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Individual and Group Processes

Foundation For Liberal And Management Education Page 1

INTRODUCTION

This is one small step for a man, but giant leap for mankind

- Neil ArmstrongFoundation for Liberal And Management Education (FLAME), a small step taken on 16 th

September 2007 towards liberal education, will soon become a giant leap for the Indian

Education System.

Foundation of this institute stands on the pillars of: AHIMSA, GURU-SHISHYA ETHOS,

HUMAN DIGNITY, ECOLOGICAL BALANCE and HUMILITY and it provides

education on the principle of "Learning is the beginning of a journey with no end."

The idea behind FLAME is to provide students with Liberal Education. Liberal Education has

surpassed all thoughts beyond convention in the field of education in various parts of the world,

which in now being gifted by Mr. Parag Shah and Prof. Indira J. Parikh to our education

system, so that we can use our potential at the best and be above the rest. It is the need of the

hour as higher education in India has turned very rigid, which is a hindrance for the overall

growth of a student as well as the society at large.

It is said that The most difficult step in our life or in the life of an organization is the first

step. A start up institution with just two years of journey since its inception has various issues

to be addressed and to be analysed in terms of organisational behaviour to reach its destination of

becoming one of the greatest educational institutions in the world.


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FLAME: A START UP INSTITUTION

It must be considered that there is nothing more difficult to

carry out, more doubtful of success nor more dangerous to

handle than to initiate a new order of things. - Machiavelli

In the early phase of building an organization, it is significant to think up of the start-up team. It

is critical that entrepreneurs sell their vision and get people who are committed to his vision so

that they are all on the same route to deliver on that vision in the future.

Those little ideas...

That tickled and nagged

And refused to go away...

Should never be ignored...

For in them lie

The seeds of destiny.

- Babe: the movieFive years ago, Mr. Parag Shah, a man with a dream of world class education, quoted Nurture

Your Dreams. Today the dream is turning into a reality with more than a 1000 individuals

believing in his dreams and becoming a part of the journey.

As an organization FLAME can be defined as a cluster of likeminded people working together

for achieving some common explicit purpose or goal through division of labor andfunctions through hierarchy of authority and relationship.

FLAME as an organization has a definite organizational behavior i.e. the science of

understanding, managing and predicting human behavior. It also investigates the impact that

individuals, groups and structure have on behavior, within organizations for the purpose of

applying such knowledge towards improving organizations effectiveness.


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FACTORS AFFECTING ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR

Organizational behavior is affected by various factors as depicted in the diagram such as itsstructure, people, environment (Internal and External) and technology.

The people associated with the organization decide the level of success of the organization. The

passion, enthusiasm, vision, knowledge, motivation which the people of the organization share

affects the overall development and growth of the organization.

The structure if well defined with matrix form has a lot of clarity in what an individual is

expected to do and what is his authority and to whom should he report to. So it encourages any

individual to work towards his definite objective and give his efforts to the optimum and have

job satisfaction.

The technology affects the smooth functioning of any organization today. The easy acceptance

of new technology is an issue faced by most organizations.

The environment works like an invisible boundary which regulates the activities of the

organization.

Organizational

Behavior at

FLAME

People:

Chairman, President, Dea

ns, Faculty, Staff and

Students

Structure:

Matrix structure,

Hierarchy is well

defined

Environment:

External- UGC, AICTE, other

MBA instituitions, recruitors

. Internal- management

practices, culture, structure

Technology:

Eco-friendly, advanced

and user

friendly, infrastructure


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ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE AT FLAME

In order to attain its defined objectives, FLAME has a well-defined structure and hierarchywhere the efforts of people working at different levels are coordinated in an effective way.

In the above diagram, we see the hierarchy which is followed at FLAME. This hierarchy shows

the interrelations of positions and departments. We observed that at FLAME we follow the

MATRIX organization structure which creates dual lines of authority and combines functional

and academic program (FSB, FSC, FSLE) departmentalization.

