microsoft power point - 0910 s1 cc2413 l7 motivation emotion standard studentv

8/14/2019 Microsoft Power Point - 0910 S1 CC2413 L7 Motivation Emotion Standard StudentV

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2009/10/6 CC2413_0910_L7_Motivation &Emotion

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CC2413FundamentalPsychology forHealth Studies

Lecture 7

Motivation (

/

)

& Emotion

Lecturer:


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DefinitionsMotivation

the processwhich starts, directs, and continued

behavior ( )

so that our physical or psychological needs and

wants are met

it makes our behavior more vigorousand energetic(

)

it changes ones preferences/choices( )

Emotion

feelings that generally have both physiological and

cognitive elements and that influence _____________

(

)


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Lesson Plan

(A) Motivational Concepts &Theories

(B) Motivation behind Hunger &Eating

(C) Emotional Experiences

(D) Emotional Theories(E) Conclusion


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1) Key concepts

Motives(

)

i.e., needs, wants, desires leading togoal-directed behavior

Biological vs. Social motives

________motivation (

) vs.Extrinsic motivation (

)

engage in the behavior as an endor as a mean (tool) to an end ?

(A) Motivational Concepts & Theories


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(A) The diversity of human motives

Source: p. 384, Weiten, W. (2004).

What are the differencesbetween these two types of

motives?


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2) Approaches to understanding motivation

a) Biological

Drive-Reduction theory ( )

b) Psychosocial

Incentive theories ( )

McClellands 3 Types of Needs

c) Humanistic

Maslows Hierarchy of needs ( )


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Need a requirement of some material that isessential for survival of the organism

Drive (

)i.e., an internal state of _________ or arousal

that energizes behavior in order to fulfill someneedsWhen people lack some basic biological

requirements such as water, a drive to obtainthat requirement (e.g., the thirst drive) isproduced.

Seeking homeostasis (

)The maintenance of an optimum level of

biological conditions within an organism

a state of equilibrium (

)

2a) Biological: Drive-Reduction Theory

(

)


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2b) Psychosocial: Incentive Theories (

) Incentives things that attractpeople into action

External stimuli directing and energizing behavior

e.g., food, money, approval from friends

Expectancy-value theories 2 factors

probability of success

incentive value

Comparison of Drivevs. Incentive Theories

Push vs._______ Biological (internal) vs._______________

(external)


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2b) Psychosocial: McClellands 3Types of NeedsNeed for achievement (_________):

Striving for Success (

/

)a need that involves a strong desire to

succeedin attaining goals

Need for affiliation(nAff): Striving forFriendship (

)the need for friendly social interactions

and relationshipswith others.

Need for power(_________): Strivingfor Impact on Others (

)the need to have controlor influence

over others.


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(A) Motivational Theories 2c) Humanistic: Maslows Hierarchy ofNeeds (

)

All people born with 5 innate needs

Low needs (levels 1,2,3, deficiency D -needs) must be met reasonably well beforemoving toward higher (levels 4,5 being B -needs )

Only________need will

dominate at a time


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2d) Humanistic: Maslows Hierarchy ofNeeds (

) individuals

progressupwardin thehierarchy whenlower needsare satisfiedreasonably well

higher levelsin the pyramid

representprogressivelyless basicneeds


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(B) Motivation Behind Hunger and Eating:Why do/dont we eat?

1) Biological factors

Insulin (

) & glucagons (

)

regulate blood sugar (glucose) levels

feeling of

hunger

the hypothalamus (

) ---> monitoring food

intake and maintaining the_____________________.

basal metabolic rate (BMR)


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(B) Motivation Behind Hunger and Eating:

Why do/dont we eat?

2) Social factors

individual habits

cultural influences

What are the problems of too

motivated or too unmotivated to Eat?

Obesity (

), Eating disorders (

)


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(B) Why do/dont we eat?

X

( )2008 12 10

1.

2.

3.

4.

2007 5

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1) Elements of Emotional Experience

___________(

) component

Subjective conscious experience

Subjective feelings or appraisals ( )

_______________(

) component

Autonomic nervous system (ANS)

Hormonal responses

____________(

) component

Body language or nonverbal behavior

Facial expressions

Display rules determining when, where, how to express


Physiological


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(C) Emotional Experiences2) Emotional Experience vs. Emotional

Expression

Universal (innate ) VS. Culture-specific

(learned

)?

Can you identify emotions based on peoples facial

expressions?


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Can you distinguish the 7 Emotions basedon the following peoples facial expressions?

Answers from left:

Source: Metro Daily Oct 29, 2004 p.24


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3) Universal Emotions


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(D) Emotional Theories1) Common Sense Theory

Emotional sequence

stimulus conscious feeling autonomic (ANS)

arousal

e.g. snarling dog ( ) I feel afraid pulse raises


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(D) Emotional Theories2) James-Lange Theory (

-

)

Emotion results from perception of _________________

i.e., a reaction to bodily events occurring as a result of an

external situation

Emotional Sequence

stimulus autonomic (ANS) arousal conscious feeling

e.g., snarling dog pulse raises I feel afraid

autonomic arousal


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3) Cannon-Bard Theory (

-

)

Different emotions have identical patterns of

autonomic arousal

Thalamus sends signals simultaneously to the cortex

(creating __________ experience) & the autonomic

nervous system (creating ______________ response)

Emotional Sequence

stimulus

subcortical brain activity

conscious feeling

+ ANS arousal

e.g., snarling dog

thalamus send signals

I feel afraid

+ pulse raises

(D) Emotional Theories

physiological


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4) Schachters Two-Factor Theory

Look at ______________ cues to decide

what to feel

i.e., emotions are determined jointly by a

nonspecific kind of physiological arousal and its

interpretation based on environment cues

stimulus ANS arousal + cognitive appraisal

conscious feeling

e.g., snarling dog pulse raises + dangerous

situation

I feel afraid



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5) Facial-feedback hypothesis

The notion that facial expressions are

involved in ____________ the experience

of emotions and in labeling them

Emotional Sequence

stimulus subcortical centers automatically

evoke facial expression facial muscles send

signal to the cortex conscious feeling

e.g. FeiFei smiles I feel happy



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Can you identify which theory of emotion this Yoga stressreduction technique reflects?


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(E) Conclusion

1) The interplay between emotion andmotivation?If you are intrinsicallymotivated to learn, would you

feel more positiveright now? or

If you are feeling during the classes, will you bemore motivatedto learn this subject?

2) Applications to Health and Wellness?

3) Focus of the Next TopicMemory(

)


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(E) Conclusion

4) References

***Ciccarelli, S. K., & White, J. N. (2009).Psychology(International edition, 2nd ed).Upper Saddle River, N.J. :Pearson/Prentice Hall.

Weiten, W. (2008). Motivation and emotion. In

Psychology: Themes and variations(Briefer version,

7th ed., pp. 272 279, 286 295, 302 -303). Belmont,CA: Wadsworth/ Thomson Learning.

*** Assigned Readings: Ch 9 Motivation: pp.356 378, Emotion: 378 393)


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(E) Conclusion

5) Web Resources1) Overview of Motivation Theories

http://chiron.valdosta.edu/whuitt/col/motivation/m

otivate.html

2) The Motivation Tool Chest

http://www.motivation-tools.com/

3) Mental Health Net - Eating Disorders

http://www.mentalhelp.net/poc/center_index.php?i

d=46

4) Emotional Intelligence Network

http://www.6seconds.org/

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