millennium challenge account-indonesia green …penyuluhan untuk pertanian, perikanan dan...

MILLENNIUM CHALLENGE ACCOUNT-INDONESIA

GREEN PROSPERITY PROJECT

PROGRAM MANAGEMENT CONSULTANT

MAJENE

RAPID DISTRICT READINESS ASSESSMENT (RDRA)

FOR PARTICIPATION IN MCA-INDONESIA’S

GREEN PROSPERITY PROJECT

Prepared by: CDM International Inc. (CDM Smith) and Hatfield Consultants Partnership

Under Contract Number GP-B-001

Table of Contents

i

Table of Contents

Table of Contents ............................................................................................................................................. i

List of Tables ................................................................................................................................................... i

List of Appendices ........................................................................................................................................... i

Acknowledgements ........................................................................................................................................ ii

Executive Summary ...................................................................................................................................... iii

Section 1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 1-1

1.1 Background .............................................................................................................................................. 1-1 1.2 Objective ................................................................................................................................................... 1-1

Section 2 Methodology .................................................................................................................... 2-1

Section 3 General Description of the District .......................................................................... 3-1

3.1 Location and Accessibility ................................................................................................................. 3-1 3.2 Number of Population ......................................................................................................................... 3-1 3.3 Community Health ................................................................................................................................ 3-2 3.4 Regional Economy ................................................................................................................................ 3-2

3.4.1 Performance for the Period of 2009-2013 ................................................................ 3-2 3.4.2 Development Targets for 2012-2016 .......................................................................... 3-2 3.4.3 Low-Emission Economic Development ...................................................................... 3-4 3.4.4 Renewable Natural Resources Management ............................................................ 3-4

3.5 Plantation Sector (Cocoa Plantation) ........................................................................................... 3-5 3.6 Spatial Plan .............................................................................................................................................. 3-7 3.7 Social and Gender Integration ......................................................................................................... 3-9

Section 4 Rapid Assessment Results .......................................................................................... 4-1

Section 5 Conclusions ...................................................................................................................... 5-1

List of Tables

Table 1: Majene District Cocoa Plantation Land Area and Productivity. ......................................... 3-5

List of Appendices

Appendix A Maps of Majene District

Appendix B Photographs of Majene Landscape

Appendix C Summary of Field Observation Activities

Acknowledgements

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Acknowledgements

This report was prepared with the support of MCA-Indonesia and the Majene District government,

by the Program Management Consultant (PMC) team of MCA-Indonesia’s Green Prosperity Project

(GPP). Particular support was provided by MCA-Indonesia by Pak Sigit Widodo, Pak Arief Setyadi,

Pak Wawan Heryawan, Pak Gofur, Pak Bayu Aji Prakoso, and Pak Lukman Nurhakim, who provided

initial information and the field team’s letter of support.

In Majene, special support is given from Pak Syamsiar Muchtar Mahmud (Secretary of

District/Sekretaris Daerah/SEKDA), Pak Burhanuddin (Head of Regional Planning and Development

Agency/BAPPEDA), Pak Ahmad Rafli Nur (Head of Forestry and Plantation District Office/Dinas

Kehutanan dan Perkebunan/Dishutbun), Pak Iskandar Muri (Head of Agriculture and Animal

Husbandry District Agency/Dinas Pertanian dan Peternakan/Distannak), Pak Muh. Syafei

(Department Head of implementation and Counseling Infrastructure, Food Security and Counseling

Implementer for Agriculture, Fishery, and Forestry Office/Badan Ketahanan Pangan dan Pelaksana

Penyuluhan untuk Pertanian, Perikanan dan Kehutanan/BKP4K), Pak Eddy Kardoyo (Department

Head of Environment Monitoring and Evaluation, Environment and Park Office/Badan Lingkungan

Hidup dan Pertamanan/BLHP), Pak Cecep G Noor (Secretary of Social, Manpower, and

Transmigration Agency/Dinas Sosial Tenaga Kerja dan Transmigrasi/Dinsosnakertrans), Ibu

Hamsinah (Department Head Training and Placement of Manpower, Social, Manpower, and

Transmigration Agency/Disosnakertrans), Ibu Ratna (Sub-Department Head of Women

Empowerment; Village Government, Community and Women Empowerment and Familly Planning

Office/Badan Pemerintahan Desa dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat, Perempuan dan Keluarga

Berencana/BPDPMPKB), Pak Bustan Abduh (Sub-Department Head Follow-Up, District Legal

Division), Ibu Fitriani (Sub-Department Head of Administration, Integrated Licensing Services

Office/Kantor Pelayanan Perijinan Terpadu/KPPT) and Pak Muh. Afif (Section Head of Licensing,

Office of Integrated Licensing Services), Pak Ashar Malik (Head of Mine, Energy and Mineral

Resorces Agency/Dinas Pertambangan dan Energy/Distamben), and Pak Inindria (Head of Income

Agency/Dinas Pendapatan Daerah/Dispenda).

Executive Summary

iii

Executive Summary

This report provides a rapid district readiness assessment (RDRA) of the capacity, commitment, and

investment opportunities of Majene District, West Sulawesi, to support environmentally sustainable

and low-carbon economic growth through the MCA-Indonesia Green Prosperity Program (GPP). This

assessment included a field visit from March 9 to 13, 2015. The objectives of this rapid assessment

were to assess the level of readiness of Majene District for GPP activities, specifically: political

conditions; institutional capacity; regulatory frameworks; social and gender analysis; and required

conditions under the Millennium Challenge Compact. The results of this assessment will be used to

allow the district to sign MoUs with MCA-Indonesia for project implementation.

Majene is located approximately 146 km or 3 hours drive from the city of Mamuju (the capital city of

West Sulawesi Province). Majene District is also accessible from Makassar in South Sulawesi

Province by land transportation (~240 km) which is approximately 5 hours travel over land. The

population of Majene of was 153,869 in 2013, with an average population growth for 2010 to 2013

of 1.71% per year.

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) calculation (based on the constant price set in year 2000) shows the

GDP growth of the Majene District in 2013 was 10.51%. The GDP was IDR 1,672.72 billion in 2012

and increased to IDR 1,848.56 billion in 2013. Economic growth in the year 2013 was supported by

positive growth in all sectors. The economic sector with the highest GDP growth was the mining and

quarrying sector, which grew by 18.02%, the lowest growth occurred in the agriculture sector,

which grew by 1.66%. However, the agriculture sector is the largest contributor to GDP (47.46%),

followed by services sector (17.49%), and trade, hotel and restaraunt sector (11.76%). The smallest

contribution was from the electricity, gas and fresh water sector (0.95%).

Majene has potential renewable resources to support sustainable development. Some potential renewable resources for GPP development in Majene are in the agriculture sector, namely plantations (cocoa, coconut, candlenut, coffee), rice, horticulture, and forest resources. Other sectors that may be important for GPP include: hydroelectricity, micro-hydro and solar power plants. Additionally, the natural resources in Majene (e.g., pine forest in Kelurahan Baruga Dhua) offer potential for sustainable ecotourism. The district has a spatial plan legally enforced by District Regulation/Peraturan Daerah (PERDA) of Ende District No. 12/2012. The spatial plan is focused on promoting agriculture, mining industry, and tourism in the district. Majene District refers to existing PERDAs on village (desa) designation and change of status between desa and kelurahan. There is no indication that the regulations from Ministry of Home Affairs (Permendagri) no 27/2006 on village designation and 28/2006 on change of status from desa to kelurahan are used as legal basis in district spatial plan and medium-term plan. In regards to Participatory Land Use Planning (PLUP), the Rapid DRA in found that participatory mapping (Task #1), acquisition of geospatial data (Task #2), geospatial identification of pending license (Task #3) and capacity building (Task #4) are done; thus fulfilling all PLUP requirement specified by MCA-Indonesia. However, Implementation of participatory mapping in Majene District is still incomplete. Therefore, support for PLUP Package#1(Participatory mapping) will be relevant for Majene District to strengthen existing participatory mapping component and to complement other existing PLUP components. Majene District scored 49 out of the possible 63 points. This is a moderate score and indicates that the district has commitments. The aspects that received low scores were regulatory aspects: a lack of a PES program and the lack of local government incentives for green development. This is a potential area of intervention for MCA-Indonesia in Majene. Majene District received the highest scores in

Executive Summary

iv

Participatory Land Use Planning (PLUP) and high score in the social and gender issues (8 out of possible 9 points). The conditions to support GPP implementation include the openness of public information in relevance with Law no 14/2008 on public information openness.

Section 1 Introduction

1-1

Section 1 Introduction

1.1 Background MCA-Indonesia, under the Green Prosperity Project (GPP), has pre-selected seven districts within

three provinces (in addition to the 11 districts previously assessed) as target areas for project

investments. Prior to proceeding with the GPP in these districts, their readiness to host GPP

activities must be assessed to determine which district has the greatest readiness, based on specific

criteria set by MCA-Indonesia that includes: appropriate capacity, commitment, and investment

opportunities to support environmentally sustainable and low-carbon economic growth. The rapid

District Readiness Assessments (RDRA) are intended to ensure that these targeted districts can

effectively support GPP activities, and to allow these districts for signing of Memoranda of

Understanding (MoU) with MCA-Indonesia. These RDRAs are undertaken by the Project

Management Consultant (PMC) supporting MCA-Indonesia. This report represents the RDRA

undertaken for the GPP by PMC, in Majene District, West Sulawesi Province.

