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DUE WEDNESDAY 12/16Semester 1 Final Exam Study Guide

- The final exam will be all multiple-choice. Come prepared with a pencil.- Do not bring electronic devices to the exam. This includes cell phones. If I see them I

will take them.- There will be no rest room passes until you are done with the test.- I will provide a formula sheet (identical to one attached to this study guide) and a

laminated periodic table.- BRING A PENCIL!!! Don't come to my final without this.

"Success is a state of mind. If you want success, start thinking of yourself as a success."- Keys to success:

o Complete this study guide.o Don't wait until the Wednesday before finals to get help.o Start studying early. Remember, you have all winter break to relax.o Be prepared.o Use your notes, homework and old test and quizzes to help.

Final exam topics:1. Scientific Method and Measurement2. Properties of Matter3. The Atom and Periodic Table4. Electromagnetic Spectrum

Final Exam ScheduleFind your class period and time. DO NOT be late. You will not be compensated for time if you are late. There is NO excuse to miss the final exam.

Thursday, Dec. 17 Friday, Dec. 18

8:20-9:209:30-10:3010:40-11:40

A BlockB BlockC Block

8:20-9:209:30-10:3010:40-11:40

D BlockE Block F Block

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Classify the following as either a hypothesis or observation.1) A blue flame will heat water faster than an orange flame because it has a higher temperature.2) The skittle is red.3) Adding fertilizer to water will help the tree grow better than just using water alone because fertilizer

has phosphorous needed by plants.4) The reaction gave off gas.5) The color of the liquid is bright blue.

6) What are the steps of the scientific method? Put them in correct order and explain each step.

7) What three words are needed to for a hypothesis? Write one using the correct words.

Convert the following values to the given unit.6) 76.3 kg = g7) 579 L = mL8) 1289.6 km = m9) 43 m = mm10) 38.4321 HL= L

Write the following values into scientific notation.11) 854,89712) 960,000,00013) 21314) .00000004115) .0963

Take the following values out of scientific notation and into scientific notation.16) 56.98 x 10 ^ 517) .0089 x 10 ^ 318) 32 x 10 ^ -419) 982 x 10 ^ -520) 365 x 10 ^2

Next multiply your answers from 16 and 17. What is your answer?

Next divide your answers from 19 and 20. What is your answer?

21) How do you determine the density of an object from a volume and mass?

22) How do you determine the volume of an object from a density and mass?

23) How do you determine the mass of an object from a volume and density?\

24) How do you find the density of an irregular shaped object?

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25) Define compound.

26) Define element

27) Define heterogeneous mixture

28) Define homogeneous mixture.

29) Describe the difference between a solid, liquid and a gas at the molecular level.

Classify the following as one of the above choices from 24-27.

30) Potassium sulfide, K2S31) Fruit salad32) Gasoline33) Oxygen34) Sand mixed with iron filings

35) For each of the following scientists, explain the information they discovered, and why they are important to the atomic theory.

Scientist Information they discovered Why are they important?John Dalton

JJ Thomson

Ernst Rutherford

Neils Bohr

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4

Erwin Schroedinger

34)Proton Neutron Electron

Location

Charge

Mass

36) Define an isotope.

37) What would happen if the number of protons were to change in an atom?

38) Another way to write isotopes is to write the name of the element then add the mass number after a dash, for example, 14 C is carbon-14. Why isn’t the atomic number needed for this notation?

39) Here are three isotopes of an element: 612C 6

13C 614C

a. The element is: b. The number 6 refers to the c. The numbers 12, 13, and 14 refer to the d. How many protons and neutrons are in the first isotope? e. How many protons and neutrons are in the second isotope? f. How many protons and neutrons are in the third isotope?

Complete the following chart:

Isotope name atomic # mass # # of protons # of neutrons # of electrons

92 uranium-235

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92 uranium-238

5 boron-10

5 boron-11

Part II: Ions

Determine the charges on the following using the diagram above as a guide:

40) An atom having lost two electrons 41) An atom having lost six electrons 42) An atom having gained one electron 43) An atom having gained three electrons 44) An atom having lost five electrons 45) An atom having gained two electrons 46) An atom having lost one electron 47) An atom having gained four electrons

Ions Continued

Complete the following:g. For each of the positive ions listed in column 1, use the periodic table to find in column 2 the

total number of electrons that ion contains. The same answer may be used more than once. 1. Al+3 A. 2

2. Fe+3 B. 10

3. Mg+2 C. 21

4. Sn+2 D. 23

5. Co+2 E. 24

6. Co+3 F. 25

7. Li+1 G. 36

8. Cr+3 H. 48

9. Rb+1 I. 76

10. Pt+2 J. 81

48) Define an ion.

49) a. How can you tell if an atom has a negative charge? What type of Ion is this?

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b. How can you tell if an atom has a positive charge? What type of ion is this?

50) What is the average atomic mass of silicon given the following abundance information on the isotopes of silicon? (Show Work)

Mass number AbundanceSi-28 92.21 %Si-29 4.70 %Si-30 3.09 %

51)Explain why atoms have different isotopes. In other words, how is it thathelium can exist in three different forms?

Draw Lewis dot structures and Bohr diagrams for the following elements.

52) Boron53) Carbon54) Neon55) Sodium56) Nitrogen

57) Be able describe the electromagnetic spectrum (EMS). What does it represent? What happens the frequency of the waves as you go across it? What happens to the wave length?

58) Where is the visible light spectrum on the EMS?

59) How does an element emit a color? Why is the EMS important when trying to ID an element?

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Note: The following will be given to you on the final exam, but on a separate sheet.

Conversion Factors

1 in = 2.540 cm1 m =1.0936 yd5280 ft = 1 mi1 mi = 1.6093 km3 ft = 1 yd12 in = 1 ft

1.0567 qt = 1 L1 fluid oz = 30 ml2 cups = 1 pint2 pint = 1 qt4 qt = 1 gal1 gal = 3.7854 L

m = meter mi = mile ft = feetin = inch yd = yard lb = pound

1 lb = 454 g 1 gal = 3785 cm3 oz = ounce16 oz = 1 lb 1 tsp = 5 ml L = liter1 kg = 2.205 lb 3 tsp = 1 Tbs qt = quart1 calorie = 4.184 Joule tsp = teaspoon

gal = gallonTbs = tablespoon

kilo – hecto – deka – BASE – deci – centi - milli

D= M/V