MIC 303INDUSTRIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY

INTRODUCTION: INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY & FERMENTATIONMdm Aslizah Mohd Aris

Biotechnology

Use of microorganisms, cells, or cell components to make a product Classical: Fermentation Modern: Recombinant DNA

Definition – Industrial Microbiology

“Application of scientific and engineering principles to produce valuable commercial products or to carry out important chemical transformations or treatment of raw materials by means of microbiological aspects”.

This process is commonly referred to as Fermentation.

RANGES OF FERMENTATION PROCESS

RANGES OF FERMENTATION PROCESS

Fermentation

AerobicAnaerobic

Aerobic fermentationAdequate aerationBioreactors- adequate supply of sterile airIn addition, these fermenters may have a mechanism for stirring and mixing of the medium and cells Antibiotics, enzymes, vitamins.

Anaerobic fermentation

In anaerobic fermentation, a provision for aeration is usually not needed.

Lactic acid, ethanol, wine

Type of Fermentation

Submerged FermentationSurface FermentationSolid State FermentationTrickly FermentationBatch FermentationContinuously Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR)

Type of Fermentation Batch Fermentation : A closed system in which the biomass (x), substrate (s) and product (P) and cell located in a closed vessel and does not leave the vessel until harvest time.1) Submerged Fermentation: A fermentation

process in which the microorganisms is located at the base of substrate. Usually fungal fermentation. (Liquid Fermentation).

2) Surface Fermentation: A fermentation process in which microorganisms / inoculums is located at the substrate surface. (Liquid Fermentation).

Type of Fermentation Solid State Fermentation: A fermentation process in which the substrate is solid. Ex: Tempe and mushroom, seed koji.

Trickly Fermentation : A process whereby the liquid substrate is trickly / drop onto wood chips previously immobilized with the inoculum. First used in traditional acetic acid fermentation.

Type of Fermentation

Continuously Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) : A continuously stirred tank reactor or chemostat. An open fermentation system in which the biomass (x), substrate (s) and product (P) continuously leave the vessel.