8/2/2019 MIS I

1/15

Are raw facts or observations, typically about physicalphenomena or business transactions.

DATA

8/2/2019 MIS I

2/15

Data that have been converted into a meaningful and usefulcontext for specific end users.

INFORMATION

8/2/2019 MIS I

3/15

A group of interrelated components working towards acommon goal by accepting input and producing output in an

organized transformation process.

SYSTEM

8/2/2019 MIS I

4/15

SYSTEM STAKEHOLDERS

8/2/2019 MIS I

5/15

System owners : Are the persons who pay for the system tobuilt.

System analyst: Is a specialist who studies the problems andneeds oforganization to determine how people, data, process and IT canbestaccomplish improvements for the business.

System Designer: A technical expert who translates systemusers business requirements and constraints into a technical

solution.

System Builder: Is a technical specialist who constructs IS andcomponentsbased on the design specifications generated by the system

designers.

8/2/2019 MIS I

6/15

TYPES OF SYSTEM

8/2/2019 MIS I

7/15

Open and Closed System : Open system is one which is interactive innature. A closed system is one which does not interact with itsenvironment. Physical and Abstract System : are tangible entities that may be static ordynamic. A physical system is a set of elements which operates together toachieve a goal. An abstract system is an orderly arrangement ofinterdependent ideas which may or may not have any existence in the realworld. Super and Subsystem : A system that is part of some larger system isknown as subsystem. Super system is a large and complex system whichmay or may not have subsystems. Deterministic and Probabilistic system : A deterministic system is one inwhich the occurrence of all the event is certain. A probabilistic system isone in which the occurrence of the event cannot be perfectly predicted. Temporary and Permanent systems : Temporary systems are those

which has relatively short time span and are made to achieve certainobjective or to perform specific task. Permanent systems are thosesystems which have relatively long time span. Natural and Man made systems: Systems which are god gifted or theirexistence is because of nature are called natural systems. Man made

systems are those in which human beings intervene through components,attributes or relationships.

8/2/2019 MIS I

8/15

INFORMATION SYSTEM

Information System is a combination of people,hardware, software, communication devices, network

and data resources that processes data and information

for a specific purpose.

8/2/2019 MIS I

9/15

8/2/2019 MIS I

10/15

Organization: Organization is a collection ofpeople with a common goal using finite resources

to attain the objectives.Management: Management is the method ofachieving the goals of the organization by theactivities planning, organizing ,staffing, directing,controlling .Levels of Management: Lower Level, MiddleLevel, Top LevelRoles of Management: Leader, Mentor, LiaisonAgent, Controller etc.Functions of Management: activities planning,organizing ,staffing, directing, controlling .Functional Areas of Management: Marketing,Finance, Production and Human resourcemanagement.

8/2/2019 MIS I

11/15

Management InformationSystem

A computer system designed tohelp managers plan and directbusiness and organizationaloperations.Is an integrated man/machine

system for providing information tosupport the operations,management and decision making

functions in an organization.

8/2/2019 MIS I

12/15

Decision Making ProcessDecision making is a managerial process ofchoosing a particular course of action out ofseveral alternative courses for the purpose ofachieving the given objective.Decision Making process is combination ofseveral steps:

- Identification Phase

- Development Phase- Selection Phase- Implementation Phase

8/2/2019 MIS I

13/15

Classification of ManagerialDecisions

Classification according to goalsClassification according to the timehorizonClassification according to the structureClassification according to the level ofmanagementClassification according to the conditionClassification according to the problemcomplexity and outcome certainty.

8/2/2019 MIS I

14/15

Classification according to Goals :- Individual Decision : when a decision is taken by a

single person.- Group Decisions : Decisions taken by a group of

persons.- Organizational Decisions : when a person takes a

decision in the organization as an executive.Classification according to the Time Horizon :- Basic Decisions: basic decisions are those which

are one time decisions, unique in nature involving

long commitments and duration..- Routine Decisions: Routine decisions are the day

to day decisions, highly repetitive which have littleimpact on the organizatio.

8/2/2019 MIS I

15/15

Classification according to theStructure:

- Structured Decision: Decisions whichare arrived after applying clear decisionrules or by following some specified

procedure. - Semi structured Decisions: Decisions

in which some aspect of the problem are

structured and others are unstructured.- Unstructured Decision: Decisions

which cannot be arrived after applying

clear decision rules or by following some