresults, thehighest 12monthsactivation ratein 06/2011 wasachieved in theregion of Gjakova with 53%, Peja with 49.4%, Mitrovica 47.4%, Ferizaj with 28.6% and Prizrenwith 10.5% (see. Tab. 20).

Contrasting that, unemployed in the regions of Gjilan and Prishtina faced a digressive decline in12 months of the VT capacities, and the lowest activation rate (what might be seen as a contrastwith the placement rate – compare by chapter “placements by region” above, see also tab 20and fig. 30).

Regionscumulated12-Months

Increaseto 06/10

PropEntries

AR06/08

CR06/08

AR06/09

CR06/09

AR06/10

CR06/10

AR06/11

CR06/11

Ferizaj 283 28.6% 9% 0.5% 41.4% 0.6% 37.4% 0.6% 34.5% 0.8% 41%Gjakova 690 53.0% 21% 1.6% 42.7% 1.2% 72.9% 1.1% 51.7% 1.7% 61%Gjilan 226 -37.4% 7% 0.7% 71.7% 1.1% 61.6% 1.1% 70.1% 0.6% 78%Mitrovica 535 47.4% 16% 0.6% 83.6% 0.6% 72.9% 0.5% 84.7% 0.8% 96%Peje 387 49.4% 12% 0.6% 72.3% 0.9% 71.1% 0.7% 71.4% 1.1% 66%Prishtine 529 -35.9% 16% 1.1% 82.8% 1.4% 95.4% 1.2% 78.8% 0.8% 108%Prizren 633 10.5% 19% 1.0% 102.6% 0.9% 92.6% 0.8% 114.3% 1.1% 92%

Table 20: Vocational Training by Region

0.9%Fem.

1.2%Male. 1.0%

All

Fig. 29: 12 Months Activation rate byGender


33

The real situation of vocational training as a

service to improve the employability of

unemployed in its quantitative dimension is

still far from reaching the “good” level in

regard to unemployment rate of about 40%

(see DLE Annual Report 2010) - and

remains – dissatisfying - on an extreme low

level: While within 12 months 102

unemployed face 1 free place for vocational training in the region of Gjilan, this relation is 155-to-

1 which is over the Kosovan average - and 127-to-1 in the region of Ferizaj.

0.8%Ferizaj

1.7%Gjakova

0.6%Gjilan

0.8%Mitrovica

1.1%Peja 0.8%

Prishtina

1.1%Prizren

Fig. 30: 12 Months rate by Region


34

5. Résumé

Resuming the all-over situation of the Kosovan labour market, the extreme high long-termunemployment continuously remains to be the major problem.

However, despite discouraging decreases in the inflow/outflow from unemployment as well as inthe 12 months results of vacancies and placements, there are still positive aspects worth to bementioned: Particularly a closer look on the development of vacancies and placementsdismantles the result of increasing of both sectors.

Tertiary sector shows a significant increase in relation to other sectors which is 66% of allmediated placements, also the secondary sector has marked an increase from 13% what was inthe previous year to 29% for 06/2011, whereas the primary sector has faced a significantdecrease from 29% to 5%.

Department of Labour and Employment represent different instruments of employmentpromotion, which can be supportive for the economic transition – but in general (not only inKosovo) are limited to influence in fundamental way into the economic situation.

Regarding the concrete performance of employment promotion, the current development leads toambivalent results: First to remark positively, is the again successful inclusion of minorities to theservices offered by DLE. A revisable indicator is the still over proportional inflow rate regardingthis target group. However, for the first time reached under proportional results concerning therespective outflow and placement rate, require to carefully observe this issue.

An important point to mention is the constantly successful support given to young unemployed:As this is the explicitly expressed priority of the DLE, unemployed in the age of 15-24 years againrealize the highest activation and placement rates. Bearing in mind contradictory results ofoutflow and placements referring to this age group (lower outflow rates but higher placementrates for younger age groups) underlines an ongoing and extended need for intensivecounselling, vocational training and employment mediation.

Unemployed registered as “unskilled”, face an under-proportional activation rate and anextremely low placement rate. Overcoming the disproportional inclusion of lower skilledunemployed will be an inevitable duty for future activities of employment promotion. A look onemployment promotion by gender in this context reveals particular need to intensify the supportof “unskilled” female unemployed, who – despite representing 1/3 of all unemployed – suffer fromalmost insignificant activation and placement rates.

Emphasizing the need for employment promotion addressing in particular both low skilled femaleas well as young unemployed, it should be mentioned, that for both groups there is a paralleldevelopment of training respectively activation rate and placement rate.


