mining areas – geographic information systems + remote sensing faculty of civil engineering, ctu...
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Mining Areas – Geographic Information Systems + Remote Sensing
Faculty of Civil Engineering, CTU in Prague GWF - Mining and Exploration 15 May 2013
Potential mining areas
Active mines Abandoned mines
Dumps Reclaimed areas
GIS Remote sensing
Mining Areas – GIS for potential mining
Faculty of Civil Engineering, CTU in Prague GWF - Mining and Exploration 15 May 2013
Potential mining areas
GIS
Maps: geological, hydrogoelogical, of deposits, soils, faults, …..
Mining Areas – GIS for potential mining
Faculty of Civil Engineering, CTU in Prague GWF - Mining and Exploration 15 May 2013
Vector data
Queries in attribute data
Mining Areas – GIS – examples of useful applications
Faculty of Civil Engineering, CTU in Prague GWF - Mining and Exploration 15 May 2013
Crossection of brown coal seam
Contour lines of thickness of the rock cover
Dangerous area - 0 – 20 m thickness of the upper layers
Dangerous area - < 20 – 60< m thickness of the upper layers
Mining Areas – GIS – land use/mining development
Faculty of Civil Engineering, CTU in Prague GWF - Mining and Exploration 15 May 2013
1934 1960
1975 1999
Mining Areas – GIS – land use/mining development
Faculty of Civil Engineering, CTU in Prague GWF - Mining and Exploration 15 May 2013
1934 1960
1975 1999
Mining Areas – GIS – land use/mining development
Faculty of Civil Engineering, CTU in Prague GWF - Mining and Exploration 15 May 2013
1934 1960
1975 1999
Mining Areas – GIS – land use/mining development
Faculty of Civil Engineering, CTU in Prague GWF - Mining and Exploration 15 May 2013
1934 1960
1975 1999
Mining Areas – GIS – reclamation development
Faculty of Civil Engineering, CTU in Prague GWF - Mining and Exploration 15 May 2013013
Reclamation development
Mining Areas - remote sensing
Faculty of Civil Engineering, CTU in Prague GWF - Mining and Exploration 15 May 2013
Potential mining areas
Active mines Abandoned mines
Dumps Reclaimed areas
Remote sensing
Record of the state of the land cover at the moment of imagery data collection
Evaluation of the imagery – updated maps, object extraction
change detection = evaluation of several images to determine development of the are
Mining Areas – remote sensing
Faculty of Civil Engineering, CTU in Prague GWF - Mining and Exploration 15 May 2013
Remote sensing offers:
- records of the current state of:land cover
- 2D, 3D, 4D data for a project of mining activities
Potential mining areas
Active mines Abandoned mines
Dumps Reclaimed areas
Mining Areas – remote sensing
Faculty of Civil Engineering, CTU in Prague GWF - Mining and Exploration 15 May 2013
data: optical, radar, lidar offer:• updating of land cover/open pits state in 2D, 3D and 4D• and thus creating model of development of mining and accompanying activities
Data are – spaceborne, airborne, or from unmanned aerial systems with:
•Various time resolution•Various spatial resolution•Various spectral resolution
Mining Areas – spaceborne remote sensing
Faculty of Civil Engineering, CTU in Prague GWF - Mining and Exploration 15 May 2013
Spaceborne data:
•time resolution - about 3 days (on 50° latitude)•spatial resolution - 8 sensors PAN < 1,0 m, 1 sensor MS< 2 m•spectral resolution - PAN, MS, Hyper (Hyperion 220 bands, 30 m)
Advantage: regular repetitive measurement on programed orbits
Disadvantage operational functioning by programming – various look angle
Mining Areas – RS – reclamation development
Faculty of Civil Engineering, CTU in Prague GWF - Mining and Exploration 15 May 2013
• Analysis of mean value and standard deviation of NDVI Values calculated for individual areas
Mining Areas – RS – reclamation – change detection
Faculty of Civil Engineering, CTU in Prague GWF - Mining and Exploration 15 May 2013
Analysis of NDVI change during a time period. Increase and decrease of vegetation coverage in%
Mining Areas – airborne remote sensing
Faculty of Civil Engineering, CTU in Prague GWF - Mining and Exploration 15 May 2013
Airborne data collection: •time resolution - irregular --- on demand •spatial resolution – cm – depends on height of the flight•spectral resolution – multispectral cameras/scanners, thermal cameras,
hyperspectral scanners, SAR, lidar
Disadvantage: irregular repetitive measurement dependent on weather
Mining Areas – UAV remote sensing
Faculty of Civil Engineering, CTU in Prague GWF - Mining and Exploration 15 May 2013
Unmanned Aerial Systems: •time resolution - irregular --- on demand •spatial resolution – cm – depends on height of the flight•spectral resolution – multispectral cameras/scanners, thermal cameras,
hyperspectral scanners,
Advantage: Operational, easy manipulated by non-specialist
Disadvantage: Irregular repetitive measurement dependent on weather
Mining Areas – UAV remote sensing
Faculty of Civil Engineering, CTU in Prague GWF - Mining and Exploration 15 May 2013
quadro- , hexa- , octo-copters
Several hundred meters above the terrain
GPS/IMU, gyroscope,Automated stabilization
15 minutes flight, two cameras (MS and thermal)
Mining Areas – UAV remote sensing
Faculty of Civil Engineering, CTU in Prague GWF - Mining and Exploration 15 May 2013
OrthophotoŽacléř
DSM
Mining Areas – UAV remote sensing
Faculty of Civil Engineering, CTU in Prague GWF - Mining and Exploration 15 May 2013
Thermal data
Mining Areas – GIS + remote sensing
Faculty of Civil Engineering, CTU in Prague GWF - Mining and Exploration 15 May 2013
Conclusion I:
1)GIS – various data storing – a comprehensive tool2)Remote Sensing:
1) Land surface type information 2) Digital Surface Model (DSM)3) Subsidences (interferommetry)4) Development of areas
3)GIS – data storing4)So what and how?
Mining Areas – remote sensing
Faculty of Civil Engineering, CTU in Prague GWF - Mining and Exploration 15 May 2013
Conclusion II:•GIS application is clear and necessary to have a complete information in one system
•RS application – various purposes and thus various data - it is a sensitive and responsible task – which should be carefully analyzed in individual case