1.2 Objective Objectives of this RDRA were:

Conduct rapid assessment in the selected district using an agreed methodology provided by

MCA-I, namely to assess the level of district readiness related to: political conditions,

institutional capacity, regulatory frameworks, participatory land use planning, social and gender

analysis, and conformance with Millennium Challenge Compact conditions;

Compile relevant secondary data from related local government institutions and other

stakeholders for supporting the assessment;

Identify critical issues that will potentially affect the implementation of the GPP;

To support MCA-Indonesia in prioritizing the seven pre-selected districts for MoU signing and

sustainable cocoa partnership agreement; and

To assess investment opportunities within the district for environmentally sustainable and low-

carbon economic growth.

Section 2 Methodology

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The District Readiness Assessment (DRA) consists of four major components: Secondary Data

Collection; Readiness Analysis (using the same matrix used in the previous DRA) added with

geospatial/spatial plan analyses; Strategic Environmental Assessment; and stakeholder

mapping/analysis based on available natural resources in each respective district.

Secondary data collection focuses on compiling documents such as the long-term and medium

development plans; District statistics (District in numbers); Strategic plans from relevant district

government agencies; Regional strategy; Strategic Environmental Assessment; and regional

strategies for reducing greenhouse gas (RAN-GRK). In addition to these documents, a spatial plan

map (preferably in .shp format) were collected and compiled to improve our understanding of each

respective district from a spatial planning point of view. The emphasis of the spatial plan data is to

understand the context of land designation; forest cover; and natural resources. Whenever

applicable, the spatial plan data collected also include data on moratorium and indigenous land

ownership to allow more comprehensive analyses of relevant information in each district.

Collection of Secondary data. Secondary data collected for Majene District included:

– Majene District Spatial Plan (RTRW) 2012-2032 and it’s related documents (Local

Government Regulation of RTRW, Strategic Environmental Assessment of RTRW, geospatial

data/GIS of RTRW, village and sub-district boundary);

– Long Term Development Plan (RPJP) Majene District 2005 – 2025;

– Middle Term Development Plan (RPJMD) Majene District 2012 – 2016;

– Majene District in Numbers 2014;

– Strategic Plans of local government agencies: Forestry and Plantation Agency (Dinas

Kehutanan dan Perkebunan), Environment and Park Agency (Badan Lingkungan Hidup dan

Pertamanan), Agriculture and Husbandry Agency (Dinas Pertanian dan Peternakan), Food

Security and Counseling Implementer for Agriculture, Fishery, and Forestry Office, Mining

and Energy Agency (Dinas Pertambangan dan Energy), Village Government and Community

and Women Empowerment and Family Planning Office (Badan Pemerintahan Desa

Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dan Perempuan dan Keluarga Berencana), Environment and Park

Office (Badan Lingkungan Hidup dan Pertamanan/BLHP), Intergrated Licensing Services

Office (Kantor Pelayanan Perizinan Terpadu/KPPT); Regional Income Agency (Dinas

Pendapatan Daerah/Dispenda);

– Performance Report of Government Institution 2013 or 2014: Forestry and Plantation

Agency, Agriculture and Husbandry Agency, Food Security and Counseling Implementer for

Agriculture, Fishery, and Forestry Office, Mining and Energy Agency, Village Government

and Community and Women Empowerment and Family Planning Office, Environment and

Park Agency, Income and Licensing Agency (Dinas Pendapatan dan Perijinan); and

– Related District Government Regulation (Peraturan Daerah/Perda) and Bupati Regulations

(Peraturan Bupati/Perbup), among others: Regional Spatial Plan; Village Development Plan

Discussion; Guideline of Establishment, Elimination, and Fusion of Villages; Establishment of


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Organization and Manner for Integrated Licensing Services Office, Main Task and Function of

Technical Institutions and Agencies.

Field visit and interviews. A field visit to Majene District was conducted by the PMC team from

March 9 to 13, 2015, to better understand the local context for future GPP investment. Target

areas visited included: the general landscape of Majene, agriculture/cocoa resources,

infrastructure and land use. The PMC team met and conducted interviews with the following

District offices and Agencies:

– District Planning and Development Board (Badan Perencanaan dan Pembangunan

Daerah/BAPPEDA);

– Forestry and Plantation Agency;

– Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Agency;

– Food Security and Counseling Implementer for Agriculture, Fishery, and Forestry Office;

– Mining and Energy Agency;

– Social-Manpower and Transmigration Agency;

– Village Government, Community and Women Empowerment and Family Planning Agency;

– Integrated Licensing services Agency;

– Regional Income Agency;

– Legal Bureau (under Secretary of District);

– Head of the local cocoa farmer group (Bukit Harapan) in Lombang village, sub-district of

Malunda; and

– Head of the local cocoa farmer group (Bukit Apulaya) in Ulidang village, sub-district of

Tammeroddo.

Appendix A contains maps of Majene District (Location, land cover, forest status, moratorium,

strategic area, spatial pattern, and spatial structures). Photographs taken during the field visit

appear in Appendix B, while Appendix C contains summaries of the meetings with the listed

organizations.

Data analysis. Descriptive analysis was conducted following terms of reference provided by

MCA-Indonesia, and focused on components of: policy, regulation, institutional capacity, social

conditions and gender, and Compact requirements. A description of each component is provided

in the matrix presented in this report. Additionally, analyses on conditions of cocoa plantations

and conditions to support Public Land Use Planning are also done based on interviews and/or

secondary data.

GIS Analysis. The GIS analysis included:

– Land-cover analysis to identify critical land and forest cover to support the geospatial

analysis of the existing spatial plan. Land-cover analysis was conducted to show comparison

of cover percentages among land-cover classes; and


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– Identification of natural resources and stakeholders and/or institutions related to these

natural resources (resource-based stakeholder mapping). Indigenous land ownership issues

were identified using this approach.

These geospatial parameters were linked to the district spatial plan and strategic environmental

assessment (SEA). The spatial plan data has been validated and is enforced by the Bupati

through a District regulation (PERDA).

Section 3 General Description of the District

3-1


3.1 Location and Accessibility Majene District was established through Law No. 29/1959 regarding the establishment of districts in

Sulawesi. The capital city of Majene District is officially located in Banggae Sub-district. Maps of

Majene District are presented in Appendix A.

Majene is located in West Sulawesi Province. The landscape in Majene is characterised by hills and

mountainous topography in West part area, with some areas with milder slopes suitable for

agriculture practices. The remaining topography is flat to undulating in East part area. Based on it’s

elevation, 38.70% of the total Majene District area has an elevation of between 100 to 500 meters

above sea level (masl), 35.98% of the total area has an elevation of between 500 to 1000 masl, and

the remaining area (25.32%) has an elevation of below 100 masl.

The total district area is 94,784 ha, with 54,954 ha (54.81%) of forest, including protected forest

(45,036 ha), limited production forest (6,918 ha). Approximately 49% of Majene District area is

under moratorium map (Indicative Map of New License Suspension). This would represent an ideal

proportion of use for forested land, but many of the protected areas are not functionally protected.

Land-use in the remaining areas is mainly used for cultivation and settlement areas. Land-use areas

are shown in Appendix A. In 2013, the total annual precipitation in Majene district was 1,682 mm,

with a total of 198 rainfall days. The highest number of rainfall days occurred in December (23

rainfall days), while the highest amount of precipitation occurred in January (266 mm).

Majene District can be accessed by road from the West Sulawesi province capital in Mamuju (~ 3 h

drive), or from the South Sulawesi province capital in Makassar (~ 5h drive). There is no direct flight

to Majene, and public transportation relies on small commuters and minibuses from Mamuju or

Makassar to and from Majene and by buses from Makassar to and from Mamuju. In 2013, the total

road length in this district is 625 km, consisting of 45.40 km IIIA class roads and 579 km of IIIC class

roads. Road conditions in Majene District are graded as: 70% in good condition, 12% in middle

condition, 3 % in bad condition, and 15% in very bad condition. Road conditions are in acceptable

condition to allow access to most areas in Majene District.

3.2 Number of Population The estimated population of Majene District at the end of 2013 was 158,890 people, consisting of

77,521 men (48.8%) and 81,369 women (51.2%), giving a male:female ratio of 95:100. The largest

number of people live in the Banggae sub district (39,244 people), and the fewest live in the Tubo

Sendana sub district (8,613 people). The average annual population growth from 2010 to 2013 was

1.71% per year. The population is spread across all eight sub-districts, with an average population

density of 168 people/km2. There are no urban areas in Majene District, so the entire population is

considered rural.

The total number of working-age people (>15 yrs.) in the population is 61,835 people (38,077 men,

23,758 women). Of the working-age population, 60,490 people (97.82%) are employed. Of the

employed population, 36,931 are men (61.05%) and 23,559 are women (38.95%).

The most recent data on poverty in Majene estimated that in 2013, 15.26% (24,300 people) lived

below the poverty line (defined by the Bureau of Statistics as being able to meet the basic human


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needs of 2100 calories/day). Between 2010 and 2013, the number of people living in poverty

decreased from 18.42% in 2010 to 15.26% in 2013.

