miguel f erreira department of computer science miguel c asquilho cpq centre for chemical processes...
TRANSCRIPT
Miguel FMiguel FERREIRAERREIRADepartment of Computer Science
Miguel CMiguel CASQUILHOASQUILHOCPQ “Centre for Chemical Processes”Department of Chemical Engineering
IST Instituto Superior TécnicoUTL Technical University of Lisbon
http://web.ist.utl.pt/mcasquilho/
A web application for distributed computingA web application for distributed computing
Lisboa (Portugal), 19–22 June 2013
19-Jun-2013 A web appl. for distributed computing 1 / 15
19-Jun-2013 A web appl. for distributed computing
ABSTRACT A web application of scientific computing is presented, using MPI parallel programming, for a typical problem in packaging. As no analytical solution seems viable, a Monte Carlo approach was used. The following points are addressed, starting with the original (serial) solution:
1.Packaging problem and local serial computing2.Remote parallel computing3.Conclusions
From the authors’ experience, the web environment is clearly recommended for scientific computing*, for academic and industrial purposes.
* Scientific computing on the Internet: in a site, the user inserts his data, executes a program, and receives his results (no installations).
2 / 15
A web application for distributed computingA web application for distributed computing
19-Jun-2013 A web appl. for distributed computing
1. Packaging problem and local serial computing
2. Remote parallel computing
3. Conclusions
Alfredo Keil(1850–1907)
“Caminho da floresta”3 / 15
A web application for distributed computingA web application for distributed computing
19-Jun-2013 A web appl. for distributed computing
A pack of biscuits
Schematically
4 / 15
1. 2. 3. Packaging problem and local serial computing
Packaging problem• A container to be filled with objects of
random size (weight, thickness, etc.)• Content: constrained by lower, L, and
upper, U, specification limits• How to get 2 kg of oranges ?• Minimize the fractions out of spec (below
L and above U) Random behaviour considered:
• Truncated Gaussian• Truncation from calibration (fruits),
moulding (biscuits)
19-Jun-2013 A web appl. for distributed computing 5 / 15
1. 2. 3. Packaging problem and local serial computing
Local solution using serial computing• Web interface to receive user input• Local call of the computing application• Native Fortran program that runs the Monte Carlo
simulation• Treatment of output and graphic• Formatting and presentation of results on the Web
Original Fortran 90 program was previously developed for stand-alone local use.
The new, parallel MPI version of the program was ported to C.
The packaging problem was studied with• (a) Simple, sequential filling (usual)• (b)Tube-like (FIFO) filling
Strategy “(b)”, as expected, revealed better results
19-Jun-2013 A web appl. for distributed computing 6 / 15
1. 2. 3. Packaging problem and local serial computing
19-Jun-2013 A web appl. for distributed computing
1. Packaging problem and local serial computing
2. Remote parallel computing
3. Conclusions
A web application for distributed computing
Carlos Botelho (1899-1982)
“Lisboa”, tapeçaria de Portalegre
7 / 15
19-Jun-2013 A web appl. for distributed computing
1. 2. 3. Remote parallel computing
(As imagens são hyperlinks)
8 / 15
Remote solution using parallel computing• The original Fortran program was ported to C, and
extended with MPI• The number of Monte Carlo trials (e.g., 109) was evenly
distributed by the available nodes
Web interface unchanged from the serial version A new communication layer developed between the web
interface and the MPI program:• Remote call of the computing application• Transfer of input and output end-to-end• The remote side to call the MPI programa locally
19-Jun-2013 A web appl. for distributed computing
System topology
9 / 15
1. 2. 3. Remote parallel computing
19-Jun-2013 A web appl. for distributed computing
Results of an MPI run, 109 trials, finer (better) than serial 106
10 / 15
1. 2. 3. Remote parallel computing
1. Packaging problem and local serial computing
2. Remote parallel computing
3. Conclusions
19-Jun-2013 A web appl. for distributed computing
A web application for distributed computing
Henrique Medina(1901–1988)
“Tomando chá”
11 / 15
19-Jun-2013 A web appl. for distributed computing
A packaging problem frequently found in Industry was addressed.
The problem was previously solved with a Fortran serial application, executable on the Web.
The original problem was ported to C and then parallelized with MPI, also accessible through the Web.
Making applications accessible over the Internet avoids platform incompatibilities (Windows, Mac, Linux, etc.), and surpasses the limitations of the user’s computer.
The use of the Internet for scientific computing dispenses with any required software installation.
It is, thus, recommended for academic or industrial purposes.
1. 2. 3. Conclusions
12 / 15
19-Jun-2013 A web appl. for distributed computing
DEI: Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico (IST), Technical University of Lisbon (UTL)
CPQ: “Centro de Processos Químicos” (Centre for Chemical Processes), IST, UTL
DEQ: Department of Chemical Engineering, IST, UTL CIIST: “Centro de Informática do IST” (Centre for Informatics),
IST, UTL, Dr. Jorge Amador Milipeia, Lab. de Computação Avançada (Lab. of Advanced
Computing), University of Coimbra Prof.ª Fátima C. Rosa (DEQ, IST, UTL)
Keywords• Scientific computing, Internet, parallel computing, MPI
Acknowledgements
13 / 15
19-Jun-2013 A web appl. for distributed computing
• Casquilho, M. [2012] “Scientific computing on the Internet, a little-trodden field”, Universidade Aberta, Porto Salvo.
• Casquilho, M. [2013] “Computação científica, Internet, Indústria” (Scientific computing, Internet, Industry), 1.st Portuguese Meeting on Mathematics for Industry, FCUP, Universidade do Porto, Porto, 06–08 June.
• Ferreira, M., M. Casquilho [2013] “Scientific computing over the Internet: an example in Geometry”, WorldCIST'13, World Conference on Information Systems and Technologies, Olhão (Portugal)
• Franco, B., M. Casquilho [2011] “A Web application for scientific computing: combining several tools and languages to solve a statistical problem”, CISTI'2011, 6.ª Conferência Ibérica de Sistemas e Tecnologias de Informação, Chaves (Portugal)
• Hughes, Alan [2006] “University-industry linkages and UK science and innovation policy”, Working Paper No. 326, Centre for Business Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge (UK)
Bibliography
14 / 15
Miguel FMiguel FERREIRAERREIRADepartment of Computer Science
Miguel CMiguel CASQUILHOASQUILHOCPQ “Centre for Chemical Processes”Department of Chemical Engineering
IST Instituto Superior TécnicoUTL Technical University of Lisbon
http://web.ist.utl.pt/mcasquilho/
A web application for distributed computingA web application for distributed computing
Lisboa (Portugal), 19–22 June 2013
19-Jun-2013 A web appl. for distributed computing 15 / 15