35

6. References

Euro Stat (2003): European Union Labour Force Survey, Methods and Definitions2001, Luxembourg

EU Kosovo (2007): Kosovo Economic Outlook 2007, Prishtina

GTZ / MCYS (2006): The Kosovo Youth Policy and Action Plan, Prishtina

ILO (1982): Resolution concerning statistics of the economically active popu-lation, employment, unemployment and underemployment,Geneva

ILO (2004): Key Indicators of the Labour Market (KILM), Geneva

ILO / MLSW-DLE (2006): Kosovo Youth Employment Action Plan

MLSW-DLE (2006b): Labour and Employment – Kosovo – Employment PromotionPerformance Report 2005/2006, Prishtina

MLSW-DLE (2007a): Labour and Employment 2006, Annual Report, Prishtina

MLSW-DLE (2007b): Labour and Employment – Kosovo – Employment PromotionPerformance Report 2006/2007, Prishtina

MLSW-DLE (2008): Labour and Employment 2007, Annual Report, Prishtina



MLSW-DLE (2010): Information on Labour Market (monthly), Prishtina

UNDP (2004): Human Development Report Kosovo 2004, Prishtina

Further sources are to find at:Government of Kosovo www.ks-gov.net

Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare www.mpms-ks.org

Statistical Office Kosovo www.ks-gov.net/esk

International Labour Office www.ilo.org

UNDP in Kosovo http://www.kosovo.undp.org/

World Bank in Kosovo www.worldbank.org/kosovo

EU in Kosovo www.euinkosovo.org

OSCE in Kosovo www.osce.org/kosovo

Labour resources webpage www.lmps.edu.tc

www.ks-gov.net

www.mpms-ks.org

www.ks-gov.net/esk

www.ilo.org

http://www.kosovo.undp.org/

www.worldbank.org/kosovo

www.euinkosovo.org

www.osce.org/kosovo

www.lmps.edu.tc


36

7. ANNEX7.1. Definitions and Terminology

7.1. 1. Abbreviations

MLSW Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare

DLE Department of Labour and Employment

ED Employment Division

VTD Vocational Training Division

REC Regional Employment Centre

MEO Municipal Employment Office

VTC Vocational Training Centre

ILO International Labour Organisation / International Labour Office

IOM International Organisation of Migration

SOK Statistical Office Kosovo

UNDP United Nations Development Programme

ISCED International Standard Classification of Education

NACE International Standard Classification of Economic Activities

ASR Acquisition-Staff Ratio

AR Activation Rate

CR Certification Rate

IR Inflow Rate

ISR Inflow-Staff Ratio

OR Outflow Rate

OSR Outflow-Staff Ratio

PR Placement Rate

PSR Placement-Staff Ratio

PVR Placement-Vacancy Rate

VRR Vacancy-Registration Rate


37

7.1. 2. Definitions

In order to allow a suitable differentiation and interpretation concerning the outcome of thisreport, the used terminology and definitions are listed below:

All Chapters:

o Age groups:

15-24

25-39

40-54

55-64

ISCED: International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED 97 – see Annex)

o Ethnical Groups:

Albanian,

Serb,

Montenegrin,

Ashkali,

Roma,

Turkish,

Bosniak

Other.

For analyses purposes a shorter classification will also be used:

Albanian, “all minorities”, Serbian, and “other minorities” (without Serbian).

o Skills Levels (proprietary educational classification used as ISCED):

Unskilled (ISCED 1 or 2): No school, not completed elementary school. Semi-skilled (ISCED 3): Elementary school completed, 3-6 months in-service training. Skilled (ISCED 3A): 2nd. School not completed, 3-6 months technical training. Secondary school (ISCED 3C): 2nd. School completed, 4 years tech. gymnasium. High School (ISCED 4): Not completed university, engineer graduation. University (ISCED 5A or 6): completed faculty, graduates, post-graduates.


38

The (registered) Unemployed - refers to the persons who registered as unemployed.

The long-term Unemployed are persons, who are registered as unemployed for morethan 12 months: this report refers to a calculative proportion of long-term unemployment,which is – under the condition [outflow<registrations] and [inflow<registrations] in a

Unemployment - Staff Ratio refers the number of unemployed to the number ofemployment officers (without cleaner and security - but including administrative staff).

The Inflow Rate is the share of the average number of monthly newly registeredunemployed (Inflow) out of the average number of registered unemployed during theyear. In order to allow a better comparison this report partially refers to a 12 monthscumulated rate.

The Outflow Rate (monthly) is the share of the average number of the monthly sum ofplaced and deleted (Outflow) former registered unemployed out of the average number ofregistered unemployed during the year. In order to allow a better comparison this reportpartially refers to a 12 months cumulated rate.

Outflow-to-Staff (the outflow to the quantity of employment officers for total 12 months)

Inflow-to-Staff (the inflow to the quantity of employment officers for total 12 months).

The Deleted represent those persons as a part of the outflow, which will be removedfrom the classification “unemployed” apart from the reason “placement” - if the respectiveperson:

found a job by own efforts,

shows no further interest in the services of the employment offices,

no contacts with the employment offices within the agreed period,

exceeded working-age.

- worse case =[unemployed-(inflow-outflow )] *100 | under the condition of increasing

registrations .unemployed

- worst case =[unemployed-(outflow-inflow )]

*100 | under the condition of decreasingregistrations .unemployed

- best case =[unemployed-(inflow + outflow )] *100unemployed


39

Employment Mediation

The Vacancy-Registration Rate is the cumulated number of vacancies acquired by theemployment services during 12 month – in relation to the average number of registeredunemployed within 12 month (it’s a derivate of the vacancy/unemployed ratio as thenumber of vacancies per registered unemployed persons).

The Acquisition-Staff Ratio refers the number of vacancies acquired to the number ofemployment officers (without cleaner and security - but including administrative staff).

