mi rna part ii_2013
TRANSCRIPT
Sample & Assay Technologies
Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis :
From Experimental Design through Data Analysis
Jonathan Shaffer, Ph.D.
[email protected] Technologies, R&D Americas
The products described in this webinar are intended for molecular biology applications. These products are not intended for the diagnosis, prevention or treatment of disease.
Sample & Assay Technologies Three part webinar series
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis 2
miRNA and its role in human disease
Webinar 2 : Advanced microRNA expression analysis: From experimental design through data analysis
Speaker: Jonathan Shaffer, Ph.D.
Webinar 3 : Profiling miRNA expression in Cells, FFP E, and serum:On the road to biomarker development
Speaker: Jonathan Shaffer, Ph.D.
Webinar 1 : Meeting the challenges of miRNA research :An introduction to microRNA biogenesis, function, a nd analysis
Speaker: Jonathan Shaffer, Ph.D.
Sample & Assay Technologies Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis 3
Agenda
� Overview� miRNA Background� miRNA expression profiling using a miScript miRNA PCR Array
� How to calculate fold-change using the ∆∆CT method of relative quantification � Setting the Baseline and Threshold� Data analysis example 1: Basic Experiment� Using the free miScript miRNA PCR Array data analysis tools� Data analysis example 2: Serum miRNA Experiment
� Summary of QIAGEN’s miRNA detection portfolio� Current Promotion
Sample & Assay Technologies Canonical pathway of miRNA biogenesis
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis 4
� Transcribed by RNA Polymerase II as a long primary transcript (pri-miRNAs), which may contain more than one miRNA.
� In the nucleus, pri-miRNAs are processed to hairpin-like pre-miRNAs by RNAse III-like enzyme Drosha.
� Pre-miRNAs are then exported to the cytosol by exportin 5.
� In the cytosol RNAse III-like Dicer processes these precursors to mature miRNAs.
� These miRNAs are incorporated in RISC.
� miRNAs with high homology to the target mRNA lead to mRNA cleavage.
� miRNAs with imperfect base pairing to the target mRNA lead to translational repression and/or mRNA degradation.
Sample & Assay Technologies Why quantify miRNAs?
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis 5
� Virtually every publication includes characterization by quantification.
� Changes in miRNA can be correlated with gene expression changes in development, differentiation, signal transduction, infection, aging, and disease.
miRBase EntriesHighWire + PubMed Publications
Sample & Assay Technologies miRNA expression profiling applications
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis 6
� Mechanisms of gene regulation
� Developmental biology
� Novel miRNA discovery
� Studying miRNA–mRNA and miRNA–protein interactions
� Integrative analyses of miRNAs in the context of gene regulatory networks
� Biomarkers
� Tissue-based miRNA biomarkers
� Tissues of unknown origin
� Circulating biomarkers
� Forensics
From Pritchard, C.C., et al, Nature Rev. Genet 2012, 13, 358-369
Sample & Assay Technologies miRNA quantification approaches
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis 7
� Northern blotting
� Deep sequencing
� Microarrays
� Real-time PCR based approaches
Sample & Assay Technologies miRNA quantification by real-time PCR
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis 8
� Real-time PCR quantification of miRNAs
� Has been the gold standard for gene quantification
� Is the method of choice to confirm next-generation sequencing and microarray results
� Simple and easy to carry out
� High sensitivity, specificity
� High throughput compatible, automatable
� Needs very low amounts of template
Sample & Assay Technologies miRNA expression profiling using real-time PCR
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis 9
Key considerations
Scientific question� Well-defined and testable
Experimental sample set� Statistically meaningful number of replicates (biological replicates)
� A minimum of three replicates recommended� Additional replicates may enhance statistical power
� Inclusion of proper controls
Experimental testing platform� Simple, straightforward workflow� High sensitivity and specificity� When profiling expression: a variety of PCR arrays to meet your
experimental needs� Easy and simple data analysis tools� Customizable solutions� Availability of companion research tools
Sample & Assay Technologies miScript PCR System
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis 10
Fully integrated, complete miRNA quantification sys tem
1. miScript II RT Kit� HiFlex Buffer: Unparalleled flexibility for quantification of
miRNA and mRNA from a single cDNA preparation� HiSpec Buffer: Unmatched specificity for mature
miRNA profiling
2. miScript miRNA PCR Arrays� miRNome� Pathway-focused
3. miScript PreAMP Kit� Optional step for small or precious samples� Full miRNome profiling from as little as 1 ng RNA
4. Assays� miScript Primer Assays� miScript Precursor Assays� QuantiTect Primer Assays
5. miScript SYBR Green PCR Kit� QuantiTect SYBR Green PCR Master Mix� Universal Primer
6. miScript miRNA PCR Array data analysis software � Straightforward, free data analysis
Sample & Assay Technologies miScript II RT Kit
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis 11
A complete miRNA quantification solution
miScript II RT Kit
Biogenesis studies?Mature miRNA
quantification and profiling?
