ministry of environment and climate change - envis centre on:cleaner...

Romania’s national experience on

cleaner production policies

Luminita Ghita, senior adviser, Ministry of Environment and Climate Change, Romania

MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND CLIMATE CHANGE

Workshop on Cleaner Production Policies Ankara, Turkey, 5 September 2013

ROMANIA’s national experience on CPP MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT

AND CLIMATE CHANGE

Agenda

1.The concept of Sustainable Consumption and Production (including Cleaner Production)

2.EU Policies

3.Romania’s policies on SCP

4.Concrete Steps


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Sustainable Consumption and

Production Sustainable Consumption and Production (SCP) is about “the use of services and related products, which respond to basic needs and bring a better quality of life while minimizing the use of natural resources and toxic materials as well as the emissions of waste and pollutants over the life cycle of the service or product so as not to jeopardize the needs of further generations”. (Oslo symposium, 1994)

SCP is not necessarily about consuming less. It is about doing more and better with less

Achieving SCP is a systemic and integrated approach to the

achievement of sustainable development


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Sustainable Consumption and

Production (2) • Agenda 21, adopted in Rio de Janeiro in 1992

“The major cause of the continued deterioration of the global environment are the unsustainable patterns of consumption and production…”

• Johannesburg Plan of Implementation (JPOI) – 2002

“Poverty eradication, changing unsustainable patterns of production and consumption and protecting and managing the natural resource base of economic and social development are overarching objectives of, and essential requirements for, sustainable development.”

• A clear request: chapter III of the JPOI – 2002 “Encourage and promote the development of a 10-year framework of programmes (10YFP) in

support of regional and national initiatives to accelerate the shift towards sustainable consumption and production (SCP) to promote social and economic development within the carrying capacity of ecosystems.”

• Adoption of the 10YFP at Rio+20

“We recognize that fundamental changes in the way societies consume and produce are indispensable for achieving global sustainable development. […] We adopt the 10-year framework of programmes on sustainable consumption and production patterns, as contained in document

A/CONF.216/5 …” www.unep.org/10YFP

http://www.scpclearinghouse.org

http://www.unep.org/10YFP

http://www.scpclearinghouse.org/




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SCP – what does it mean?

• Addressed Sustainable Consumption and Production throughout the life cycle of products and services are essential to create preconditions for sustainable economic transition. Should be better enhanced a correlation between economic growth and sustainable use of natural resources and sustainable production and consumption with an emphasis on sustainable industrial policy. • To ensure sustainable economic development, should be created the preconditions for sustainable consumption behaviour. To ask for sustainable products, consumers should be informed, must "demand" products labelled organic, the price of which consider the internalization of environmental externalities. To reach the consumer, distribution will be made at distances as close or transport modes which results in a minimized pressure on the environment. Products, from design stage to revalue certain materials were recovered from waste and to have as much potential components of recovery and reappraisal. • A sustainable society is integrated in the environment, which includes producing smaller pressures on natural environment, the outputs of the economic system will be integrated, with the resources and energy already contained in the products, resulting small quantities of waste and reuse of selected waste.


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SCP – the core of Green Economy

The recent debates within UN, especially Rio+20 defined the concept o Green Economy . SCP represent the core of developing a GE. We should avoid the pressures generating on the natural environment and focus our efforts towards sustainable use of natural resources and reintroduce on the economic system valuable resources and energy that are incorporated into different products and waste. One of the key challenges to change toward Sustainable consumption and production is the implementation of the "green marketing" concept, within the entire products’ lifecycle and in all the component of the marketing mix and develop an efficient scheme for business to be more involved in the implementation of green economy, through re-using in the economic cycles of the post-consumption materials and energy, by re-thinking green management and marketing strategies. The consumers will be encouraged to buy eco-friendly products, the non-polluting technologies will be encouraged and in calculating the profit yielded by any economic activity, there will be a requirement to include also the potential costs the society might pay at a certain point in the future.


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EU Policies on SCP

European Union Sustainable Development Strategy, reviewed in 2006 (EU-SDS). - One chapter dedicated to Sustainable Consumption and Production Present discussions on reviewing EU SDS after Rio+20 Conference - after the adoption of Sustainable Development Goals in 2015 EU Strategy 2020 Integrated Product Policy /Sustainable Consumption Policy (IPP/SCP) EU Ecolabel Directive on Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC) is a key tool of sustainable production and eco-innovation. EU EMAS ETAP


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Romania’s Policies on SCP

Some sustainable development principles were incorporated in public policies as result of the concrete obligations under the declarations and conventions that were developed following debates within the UN and its specialized agencies (e.g. Romania was the first European country to ratify the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change). The prospect of EU accession caused these endeavors to become more specific by emphasizing the priority of adopting a new philosophy of development that could ensure an organic correlation of economic, social and environmental dimensions along with the assimilation of the Community acquis in its entirety. In 2007-2008 was revised the National Sustainable Development Strategy (adopted in 1999), based on the objectives of the European Union Sustainable Development Strategy, reviewed in 2006 (EU-SDS); was approved by the Government Decision no. 1460 in November 2008, becoming the main strategic document on sustainable development at national level. Successful implementation of Local Agenda 21 in approximately 40 counties and municipalities.