3.3 Community Health Health facilities available in Majene consist of one public hospital in Banggae sub-district, one to two

community health centers (PUSKESMAS) in each sub-district, and two to six subsidiary health

centers (PUSTU) in all sub-districts. Other health facilities available were: 286 integrated services

posts (Posyandu), and 32 doctors. People residing in remote sub-districts (such as Malunda and

Ulumanda) may have difficulties reaching health facilities due to poor road/access conditions.

Immunisations are available for children, and they consist of BCG, DPT, polio, and hepatitis B

immunisations. In 2013, approximately 1.7% of newborns in Majene were stillborns.

3.4 Regional Economy 3.4.1 Performance for the Period of 2009-2013 From 2010 to 2013, the economic performance of Majene has improved. Gross domestic product

(GDP) increased from IDR 611.59 billion in 2010 to IDR 743.1 billion in 2013 (calculated based on

constant price set in 2000). The annual GDP in Majene has increased every year since 2010 (7.52%

in 2011, 7.04% in 2012, 5.56% in 2013), with an average annual growth rate of 6.71% over this

period, lower than the overall West Sulawesi provincial average of 7.16%.

The GDP based on current price in 2013 is IDR 1,848.56 billion, and it is mainly generated by the

Agriculture sector (47.46%). The next highest contributions are from the Services sector (17.49%)

followed by the Trade, Hotel and Restaurant sector (11.76%). Five economic sectors showed an

annual growth rate of over 8% in 2013, including: mining and quarrying; electricity, gas, and fresh

water; finance, rental, company services; and processing industry. The mining and quarrying sector

had the highest GDP growth in 2012 to 2013, increasing by 18.02%. The agriculture sector had the

lowest GDP growth rate in 2012 to 2013, of 1.66%.

One of the benchmarks for the prosperity level of a region is the per capita GDP. Based on current

prices, the per capita GDP for Majene has increased steadily from 2010 to 2013. Per capita GDP

increased from IDR 8,865,661 in 2010 to IDR 11,634,240 in 2013. Per capita GDRP calculated based

on process set in year 2000, was IDR 4,047,386 or IDR 337,282 per month in 2010; IDR 4,273,786 or

IDR 356,149 per month in 2011; IDR 4,454,008 or IDR 371,167 per month in 2012; and IDR

4,676,521 or IDR 389,710 per month in 2013.

3.4.2 Development Targets for 2012-2016 Based on the medium term development plan (RPJMD) for 2012 – 2016, Majene District has planned

development programs based on its nine misions. The main programs related with GPP and their

development goals are as follow:

Mission I: Improving human resource quality of community and government employees:

Health promotion and community empowerment program, establishment of community based

health promotion development of 25% in 2012, 30% in 2013, 40% in 2014, 50% in 2015, and

55% in 2016;

Safety improvement for mother and children, as indicated by mortality of mother (angka

kematian ibu/AKI) and mortality of infant (angka kematian bayi/AKB). The aim is to decrease

AKI=4 mothers and AKB=48 babies in 2012, AKI=3 and AKB=40 in 2013, AKI=3 and AKB=35 in

2014, AKI=3 and AKB=35 in 2015, AKI=3 and AKB=30 in 2016; and


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Empowerment of agriculture/plantation trainer (penyuluh) of 10 people in 2013, 15 people in

2014, 20 people in 2015, and 25 people in 2016.

Mission II: Improving acceleration of development in economic, social welfare, political and

security.

Poverty prevention program in the city: four kelurahans in 2012, five kelurahans in 2013, six

kelurahans in 2014, six kelurahans in 2015, six kelurahans in 2016;

Completion of land-use conflict resolution program: 85% in each year (2012 to 2016);

Production and quality improvement of cocoa and coconut: Rejuvenation/Peremajaan/P=200

ha, Rehabilitation/R=400 ha, Intensification/I=1,130 ha in 2012; P=600 ha, R=200 ha, 1,500 ha

in 2013; P=500 ha, R=-, I=500 ha in 2014; P=450 ha, R=-, I=1,000 ha in 2015; and P=450 ha, R=-,

I=1,130 ha in 2016; and

Cocoa productivity improvement program: 900 kg/ha in 2012, 1,050 kg/ha in 2013, 1,200 kg/ha

in 2014, 1,400 kg/ha in 2015, and 1,500 kg/ha in 2016.

Mission III: Development and implementation of religious and cultural values as motivation

and innovation sources in regional development.

Cultural value development program, organization/customary community: 7 groups in 2012, 9

groups in 2013, 10 groups in 2014, 11 groups in 2015, and 13 groups in 2016.

Mission IV: Acceleration of basic and regional infrastructure development.

Village infrastructure development programs: 7 villages in 2012, 10 villages in each year of 2013

to 2016.

Mission V: Establishing sustainable development.

Garbage management development program: 100% in each year of 2012 to 2016;

Pollution and environmental damage control program: 100% in each year of 2012 to 2016;

Ecotourism and environment services development in marine and forest conservation area

program100% in each year of 2012 to 2016; and

Forest and land rehabilitation program: 140 ha in 2012, 150 ha in 2013, 160 ha in 2014, 170 ha

in 2015, and 180 ha in 2016.

Mission VI: Implementation of Good Governance pronciples in government.

Spatial plan program, preparation of detailed spatial plan revision (Rencana Detail Tata Ruang/

RDTR) Majene city; and

Data/information development program: 20 village maps in 2013, 40 village maps in 2014, and

22 village maps in 2015.

Mission VII: Improving Public Services for Community.

Community health program, implementation of health services in poor/remote area: 90%

coverage in 2012, and 100% in each year of 2013 to 2016;


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Restructuring land ownership and land use rights program: 90% in each year of 2012 to 2016;

and

Community participation improvement program in village development: 62 villages in each year

of 2012 to 2016.

Mission VIII: Optimalization of Natural Resources management.

Availability of production facilities for cocoa and coconut farmers: 10 farmer groups in 2013, 10

groups in 2014, 20 groups in 2015, and 20 groups in 2016;

Utilization of potential forest resources program: 25 ha in 2012, 30 ha in 2013, 35 ha in 2014, 40

ha in 2015, and 45 ha in 2016;

Electricity development program, establishing alternative energy utilization training: 25

participants in each year of 2012, 2014, and 2016.

Mission IX: Improvement of regional finance institution’s roles for supporting community

economic.

Empowerment program for poor community, remote/isolated customary communities

(Komunitas Adat Terpencil/KAT) and other groups with social and welfare issues (Penyandang

Masalah Kesejahteraan Sosial/PMKS): 30 groups in 2012, 35 groups in 2013, 45 goups in 2014,

50 groups in 2015, and 60 groups in 2016;

Cooperation and small and medium enterprise (SME) program: 20% in each year of 2012 to

2016; and

Acceleration of coping poverty program: 50 groups in each year of 2012 to 2016.

3.4.3 Low-Emission Economic Development West Sulawesi does not have a Provincial Strategic Action Plan (SRAP – Strategi Rencana Aksi

Propinsi) for the implementation of REDD+. However, Majene District, has a strategic opportunity to

contribute to greenhouse gas emission reductions as it provides high percentage of forest cover

(51,954 ha, or approximately 55% of the district area) and potential natural resources to support

district development.

3.4.4 Renewable Natural Resources Management Potential renewable resources in Majene district that may support sustainable development include: Renewable Energy:

– Hydro Electricity Power Plants (Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Air/PLTA): in village

Bambangan, Malunda sub-district (8 MW);

– Micro Hydroelectric Power Plants (Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Mikro Hidro/PLTMH): in

Ulumanda sub-district (5 units, 2,000 W per unit) and in Malunda sub-district (1 unit, 2000

W), and in Tamerrodo sub-district (1 unit, 7500 W); and

– Solar Power Plants: in kelurahan Baurung, East Banggae sub-district (300 W), and in

Sambabo village, Ulumanda sub-district (90 units x 150 WP).


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Ecotourism:

– The potential of sustainable cultural ecotourism including: Mandar Museum, old Mosque

Salabose, Banggae’s King cemetery, Syekh Abdul Mannan cemetery in kelurahan Pangali Ali,

Banggae sub-district; Ammana Wewang Fort in Betteng village, Pamboang King cemetery in

Lalampanua village, Pamboang Sub-district; and

– The potential of sustainable natural ecotourism including: Pine forest in kelurahan Baruga

Dhua, East Banggae sub-district; Agro ecotourism Bambangan in Malunda sub-district; Coral

Reef Pantai Rangas in kelurahan Totoli, Banggae sub-district; Pantai Maluno island, Idaman

Tai Manu island, and White Sand Beach Bonde-Bonde and Lereklerekan island in Sendana

sub-district.

3.5 Plantation Sector (Cocoa Plantation) Plantations in Majene District are mainly community plantations within three commodity groups:

Perennial plantation commodities such as sugar palm (aren), cashew, kapok/randu, coconut dalam,

coconut hybrid, palm oil, candlenut (kemiri sunan), and sago; Seasonal plantation commodities such

as patchouli (nilam); Spices plantation commodities: vanilla, clove, cocoa, coffee (Arabica and

Robusta), and pepper. Based on 2014 statistics of Majene District, the largest plantations by area are:

cocoa with 14,106 ha (48.26%), followed by coconut with 9,425 ha (32.25%), candlenut (kemiri)

with 2,402 ha (8.22%), and coffee with 1,096 ha (3.75%). Within the cocoa plantation area, 8,197 ha

(60.19%) is productive plantation, the rest of the area consists of 1,663 ha (12.21%) of non-

productive (non-yielding) plantations, and 3,757 ha (27.59%) of damaged plantations. The national

cocoa plantation program (Gernas) has contributed cocoa seed to increase of plantation area in

Majene District.