The Placement Rate is the number of former unemployed mediated into new jobs(Placements) by the employment services within 12 months – in relation to the averagenumber of unemployed (it’s a derivate of the placement ratio as the number ofplacements per registered unemployed persons).

The Placement-Staff Ratio refers the placements to the quantity of employment officers(without cleaner and security - but including administrative staff).

The Placement-Vacancy Rate is the number of placements realized in relation to thenumber of vacancies acquired by the employment services during the year.

Sectors by Activity are orientated on International Standard Classification of economic

activities, NACE (Rev. I), but still not fully compatible:

(A) Agriculture / Forestry

(B) Fishing

(C) Mining

(D) Manufacturing

(E) Electricity / Gas / Water

(F) Construction

(G) Trade

(H) Hotel/Gastronomy

( I ) Transport / Communication

(J / K) Finance / Real Estate etc.

(M) Education

(N) Health / Social Protection

(O) Services (NGO’s) / Organisations

Economical Sectors: Primary Sector ( A-B)

Secondary Sector (C-F),

Tertiary Sector (G-O,Q).


40

Sectors by Owner:

Public Sector: Governmental and governmental controlled institutions andenterprises.

Private Sector: Private individuals, farms, businesses and companies.

Vocational Training

The Activation Rate shows the share of persons starting a training (Activation) within 12months out of the average number of registered unemployed during this time.

The Graduation Rate shows the share of persons graduating a training (Graduation)during the year out of the number of participants during the year.

ISCED: International Standard Classification of Education

ISCED 0: Pre-primary Education: The initial stage of organised instruction, primarily tointroduce very young children to a school-type environment. Such programmes areschool- or centre-based, for children aged at least 3 years.

ISCED 1: Primary Education: The beginning of systematic studies in reading, writingand mathematics. Programmes are designed on a unit or project basis (often with oneteacher for all or most of the time) rather than on a subject basis (with different teachersfor different subjects). The entry age is 5 to 7 years.

SNKAE 2: ISCED 2: Lower Secondary Education: The beginning of subject basedteaching - to complete the provision of basic education which began in ISCED 1 and tolay the foundation for life-long learning. The full implementation of basic skills occurs atthis level. This stage is sub-divided:

ISCED 2A programmes are designed for direct access to ISCED 3 in asequence, which would ultimately lead to tertiary education.

ISCED 2B programmes are designed for direct access to ISCED 3C.

ISCED 2C programmes are designed primarily for direct access to the labourmarket. To progress to ISCED 3 requires also complete ISCED 2A or 2B.


41

ISCED 3: (Upper) Secondary Education: Further specialisation compared to ISCED 2.This stage begins at the end of compulsory schooling. Entrance age is 15 or 16.Successful completion of ISCED 2 is required. This stage is further sub-divided:

ISCED 3A programmes are designed for direct access to ISCED 5A.

ISCED 3B programmes are designed for direct access to ISCED 5B.

ISCED 3C programmes do not lead directly to tertiary education. To progress toeither ISCED 5A or 5B requires also complete ISCED 3A, 3B or 4A.

ISCED 4: Post-Secondary Non-Tertiary Education: Programmes, which straddle theboundary between upper secondary and post-secondary education. The content is notsufficient to be regarded as tertiary programmes. Mostly not significantly advanced thanISCED 3 - to broaden the knowledge of students who completed ISCED 3. Programmesto prepare for the entry to tertiary education. This stage is further sub-divided:

ISCED 4A programmes are designed for direct access to ISCED 5.

ISCED 4B programmes are designed primarily for direct access to the labourmarket and do not give access to ISCED 5.

ISCED 5: First Stage of Tertiary Education: Programmes whose content is moreadvanced than ISCED 3. Entry to these programmes requires the successful completionof programmes at ISCED 3A, 3B or 4A. This stage is further sub-divided:

ISCED 5A is largely theoretically based, intending to give access either to theadvanced research programmes of ISCED 6 or to professions with high skillsrequirements (e.g. medical doctors). It may be necessary to take more than onequalification at ISCED 5A (e.g. a Bachelor’s and then a Master’s) before enteringISCED 6.

ISCED 5B programmes focus on occupationally specific skills geared for directaccess to the labour market. They are often shorter than programmes at ISCED5A. Their theoretical content is usually insufficient to give access to advancedresearch programmes (without first completing a programme at ISCED 5A).

ISCED 6: Second Stage of Tertiary Education: Programmes, which lead to the awardof an advanced, research qualification (usually doctorate level or beyond). Theprogrammes are devoted to advanced study and original research and are not based oncourse-work alone.


42

7.2. Unemployment Overview

7.2.1. Unemployment Research

Lacking capacities of SOK and MLSW still don’t allow implementing further reliable investigations

on the regional employment and unemployment situation. Differences in regional unemployment

rates are still best shown by the UNDP Human Development Survey published in the UNDP

Kosovo HDR 2004. Unemployment rates differ from 21 % to 67 %. A closer look on the

municipalities reveals, that those with a predominant Serb population profit from significant lower

rates. The UNDP Survey was based on questioning almost 6000 households with nearly 40000

family members. The Kosovan unemployment rate according to this survey was about 44%, what

remains near to the outcomes of MLSW-DLE.

