Microbiology (non majors)Lab Practical I Key Terms

1a

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1b

AEROBIC

2a

requires oxygen (oppositeof anaerobic)

2b

AGAR

3a

powder added to media forsolidification

3b

AIR-DRY

4a

drying of slide suspensionin air before heat fixing and

staining

4b

AGGLUTINATION

5a

the reaction betweenantigen and specific

antibody

5b

ALIQUOT

6a

dispense an amount ofliquid using a pipette

6b

ANALOG

7a

similar structure, but notidentical

7b

ANTIBODY

8a

specific, protective proteinproduced by the immunesystem in response to an

antigen8b

ANTIGEN

9a

foreign, non-selfimmunogenic material thatelicits an immune response

9b

ASEPTIC TECHNIQUE

10a

procedure to guaranteesterility and to reduce

contamination

10b

ATRICHOUS

11a

without flagella, nonmotile

11b

AUTOCLAVE

12a

moist heat method ofsterilization using pressure

12b

AXIAL FILAMENT

13a

a structure for motilityused by the Spirochaete

bacteria

13b

BIBULOUS PAPER

14a

absorbant paper used toblot dry slides after

staining

14b

BHI

15a

brain heart infusion, areally good enrichment

medium

15b

BRIGHTFIELDMICROSCOPY

16a

full light directed towardsthe specimen, used for

stained and live specimens

16b

BROTH

17a

medium without agar

17b

BROWNIAN MOVEMENT

18a

vibrations of an object seenin a microscope, not true

motility

18b

CANDLE JAR

19a

candle burns in a closedcontainer producing a carbondioxide incubator, containing

2-10% O 2 and around 10% CO 2

19b

CFU

20a

colony-forming units, i.e.colonies

20b

CHEMICALLY-DEFINEDMEDIUM

21a

a synthetic medium,comprised of known

ingredients and knownamounts

21b

CHITIN

22a

a complex polysaccharidemolecule found in walls offungi and exoskeletons of

shrimps and crabs22b

CNA

23a

Columbia naladixic acidmedium, selective (for

Gram +) and differentialmedium

23b

COAGULATION

24a

clotting of blood, plasma

24b

COLIFORMS

25a

gram - rods which fermentlactose, nonsporeforming

25b

COLONY

26a

a visible mass of bacteriagrowing on solidifed

medium, a clone

26b

COMPLEX MEDIUM

27a

medium with someunknown ingredients oramounts, i.e. blood agar

27b

CONDENSER

28a

collects all available lightrays for direction up to the

stage opening

28b

COUNTERSTAIN

29a

the 2nd dye added to asmear, taken in after thewall is decolorized, e.g.

safrinin,methylene blue

29b

DARKFIELDMICROSCOPY

30a

special condenser blocks mostlight rays, only reflected lightbounces off specimeninto lens producing a black fieldof vision; used for wet mounts

30b

DECOLORIZER

31a

the reagent used to removethe primary dye from the cellwall in a differential stain,e.g. acid alcohol, acetone-alcohol

31b

DIFFERENTIAL STAIN

32a

uses 2 or more dyes whichallow differentiation

between different bacterialgroups orstructures

32b

DIAPHRAGM

33a

acts as an iris within thecondenser which opens and

closes for sensitive lightcontrol

33b

DISACCHARIDE

34a

2 sugar molecule, e.g.lactose or sucrose

34b

EMB

35a

Eosin methylene bluemedium, selective (for

Gram -) and differentialmedium

35b

EXOENZYM E

36a

enzyme excreted away fromthe cell

36b

FACULTATIVEANAEROBE

37a

uses oxygen when presentbut can either ferment or

anaerobically respirewithout it

37b

FASTIDIOUS

38a

hard-to-grow bacteria,requiring grow factors or

particular nutrients

38b

FECAL COLIFORMS

39a

gram - rods which fermentlactose, nonsporeforming,

GI flora in animals, in feces

39b

FLAGELLA

40a

a structure for motility

40b

FLAGELLATION

41a

differential category offlagella placement around

the cell

41b

GENUS

42a

category of organisms withlike features and closely

related, divided into species

42b

HALOPHILIC

43a

salt-tolerant or salt-loving(salt-requiring)