The 2014–2019 Strategic Plan of the Forestry and Plantation Agency has stated that coconut, cocoa,

candlenut are the three main plantation commodities to be developed, and has determined that

cocoa development is the top priority. In 2014, the Forestry and Plantation Agency prepared a the

Forestry and Plantation in Figures. It is stated that Majene District has 13,616.58 ha of cocoa

plantations, with 11,620 cocoa farmer households (HH). The average size of land owned by each

cocoa farmer household was 1.17 ha/Household. The farmers in the Tubo Sendana sub-district

owned the largest average amount of land (1.88 ha/Household), and farmers in the Pamboang sub-

district owned the smallest average amount of land (0.58 ha/Household).

Of the 13,616.58 ha of cocoa plantations, and by plantation size and it’s productivity, five sub-

districts were considered the central production area as they have 83.07% (11,311.50 ha) of the

total plantation area. The main central production area within this central production area includes

two sub-districts which have 55.40% (7,544 ha) of the total plantation area. These central and main

central production areas are shown in Table1. In 2014, the average cocoa productivity in Majene

district was 757.30 kg/ha/year, the highest cocoa productivity was in sub-district Malunda (992

kg/ha/year) and the lowest productivity was in sub-district Pamboang (408 kg/ha/year).

Table 1: Majene District Cocoa Plantation Land Area and Productivity.

No. Sub District Land Area Productivity

Remarks (ha) (%) (kg/ha/year)

1. Malunda 4,232.00 31.08 992 Main Central Production 2. Tammerodo 3,312.00 24.32 900 Main Central Production 3. Ulumanda 2,389.00 17.54 903 Central Production 4. Sendana 1,378.50 10.12 889 Central Production 5. Tubo Sendana 1,364.58 10.02 888 Central Production 6. East Banggae 411.00 3.02 603 Non Central Production 7. Pamboang 355.50 2.61 408 Non Central Production


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No. Sub District Land Area Productivity

Remarks (ha) (%) (kg/ha/year)

8. Banggae 174.00 1.28 475 Non Central Production Total 13,676.58 100.00 6,058.41 Average 757.30

Source: Forestry and Plantation in Figures, 2014.

Based on interviews with the Head of the Forestry and Plantation Agency and staff, as well as with

the head of the cocoa farmer group in the Malunda sub-district and Tammerodo sub-district, cocoa

farmers in Majene District have received various training on plantation management and

maintenance to maximize productivity and quality of the harvest facilitated by the Forestry and

Plantation Agency. One of the commonly used methods for maintaining a cocoa plantation is known

as PsPSP (frequent harvest, trimming, sanitation and fertilization). Most farmers practice trimming

(cutting the buds and the branches). Other components in PsPSP such as clearing of fallen leaves,

destroying damaged fruits, collecting the husks and fertilizing are not commonly practiced.

Additionally, techniques for processing and preparing the cocoa seed are implemented to increase

the quality of the harvest. These techniques include the use of an elevated bamboo platform called

the para-para with a roof or cover made of UV plastic to ensure drying even during cloudy days and

to keep dried cocoa cleaner. Seed fermentation is also practiced to increase the quality of the seed,

which also increases the market price. Sambung Samping or side grafting and Sambung Pucuk or tip

grafting are also used by cocoa farmers in this district to replenish cocoa fruit and produce seed for

expanding the plantation. This technique is also used to produce high quality seed strains such as

Sulawesi-1 and Sulawesi-2.

The primary source of funding used to start and operate a cocoa plantation is from the farmer’s own

investment. The second most common source of funding is a loan from the Community Economic

Organisation (Lembaga Ekonomi Masyarakat/LEM/Koperasi) for expanding and maintenance of the

plantation. However, not all farmers use a loan as a source of funding for their cocoa plantation.

Financial institutions such as Bank Rakyat Indonesia (BRI) have not been used by farmers to acquire

loans.

Cocoa seeds mainly come from the farmers’ own plantation, but also from government institutions

such as the Cocoa Research and Development Center (Puslitkoka) in Jember East Java, or from the

Plantation Agency that produces high quality seed for the parent (F1) generation. A new cocoa

research and development center was recently established in Majene (under the Ministry of

Agriculture), but this institution has not had a significant role yet.

The cocoa farmers interviewed produced around 1,000 kg/ha/year. They were able to acquire a

price of Rp. 30,000 – Rp. 39,000/kg from export companies, but less than Rp. 30,000/kg from the

village buyer/middlemen. The majority of the harvest is usually sold to village buyer/middlemen

and only a few farmers sell their harvest directly to export companies. This is mainly because

individual farmers do not have access to the export companies in order to negotiate. Most sales take

place between the farmer and a local buyer or middlemen in the farmers’ house, with the transaction

paid in cash. Farmers can negotiate a price with a local buyer, but in some cases the price of cocoa is

fixed by the buyer. The calculated revenue of cocoa farmers’ household is IDR 2,218,000 per month

(before deduction for plantation maintenance), which is higher than the provincial minimum wage

in West Sulawesi (IDR 1,400,000).

The critical issues in developing cocoa plantations include: managing pests that reduce harvest (i.e.,

PBK, Penggerek Buah Kakao), and shortening the supply-chain between the farmer and the market.

Getting farmers more access to the market can potentially result in more competitive prices for

cocoa and better prices for farmers (at the expense of middlemen).


3-7

3.6 Spatial Plan The spatial plan for Majene is enforced by law through Regional District Regulation (PERDA) No:

12/2012 regarding Majene District Spatial Plan 2012-2032. Under this regulation, all regions in the

Majene District are designated as follows:

Protected areas:

– Protected forest areas: 45,036 ha, spread across seven sub-districts: Ulumanda, Malunda,

Sendana, Tubo Sendana, Tammarodo, Pambuang, East Banggae;

– Water catchment areas: areas designated to protect downstream water resources;

– Locally protected area: riparian areas, areas around water bodies;

– Natural conservation areas: nature reserves, cultural heritage areas, wildlife sanctuaries. It is

stated in the Perda that it consist of ±71.35 ha of mangrove area, and cultural heritage area;

– Areas prone to natural disasters;

– Geologically protected/ sensitive areas; and

– Other protected areas.

Cultivation areas:

– Limited production forest: ±7,418 ha, spread across 2 sub-districts: Ulumanda (2,195 ha)

and Malunda (5,222 ha);

– Community forest: 6,962 ha, spread across 3 sub-districts: Ulumanda, Malunda, and Tubo

Sendana;

– Agriculture land area;

– Fishery area;

– Mining area;

– Industry area;

– Ecotourism area;

– Settlement area; and

– Other land development area (areas for national defense, trade).

The Activities system development plan for Majene district was determined by arranging service

centers in cities based on interest and potential value to be developed. The hierarchy of service

centers in Majene district are as follows:

1. PKW: Regional Center Activities (Pusat Kegiatan Wilayah), namely Banggae and East Banggae

sub-district;

2. PKLp: Local Promotion Center Activities (Pusat Kegiatan Lokal Promosi), namely Malunda in

Malunda sub-district, Pambuang in Pambuang sub-district, and Somba in Sendana sub-district;


3-8

3. PPK: Area Center Services, namely Tammerodo in Tammerodo Sendana, Tubo in Tubo Sendana

sub-district, and Ulumanda in Ulumanda sub-district;

4. PPL: Environment Center Services, consist of: Kelurahan Baruga in East Banggae sub-district,

Kelurahan Sirindu in Pamboang sub-district, Kelurahan Tallubanua in Sendana sub-district, Desa

Ulidang in Tammerodo Sendana sub-district, and Desa Maliaya in Malunda sub-district.

In addition to the above classifications, Majene District designates strategic regions consisting of

province and district strategic regions. Province strategic regions in Majene District include:

1. Potential region for cocoa commodity development as strategic region designated for economic

interest, and covers Sendana, Tubo Sendana, Tammerodo Sendana, Malunda, and Ulumanda sub-

districts;

2. Crude oil mining region in Mandar Block (4,196 km2), covers Makassar bay territory, and East

Banggae, Banggae, Pamboang, Sendana, Tubo Sendana, and Tammerodo sub-districts;

3. Strategic region of West Sulawesi Education Centre in Majene designated for social and culture

in East Banggae sub-district; and

4. Ecotourism traditional culture of Mandar region is a strategic region designated for social and

culture, covers all sub-districts.

District strategic regions consist of regions for economic interest, social culture, utilization natural

resources and/or high technology, and for environmental and carrying capacity function.

District strategic regions for economic interest are:

1. Strategic region of Nusantara/Archipelago Fishery Harbor in Sendana Sub-District;

2. Agropolitan strategic region in Malunda Sub-District;

3. Ecotourism strategic region in East Banggae, Banggae, Pamboang, and Sendana sub-districts;

4. Minapolitan strategic region in Banggae, Pamboang, and Sendana sub-districts; and

5. District strategic regions for social and culture interest in Banggae, East Banggae, Pamboang, and

Malunda sub-districts.

