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Ensuring stakeholder consultative processes in problem diagnoses in identifying constraints,
needs and opportunities and in developing intervention in improving crop productivity,
competitiveness and access to markets,
Analysing baseline information in determining current technological and socio-economic
status of target groups, specific opportunities and bases for measuring impact,
Developing partnerships, establishing innovation platforms and networking systems in
facilitating technology development and adoption
Generating and disseminating appropriate technologies and continued refining
technologies/innovations from feedbacks from project implementation
Strengthening technical and organizational capacity of stakeholders, particularly, target groups
in enhancing their roles as effective players in innovations systems
Facilitating linkages to agri-inputs, credit and market in enhancing adoption of technologies
Demonstrating socio-economic advantages of improved technology/innovation systems to
sustain stakeholder interest
Addressing negative environmental effects and targeting women, particularly in areas of
comparative advantage in the value chain
Identifying and using appropriate result dissemination pathways (training manuals, websites,
brochures, fact sheets, radio/TV programmes, open forums, drama, exchange visits,
farmer-farmer
Ensuring effective supervision, monitoring and evaluation
Extension/NGOs
(1) Innovative in building partnership with private sector and farmer organizations
(2) Capacity strengthening and provision of market information, standards and linkage, group
animation, (3) Source of useful national information, data and policy
RECs/Market institutions (ECOWAS, UEAMOA, CEEAC, CEMAC, CILSS, IFDC, CMA/AOC
(1) Offer sub-regional policy, harmonised rules and regulations in the promotion of technologies,
(2) linkages to market information
Projects and Programmes (AGRA, WASA, AFSTA, AAFT, etc)
(1) Provision of linkages to services (2) promotion of technologies and agri-input usage, (2)
Capacity strengthening,
Project development and Implementation process
Project Development and Implementation Process
Monitoring and
Evaluation
Participatory
diagnoses (
constraints, needs
and opportunities)
and development of
interventions Baseline (status
and opportunities)
Partnerships
platforms,
networking
Participatory
experimentation
and demonstration
(technical and
economic)Technical and
organizational
capacity
strengthening
Linkages to
services and
markets
Dissemination
pathways
(farmer-farmer;
village for a,
electronic and print
media and
materials)
Environmental
sustainability and
gender
considerations
Technology
Generation,
dissemination and
adoption
Ongoing projects
Commissioned projects Competitive projects
Promotion of Striga-resistant sorghum
varieties to mitigate food crises in the
Sahelian zone (Senegal, Mali, Northern
Nigeria and Burkina Faso)
Improving maize productivity and its
dissemination through the promotion of
integrated management technologies in
the Savannah zone of Cameroon, Nigeria
and Chad
Promotion of improved yam Minisett
technology in improving yam productivity
in Ghana, Nigeria, Togo and Benin
Enhancing cowpea productivity and
income for sustainable livelihood of
resource-poor farmers (Mali, Burkina
Faso, Sierra Leone, Benin and Ghana)
Improving post-harvest quality of rice,
sorghum/millet and cassava products to
enhance marketability in West Africa
(Nigeria, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Senegal,
Mali, Burkina Faso, Niger and Liberia)
Promotion of integrated crop
management technologies to improve
plantain productivity of small-holder
farmers (Cameroon, DR Congo, Congo,
Benin, Togo and Ghana)
Improving seed systems in cereals and
legumes) in West and Central Africa
(Mali, Burkina Faso, Ghana and
Cameroon)
Promotion of post-harvest technologies in
the storage and processing of maize and
cowpea to reduce losses and to improve
market quality in WCA (Senegal, Niger,
Guinea and Cameroon)
ConclusionsThe approaches and mechanisms in this strategy facilitate active and holistic involvement of
stakeholders, particularly farmers, women processors, the private sector and research
organizations in the light of the IAR4D paradigm, which is a clear indication of stakeholder
commitment in the new approach in the generation, dissemination and adoption of technology
and innovation. Through project implementation, target groups are increasingly having their
capacities strengthened, gaining more access to technology and innovation, as well as to new
knowledge and options for improving productivity, competitiveness and market access of
important staple crops. Thus, the strategy is expected to transform beneficiaries into food
secure, knowledgeable and prosperous individuals and communities.
