mixed and pure substances
DESCRIPTION
We can distinguish pure and mixed substances. The difference is that the first have well defined specific properties, while the mixtures do not. This is explained in this presentation.TRANSCRIPT
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SUBSTANCES
MIXED SUBSTANCESOR
MIXTURES
PURESUBSTANCES
HETEROGENEOUS HOMOGENEOUS
LIQUID SOLUTIONS
GAS SOLUTIONS
SOLID SOLUTIONS
COMPOUNDS ELEMENTS
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SUBSTANCES
PURE SUBSTANCES: they have well defined specific properties: density, fusion, boiling temperatures…
MIXTURES: they are made up of two or more different substances. They do NOT have well defined
Specific properties.
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MIXTURES
HETEROGENEOUS: we can clearly distinguish the different components. Some examples include
salads, soups, and cookies.
HOMOGENEOUS: we cannot see the different substances that make up a mixture. Some of
examples include alcohol and water.
Concrete, conglomerate rock, as well as oil and vinegar are all heterogeneous mixtures. The particles are large enough to be seen and can be separated from the mixture.
Homogeneous mixtures are very well mixed. A salt solution is a homogeneous mixture.
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HOMOGENEOUSMIXTURES
LIQUID SOLUTIONS: we usually speak of solutions for liquid mixtures.
GAS SOLUTIONS: like the air.
SOLID SOLUTIONS: like steel which is a mixture of iron and carbon.
Have you ever put sugar in a glass of milk? After you stir, you can no longer see the sugar. The sugar is still there, as you can taste it. A mixture of sugar and milk is called as solution. By evaporation we can separate the different kinds of matter in solution.
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PURE SUBSTANCES
COMPOUNDS: They can be decomposed into simpler substances using chemical methods.
ELEMENTS: They can’t be decomposed. There are 109 elements.
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The Periodic Table of Elements
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SEPARATION TECHNIQUES
DECANTATION
FILTRATION
MAGNETISMSIEVING
DISTILLATION
CRYSTALIZATION
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Decantation is a process for the separation of mixtures. This is achieved by carefully pouring a solution from a container in order to
leave the sediments in the bottom of the original container.
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Filtration is commonly the mechanical or physical operation which is used for the separation of solids from fluids (liquids or gases) by
interposing a medium through which only the fluid can pass.
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Magnetism is a process in which magnetically susceptible material is extracted from a mixture using a magnetic force.
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A sieve separates wanted elements from unwanted material.
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Crystalization: this technique is used for obtaining a compound in pure solid form of well-defined geometrically shaped crystals.
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Distillation is a method of separating mixtures. It is a process in which a liquid or vapour mixture of two or more substances is separated into its component fractions, by the application and
removal of heat.
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•http://explore.ecb.org/videos/VLC_media?P1=VLC077&REFERER=OTHER
•http://www.differencebetween.net/science/difference-between-heterogeneous-and-homogeneous/
•http://www.rpdp.net/sciencetips_v3/P8A3.htm
•http://chemsite.lsrhs.net/Intro/Pure_vs_mixtures.html
•http://www.wineloverspage.com/vino101/decant07.phtml
•http://chemistry.tutorvista.com/inorganic-chemistry/properties-of-solutions-and-types-of-mixtures.html
•http://fphoto.photoshelter.com/image/I0000nrYPvzifous
•http://chemsite.lsrhs.net/Intro/Pure_vs_mixtures.html
•http://64.224.111.143/handbook/periodic/