Though the structure at FLAME has a well defined hierarchy, but enough autonomy and

authority is given at each and every level. Decisions can be taken by any member, reacting to

the circumstances and making it function effectively. Here are a few examples:

1. If there is any emergency in library regarding books, the librarians can at their owndiscretion order for relevant books just by consulting the concerned Dean.


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2. If the wardens want to allow any student to stay in the library for some project work afterthe curfew timings, then the student only has to get a written note from the concerned

Dean and show it to the warden.3. The faculty is given the freedom to design his/her own course outline, decide the teaching

and evaluation methods.

4. The students can organize their own educational trips with consent of their Deans as wellas the support from the management.

STRUCTURE OF LIBERAL EDUCATION:

Diagram: Structure of Liberal Education

Source: Mr. Parag Shah

The above structure depicts Liberal Education

to the fullest, where individuals from any

school can take the subject of his/her interest

of any area. E.g. FLAME SCHOOL OF

COMMUNICATION student can choosesubjects from FLAME SCHOOL OF

BUSINESS and vice versa. Here areas include

various subjects such as economics, mathematics, commerce, science etc. Schools comprise of

FLAME School of Business, FLAME School of Communication and FLAME School of Liberal

Education. Activities include developmental activities, sports, Discover India Project, Elite

Leadership Program, humanities etc

If there are n numbers of individuals in an organization, theyinteract in n+1 different ways. Probability theorem

To depict this we have shown the organizational behavior at FLAME in an Organizational

Behavior Model


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In

Foundation For Liberal

Mr Parag Shah

Extraverted Thinking wi

Introverted Intuition

Dr. Indira J Parikh

Introverted Intuition wi

Extraverted Thinking

Dr. P.M.Shingi

Introverted intuitive Thin

Perceiving

Mr. Achyut Vaze

Extraverted Intuition wi

Introverted Thinking

Mr. Y S P Thorat

Extraverted Sensing with Intr

Thinking

2. PersonalityPersonality means tot

Personality embrace

thinking, perceiving, s

3. AttitudeAttitude is evaluative stat

Types of attitudes:

Job Satisfaction: It itoward his or her job.

among employees as

challenging for everyo

Job Involvement: Itconsidering performa

are high, as they are s

ividual and Group Processes

nd Management Education

Visionary with excellent ability to uorganizational problems and creat

Excellent leader not because of th

because of his charismatic persona

th

Independent, innovative, systemat

Exceptional ability to turn theories

Strong headed and will put in all h

vision

th

Logical, unique and innovative thin

Exceptionally capable in driving th

understandings

Students highly value his knowled

king

Creative, resourceful, and intellect

New projects, ideas and challenge

Resourcefulness helps him lead his

way.th

Friendly, flexible and action-orient

Focused on immediate results.overted

ality of an individuals behavioral and em

a persons moods, attitudes, opinions,

eaking and acting.

ments or judgments concerning objects, peo

a set of positive and/or negative feelings t

Here at FLAME, we observed that the Job S

the institution is still in its initial stages

ne.

means identifying with the job, actively

ce important to self-worth. Job involveme

ort of man power and the work is demandin

Page 7

nderstand complicatedconcrete solutions.

power of his position but

lity

ic, and determined

into solid plans of action

r energies to achieve her

ker

ories into clear

e, aptitude and logic

ally quick

excite him

department in an effective

d

tional characteristics.

motivations, style of

le, or events.

at an individual holds

atisfaction is very high

and the work is very

articipating in it, and

t is most departments

.


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At FLAME, we saw the following attitude:

Humanity towards animals like the dogs and ducks on campus. Informal relations post academic hours can be seen in dining hall where teachers and students eat

together.

4. MotivationMotivation is the result of processes, internal or external to the individual, which arouses

enthusiasm and persistence to pursue a certain course of action. It means the

encouragement an individual has in working towards his goal or objective.

Here at FLAME we observe that motivation is imparted not just from the Faculty but also

from the students.

The special mentor-mentee sessions help in motivating the students by acting asstudent mirror.

The Sodexho employees are motivated when the students give them a positivefeedback about the food which they cook.

