Mitosis

Common to most living things Sequence of growth and division of a

cell.

Interphase Period of growth for a cell Majority of time spent in this phase

(95%) Grows in size Metabolic processes Chromosomes are duplicated

Preparation for division

Interphase 3 parts

G1(Growth Stage 1) First growth phase. Protein production is high

S (Synthesis Stage) Continues to grow Copies genetic material

G2 (Growth Stage 2) Second Growth Phase Cell completes preparations for cell division Cytoplasmic Organelles are replicated

Fill in where Interphase belongs along with the different stages of interphase!

1. The cell cycle is :a. the division of a cell

b. the growth of a cell

c. the death of a cell

d. both A and B

2. Which stage of interphase is DNA replicated?

a. G1

b. S

c. G2

d. G3

3. Which of the following does not occur in interphase? a. metabolic processes b. growth c. cell division d. replication of cytoplasmic organelles

Cell Division Mitosis

Happens in ALL cells.Short amount of time (≥5%)Occurs when cell reaches max sizeFour Major Stages:

Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase

Prophase (Early) First Phase Longest Phase Chromatin coils up to visible

chromosomesContains duplicate sister chromatid

Held together by centromeres Each are exact copies

Prophase (Early)Nucleus begins to disappearNucleolus and nuclear envelope

disintegrate

Prophase (Late) Nucleolus and nuclear envelope are gone Centrioles

Normally outside of nucleus Now migrate to opposite ends of cell Involved in Chromatid separation

Spindle and Spindle Fibers form Football Shape, Cage like structures Fibers extend from them Vital role in Chromatid separation

Metaphase---Second PhaseDoubled Chromosomes attach to spindle

fibers by their centromeresChromosomes are pulled to the middle of

the cellEach sister chromotid is attached to its own

fiber which will pull them to different sides of the cell Ensures that each new cell receives an identical

and complete set of chromosomes.

Anaphase---3rd phaseSeparation of sister chromatids beginsCentromeres splitChromatid pairs separate

Pulled apart by the shortening of the microtubules in the spindle fibers

Telophase---4th PhaseChromatids reach opposite poles of the cellChanges made in prophase are reversed

Chromosomes unwindStart metabolic processes

Spindle Fibers break down Nucleolus reforms Nuclear envelope forms

Fill in where “Mitosis” belongs along with the four stages!

In which stage of mitosis are the chromosomes pulled to the middle of the cell?a. Prophaseb. Metaphasec. Anaphased. Telophase

In which stage of mitosis do the spindle and spindle fibers form?

a. Prophaseb. Metaphasec. Anaphased. Telophase

1. In which stage of mitosis do the sister chromatids split?a. Prophaseb. Metaphasec. Anaphased. Telophase

2. In which stage of mitosis do the nucleolus and nuclear envelope reappear?a. Prophaseb. Metaphasec. Anaphased. Telophase

Dividing of cytoplasm Occurs after telophase Different in plants and animals Animals

Plasma membrane pinches in along the equator Proteins under plasma membrane contract and

slide past each other Continue to contract until cell in pinched in two

Plants Plasma membrane does not pinch in Cell plate is laid down across the cells equator New membrane forms around each cell Cell wall forms on each side of the plate

Animal

Plant

Fill in the concept map where “Cytokinesis” belongs!

Genetic continuity Growth and Repair Two new daughter cells with identical

chromosome sets Unicellular organisms multiplied Multicellular organisms growth and

reproduction results in tissues..organs…organ systems…survival of organism.Work together to perform a specific function

2n

2n

2n

Parent Cell

Daughter Cells

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VlN7K1-9QB0