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The National Institute of Statistics conducted a project in collaboration with the Ministry of Environment within a Eurostat grant. The aim of this project is to develop a set of national sustainable development indicators to monitor the objectives of the NSDS. (2008-2010 National, 2010-2012 Regional level) The database (SDIR) with SDI for Romania includes 103 indicators, with data series; available in the national statistical system since 2000, ranked as it follows: level 1 - 19 indicators, level 2 - 37 indicators and level 3 - 47 indicators.

Romania’s Policies on SCP (2)

1. Structural changes and macroeconomic equilibriums 2. Climate change and clean energy 3. Sustainable transport 4. Sustainable production and consumption 5. Conservation and management of natural resources 6. Public health 7. Social inclusion, demography and migration 8. Global poverty and sustainable development challenges 9. Education and vocational training 10. Scientific research and technological development, innovation 11. Increasing productivity and improving employment rates 12. Structural changes and macroeconomic equilibriums 13. Administrative capacity and quality of public services

www.insse.ro


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Romania’s Policies on SCP (3)

Objective no. 4: SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION 1. Resource productivity 2. Domestic Material Consumption per Capita 3. DMC (Domestic Material Consumption) components 4. Domestic Material Consumption by Type of Material 5. Generated waste by economic activity 6. Collected municipal waste per inhabitant 7. Municipal waste landfilled 8. Municipal waste recycling rate 9. Population’s coverage with sanitation services 10. Share of organic crop areas in the utilised agricultural area 11. Environmental industries turnover 12. Number of employees in environmental industries 13. Emissions of acidifying substances and ozone precursors 14. Total particulate matter emissions 15. Electricity consumption of households 16. Motorization rate 17. Average meat consumption per inhabitant 18. Enterprises with a certified environmental management system 19. Livestock density index 20. Average number of persons per household 21. Average consumption expenditure per capita

www.insse.ro


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Concrete steps

Romania has implemented the EC Legal Framework for Green Public Procurement (GPP) (DIR. 2004/17 & 18/EC) at the national level through the Emergency Governmental Ordinance no.34/2006. Thus, the contracting authority has the right to use awarding criterion based on environmental characteristics (if awarding criterion is the ‘most advantageous tender from the economic point of view’) or define the technical specifications by relating to environmental standards (national, European or international).

In order to create a market for green public procurement in Romania, the Ministry of Environment has developed projects for dissemination, promotion and implementation of policies on GPP:

• Promoting GPP by creating a framework for training public purchasers. (2009-2011) The project is funded through Structural Funds (EUR 250,000). The project trained and certified 40 public procurers in the field of GPP, to provide one operational Guide to support GPP training sessions and to create a public procurers green network. • Developing emergent ecological markets in Romania. The project is funded by the Norwegian Cooperation Programme - Innovation Norway (approx. EUR 2,000,000) and run by the Ministry of Environment in partnership with the Norwegian Ministry of 45 Environment, between July 2009 - April 2011. One of the components of this project aims to inform 400 producers, retailers and the scientific community about the ecological criteria for 9 categories of products, services and works and to train 400 public procurers on GPP issues in all 8 regions of Romania.


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Concrete steps

• Application of Industrial Ecosystems Principles to Regional Development – ECOREG This project is being implemented with financial support of the European Union through the LIFE+ Programme (LIFE07ENV/RO/000690)

Purpose: The Project aims to test in Romania the concept of Industrial Symbiosis, which was successfully implemented through a governmental programme in the United Kingdom

Specific objectives: Environmental Reduction in raw material consumption, energy, utilities, by 2-5 % for all units through implementing innovative tools and instruments; Reduction of waste generation and pollutant emissions by 5-20% for all units; Conversion of wastes/by-products into resources (seconday materials); Significant reduction of environmental impact by developing result-based programmes at the level of industrial units.

Economic Increase of economic efficiency (through tehnological improvements, reduction of production costs);

Reduction in environmental expenditure. Social Creation of new jobs; Improvement of public image and of interrelation between industrial units; Preservation and improvement of tourist potential of the pilot area.


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Concrete steps

ECOREG www.nisp-ecoreg.ro Implementation period:

1st February 2009 – 1st October 2011 Pilot Area: Suceava County Financing Total project budget: 880,700 euro, out of which: LIFE+ Programme (41,48% of project’s value) Co-financing Ministry of Environment (17,3% of project’s value) Co-financing Ministry of Economy (22,53% of project’s value) In-kind contribution of each partner (18,69% of project’s value)

The ECOREG project has led to the following results: • over 200 economic and social units from various fields and industrial sectors have been included in a regional symbiotic network; • 568 resources flows and 200 synergies were identified; • 114 synergies were completed, involving 13 waste categories; • The synergies involve over 530.000 t of waste, out of which: 30,000 t of construction and demolition waste, over 500,000 t wood waste, 232 t of animal and food waste, 25 t plastic waste, 20 t Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment. A surface of over 2,500 ha of forest was preserved, following the replacement of Wood raw materials with other types of wastes; Reduction in GHG emissions with more than 130,000 t of CO2, following the replacement of virgin materials with alternative resources.

Thank you !

Luminta Ghita , senior adviser

International Relations and European Affairs Department

MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND CLIMATE CHANGE

[email protected]

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