We got a unanimous feedback from most employees that they are highlymotivated to work at FLAME as their job profile suits what they want to do.

Some employees feel de-motivated as they have to travel long distances to cometo FLAME campus every day.

5. Group DynamicsThe best result from an organization comes when individual working

for it works what is best for them as well as for the organization.

- Nash Equilibrium

For instance-

Every Friday, every team gives their best efforts and play like a team to winmatches.

The FLAME Student Council- in spite of all the academic work load this councilcome together as a group for the betterment of not only the students but also

FLAME.

Group assignments given to students, inter house competitions etc. also nurturegroup dynamics.

The different departments working together efficiently also portray goodexamples group dynamics.


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6. LeadershipIn FLAME each and every individual is a leader as well as follower. They influence thebehavior and actions of others and move a group of people towards the achievement of

its goals.

Foundation of Leadership:

Integrity: Honesty and truthfulness. Competence: An individuals technical, Interpersonal

knowledge and skills.

Consistency: An individuals reliability, predictability and goodjudgment in handling situations.

Loyalty: Willingness to protect and save face for anotherperson.

Openness: Reliance on the person to give you the full truthEvery type of leader of FLAME has the basic leadership foundation qualities. They are honesty

and truthfulness, loyalty towards the foundation.

In a situation, at the start of the institution, parents started complaining about the lack ofbasic facilities and Mr. Parag Shah then judged the situation and handled it efficiently.

There are situations when the visiting faculty becomes upset with the services ofFLAME, in such cases, the respected Deans show their competence and their experience

and control the situation efficiently and effectively.

The various types of leaders that are found at FLAME are:

Mr. Parag Shah (Chairman): Charismatic Leader

Prof. Indira J Parikh (President): Democratic Leader

Prof. P M Shingi (Dean, FSB): Task Oriented Leader

Prof. Achyut Vaze (Dean, FSC): People Oriented Leader

Prof. Y S P Thorat (Dean, FSLE): Transformation Leader

7. Power and PoliticsPower means the capacity that one person has to influence the behavior of another so that

the other person acts in accordance with his wishes.


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In


position in the formal hierarc

Expert power is based on o

by the Expert Faculty that tea

Referent power is based on

traits. At FLAME the council

the students to the authority a

Politics means activities thatbut that influence, or attempt

the organization.

At FLAME we see Politics as

During council electivote for some specific

8. CommunicationNewstrom and Davis

person to another per

thoughts, feelings and

There are some barri

(perception- there are

places and backgroun

and when they comm

POW

Legitim

Referent

Coercive



At FLAME, we

organizational hpower.

Coercive power

FLAME; we s

exercised by

committee.

Reward power i

to distribute so

power is exercise

Legitimate pow

y. At FLAME, the Deans of various depart

es expertise, special skill, or knowledge. T

hes at FLAME.

identifying with a person who has desirable

members have referent powers as they can

ove them.

are not required as part of ones formal roto influence, the distribution of advantages o

follows:

ns, some politics was going around; some

senior.

define communication as the transfer of

son. It is a way of reaching to others by tr

values.

rs to effective communication (at FLAME

students and faculty members coming here

ds), physical barriers (distance-between so

nicate with someone outside and sometimes

ER

te

Expert

Reward

Page 10

ee each person in the

erarchy has specific

is based on fear, at

e this power being

the Disciplinary

s based on the ability

ething to others; this

by the faculty.

r is based on ones

ents enjoy this power.

his power is exercised

resources or personal

explain the feelings of

le in the organization,r disadvantages within

juniors were asked to

information from one

nsmitting ideas, facts,

) like personal barriers

from various different

e people at FLAME

sounds of construction


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or loud music) and semantic barriers (understanding- the way different people understand

a thing differs from person to person).

Unique communication channels seen at FLAME:

Any student can directly e-mail the Dean for any sort of help. Any query regarding housing facilities can be submitted online to the helpdesk. Projects can be submitted online to the faculty. Intranet facilities can be used to communicate to any person on the campus. Electronic medium is the most effective way of communicating in FLAME,

which is used by everyone.