Municipality Unemployment Rate Municipality Unemployment Rate

Zubin Potok 21.15 % Gjilan 47.69 %Zveçan 22.81 % Lipjan 48.91 %Leposaviq 27.26 % Fushë Kosovë 49.10 %Rahovec 28.39 % Shtime 49.21 %Prishtinë 30.26 % Mitrovicë 51.62 %Pejë 34.90 % Viti 52.39 %Prizren 35.00 % Istog 54.93 %Shtërpcë 35.59 % Podujeva 55.17 %Malishevë 37.92 % Dragash 56.85 %Suharekë 41.89 % Obiliq 58.23 %Ferizaj 41.90 % Gllogoc 64.06 %Gjakovë 42.26 % Deçan 64.72 %Vushtrri 42.95 % Klinë 67.20 %Novobërdë 43.70 % Skenderaj 67.39 %Kaçanik 45.28 % Rurale 48.62 %Kamenicë 46.31 % Urbane 39.97 %Table 22: Unemployment Overview to Regions – Source UNDP Kosova, Human Development Report 2004 – UNDP 2004


43

7.3. Employment Service Performance

Regional and Municipal Performance Rates

Regions Municipalities CurrentRegistered

AverageRegistered Placements Placement

RatePlacementStaff Ratio

12 MonthsOutflow

OutflowRate

OutflowStaff Ratio

Prishtina 65139 64495 1844 2.9% 44:1 3520 5.4% 84:1Prishtinë 20134 648Fushë-Kosovë 5675 305Gllogoc 12910 155Lipjan 9405 191Novobërdë 1005 141Obiliq 5186 144Podujevë 10110 217Graçanicë 660 43Bërnicë e Poshtme 54 0

Prizren 59512 59247 1843 3.1% 77:1 3012 5.1% 126:1Prizren 30960 1264Rahovec 7312 169Suharekë 15266 278Dragash 5974 132

Ferizaj 35899 36055 670 1.9% 35:1 2275 6.3% 120:1Ferizaj 19215 364Kaçanik 8137 114Shtime 4164 101Shtërpcë 4383 91

Gjilan 34412 34957 1018 2.9% 34:1 4087 11.9% 136:1Gjilan 21605 516Viti 5729 297Kamenicë 7078 205

Gjakova 40869 40913 944 2.3% 45:1 2062 5.0% 98:1Gjakovë 18593 583Deçan 12416 243Malishevë 9860 114

Peja 35261 35254 667 1.9% 33:1 2211 6.3% 111:1Pejë 21626 379Istog 6156 143Klinë 7479 145

Mitrovica 64813 64761 713 1.1% 27:1 2240 3.5% 86:1Mitrovicë 25373 203Skenderaj 17259 236Vushtrri 17919 274Zveçan 2261 0Zubin Potok 637 0Leposaviq 1364 0

All 335905 335680 7699 2.3% 42:1 19407 5.8% 107:1Tab. 23: Placement Rates by Municipality 06 / 2011

A comparison of the municipal performance – particularly regarding the placement-staff-ratio –has to take into account overlapping duties regarding the staff working in those publicemployment offices, which at the same time have to implement different tasks of regional co-ordination (e.g. the IT officer, the operations manager and the regional director). Further on – ofcourse – the ability to place registered unemployed persons into new jobs is not limited to anappropriate counselling procedure alone, but highly depends also on the general ability of thelocal economy, to absorb unemployment and to offer employment opportunities. Nevertheless,obvious regional disparities still allow questioning the right adjustment and implementation ofadministrative procedures and activities in the field of employment promotion.


44

7.3.1. Employment Services Performance by Age, Skills and Gender

The figures regarding the outflow and placements by gender indicate a (limited) relation offemale disadvantages to the skills levels. Particularly a look on the placements shows evenhigher female than male placement rates for the three groups of higher educated unemployed. Atthe same time female unemployed face a clear disadvantage within the three lower skills levels.A look on the activation rate - respectively the inclusion to vocational training - reveals a similartendency.

Registered Unemployed Inflow OutflowIncrease

Rate

Placements Training

Total06/2011

Average06/2011

Total06/2011

12-MonthRate

Total06/2011

12-MonthRate

Total06/2011

12-MonthRate Entries Activation

RateALL 335905 335680 19386 5.78% 19407 5.78% 0.01% 7699 2.29% 3283 0.98%Male 173628 174510 9410 5.39% 11643 6.67% -1.27% 4834 2.77% 1786 1.02%Female 162277 161171 9976 6.19% 7764 4.82% 1.38% 2865 1.78% 1497 0.93%

Age15-24 107334 106484 7415 6.96% 5567 5.23% 1.8% 3108 2.92% 1635 1.54%Male 54502 54324 3476 6.40% 3086 5.68% 0.7% 1749 3.22% 922 1.70%Female 52832 52160 3939 7.55% 2481 4.76% 2.8% 1359 2.61% 713 1.37%25-39 148399 148288 8083 5.45% 8085 5.45% 0.0% 3439 2.32% 1304 0.88%Male 75996 76348 3867 5.06% 4830 6.33% -1.3% 2153 2.82% 699 0.92%Female 72403 71940 4216 5.86% 3255 4.52% 1.3% 1286 1.79% 605 0.84%40-54 63231 63664 2857 4.49% 3884 6.10% -1.6% 1044 1.64% 330 0.52%Male 33793 34236 1546 4.52% 2499 7.30% -2.7% 835 2.44% 186 0.54%Female 29438 29428 1311 4.45% 1385 4.71% -0.3% 209 0.71% 144 0.49%55+ 16941 17243 1031 5.98% 1871 10.85% -4.7% 108 0.63% 14 0.08%Male 9279 9542 535 5.61% 1228 12.87% -6.9% 97 1.02% 8 0.08%Female 7662 7702 496 6.44% 643 8.35% -1.9% 11 0.14% 6 0.08%