HiFlex Buffer HiSpec Buffer
Flexible detection of all RNA molecules
Patent-pending technology for the specific detection of mature miRNAs
Note: Only HiSpec Buffer is recommended for use with miScript miRNA PCR Arrays
Sample & Assay Technologies miScript II RT Kit
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis 12
Reverse transcription using HiSpec Buffer
Sample & Assay Technologies miRNome miScript miRNA PCR Arrays
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis 13
Leading coverage and validated assays
� Human� Mouse� Rat � Dog� Rhesus macaque
� 100% validated assays� Each assay is bench validated� Each array is quality controlled
� Leading miRNome coverage
� Customizable
� miRBase V17 and V18 assays are available!
� Contact us if you are interest in a different species!
miRNome Arrays Benefits of miRNome Arrays
Species Assays(miRBase V16)
Human 1066
Mouse 940
Rat 653
Dog 277
Rhesus macaque 469 (V18)
Sample & Assay Technologies Focused miScript miRNA PCR Arrays
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis 14
Biologically relevant, intelligently designed
Focused Arrays
� miFinder� Cancer PathwayFinder� Brain Cancer � Breast Cancer� Ovarian Cancer� Liver miFinder – New!� Apoptosis� Cell Differentiation & Development� Immunopathology � Inflammatory Response & Autoimmunity� Diabetes � Neurological Development & Disease � T-Cell & B-Cell Activation� Prostate Cancer� Cardiovascular Disease� Serum & Plasma
� 100% validated assays� Each assay is bench validated� Each array is quality controlled
� Biological relevant and up-to-date
� Customizable
� Contact us if you are interest in a different species!
Benefits of Focused Arrays
Sample & Assay Technologies High Content (HC) miScript miRNA PCR Arrays
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis 15
Targeted miRNome profiling
� miFinder 384HC
� Serum & Plasma 384HC
� Cancer PathwayFinder 384HC
� Liver miFinder 384HC – New!
Sample & Assay Technologies Anatomy of a miScript miRNA PCR Array
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis 16
96-well Format: 84 miRNA + 12 controls
Cel-miR-39
miScript PCR Controls for Normalization
miRTC PPCSNORD61; SNORD68; SNORD72 SNORD95; SNORD96A; RNU6-2
RTControl
PCRControl
Spike in Control
84 miRNAs
� Cel-miR-39� Alternative data normalization using exogenously spiked Syn-cel-miR-39 miScript miRNA Mimic
� miScript PCR Controls� Data normalization using the ∆∆CT method of relative quantification
� miRNA reverse-transcription control (miRTC)� Assessment of reverse transcription performance
� Positive PCR control (PPC)� Assessment of PCR performance
Sample & Assay Technologies miScript PCR Controls
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis 17
Stable expression and excellent amplification effic iencies
SNORD61
SNORD68
SNORD72
SNORD95
SNORD96A
RNU6-2
� Highly conserved across multiple species� Human, Mouse, Rat, Dog, Rhesus macaque
� Relatively stable expression in many tissues� Amplification efficiencies of these assays are 100%� Consistent performance in both HiSpec and HiFlex Buffers� Ideal normalizers for ∆∆CT method of relative quantification
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Brain Kidney Liver Lung Skeletal
Muscle
Testis Thymus
Mean C
T
Tissue Expression
Amplification Efficiencies
Primer Hsa Mmu Rno Cfa Mml
SNORD61 103 99 95 99 101
SNORD68 101 100 93 97 99
SNORD72 94 100 93 91 97
SNORD95 102 103 98 100 106
SNORD96A 102 95 95 92 104
RNU6-2 98 98 95 99 103
Sample & Assay Technologies miScript miRNA PCR Arrays
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Formats built to fit your cycler AND your experimen t
96-well 384-well
384-well (4 x 96) Rotor-Disc 100
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis
Sample & Assay Technologies miScript miRNA PCR Arrays
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis 19
Compatible with a wide range of instruments
� 96-Well: 7000, 7300, 7500, 7700, 7900HT, ViiA 7� FAST 96-Well: 7500, 7900HT, Step One Plus, ViiA 7� FAST 384-Well: 7900HT, ViiA 7
� Mastercycler ep realplex 2/2S/4/4S
� Mx3000p, Mx3005p, Mx4000p
� iCycler, MyiQ, MyiQ2, iQ5, CFX96, CFX384� Opticon, Opticon 2, Chromo 4
� LightCycler 480
� TP-800
RotorGene Q
Sample & Assay Technologies
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis 20
QIAGEN PCR Array Service Core
miScript miRNA PCR Arrays
� Total RNA Isolation: miRNeasy Kits
� Reverse Transcription: miScript II RT Kit
� qPCR: miScript miRNA PCR Arrays
� Data analysis included!