9. ConflictsA conflict is a situation where in two different individuals, groups or organizations find

themselves in opposition to each other. A process that begins when one individual or a

group perceives that the other person or group has negatively affected, or is about to

negatively affects something that the first individual or group cares about.

At FLAME conflicts arise when there are differences of ideas, actions, understandings

etc. When people come together from different backgrounds, there are higher chances of

these differences being raised.

For example:

The work staff at FLAME faces many cultural differences and sometimes thereare conflicts between them. The students are not able to communicate to them due

to language barriers and therefore there are conflicts between the work staff and

the students.

Personal conflicts also arise when different teams play against each other onFriday Sports Challenge.

There were some misunderstandings seen between the library and the ITdepartment which lead to delay of work.

10.Organizational CultureCulture is the shared meaning within an organization that determines how people behave

and act. Culture results from the interaction of the people who founded the organization--

their biases and assumptions--and what the first employees learned from their

experiences.


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FLAME, as an organization, is an educational institution. Here people work together

rather than in isolation, therefore it is a social system. FLAME culture is based on its 5

values Ahimsa, Guru-Shishya Ethos, Human Dignity, Ecological Balance andHumility.

Here students, faculty members and the staff follow the above 5 values. They inherit it,

although they may have come from various different backgrounds and beliefs.

For example

Some of the students are non-vegetarians, but on campus they respect the cultureand eat vegetarian food. (Even though it is difficult for them).

11.Work StressStress can be defined as a state of psychological and/or physiology imbalance resultingfrom the disparity between situational demand and the individuals demand and the

individuals ability and/or motivation to meet those demands. (Source: Psychology At

Work, Vinay Prabhu, Chp.10.)

Sometimes in an isolated place like FLAME people tend to get stressed, also thework pressure adds to this. In retaliation there are various stress busters available.

Some of them are the excellent and plenty of sports facilities, courses like

singing, dancing, playing guitar, theatre, etc. There are also counselors available

at all times, which are ready to help students to reduce their stress levels.

12.Organization change and developmentOrganizational change means that over a period of time there is a difference in either the

form or the quality or the state. For any organization to survive in the long term

development or growth is required.

At FLAME, even if we compare it in two years we can see differences, there is a sign of

growth and development.

The number of subjects offered in the second year to the students has increasedthen those in the first year.

There is a constant up gradation of facilities in order to provide students and staffa better study and work environment. We can also see the infrastructural

development, around 170 CCTVs, new student quarters, Visual art gallery, etc,

This year the housekeeping contract has also been changed and so has theadditional cafeteria.

The management has introduced a new Volvo bus for transportation of staff andstudents with convenience.


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In


COMPARATIVE STUD

In order to judge any start upcomparison can be done on t

have selected a start up instit

Shillong) which on several as

PARTICULARS F

Logo

President

Establishment on:

No. Of Students

Permanent

Faculty

Student's Profile

Student :TeacherReservation

Entrance Test

Humanities/Sports

Fees Structure

Scholarship

Infrastructure

Affiliation Appl

38



:

institution we need to compare it to anothere basis of quantitative as well as qualitative

tion: Rajiv Gandhi Indian Institute of Mana

ects stands up to the scale of FLAME.

NAME OF INSTITUTE

AME SCHOOL OF

BUSINESS, PUNE

INDIA

MANAGE

Dr. Indira Parikh Prof.

September 2007

69

25

2.7:1O RESERVATION AS

FEAT

COMPULSORY N

,30,000 PER YEAR 1,90,0

100% FEE WAIVER N

NDER EXECUTION UND

ied for deemed university

3%

97%53%%

%

Commerce

Science

Arts

Page 13

tart up institution. Theaspects. We therefore

ement, Shillong (IIM-

INSITUTE OF

ENT,SHILLONG

shok K. Dutta

uly 2008

64

13

4.9:1ER NORMS

CAT

FACILITY

00 PER YEAR

FACILITY

R PLANNING

IIM

Commerce

Science

Arts


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IIM Shillong was inaugurated with a vision of expansion and mobilisation of facilities for

offering good quality management education and research. It offers a comprehensive two years

Post-Graduate Diploma in Management Programme (PGDM). The institute aims to develop

unbeatable leaders for an economically and ecologically sustainable society, with the help of a

unique curriculum that comprises a mix of compulsory and elective courses, supplemented by

specialised courses on industry sectors.