43b

HEAT-FIX

44a

use of the flame to 1)coagulate proteins of the

suspension, causingadherence to

slide, and 2) kill the microbes44b

HELMINTH

45a

parasitic worm

45b

HYPHA

46a

A fungal filament (plural,hyphae)

46b

IMMUNOASSAY

47a

test which identifies antibodyin patient based on use of aknown antigen, or identifiesthe antigen based on the useof a known antibody

47b

IMVIC

48a

acronym = indole, methylred, Voges-Proskauer,

citrate

48b

INOCULUM

49a

a small sample of themicroorganism

49b

MIC

50a

minimal inhibitoryconcentration of antibioticthat inhibits a bacterium

50b

MICROAEROPHILIC

51a

likes a reduced oxygenconcentration

51b

MONOSACCHARIDE

52a

simple sugar, e.g. glucose

52b

MYCELIUM

53a

A visible mass of hyphalfilaments

53b

NA/NB

54a

nutrient agar or nutrientbroth

54b

NONIONIC

55a

no electrical charge

55b

OBLIGATE AEROBE

56a

requires oxygen to grow

56b

OBLIGATE ANAEROBE

57a

does not use oxygen togrow, may even be killed by

it

57b

OIL-IMMERSION LENS

58a

100X objective lens, to beused always with

immersion oil

58b

PARFOCAL

59a

feature of microscopewhich allows rotation oflenses with only minor

focus movement,lenses alignment

59b

PATHOGENIC

60a

disease-causing

60b

PCA

61a

plate count agar medium,general all-purpose

enrichment

61b

PFU

62a

plaque-forming unitsproduced by bacterial

viruses when infecting hostbacterial cells

62b

PHASE-CONTRASTMICROSCOPY

63a

special condenser below stageand in objectives change speedof light rays,enhancing density differencesinside and outside of cells; usedfor wet mounts

63b

PHAGE TYPING

64a

test to identify a bacteriumbased on which known

virus infects it

64b

PHENOTYPE

65a

expression of a gene as atrait

65b

PLAQUE

66a

destruction of the bacteriallawn by a bacteriophage as

the lytic infectionprogresses

66b

PLATE COUNT AGAR

67a

variation of nutrient agar,for optimizing counts of

bacteria in samples

67b

POUR PLATE

68a

procedure where liquifiedagar has been poured into apetri dish after being mixed

withbacteria

68b

PRIMARY DYE

69a

the 1st dye used in adifferential stain, e.g.

malachite green, crystalviolet, carbol

fuschin69b

RESIDENT FLORA

70a

Microbes firmly entrenchedin niches in/on the body

70b

REVOLVING NOSEPIECE

71a

rotating turret attached tothe 3 lenses

71b

RESAZURIN

72a

oxygen indicator inthioglycollate broth, pink

when oxygenated

72b

SEROLOGY

73a

the analysis of substances—antigen or antibody--in

blood serum

73b

SPECIES

74a

a subdivision of a genus,almost identical organisms,

a clone

74b

SPREAD PLATE

75a

procedure where pre-madeagar plates have a sample ofbacterium placed on top ofthe agar and spread via a

glass rod75b

STREAK PLATE

76a

procedure where a bacterialspecimen is placed on a pre-made plate and diluted outusing flame and multiple

sections.76b

SYMBIOTIC/SYMBIOSIS

77a

a relationship between 2 ormore organisms

77b

THERMAL DEATH TIME

78a

minimal amount of time tocompletely sterilize aspecimen at a certain

temperature78b

TRANSIENT FLORA

79a

Microbes easily dislodgedfrom the body, come-and-

go

79b

TSB/TSA

80a

trypticase soy broth ortrypticase soy agar

80b

ZONE OF INHIBITION

81a

area of no bacterial growtharound a chemical on a

disc, indicates sensitivity

81b