Send your samples and receive results!
Sample & Assay Technologies
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis 21
Rapid Workflow = Robust, Reproducible Performance
miScript miRNA PCR Arrays
y = 1.0075x + 0.2891
R2 = 0.989
15
20
25
30
15 20 25 30
Mean CT: Biological Replicate 1
Mean C
T: Biological Replicate 2
1st Time Array User
� Total HeLa S3 (miRNeasy)� Pellet 1: Frozen June 2010� Pellet 2: Frozen April 2011
� HiSpec Buffered cDNA� miScript real-time PCR
� miFinder miScript miRNA PCR Array
� 1 hour� HiSpec Buffer
� 2 minutes
� 2 hours
� 15 minutes
Sample & Assay Technologies
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis 22
Real-time PCR data analysis
(1) Schmittgen TD, Livak KJ.(2008):Analyzing real-time PCR data by the comparative C(T) method. Nat Protoc.;3(6):1101-8
(2) Livak, KJ, and Schmittgen, TD.(2001): Analysis of Relative Gene Expression Data Using Real-Time Quantitative PCR and the 2-∆∆CT Method METHODS 25, 402–408
(3) www.Gene-Quantification.info
CT = 23.8
� Absolute quantification� Absolute input copies, based on a standard curve
� Relative quantification� Comparative CT method: also known as the 2-∆∆CT method� Selection of internal control� Selection of calibrator (e.g. untreated control or normal
sample)� Assumes that the PCR efficiency of the target gene is
similar to the internal control gene (and that the efficiency of the PCR is close to 100%)
� Fold change = 2-∆∆CT
– ∆CT = CTGene - CT
Normalizer
– ∆∆CT = ∆CT (sample 2) – ∆CT (sample 1) where sample 1 is the control sample and sample 2 is the experimental sample
Sample & Assay Technologies
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis 23
Data analysis workflow
Steps 1 & 2:Set Baseline and Threshold to determine C T values
Step 3:Export C T values
Step 4:Analyze data using ∆∆CT method of relative quantification
Sample & Assay Technologies
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis 24
Set Baseline and Threshold to determine C T values
Steps 1 & 2
� Baseline� Definition: Noise level in early cycles where there is no detectable increase in
fluorescence due to PCR products.� How to Set:
– Observe amplification plot using the “Linear View”– Determine the earliest visible amplification– Set the baseline from cycle 2 to 2 cycles before the earliest visible amplification– Note: The number of cycles used to calculate the baseline can be changed and should be
reduced if high template amounts are used
Sample & Assay Technologies
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis 25
Set Baseline and Threshold to determine C T values
Steps 1 & 2
� Threshold� Purpose: Used to determine the CT (threshold cycle) value. The point at which
the amplification curve intersects with the threshold line is called the CT.� How to Set:
– Observe amplification plot using the “Log View”– Place the threshold in the lower half of the log-linear range of the amplification plot, above
the background signal– Note: Never set the threshold in the plateau phase
Sample & Assay Technologies
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis 26
Applied Biosystems ® 7900HT
Setting the Baseline and Threshold
Threshold: 0.2
� Baseline: From cycle 2 (or 3) to 2 cycles before the earliest visible amplification.� Threshold: Place in the lower half of the log-linear range of the amplification plot,
above the background signal.