AcronymsACMV Africa Cassava Mosaic Virus
AfricaRice Africa Rice Centre
AFSTA Africa Seed Trade Association
AGRA Alliance for green revolution in africa
CARBAP Centre Africain de Recherches en Bananiers et Plantains
CBB Cassava Bacteria Blight
CGIAR Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research
CILSS Comité Permanent Inter - Etats de Lutte Contre la Sécheresse dans le Sahel
CIRAD Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le
Développement
CERAAS Centre d’Etudes Régionales pour l’Amélioration de l’Adaptation à la
Sécheresse
CORAF/WECARD Conseil Ouest et Centre Africain pour la Recherche et le Développement
Agricoles/ West and Central African Council for Agricultural Research
and Development
FAAP Framework for African Agricultural Productivity
IAR4D Integrated Agricultural Research for Development
ICRISAT International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics
IFPRI International Food Policy Research Institute
IITA International Institute of Tropical Agriculture
IWMI International Water Management Institute
M&E Monitoring and Evaluation
NARI National Agricultural Research Institute
NARS National Agricultural Research System
NGO Non-Governmental Organisation or Organisations
QPM Quality Protein Maize
REC Regional Economic Community or Communities
WASA West Africa Seed Alliance
Demographic and social vulnerability1. WCA is inhabited by 318 people, with rapid population growth of 3.1%, twice global average.
2. While 60-70% depend on agriculture, 50-60% live on less than $1 a day.
3. Widespread hunger and malnutrition are common and access to technology is limited
Effect of climate change1. Africa is warming up at about 0.05°C per decade.
2. In the Sahel, rainfall has decreased by 20-40% in past 30 years with 9-10 months dry season in
a year
3. Frequent dry spells and floods during the growing season have become common
Vulnerability to food insecurityHigh risk of food insecurity and low capacity to mitigate food insecurity
Stagnation of agricultural productivity over the past 40 years
ObjectiveBroad-based productivity, competitiveness and markets sustainably improved in West and Central
Africa for staple crops.
Potential economic contribution
during the next 10 years
Needs (% Response)
Agri-input enterprises
Cassava 4.7 billion
Yam 1.8 billion
Rice 6.8 billion
Maize 2.5 billion,
Sorghum 2.4 billion
Credit
Market
Capacity
strengthening
Policy
Partnership
and Capacity
Technology Markets Policy Regulatory systems
Effective partnership
at national and
sub-regional levels
Generation and
promotion of
productivity
enhancing
technologies (ISFM,
NRM, IPM, soil water
management)
post-harvest,
processing.
Quality control and
certification
systems to support
producers and
private sector in
adopting good
agric. practices
(GAPs)
Functional policy to
support the growth
of the private
sector (input-output
& processing
enterprises)
Innovations to
remove barriers to
trade (bank
transactions, border,
in-country, linguistic,
currency)
Innovative and
improved credit
delivery system
Germplasm that meet
expectation of
producers,
processors,
exporters, consumers
made available
through functional
variety release
system.
Promotion of
harmonised market
information systems
and data collection
for actors to make
informed choices
Innovations to curb
unfair competition
between imported
and locally
produced cereals,
with reformed
policies to support
local initiatives
Promotion of existing
rules, regulations for
cross-border trade in
grains and seeds
under the treaties of
the RECs
Empowered
producer and
processor groups to
enhance knowledge,
skills and group
management
capacities
Widespread and
cost-effective use of
appropriate inputs
through group
linkages to
input/credit
Stabilised prices of
produce through
improved storage
and longer term
credits.
Innovative
marketing systems
for grains,
particularly
groundnuts in the
Sahel
Strengthen
sub-regional
capacity to
implement
harmonised rules,
standards and
regulations
Support to key
NGOs for long-term
projects and to
expand scope.
Encourage NGO
Research-Private
sector linkages.
Facilitate fabrication
and acquisition of
adaptive equipment
(field, shelling,
cleaning, processing)
Improved quality
and year-round
supply of raw
material and
storage systems
Curbing embargo
on recruitment of
scientists
Strong producer,
processors and
exporter capacities in
trade standards, rules
and regulations.
Improved farmer-
extension ratio,
NGO-Research-
Private sector
linkages to improve
access to
technology, market
and credit.
Uninterrupted supply
of breeder and
foundation seeds of
priority varieties
Promotions and
utilisation of
certified seeds and
fertiliser, bringing
distribution centres
closer to producing
communities
Solutions to power
and water outages
to improve private
sector
performance.
Improved linkages of
emerging
entrepreneurs to
sub-regional and
export markets
Research capacity
(human, equipment,
logistics)
strengthened
Acquisition of vital
farm machinery and
equipment for land
preparation, irrigation,
post-harvest activities
Tax exception on
imported
machinery and
equipment
Functional
agri-businesses in
roots, tubers and
plantain together with
orthodox seeds.
Private sector –
policy support and
linkages to public
sector institutions
Zone sahélienne del'Afrique de l'Ouest
Zone de l'Afrique Centrale
Zone côtière de l'Afriquede l'Ouest
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
Raw materia
l
Equipement
Credit
Market
Proc'g
Tech
Capacity S
tr.