District strategic regions for utilization of natural resources and/or high technology, consist of:

1. Oil and gas mining South Mandar Block (3,882 km2), covers Makassar bay in Banggae and East

Banggae sub-districts;

2. Oil and gas mining Malunda Block (5,148.68 km2), covers Makassar bay in Malunda, Ulumanda,

and Tubo Sendana sub-districts;

3. Oil and gas mining Karama Block (5,389.68 km2), covers Makassar bay in Malunda, Ulumanda,

Tubo Sendana, and Tammerodo Sendana sub-districts;

4. Coal mining in Seppong village in Tammerodo Sendana sub-district, and Talubanua village in

Sendana sub-districts;

Others potential mining such as limestone, clay, oker dasit-andesit, zeolit, basal, kerakal bongkah,

iron and gold exist in several sub-districts.


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District strategic region for environmental function and carrying capacity function consist of:

1. Mangrove area in East Banggae, Banggae, Pamboang, Sendana, Tammerodo, Tubo Sendana, and

Malunda sub-districts;

2. Community forest and protected forest in Majene District;

3. Water catchment area in Majene District;

4. Critical land area planted by wood trees that have ecological and economical benefit.

The Spatial Plan of Majene District was based on the Strategic Environmental Assessment

(SEA/Kajian Lingkungan Hidup Strategis/KLHS) developed for Majene. Disaster risks in Majene

District include landslide/erosion (Sendana and Ulu Manda sub-districts); flood (Malunda,

Tammerodo, Pamboang, East Banggae and Banggae sub-districts); earthquake (Ulu Manda,

Tammerodo and Sendana sub-districts; tsunami and coastal abrasion.

Based on interviews with the heads of the government departments and reviews of related

documents, there are PERDA related with village boundary demarcation including:

1. PERDA No. 1/2010 regarding Guideline of Establishment, Elimination, and Merging of Villages

(Desa);

2. PERDA No. 2/2010 regarding Guideline of Establishment, Elimination, and Merging of Villages

(Kelurahan);

3. PERDA No. 7/2010 regarding Establishment of Villages in Majene District;

4. PERDA No. 8/2010 regarding Establishment of Village (Kelurahan) to become Desa.

There is no indication that Regulations from Ministry of Home Affair (Permendagri) no 27/2006 on

defining village boundaries and 28/2006 on change of status from Desa to Kelurahan are used as

legal basis in the spatial plan and the medium-term development plan.

3.7 Social and Gender Integration

The government of Majene District places a focus on gender equality and women and children

protection. The District Head (Bupati) established some decrees to support women and children

empowerment such as:

1. Bupati Decree No. 881/HK/KEP-BUP/II/2014 regarding Establishment of Management Board of

Integrated Services Centre for Women and Children Empowerment of 2014 to 2016;

2. Bupati Decree No. 1132/HK/KEP-BUP/II/2014 regarding Establishment of Committee, Resource

Person, and Moderator for Training of Trainer for Service and Assistance of Domestic Violence

Victims;

3. Bupati Decree No. 1133/HK/KEP-BUP/II/2014 regarding Appointment of Committee, Resource

Person, and Instructure of Capacity Improvement Activity for Women and Children Institution

Network in Majene District.

The gender mainstreaming related program in Majene District are managed by Village Government,

Community and Women Empowerment and Family Planning Agency. Their vision is to create

community autonomy through good governance and village institution that supports equity


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empowerment, gender and children justice in family and community. Under the 2012-2016 Medium

term Regional Development Plan, the priority programs that will be implemented include:

Gender Equality Strategic Planning

– To increase the number of women in the development up to 200 people by 2016;

– To increase women access in various fields participated by up to 175 people by 2016;

Strengthen the Gender Mainstreaming Institution

– To increase women access in various fields participated by up to 200 people by 2016.

Increase life quality and protection of women

– To increase women’s quality of life by enhancing women economic activities and drive the

involvement of women in various sectors. It is expected to be received by up to 200 women

in 2016.

Other programs related to women that are established by the District Government:

Increasing support of house hold and women community economic unit;

Increasing job opportunities for women from 24.7% to 27.5% in 2016;

Support the micro credit for village community (Usaha Ekonomi Desa Simpan Pinjam/UED-SP)

and micro credit for women (Simpan Pinjam Perempuan/SPP).

The census of 2013 gives some description about recent status of women in Majene District. The

women population is 78,849 while men are 75,020. There are 50 to 100 more women who work in

the government institutions as civil servants compared to men. However, women in the Regional

House of Representative (Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah/DPRD) are still low (19%) compared to

men. The numbers of job opportunity of women, also the number of unemployment by gender in

2013 showing approximately to equal proportion. From total population, women get 43% jobs and

from total unemployed people, women are 53%. Most of the women in this district work as

housewives. Higher education is also attended by women and the number is quite equal to men,

where in 2013 4,252 women attended University while the number of men is 3,547.

Section 4 Rapid Assessment Results

4-1


No. Factors

Determining District Readiness

Assessment Scoring and Discussion Document Reviewed

1. Political Analysis 1.1 Government

Transparency Policies

Majene District has opened its policies to the public related to licensing procedures for natural resource utilizations (forest, plantation, mining, and commerce). BAPPEDA, Forestry and Plantation, Agriculture, and Mining agencies claim to have clear information and maps for licensing procedures. Critical issues include the need to improve coordination between the integrated/one-roof licensing office (Integrated Licensing Services Office) with forestry and plantation, agriculture, mining, and other sectors. Despite the needs for improving access to public information, Majene District government has shown their commitments to openness of public information which in in line with law no 14/2008 on Public Information Openness.

3 2 1 1. Interview with SEKDA (9 March 2015) 2. Interview with Head of Regional Planning and

Development/ BAPPEDA (10 and 13 March 2015)

3. Interview with Head Section of Licensing; Integrated Licensing Services Office (12 March, 2015)

4. Interview with Head of Forestry and Plantation Agency (March 10, 2015)

5. Interview with Head of Agriculture Agency (March 10, 2015)

6. Interview with Head of Mining and Energy Agency, and Head of Geological division (12 March, 2015).

7. PERDA and Bupati Decree related documents. 8. Law no 14/2008 on public information openness.

Score of 2 indicates that Majene has a commitment to transparent governance in the permitting processes and potential for local renewable resources to be sustainably developed. However, the district has not set up an official website to share available data. Local regulation (PERDA/District Government Regulation and PERBUPs/Bupati’s Decree) related are as follows: 1. PERDA No. 1/2013 regarding Establishment of

Organization and Work Management of Integrated Licensing Services Office in Majene District.

2. Bupati Decree No. 2204/HK/KEP-BUP/XII/2013 regarding Delegation of Authority for Licensing Signed Approval to Head Office of Integrated Licensing Services in Majene District.

3. Bupati Decree No. 1081/HK/KEP-BUP/III/2014 regarding Standard Operational Procedure in Integrated Licensing Services Office in Majene District.

1.2 Commitment to low emission economic growth

West Sulawesi Province does not have a strategic action plan for reducing greenhouse gas emission. Consequently, Majene District does not have specific objectives on low emission economic growth. However, there are already micro-hydro facilities in some sub-districts: Ulumanda and Malunda; solar panel facilities in sub-districts: East Banggae and Ulumanda. Hidroelectrict power plants in

3 2 1 1. Interview with Head of Regional Planning and Development/ BAPPEDA (10 and 13 March 2015).



4. Interview with Head of Mining and Energy Agency, and Head of Geological division (12

Majene scored 3 on its commitment to the low-emission economic development. Although Majene does not have a strategic action plan for reducing greenhouse gas emission, but the issue of sustainable development in all sector has been considered in the Medium Term Development Plan (RPJMD). Alternative electricity sources for remote communities located far from the PLN electrical


4-2

No. Factors



sub-districts Malunda (8 MW). Although this is primarily driven by the needs for utilizing available resources for energy generation, this may become primers in setting up low emission scenario at a larger scale in the future.

network are operated in several sub-districts. March, 2015). 5. The Medium Term Development Plan (RPJMD)

2012 to 2016.

1.3 Potential land use conflict

Based on interviews and review of the Strategic Environmental Assessment (Kajian Lingkungan Hidup Strategis/KLHS), there are indications of land conflicts between community cocoa plantations (or mixed plantation), settlements, and upland rice fields with the forest areas, both protected forest (Hutan Lindung/HL) and limited production forest (Hutan Produksi Terbatas/HPT). This occurs as a result of the expansion of the community plantations into forest areas.

3 2 1 1. Interview with Head of Regional Planning and Development/ BAPPEDA (10 and 13 March 2015)

2. Interview with Head of Forestry and Plantation Agency (March 10, 2015).

3. Interview with Head of Agriculture Agency (March 10, 2015).

4. The Medium Term Development Plan (RPJMD) 2012 to 2016.

5. The Strategic Environmental Assessment (Kajian Lingkungan Hidup Strategis/KLHS) of Regional Spatial Plan 2012 to 2032.

The land conflicts between local community and forestry and plantation agency have been not resolved. Interviews with the Head of Forestry and Plantations shows that the district government agencies have mechanisms in place and a commitment to reduce/resolve conflicts in Majene District. However the mechanism has not been entirely effective.