SkillsUnskilled 201574 201257 9034 4.49% 9192 4.57% -0.1% 2767 1.37% 894 0.44%Male 85038 85470 3912 4.58% 5489 6.42% -1.8% 1889 2.21% 616 0.72%Female 116536 115786 5122 4.42% 3703 3.20% 1.2% 878 0.76% 278 0.24%Semi-skilled 12214 12529 368 2.94% 988 7.89% -4.8% 335 2.67% 17 0.14%Male 6220 6551 187 2.85% 824 12.58% -9.3% 260 3.97% 8 0.12%Female 5994 5979 181 3.03% 164 2.74% 0.3% 75 1.25% 9 0.15%Skilled 28336 28337 706 2.49% 674 2.38% 0.1% 310 1.09% 49 0.17%Male 24124 24135 557 2.31% 572 2.37% -0.1% 253 1.05% 41 0.17%Female 4212 4203 149 3.55% 102 2.43% 1.1% 57 1.36% 8 0.19%2.nd School 87778 87818 6661 7.58% 6563 7.47% 0.1% 3206 3.65% 1843 2.10%Male 54719 54865 3669 6.69% 3798 6.92% -0.2% 1906 3.47% 971 1.77%Female 33059 32953 2992 9.08% 2765 8.39% 0.7% 1300 3.94% 872 2.65%High School 2093 2130 165 7.75% 203 9.53% -1.8% 56 2.63% 36 1.69%Male 1277 1305 75 5.75% 108 8.28% -2.5% 32 2.45% 16 1.23%Female 816 825 90 10.90% 95 11.51% -0.6% 24 2.91% 20 2.42%University 3910 3609 2452 67.95% 1787 49.52% 20.5% 1025 28.40% 444 12.30%Male 2200 2132 1025 48.08% 852 39.96% 8.5% 494 23.17% 163 7.65%Female 1710 1477 1427 96.64% 935 63.32% 40.4% 531 35.96% 281 19.03%

Table 24: Internal Performance Indicators Gender / Skills / Age


45

Registrations by Ethnicity

Tab. 25 Ethnicity Albanian06/2011 Difference 06/2010 Difference 06/2009 Difference 06/2008 Difference 06/2007

Unskilled 184974 -0.13% 185207 -0.22% 185616 0.99% 183790 1.04% 181899Female 107280 1.19% 106018 0.44% 105556 1.86% 103626 2.03% 101564Semi- Skilled 11290 -4.96% 11879 -5.77% 12606 -2.40% 12916 -0.23% 12946Female 5595 0.47% 5569 -6.07% 5929 -3.11% 6119 0.62% 6081Skilled 25467 0.17% 25425 -2.18% 25991 -1.59% 26411 -1.20% 26732Female 3277 1.39% 3232 -0.98% 3264 -2.60% 3351 -4.50% 35092.nd School 78742 -0.13% 78841 -0.15% 78963 1.42% 77857 0.95% 77125Female 28484 0.49% 28346 1.91% 27814 1.30% 27456 0.68% 27271High School 1788 -2.61% 1836 -4.23% 1917 0.42% 1909 -3.34% 1975Female 690 -1.29% 699 -2.10% 714 -1.24% 723 -4.49% 757University 3680 21.33% 3033 6.83% 2839 7.50% 2641 3.69% 2547Female 1624 42.21% 1142 17.98% 968 8.64% 891 5.07% 848All 305941 -0.09% 306221 -0.56% 307932 0.79% 305524 0.76% 303224Female 146950 1.34% 145006 0.53% 144245 1.46% 142166 1.53% 140030

Tab. 26 Ethnicity All Minorities06/2011 Difference 06/2010 Difference 06/2009 Difference 06/2008 Difference 06/2007

Unskilled 16588 0.52% 16503 -4.32% 17248 1.81% 16942 2.98% 16451Female 9237 1.65% 9087 -6.48% 9717 1.60% 9564 2.82% 9302Semi- Skilled 919 -3.47% 952 -5.46% 1007 0.70% 1000 3.41% 967Female 398 -2.45% 408 -6.21% 435 1.16% 430 2.87% 418Skilled 2891 -0.45% 2904 -2.48% 2978 -3.09% 3073 2.84% 2988Female 963 0.42% 959 -5.42% 1014 -4.88% 1066 4.10% 10242.nd School 9010 2.22% 8814 -0.53% 8861 -0.64% 8918 2.62% 8690Female 4525 1.80% 4445 -0.65% 4474 -0.47% 4495 3.88% 4327High School 316 2.27% 309 4.39% 296 5.71% 280 3.32% 271Female 127 2.42% 124 3.33% 120 8.11% 111 9.90% 101University 240 7.62% 223 5.19% 212 7.07% 198 7.61% 184Female 95 10.47% 86 6.17% 81 9.46% 74 12.12% 66All 29964 0.87% 29705 -2.93% 30602 0.63% 30411 2.91% 29551Female 15345 1.56% 15109 -4.62% 15841 0.64% 15740 3.29% 15238