Germplasm
Tech
. Tra
nsfer
Group fo
rmatio
n
Communicatio
n
Cross
-bord
er
Policy
Needs (% Responses)
of Processors
Needs (% Responses)
of Producers
Critical areas for redress Thematic areas of interventions
Theme Intervention
1. Agricultural productivity enhancement Develop and promote new stress-tolerant genetic
materials, ISFM, IPM, NRM; involvement of
more countries, particularly Central Africa
2. Agricultural inputs promotion Promote seed entrepreneurship development;
community-seed multiplication, capacity building;
quality control; breeder, foundation and certified
seed supply; variety releases, cataloguing;
increased use of appropriate fertilisers
3. Promotion of post harvest technologies Promote food storage technologies, diversification
of processed products, conditioning, packaging,
labelling and marketing)
4. Strengthening capacities of producers,
processers, input organization and
researchers
Strengthen capacity of civil society – in
association and group management, technical
skills, access to inputs, credit and market). using
projects to train scientists through their theses
research
5. Accelerated promotion of regional
harmonisation/integration systems
Promote harmonised regulations in trade and
seed and germplasm exchanges
Mobilize resources (human and
financial); develop partnership; need to
implement new projects to address gaps,
up-scale and out-scale success stories;
Improving networking with stakeholders
Mobilize resources (human and financial);
develop partnership; need to implement new
projects to address gaps, up-scale and out-scale
success stories; Improving networking with
stakeholders
Millet 1.6 billion
Cowpea 380 million
Groundnut 3.4 billion
Plantain
Total 23.68 billion
Opportunities offered by Organisations
CORAF/WECARD Programmes
Technologies/innovations and synergies from programmes: (1) Livestock, Aqua-culture and
fisheries; (2) Staple Crops (3) Non-staple crops; (4) Natural Resource Management;
(5) Biotechnology and bio-safety, (6) Policy, market and trade; (7) Knowledge management;
(8) Capacity strengthening
Research Institutions (in general)
1) Sources of adaptive technologies (2) Experience in sub-regional agricultural systems,
partnerships and linkages, (3) Services in documentation and laboratory analyses (4)
Expertise for capacity strengthening
NARIs
(1) Critical mass (scientists) for research (2) Adaptive technologies (crop varieties;
farming systems; socio-economics, NRM), documentation and publication; (3) linkages to
national stakeholders (4) In-depth knowledge in the national systems, (5) capacity to train target
groups; (6) linkages with the CGIAR in technology development.
CGIAR and Base Centres
AfricaRice: (1) NERICA (upland and lowland) tolerant to multiple stresses, (2) Rice
varieties tolerant to RYMV, soil salinity/acidity, (3) Lowland cropping systems, (4) Grain quality
improvement
IITA : (1) Multi-purpose cassava varieties resistance to the ACMV and CBB, (2) Yam
varieties resistance to virus, (3) Maize varieties bio-fortified (Zn, Fe, Amino Acids-QPM) and
resistant to stresses, (4) Legume (cowpea/soybean) varieties, (5) Post-harvest
technologies.
ICRISAT: (1) Sorghum OPVs & hybrids and millet, (2) Striga-tolerant sorghum, (3) Groundnut
resistant to the rosette virus and other pests
IFPRI: Food policy and market analyses
IWMI: Soil water management and small scale irrigation systems development
BIOVERSITY: Strategic reserve and conservation of germplasm
CIRAD: (1) Advanced laboratories; (2) Expertise in basic research, (3) Strong link with
Francophone NARIs
CARBAP: Plantain and banana (for local and export markets)
CERAAS: Sorghum, millet, groundnut and cowpea adaptation to dry conditions
Farmer organisations
(1) Grouping/associations facilitate partnership, linkages, technology transfer and
lobbying, (2) Indigenous knowledge, (3) On-farm experimental fields and management;
Private Sector
Processors and traders (1) Creating and diversifying markets, (2) Reducing post-harvest losses,
(3) Facilitate sub-regional food distribution
Equipment Fabricators: (1) Fabrication of processing equipment, ( in baseline reports on rice,
cassava and sorghum/millet processing in the process of publishing)
Agric-input organizations: (1) Promotion of new germplasm, (2) Promotion of harmonized
rules, regulations, standards, variety release and cataloguing systems, (3)Certification systems
in some countries, (4) Existence input entrepreneurs and companies with linkages to
WASA, AFSTA, IFDC and AGRA
Response (%)
Breeder & found’n seeds
Processing equipment
Seed prod’n t’nology
New germplasm
High
Low