After doing a comparative study of both these start up institutions, we derived certain similarities

and dissimilarities. We have observed that both these institutes have the following similarities:

Vision of holistic development Proximity with nature Dont wish to compete with the existing IIMs but want to be a step ahead in the kind of

education they provide.

Have major plans of infrastructure development on their campusesWe notice that as a start up institution, FLAME is better off in terms of progress in its

infrastructure, number of students and faculty, despite its relatively higher fee structure and

a different concept. The only disadvantage which FLAME has with respect to IIM-Shillong is

that it does not have the brand image which IIM-Shillong has.

On the flip side of the coin we see that FLAME enjoys the association of people from the

industry and experienced faculty and Ex-Dean of IIM-A. Furthermore it has a more basic

advantage in terms of placement because IIM-Shillong is situated in the remote part of the

country absence of industrialization whereas FLAME is in the heart of industrial hub of the

country. So recruiters might find it more convenient to recruit from a nearby competent

institute rather than to travel to remote part of the country where they cannot move out after 5:00

pm and under developed transportation facility. The structure of FLAME is designed in a better

way that delay in decision making process is minimum which is not the case with IIM-Shillong

whose management is controlled by bureaucrats.

So we see that the prospect of FLAME shaping up as a relatively better institution is far more

likely as the situation a very favorable to its progress.

Counseling Available Unavailable

Health Facilities Yes No

Brand recognition Yet to build IIM BrandProximity to city 30 minutes 1 hour

Transportation Volvo buses on weekends No facility


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SWOTANALYSIS:

CONCLUSION:

FLAME shall not be an island anymore- Prof. Indira J. Parikh

On the basis of the SWOT analysis and comparison between start-up institutions we analyzed

that FLAME has overcome the initial challenges and has progressed for beyond expectation. It

has gone ahead of all contemporary start-up institution, and is on a verge of creating its own

bench mark for the others. Its pedagogy, infrastructure, student oriented approach has

already started creating ripples in the educational environment. The initial advantage of

having strong industry association,IIM-A faculty and infrastructure provides opportunity to

go far ahead and become countrys one of the few educational institution which provides quality

research facility and doctorate degree.

As a start up institution, FLAME is on the correct path of providing the right balance between

building the required infrastructure, building the student and faculty resources and managing the

college like a professional business. Looking at FLAMEs current journey, all we can say about

FLAME and its future is:

...And Miles to go before I sleep

And miles to go before I sleep. Robert Frost

STRENGHTSStrong Industry association

Faculty

Passion for excellence by the management

Excellent studying environment

Proximity with nature

Liberal education

Approachable environment

Student oriented approach

WEAKNESSStart up institution

No placements as yet

Not fully developed

Lack of media coverage

Yet to have a brand value

High fee structure

Under construction infrastructure

OPPURTUNITIES

Different from the other institutes

Pioneer to Liberal Education

Brand name of associates for better faculty

Huge potential for initiating more courses

Infrastructure to start up doctorate and research

programs.

THREATS

Competition

Fall in economic growth

Restriction by IIM A for sending the faculty

Being regarded as rich peoples institute

S.W.O.T.


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BIBLIOGRAPHY

Books:

1. Organizational Behavior : K. Aswathappa2. Organizational Behavior : Stephan Robbins3. Organizations - Structure, processes and outcomes : Richard H. Hall4. Psychology at work : Vinay V. Prabhu5. Textbook and .ppts : Indira J. Parikh

Websites:

1. www.personalitytypes.com2. www.wikipedia.org3. www.flame.edu.in4. www.iimshillong.in5. www.brainyquotes.com

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