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Registered ImpairedRegistered Unemployed Inflow Outflow

IncreaseRate

PlacementsTotal

06/2011Average06/2011

Total06/2011

12-MonthRate

Total06/2011

12-MonthRate

Total06/2011 12-Month Rate

ALL 1996 1959 169 8.63% 112 5.72% 2.94% 72 3.68%Male 1203 1180 80 6.78% 43 3.64% 3.17% 30 2.54%Female 793 779 89 11.42% 69 8.86% 2.59% 42 5.39%

Tab. 29: Registered Impaired

Tab. 27 Ethnicity Serbs06/2011 Difference 06/2010 Difference 06/2009 Difference 06/2008 Difference 06/2007

Unskilled 3669 -6.04% 3905 -4.22% 4077 -3.09% 4207 0.36% 4192Female 2315 -5.55% 2451 -7.47% 2649 -3.29% 2739 -0.51% 2753Semi- Skilled 328 -3.24% 339 -2.02% 346 -1.70% 352 0.28% 351Female 166 -4.60% 174 -1.69% 177 -1.12% 179 0.56% 178Skilled 1662 -0.60% 1672 0.18% 1669 -5.65% 1769 2.25% 1730Female 586 0.69% 582 -1.19% 589 -8.26% 642 3.55% 6202.nd School 6899 2.18% 6752 1.76% 6635 -0.69% 6681 3.60% 6449Female 3525 1.91% 3459 0.46% 3443 -0.89% 3474 4.54% 3323High School 251 4.15% 241 6.17% 227 0.00% 227 8.10% 210Female 108 5.88% 102 4.08% 98 2.08% 96 12.94% 85University 156 6.85% 146 4.29% 140 3.70% 135 3.05% 131Female 59 5.36% 56 1.82% 55 1.85% 54 5.88% 51All 12965 -0.69% 13055 -0.30% 13094 -2.07% 13371 2.36% 13063Female 6759 -0.95% 6824 -2.67% 7011 -2.41% 7184 2.48% 7010

Tab. 28 Ethnicity Other Minorities06/2011 Difference 06/2010 Difference 06/2009 Difference 06/2008 Difference 06/2007

Unskilled 12919 2.55% 12598 -4.35% 13171 3.42% 12735 3.88% 12259Female 6922 4.31% 6636 -6.11% 7068 3.56% 6825 4.21% 6549Semi- Skilled 591 -3.59% 613 -7.26% 661 2.01% 648 5.19% 616Female 232 -0.85% 234 -9.30% 258 2.79% 251 4.58% 240Skilled 1229 -0.24% 1232 -5.88% 1309 0.38% 1304 3.66% 1258Female 377 0.00% 377 -11.29% 425 0.24% 424 4.95% 4042.nd School 2111 2.38% 2062 -7.37% 2226 -0.49% 2237 -0.18% 2241Female 1000 1.42% 986 -4.36% 1031 0.98% 1021 1.69% 1004High School 65 -4.41% 68 -1.45% 69 30.19% 53 -13.11% 61Female 19 -13.64% 22 0.00% 22 46.67% 15 -6.25% 16University 84 9.09% 77 6.94% 72 14.29% 63 18.87% 53Female 36 20.00% 30 15.38% 26 30.00% 20 33.33% 15All 16999 2.10% 16650 -4.90% 17508 2.75% 17040 3.35% 16488Female 8586 3.63% 8285 -6.17% 8830 3.20% 8556 3.99% 8228


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7.4. Labour Demand:Vacancies and Placements by NACE

Partially higher results for placements than for vacancies within some sectors by NACE,according to statements of the respective regional directors, refer to overlapping activities ofdifferent reporting periods. High increase rates referring to a relatively low number of vacanciesor placements are not relevant for an extrapolation of general tendencies. Further on a decreaseof staff within the Kosovan employment services did not remain without impact on the outcomes.Worth highlighting is the development e.g. of the sectors D. Manufacturing, G. Trade, M.Education and O. General Services, which confirm the shown (opposite) development of thesecondary and the tertiary sector. Over proportional differences of vacancies and placements(respectively a low PVR) concerning e.g. the sectors C. Mining, D. Manufacturing and M.Education partially indicate restrictions in labour supply rather than in labour demand. Accordingto various external publications, this problematic most probably refers to the existing skillsstructure of the Kosovan labour force (see e.g. EU Pillar 2007).