2. Institutional Analysis 2.1 BAPPEDA and

Sector Agencies Interview with SEKDA, Head of BAPPEDA and Head of all agencies visited show that BAPPEDA in Majene District has the main role of coordinating, directing, and providing guidelines and assistance to all sector agencies, in order to ensure that the development plan of all sector agencies are in line with the long term development plan (RPJPD) 2005 – 2025, medium term development plan (RPJMD) 2012 - 2016, and annual development plan (RKPD). This relationship is stated implicitly in RPJMD document. Each district agency and offices have their own strategic plan (Renstra) and annual work plan (Renja) from which they base their program implementations.

3 2 1 1. Long Term Development Plan Majene District 2005 – 2025.

2. Medium Term Development Plan Majene District 2012 – 2016.

3. Strategic Plan (2012 – 2016), Annual Work Plan, and Performance Report of district agencies: Forestry and Plantation, Agriculture, Mining and Energy, Environment, Income, Village Government Community and Women Empowerment and Family Planning, etc.

4. Interview with SEKDA, head and staff of BAPPEDA, Head and staff of other district agencies and offices (9 to 13 March 2015.)

There are well defined links between the BAPPEDA and the sector agencies. There are formal and valid documentation to indicate how development planning in each sector agency is tied to the district development planning of BAPPEDA. Planning documents (Renstra and Renja) and performance reports (Laporan Kinerja Instansi pemerintah/Lakip) of each sector agency will be submitted to BAPPEDA. Then, BAPPEDA wil review all documents and provide corrections, inputs, and assistance.


4-3

No. Factors



2.2 NRM Licensing process/procedures

Licensing process related to mining, forestry and plantation companies, and investment follows Law No. 23/2014 on regional government. Licensing process in other sectors (trade, commerce, services, infrastructure, constructions, etc.) is handled by the Integrated Licensing Service Office. District government regulation and Bupati decree related with licensing and investment are available.

3 2 1 1. Interview with Head of Regional Planning and Development/ BAPPEDA (10 and 13 March 2015).





6. PERDA and Bupati Decree related documents. 7. Law No. 23/2014 on regional government.

Majene District follows the provincial regulation (based on Law no 23/2014) for licensing in forestry, plantation and mining sectors. Majene District has already formalized licensing processes for other sectors through the one-roof licensing service (as enforced with the Bupati Decree No. 2204/HK/KEP-BUP/XII/2013 regarding Delegation of Authority for signatories of the Licensing to Head of Integrated Licensing Service Office; Bupati Decree No. 1081/HK/KEP-BUP/III/2014 regarding Standard Operational Procedure in Integrated Licensing Service Office. Other regulation is District Government Regulation No. 1/2013 regarding Establishment of Organization and Work Management of Integrated Licensing Service Office in Majene District. The roles of district agencies (technical representations) are currently only limited to issueace of recommendation letter for the licensing process.

2.3 Non-government actors affecting district development

Non-government actors are defined as private sector and/or non-government organisations (NGOs) that support development in the district. NGOs are involved in the development of many sectors in Majene District (especially in cocoa plantation and forestry sectors). NGOs include SwissContact, local non-government organisation (Amarta, Wasiat), University of Hasanudin, etc. They have been involved in projects such as the Sustainable Cocoa Production Program (SCPP).

3 2 1 1. Interview with Head of Forestry and Plantation Agency and staffs (March 10 and 13, 2015)

2. Progress Report of SCPP Program in West Sulawesi. SwissContact website: http://www.swisscontact.org/en/projects-and-countries/projects-by-core-areas/projects/p/Project/show/nachhaltige-kakao-produktion.html

3. Interview with cocoa farmers group in village Lombang, Malunda sub-district (March 10, 2015) and in village Ulidang, Tammerodo Sendana sub-district (March 11, 2015)

SwissContact worked with local farmers in Majene to develop sustainable farming/agroforestry practices through the Sustainable Cocoa Production Program(SCPP), the cooperation program between Swiss State Secretariat for Economic Affairs (SECO), The Sustainable Trade Initiative (IDH), Dutch Embassy for Indonesia(EKN), The Ministry of Domestic Affairs, SwissContact, and cocoa companies (ADM Cocoa, Barry Callebaut, Cargill, Ecom, Mars, Nestle). The SCPP program started on 1 January 2012 and will end on 31 December 2015. The above programs are in-line with the focus of GPP in Majene District (Sustainable Cocoa Partnership) and provide some degree of capacity building for local cocoa farmers.


4-4

No. Factors



2.4 Low level government offices (sub district and villages)

There are eight sub-districts consisting of 62 villages and 20 Kelurahans. Many villages have conducted their own development planning forum (Musrenbangdes) which is a necessary step in administering the Village budget (APBDes). Results from Musrenbangdes are discussed at sub-district level at Sub-district development planning forum (Musrenbangcam). All sub-districts have completed the Musrenbangdes by February 2015.

3 2 1 1. Majene District in Figures 2014 2. Interview with heads of Forestry and Plantation,

Agriculture, and Social-Manpower-Transmigration agencies (10-11 March 2015)

3. Interview with division head of BPDPMPKB (11 March 2015)

All sub districts in Majene have experience in receiving programs from NGO and government agencies. Some villages or kelurahan receive training for cocoa farmers. However, most of the villages in Majene (especially in remote areas) have not received any assistance.

2.5 Other donor funded/NGO on low-emission development (Sustainable NRM)

There is no record of donor funded/NGO on low-emission development, especially on renewable energy sources. Renewable energy sources (micro-hydro and solar panels) are supported by the ministry of cooperative to encourage the formation of community organization to manage these renewable energy sources. Other low-emission development that has been implemented and funded by donor/NGO was SCPP as described in point 2.3.





From interviews with various district government agencies, it can be concluded that NGOs and/or donors have not been actively involved in low-emission development, especially on renewable energy sources. However, they have involved in SCPP as described in point 2.3 above.

2.6 Public participation Public participation in Majene District is seen in development planning processes in the villages (Musrenbangdes) and in the sub-district (Musrenbangcam). There is a good representation of members of the communities in this process, including woman representative. Majene District issued PERDA No. 1/2008 regarding Consultation of Village Development Plan; Bupati Regulation No. 2/2014 regarding Technical Guidelines of Implementation for Development Working Plan Consultation of District Government.

3 2 1 1. Interview with Head of Regional Planning and

Development/ BAPPEDA (10 and 13 March 2015)

2. Interview with Head of District’s Legal division (11 March, 2015)

3. Interview with division head of BPDPMPKB (11 March 2015)

There is high participation from community on development program, initiated by the district government. The level of participation seems to correlate with the amount of effort by the sub-district head (Camat) in reaching out to communities. Most of the sub-districts have conducted successful Musrenbangcam.


4-5

No. Factors



3. Participatory Land-Use Planning 3.1 Analysis on the

existing condition related to 4 Tasks in Participatory Mapping and Planning (PMaP) and specific recommendation (if any)

Task #1 Participatory Village Boundary Setting and Natural and Social Resource Mapping (VBS-RM). Head of Sub-Department of Village Government explained that participatory boundary villages in all sub-district Majene has been completed, except 2 villages in sub-district Sendana and Tubo Sendana. Geospatial map of village and kelurahan boundaries is available. Task #2 Acquisition of geo-spatial data and preparation of GIS databases of land use/land cover is available and managed by BAPPEDA. This GIS databases related with Regional Spatial Plan (RTRW). Task#3 Compilation and geo-referencing of existing and pending licenses and permits for land and natural resource use managed by BAPPEDA. Task #4 Enhancing district spatial plans through capacity building in spatial planning, enforcement and management of land use information in spatially-enabled databases is adequate in Majene District. BAPPEDA staffs have adequate capacity for developing the spatial plan. There are district regulation (PERDA) related with villages boundary, namely: 1) PERDA No. 15/2008 regarding

Establisment of Sub-District and Kelurahan in Majene District.

2) PERDA No.1/2010 regarding Guideline of Establishment, Elimination, and Fusion of Villages (Desa) in Majene District Region.

3) PERDA No.1/2010 regarding Guideline of Establishment, Elimination, and Fusion of Villages (Kelurahan) in Majene District Region.

3 2 1 1. District Spatial Plan and its GIS databases. 2. Interview with Head of Regional Planning and

Development/ BAPPEDA and staffs (10 and 13 March 2015)

3. Interview with Sub-Department Head of Village Government (11 March, 2015)


5. Interview with Secretary of Mining and Energy Agency, and Head of Geological division (12 March, 2015).

Rapid DRA in Majene District shows that Task #1 to Task #4 have been implemented. However Interviews indicate that participatory boundary in two villages have not been finished yet as there are still boundary conflict between these both villages. Furthermore the spatial data/GIS of those villages boundary are available. Recommendations may include advising district government to finish the participatory village boundary in two remaining villages, including the mapping of natural and social mapping. All other PLUP tasks have been completed in Majene District. Considering this condition, the PLUP Package#1(Participatory mapping) will be relevant for Majene District to complement existing PLUP components.