Table 30: Vacancies by sector / NACE 06/2007 06/2008 06/2009 06/2010 06/2011 IncreaseA Agriculture / Forestry 709 230 1348 1992 381 -80.9%B Fishing 0 2 0 0 0 -C Mining 26 1 0 20 7 -65.0%D Manufacturing 1207 1068 608 647 812 25.5%E Electricity / gas / water 26 107 71 37 41 10.8%F Civil Construction 401 274 311 235 1405 497.9%G Trade 1387 1351 1038 1126 1316 16.9%H Hotel / Gastronomy 408 511 352 348 435 25.0%I Transport / Communication 98 73 113 163 58 -64.4%

J/K Finance / Insurance / etc. 45 71 61 53 51 -3.8%M Education 293 390 288 305 228 -25.2%N Health / Social Protection 133 142 124 135 184 36.3%O Services 1425 1509 1999 1707 2649 55.2%Q NGO’s / Int. Organisations 107 79 79 198 132 -33.3%

Primary Sector 709 232 1348 1992 381 -80.9%Secondary Sector 1660 1450 990 939 2265 141.2%Tertiary Sector 3896 4126 4054 4035 5053 25.2%All 6265 5808 6392 6966 7699 10.5%

Table 30: Vacancies by sector / NACE 06/2007 06/2008 06/2009 06/2010 06/2011 IncreaseA Agriculture / Forestry 616 261 1400 2039 443 -78.3%B Fishing 0 7 0 0 1 -C Mining 131 7 9 8 8 0.0%D Manufacturing 1516 1115 728 937 905 -3.4%E Electricity / gas / water 36 74 58 49 68 38.8%F Civil Construction 455 294 495 502 1471 193.0%G Trade 1389 1254 1149 1275 1443 13.2%H Hotel / Gastronomy 539 534 577 490 596 21.6%I Transport / Communication 75 66 77 138 94 -31.9%

J/K Finance / Insurance / etc. 55 71 70 68 44 -35.3%M Education 789 617 776 449 466 3.8%N Health / Social Protection 150 122 162 140 173 23.6%O Services 1577 1379 2325 1911 3371 76.4%Q NGO’s / Int. Organisations 80 170 80 236 349 47.9%

Primary Sector 618 269 1400 2039 444 -78.2%Secondary Sector 2202 1490 1290 1496 2452 63.9%Tertiary Sector 4588 4212 5216 4707 6536 38.9%All 7408 5971 7906 8242 9432 14.4%


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Charts over 12 months (from 06/2010 to 06/2011)

Total Inflow

Male Inflow

Female Inflow

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

07/10 08/10 09/10 10/10 11/10 12/10 01/11 02/11 03/11 04/11 05/11 06/11

Fig. 31: Inflow / Inflow by gender 06/2011

Total Outflow

Male outflow

Female Outflow

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

07/10 08/10 09/10 10/10 11/10 12/10 01/11 02/11 03/11 04/11 05/11 06/11

Fig .32: Outflow / Outflow by gender 06/2011

Total Placement

Male

Female

0

200

400

600

800

1000

07/10 08/10 09/10 10/10 11/10 12/10 01/11 02/11 03/11 04/11 05/11 06/11

Fig.33: Placement / Placement by tender 06/2011


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15-24

Unskilled

050

100150200250300350400450500

07/10 08/10 09/10 10/10 11/10 12/10 01/11 02/11 03/11 04/11 05/11 06/11

Fig.36: Placement by groups of priority 06/2011

Primary

Secondary

Terciary

0

200

400

600

800

07/10 08/10 09/10 10/10 11/10 12/10 01/11 02/11 03/11 04/11 05/11 06/11

Fig.34: Placement by Sektor 06/2011

Private

Public

0

200

400

600

800

1000

07/10 08/10 09/10 10/10 11/10 12/10 01/11 02/11 03/11 04/11 05/11 06/11

Fig.35: Placement by Owner 06/2011


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Annex A. Labour Market Indicators taken by the Annual Report Labour and Employment 2010

Different from above shown performance indicators based on internal figures - e.g. the inflow,

outflow, placement and activation rate – the labour market indicators aim to refer the shown

performance results and further general developments to external figures: These “external”

indicators are again - as far as possible - based on Euro Stat and ILO standards and structures.

They are mainly not resulting directly from the primary and registered data gathered by MLSW-

DLE, but from data collections, surveys and reports of external governmental, non-governmental

and international institutions.

- Limited Data Access -

Besides the DLE registration database the only source of own primary research for this report isa frequently implemented employers’ survey with focus on wages paid in the formal economy. Apresentation of labour market indicators accordingly requires further secondary research aboutthe Kosovan resident population, the ethnical, age, gender and skills structure of the working agepopulation and particularly of the active and the employed population.

For now the availability of most of the affordable data about Kosova and its socio-demographicalstructure is limited to the access on still not fully implemented administrative and statisticalprocedures. Many surveys and reports even implemented by the same institution, showinconsistent results and contradictory outcomes. Subsequently, the shown labour marketindicators partially have to refer to a range of the different socio demographical figures asplausibly estimated and / or researched by the most relevant institutions and organisations (e.g.IMF, SOK, RI, UNDP, WB etc.). Regarding above mentioned, all presented results have to beseen mainly as a very general approach to comparatively observe and analyse accordingtendencies and developments.

- Converging Results -

A remarkable outcome over the past years since 2003 is a convergence of results particularlyregarding the unemployment rate as researched by UNDP and the Statistical Office Kosova tothe registered unemployment rate as presented by MLSW-DLE. Both the “registeredunemployment rate” as well as the “researched unemployment rate” as shown by MLSW-DLE,UNDP and SOK (and partially Riinvest), tends to stabilize in a range of 40-45% (see report2008).

- “Not employed”, “unemployed”, “employed” -

The mentioned unemployment rate for Kosova is dramatically high in comparison to othercountries. Nevertheless a social conclusion has to take into account in addition that the terminus“unemployed” is not equal to “not working” or “without work”: E.g. housewives, students,


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discouraged and retired persons - and the big part of the Kosovan population below working age(15) might be not employed resp. without work – but are not counted as unemployed.

It also should be mentioned that according to ILO and Euro Stat definitions the terminus“employed” includes besides full and part time wage-employment also under-employed persons,self-employed and contributing family members in small businesses and farms.

All these have to work for the purpose (!) to earn income, wages or profit in cash or in kind:Focusing on the “purpose” means to include those, who are not achieving to realize a profit orincome – it only counts that they try to do so. Income “in kind” means to include non-monetaryincome, e.g. food or other goods.

A.1. Population estimates

The most important problem regarding the population figures is to outline the so called(economic) active population. The active population consists of the sum of the employed andthe unemployed population.

The core problem here repeatedly refers to the identification of the right number of employedpersons in Kosova. Concerning theemployment almost all sources showdifferences and inconsistencies: Formore details about that – especiallyregarding publications of the StatisticalOffice Kosova and significantcontradictions of SOK LFS to SOK AHSas well as regarding the LFP – pleasehave a look at the same chapter of theMLSW-DLE Labour and EmploymentAnnual Report 2008, 2009, 2010.

As far it concerns the employment inKosova, consistent to previous reportingperiods, this report refers to a range and(biased) extrapolation of figures asresearched and estimated withindifferent reports of mainly IMF, Riinvest,SOK, MTI, MEF and MLSW.

Source ReferenceYear

Unemployment Rate

IOM 05/2000 DHS 2000 50 %SOK 03/2004 AFP 2001 2001 57 %UNDP 2002 KHDR 2001 50-55 %

SOK 03/2004 LFS 2002 2002 55 %Riinvest 01/2003 AFP 2002 39-49 %SOK 03/2004a DHS 2003 53 %

SOK 2005 AFP 2003 2003 50 %UNDP 2004 KHDR / HDS 2003 2003 44 %

MLSW 03/2004* Annual Report 2003 43 %World Bank Report 2003 23-33 %IMF 2004 Report 2003 30 %

MPMS 03/2005* Annual Report 2004 42 %SOK 2005a AFP 2004 2004 40 %

MLSW 05/2006* Annual Report 2005 42-44 %SOK 2006 AFP 2005 2005 41%

MLSW 06/2007* Annual Report 2006 39-42 %SOK 2007 AFP 2006 2006 44,9 %

MLSW 06/2008* Annual Report 2007 39-43%SOK 2008 AFP 2007 2007 43,6 %

MLSW 04/2009* Annual Report 2008 38-41%MLSW 05/2010* Annual Report 2009 37-40%MLSW 03/2011* Annual Report 2010 37-40.7%Table 21: Employment Overview *Registered Unemployment


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A.2. Scenarios on Employment and Unemployment figures

Resuming the above mentioned the following presentation of labour market indicators isbased on 2 scenarios:

Biased DLE data refers to a criticizedinclusion of so called forced opportu-nistic registrations of adult persons,who in order to receive social assis-tance payments for their family, regis-tered as unemployed without looking for employment and without being available for thelabour market (see 2.4. and WB 2003).

Further data regarding the resident and working age population as well as the gender, age,skills and ethnical structures are kept constant through different scenarios.

They are based on the various publications of SOK, IMF prognosis and of MLSW-DLEprimary research.

Scenario “A” Scenario “B”Total Male Female Total Male Female

Resident Population 100% 50.5% 49.5% Resident Population 100% 50.5% 49.5%

Resident Total 2207 1115 1092 Resident Total 2207 1115 1092

WAP 64% 63% 65% WAP 64% 63% 65%

WAP Total 1412 706 707 WAP Total 1412 706 707

Reg. Unemployed 350 189 161 Reg. Unemployed 300 159 141

Employed 511 399 112 Employed 511 399 112

Active Population 861 588 273 Active Population 811 558.2 252.8

Participation Rate 61.0% 83.4% 38.6% Participation Rate 57.4% 79.1% 35.8%

Unemployment Rate 40.7% 32.2% 58.9% Unemployment Rate 37.0% 28.5% 55.7%

Reg. WAP Ratio 24.8% 26.8% 22.7% Reg. WAP Ratio 21.2% 22.6% 19.9%

Employment Rate 36.2% 56.6% 15.8% Employment Rate 36.2% 56.6% 15.8%

Table 22 – total figures rounded to thousand (*000)

The above table shows an evaluation of labour market indicators, referring to IMF forecasts

on employability in Kosovo and the data (registrations) of unemployment by the Department

of Labour and Employment.

A: B:

SOK biased data - andMLSW-DLE registered data

SOK biased data - andMLSW-DLE biased registered data


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In particular IMF records are close to the results of SOK in combination with employment

figures in tax and business registrations in Kosovo (which hardly ever include the figures for

agriculture as well).

Nevertheless, we would like to repeat once again that all data in Kosovo must be treated in a

very careful manner.

*Taking into account the census which occurred during the period of April 2011, we consider that next year we

will have accurate data and more sustainable ones regarding the resident people, working age, etc.


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