4-6

No. Factors



4. Regulatory Analysis 4.1 Regulatory

framework enabling GP Project Investment

In principle, regulations concerning the management of timber estate and logging follow the central government regulations (regulations of the ministry of environment and forestry). The district government regulation (PERDA) related with natural resources are available, namely: 1. PERDA No. 2/2002 regarding Licensing of

Forestry Utilization (Perizinan Usaha Kehutanan)

2. PERDA No. 3/2002 regarding Retribution of Non Wood Forest Product Collecting Permit.

3. PERDA No. 9/2013 regarding Guideline of Issuing Mining Permit for Non Metal Mineral and Stone.


Development/ BAPPEDA (10 and 13 March 2015).





6. PERDA and Bupati Decree related documents. 7. Law No. 23/2014 on regional government.

A permitting process for natural resources management is established following Law No. 23/2014 on local government. Majene already has one-stop licensing services under Integrated Licensing Service Office. However principle license is still under district’s secretariat and district’s government division authority. The technical agencies (e.g., forestry, plantation, and mining) only have the authority to give recommendation letters. Furthermore, coordination across district agencies and the one-roof licensing service needs to be strengthened.

4.2 Safeguards on human health, livelihood and environment

There is only 1 public hospitals in Majene district. There are also 11 community’s health centers (Puskesmas), and 34 puskesmas pembantu (pustu). The number of people employed in the medical sector in 2013 was 546 people, including 32 doctors. Majene District also has a government water company (PDAM) that in 2013 supplies clean water to 5,286 customer with volume of 967,469 m3.

3 2 1 1. Middle Term Development Plan 2012 – 2106 Majene District.

2. Majene in Figures 2014. 3. PERDA and draft PERDA related documents. 4. Interview with Head of District’s Legal division

(11 March, 2015)

Relevant PERDA for safeguards on livelihood are related with NRM licensing describerd in point 2.2 and 4.1. There are 2 draft PERDAs foe saveguards on health and environment, namely: draft PERDA for Non Smoking Area, and draft PERDA for Retribution of Environment Management and Monitoring.


4-7

No. Factors



4.3 PES (payment for environmental services)

Based on interviews with heads of district agencies, including the head of the Environment Agency, there are no initiatives for PES in Majene district, as well as the local regulation (PERDA and PERBUP) related. Majene district has potential develop PES, as Majene region lies in the upstream portion of the Mandar River that flows through the adjacent Majene District that serve as the main producer of rice. Those upstream area cover sub-districts: Malunda, Ulumanda, Tubo, and Tamerrodo. PES can be developed by implementing the sustainable natural resource development and management in those upstream area. There are 7 micro-hydro and 1 hidroelektric power plant facilities in 3 sub-districts. However, these renewal energy facilities have not been clearly linked with PES.


Development/ BAPPEDA (10 and 13 March 2015).





There are no PES programs planned or implemented.

4.4 Local government incentives for green investment

There are no specific incentives provided by the district government for any green investment or lower-emission development for Majene District.

3 2 1 1. Interview with: Head of Regional Planning and

Development/ BAPPEDA (10 and 13 March 2015); Head Section of Licensing; Integrated Licensing Services Office (12 March, 2015); Head of Forestry and Plantation Agency (March 10, 2015); Head of Agriculture Agency (March 10, 2015); and with Head of Mining and Energy Agency, and Head of Geological division (12 March, 2015).

2. PERDA no 12/2012 regarding Regional Spatial Plan Majene District.

The incentive for green investment or development is regulated by the Ministry of Trade and Industry. There is no indication that the province or district uses this incentive to attract more companies to apply green technology or to increase investment in developing green technologies in the district. PERDA No. 12/2012 on Regional Spatial Plan Majene District states in pasal 46 “the provision to give incentive if the spatial use is in accordance with spatial plan, and to give disincentive if the spatial use is not suitable with spatial plan”. However, this provision has not been implemented yet.


4-8

No. Factors



4.5 Local government and community contributions to environment

Based on the Mid-term Development Plan of Majene District (RPJMD 2012-2016, local government and community programs exist to contribute to the environment, including: improving community participation in garbage management, as well as tree planting in riparian of river, dam, and other water resources, developed infiltration wells (sumur resapan) in some points Majene city. Development of Community Forest Plantation (HTR) in Community Forestry (HKM) in sub-district Sendana, and development of Private Forest (Hutan Rakyat).


2. Interview with Head of Environmental Monitoring and Controll Division (11 March, 2015)

3. Interview with Head of Forestry and Plantation Agency and staffs (March 13, 2015)

4. Mid-term Development Plan (RPJMD) Majene District 2015.

The RPJMD 2012 to 2016 Majene District indicates some planned contributions of local government and community to environmental issues.

5. Social and Gender 5.1 Status of gender

mainstreaming in the district

Majene District follows the Presidential Decree No. 9/2000 and the Decree of Ministry of Home Affairs No. 15/2008 regarding regional gender mainstreaming. Majene District does not have a District decree (PERDA) on gender mainstreaming, but there is a Bupati decree No. 881/HK/KEP-BUP/II/2014 regarding Establishment of Management Board of Integrated Services Centre for Women and Children Empowerment of 2014 to 2016. In addition to the above regulations, the district has implemented programs Gender Equality Strategic Planning, Strengthen the Gender Mainstreaming Institution, Increase life quality and protection of women.

3 2 1 1. Interview with Head of Women Empowerment Departmen, BPDPMPKB (11 March 2015)

2. Interview with Head of Social, Manpower and Transmigration Agency (11 March 2015)

Gender-oriented programs have been implemented in Majene District under the Village Government, Community and Women Empowerment and Family Planning Office (BPDPMPKB). However, these programs are still aimed towards the welfare issues, rather than towards equal opportunities. The commitment is shown in the issuance of local regulations (Bupati’s Decree on gender mainstreaming institution) The district has limited gender mainstreaming baseline data in 2014.


4-9

No. Factors



5.2 Vulnerable community groups

The most vulnerable groups in Majene District are people who live in poverty (24,300people or ~15,26% of the total population in 2013). From interview with Head of Social, Manpower and Transmigration Agency, Community Empowerment and Villages Government (BPMPD) and other government officer from several agencies, there were some programs implemented to assist these vulnerable, namely: 1) To speed up poverty alleviation programs, 2) To provide medicine for poor family, 3) To provide business skill training for poor family, 4) To Provide training skill for people with social and welfare issues (PMKS). Based on interview with head of agencies, there are no vulnerable groups of indigenous people in Majene District.

3 2 1 1. Interview with Head of Women Empowerment

Departmen; and Head of Village Government Department, BPDPMPKB (11 March 2015)

2. Interview with Head of Social, Manpower and Transmigration Agency (11 March 2015)

3. Mid-term Development Plan (RPJMD) Majene District 2012 to 2016.

Existence of vulnerable group (poor people) in Majene District is a challenge to be targeted for reduction or alleviation. Government commitment for alleviating this vulnerable groups is shown by the implementation of several programs to address the issues The decrease in vulnerable group (using percentage of poor people in Majene as indicator) from 18.42% in 2010 to 15.26% in 2013 indicates impacts in the implementation of poverty alleviation programs. This will be consistent with the mandate of the GPP.

5.3 Customary laws and its effect in district development

Majene District does not have a specific regulation (PERDA) on customary law. However, there is recognition of customary Mandar ethnics in district levels.

3 2 1 1. Interview with Head of Women Empowerment Department; Head of Village Government Department, BPDPMPKB; and with Head of Social, Manpower and Transmigration Agency (11 March 2015)

2. Mid-term Development Plan (RPJMD) Majene District 2012 to 2016.

There is no information on regulation related with customary and culture. However, the objectives of the district spatial plan outlines the government’s commitment to preserve cultural values and cultural heritage.

6. Status of Requirements for Compact Conditions 6.1 Approved

RTRW/Spatial Plan Majene District has an approved Spatial Plan (PERDA No. 12/2012), and also the Strategic Environmental Assessment of RTRW and RTRW GIS data.

3 2 1 1. Perda No. 12/2012 concerning District Spatial Plan / Rencana Tata ruang Wilayah Kabupaten Majene 2012-2032

2. Strategic Environmental Assessment of RTRW 3. Geospatial data (GIS) of RTRW

The District Spatial Plan of Majene has been approved by PERDA No. 12/2012.


4-10

No. Factors



6.2 Openness of information related to: data and information to support GP Financing Compact

Majene District provides open access to data and information to support local economic development. Its stated in RPJMD that the district government will support the good governance, including openness of information. The e-Government Management Information System on the district website provides access to information. The district agencies are also open to data sharing.

3 2 1 1. Interview with head and staff of BAPPEDA, and other district agencies (9 to 13 March 2015) The district agencies have indicated their

commitment for open access to information to support GP Financing Compact. However there is no the e-Government Management Information System on the district website to provides access to information.

6.3 Demonstration of potential value added to district ability to support further intervention from the GP

Part of the area in Majene District is forest and some of those forest areas are designated as Protected Forests and Limited Production Forest. The district is located in the upstream watershed area that is important for agriculture in other districts (rice paddies). The Majene district is known as a major producer of cocoa in West Sulawesi and this has attracted international support from NGO and the private sectors. Cocoa plantations in Majene District have received training and support by central and provincial governments; non governmental organisation and private sectors (SwissContact and Adm Cocoa, etc). This has provided local constituents in the district with experience in sustainable forestry and plantation practices. In addition to cocoa plantation, the district also offers potentials for forestry, renewable energy and PES.

3 2 1 1. Interview with head and staff of BAPPEDA, head and staff of forestry and plantation agency, Cocoa farmer group, head and staff of mining and energy agency, head and staff other district agencies and offices (9 to 13 March 2015)

2. Majene District in Figures 2014, BPS.

Ongoing and promising area for future integration with GP intervention: The District government has identified potential

development of renewable energy through micro-hydropower and solar panels in several sub-Districts, and also the potential to develop hidro-electric power plant (PLTA) in the Malunda sub-district.

PES potentials (related to watershed management) offer compatibility with GP implementations.

Potential to increase production and quality of cocoa plantations and promote collaborations under sustainable cocoa partnerships.

Potential implementation of nature ecotourism.

Summary 1. POLITICAL ANALYSIS 7 2. INSTITUTIONAL ANALYSIS 14 3. PARTICIPATORY LAND USE PLANNING 3 4. REGULATORY ANALYSIS 9 5. SOCIAL AND GENDER 8 6. STATUS OF REQUIREMENT FOR COMPACT CONDITIONS 8 TOTAL 49

Section 5 Conclusions

5-1

Section 5 Conclusions

Based on the prescribed Rapid DRA criteria described in Section 4, Majene District scored 49 out of

the possible 63 points. This is a moderate score and indicates the district has commitments in place

to take advantage of, and benefit from GPP investment. The aspects that received low scores were

regulatory aspects: a lack of a PES program and the lack of local government incentives for green

development. A district regulation (PERDA no 12/2012) on District Spatial Plan has a relevant

provision regarding provision of incentives and disinsentives related with spatial use that in

accordance or not with the spatial plan, respectively. However no Bupati Decree (PERBUP) and/or

formal reference to green development is in the PERDA. This is a potential area of intervention for

MCA-Indonesia in Majene. Majene District received high scores in Participatory Land Use Planning

(PLUP) (3 of possible 3 points) and in the social and gender issues (8 out of possible 9 points).

Majene District has conducted participatory village boundary mapping (partial implementation of

Task#1); acquisition of geospatial data (Task #2); application of geospatial data for licensing

processes (Task #3) and capacity building for improving spatial planning and analysis (Task #4).

Considering this condition, the PLUP Package#1(Participatory mapping) will be relevant for Majene

District to strengthen existing participatory mapping component and to complement other existing

PLUP components.

The district government has expressed great interest in the GPP and anticipates the next step of the

program, which is the sustainable cocoa partnership. In preparation, Majene District has proposed to

strengthen local cocoa farmers groups in all of sub-districts to optimize cocoa production and to

increase benefits for the farmers.

The development plan of Majene District includes optimizing forestry, plantation, agro-industry, and

agriculture with respect to the available local resources. A total of 48% of the district area is already

designated as protected forest, 7% for limited production forest, and 15% for cocoa plantations.

Furthermore, the district lies in the upstream portion of Mandar River that flows through the

adjacent Polewali Mandar district that serve as the main producer of rice. Sustainable management

of this catchment area is crucial to supporting agriculture practices in Majene district.

The greatest potential to improve socio-economic conditions in Majene District would result from

creating sustainable partnerships in the agriculture sector (cocoa, coconut, candlenut, coffee and

other plantation commodities), and developing or improving low-emission energy sources (micro-

hydropower, solar panel, and hidroelectric power generation/PLTA).

A-1

Appendix A

Maps of Majene District

B-1

Appendix B

Photographs of Majene District Resources

Beach area in Majene District

Panorama of Majene District from uphill area

B-2

Cocoa fruits from side grafting technic in Majene District (MalundaSub-District)

Healthy and big cocoa in Majene District (Malunda Sub-District)

C-1

Appendix C

Summary of Field Observation Activities

No. Activities Notes

1. March 9, 2015, Arrive in Majene

and had meeting with SEKDA Pak

Syamsiar Muchtar Mahmud, Head

of BAPPEDA Pak Burhanuddin,

and all Head of district’s agencies

and offices invited.

Pak SEKDA instructed all Head of agencies and offices to support DRA by

giving all data and information requested.

2. March 10, 2015. Meetings with

Head of BAPPEDA and Staffs in

Majene.

Coordination and schedule plan visiting to others district agencies and

assigned escort from BAPPEDA staff to assist MCAI team.

Obtaining data from BAPPEDA: District Spatial Plan and related documents

(SEA/KLHS report, PERDA of District Spatial Plan), RPJP, RPJM, RKPD,

Majene in Figures), and discussion with Head of BAPPEDA and staffs. The

discussion covered the following:

The role of BAPPEDA and relation with others district agencies.

Overview of Cocoa plantation, challenges and distribution;

The PERDA and the PERBUP related with natural, social an cultural

resources;

Challenges in conveying ideas to supervising officials;

Community organization to support cocoa production and other

commodities, as well as to support the environment issues;

The status of mining industry;

Renewable energy activities (micro-hydro and solar panel) and other

potential renewable energy;

Significance of Majene in watershed;

Conflict among communities on a plantation land and other potential

land use conflicts); and

Involvement of people in Musrenbang.

3. March 10, 2015. Meetings was

conducted with:

1) Head of Forestry and

Plantation (Pak Abdul Salam),

Plantation Department Head

(Pak Burhan), and Forestry

Department Head (Pak Syafri

Syam).

2) Head of Agriculture and

Husbandry Agency (Pak

Iskandar Muri)

3) Department Head of

implementation and

Counselling Infrastructure,

Food Security and Counselling

Implementer for Agriculture,

Fishery, and Forestry

Office/BKPPPPPK (Pak Muh.

Syafei).

4) Cocoa farmer group Bukit

Harapan, Lombang village,

Malunda Sub-District (Pak

Jumaali)

Obtaining Strategic Plan (Renstra), Annual Work Plan (Renja), and

Performance Report (Lakip) of Forestry and Plantation Agency, to

obtain more information on Forestry and Plantation main issues,

including cocoa plantation and other plantation commodities,

community plantation forest and community forestry program, and

potential land use conflict in Majene District.


Performance Report (Lakip) of Agriculture and Husbandry Agency, to

obtain more information on Agriculture and Husbandry main issues,

including rice field (sawah and ladang), other crops, and horticulture

commodities, and potential land use conflict for agriculture in Majene

District.


Performance Report (Lakip) of Agriculture and Husbandry Agency, to

obtain more information on counseling program for agriculture, fishery

and forestry in Majene District.

Filling in questionnaires and obtained additional information regarding

concerns and needs of cocoa farmers. Most farmers feel the need to

increase productivity with optimal maintenance, have a closer link with

the market and establish long-term cooperation.

C-2

No. Activities Notes

4 March 11, 2015. Meeting with:

1) Secretary of Social, Manpower

and Transmigration Agency

(Pak CG Noor), Department

Head of Manpower Training

(Bu Hamsinah);

2) Village Government,

Community and Women

Empowerment and Family

Planning Office/BPDPMPKB,

Women Empowerment

Department Head (Ibu); and

3) Head of Environment and Park

Office (Pak Eddy Kardoyo)

4) Cocoa farmer group Bukit

Appulaya, Ulidang village,

Tammerodo Sub-District (Pak

Herman and his wife)


Performance Report (Lakip) of Social, Manpower and Transmigration

Agency, to obtain more information on Social and Manpower main

issues, including social welfare, social program for vulnerable groups,

customary right and cultural, and potential conflict social in Majene

District.


Performance Report (Lakip) of BPDPMPKB, to obtain more information

on Gender Mainstreaming issues, including women empowering

program implemented, goal and out put have been resulted and

program for the next year, to obtain more information on community

empowerment and village government main issues, including

participatory villages boundary setting and participatory natural and

cultural resources mapping in Majene District.


Performance Report (Lakip) of Environment Office/BLH, to obtain more

information on Environmental main issues, including incentive and

disincentive for green investment development, and implementation of

PES Majene District.

Filling in questionnaires and obtained additional information regarding

concerns and needs of cocoa farmers. Most farmers feel the need to

increase productivity with optimal maintenance, have a closer link with

the market and establish long-term cooperation.

5 March 12, 2015. Meeting with:

1) Integrated Licensing Services

Office (Bu Fitriani and Pak

Moh. Afif)

2) Head of Regional Income

Agency (Pak Inindria)

3) District Legal Bureau,

Regulation and Legal

document section (Pak Bustan

Abduh)

4) Head of Mining and Energy

Agency (Pak Ashar Malik)


Performance Report (Lakip) of Regional Income Agency, to obtain more

information on incpme and tax in Majene District.


Performance Report (Lakip) of Income and Licensing Agency, to obtain

more information on income and licensing main issues, including the

regulation (PERDA and PERBUB) related with licensing, information

regarding procedures and implementation of licensing, the openness

information and investment related with natural resources

development in Majene District.


Performance Report (Lakip) of Mining and Energy Agency, to obtain

more information on Mining and Energy main issues, including potential

mining and renewable energy resources, and potential land use conflict

of mining Majene District.

5 March 13, 2015. Meeting with

Head of BAPPEDA and staff.

Left for Makassar

Obtaining information and documents submitted from other agencies to

BAPPEDA, including spatial data/GIS of district spatial plan and village

(kelurahan) boundary of all sub-district.

6 March 14, 2015. Left for Jakarta

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