Baseline: 3 to 15
Sample & Assay Technologies
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis 27
QIAGEN Rotor-Gene ® Q
Setting the Baseline and Threshold
Baseline Threshold: 0.02
Always select “Dynamic Tube”
Potentially select “Slope Correct” and/or “Ignore First”
Sample & Assay Technologies
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis 28
Use the Second Derivative Maximum analysis method
miScript miRNA PCR Arrays on Roche ® LightCycler ® 480
Select Second Derivative Maximumanalysis method
Obtain C T Values
Sample & Assay Technologies
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis 29
Step 3: Export C T values
� One 5 µM FFPE section used per FFPE isolation� Each isolation is from a different section� On average, each isolation provided enough total RNA for:
– Two full human miRNome profiles– Ten pathway-focused PCR arrays
� RT: 125 ng total RNA, HiSpec Buffer� qPCR: Human miFinder miScript miRNA PCR Array (0.5 ng cDNA per well)
4
8
12
16
20
24
28
32
36
40
1 7 13 19 25 31 37 43 49 55 61 67 73
CT Value
FFPE Isolation 1
FFPE Isolation 2
FFPE Isolation 34
8
12
16
20
24
28
32
36
40
1 7 13 19 25 31 37 43 49 55 61 67 73
CT Value
FFPE Isolation 1
FFPE Isolation 2
FFPE Isolation 3
Normal Lung Lung Tumor
Sample & Assay Technologies
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis 30
∆∆CT method of relative quantification
Step 4: Analyze data
Normal (N) Lung Total RNA Lung Tumor (T) total RNA
N cDNA (Iso. 1) N cDNA (Iso. 2) N cDNA (Iso. 3) T cDNA (Iso. 1) T cDNA (Iso. 2) T cDNA (Iso. 3)
Exported C T values Exported C T valuesCalculate ∆CTfor each miRNAon each array
∆CT = CTmiRNA – AVG CT
SN1/2/3/4/5/6 ∆CT = CTmiRNA – AVG CT
SN1/2/3/4/5/6
� Tip for choosing an appropriate snoRNA/snRNA control s for normalization� Make sure that the selected controls are not influenced by the experimental conditions
Sample & Assay Technologies
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis 31
∆∆CT method of relative quantification
Step 4: Analyze data (cont.)
Normal (N) Lung Lung Tumor (T)Calculate ∆CT
for each miRNAon each array
∆CT ∆CT∆CT ∆CT∆CT ∆CT
Calculate ∆∆CT for each miRNA
between groups(T – N)
∆∆CT = Avg. ∆CT (T) – Avg. ∆CT (N)
Calculate fold-change for each miRNA (T vs. N)
2-(∆∆CT)
Calculate Average ∆CT for each miRNAwithin group (N or T)
∆CT + ∆CT + ∆CT
3
∆CT + ∆CT + ∆CT
3
Sample & Assay Technologies
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis 32
-14
-10
-6
-2
2
6
10
14
Log2 Fold-Regulation (Tumor vs. Norm
al)
Fold-Regulation: Tumor vs. Normal
� Significant differences exist between the mature miRNA expression levels of the two tissue types
∆∆CT method of relative quantification
Step 4: Analyze data (cont.)
Sample & Assay Technologies
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis 33
Incorporating the free miScript miRNA PCR Array Data Analysis Software
miScript’s straightforward, data analysis workflow
Steps 1 & 2:Set Baseline and Threshold to determine C T values
Step 3:Export C T values
Step 4:Access the free data analysis tools at
http://pcrdataanalysis.sabiosciences.com/mirna
Step 5 & on:Automatic data using ∆∆CT method of relative quantification
Sample & Assay Technologies
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis 34
Set Baseline and Threshold to determine C T values
Steps 1 & 2
� Baseline� Definition: Noise level in early cycles where there is no detectable increase in
fluorescence due to PCR products.� How to Set:
– Observe amplification plot using the “Linear View”– Determine the earliest visible amplification– Set the baseline from cycle 2 to 2 cycles before the earliest visible amplification– Note: The number of cycles used to calculate the baseline can be changed and should be
reduced if high template amounts are used
� Threshold� Purpose: Used to determine the CT (threshold cycle) value. The point at which
the amplification curve intersects with the threshold line is called the CT.� How to Set:
– Observe amplification plot using the “Log View”– Place the threshold in the lower half of the log-linear range of the amplification plot, above
the background signal– Note: Never set the threshold in the plateau phase
� Important: Ensure that baseline and threshold settings are the same across all PCR runs in the same analysis to allow comparison of results.
Sample & Assay Technologies
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis 35
Export C T values and access free analysis tools
Steps 3 & 4
� Export CT values according to the manual supplied with the real-time PCR instrument
� Access the free miScript miRNA PCR Array Data Analysis Tools� Website: http://sabiosciences.com/mirnaArrayDataAnalysis.php
– Web-based
– Excel-based
Sample & Assay Technologies
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis 36
miScript miRNA PCR Array Data Analysis Tools
Step 5: Automatic data analysis
� Web-based software� No installation needed� Tailored for each array
� Raw CT values to fold-change results� Using ∆∆CT Method
� Multiple Analysis Formats� Scatter Plot� Volcano Plot� Multi-Group Plot� Clustergram
Downloadable Excel analysis templates are also avai lable
Sample & Assay Technologies
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis 37
Step 5A
miScript miRNA PCR Array Data Analysis
Website dedicated for array data analysis� http://pcrdataanalysis.sabiosciences.com/mirna
Upload Readout Tab� This tab includes:
� Uploading instructions� Data normalization instructions� Instructions that walk you through the data analysis
(right side of ‘Upload Readout’ Tab – not shown on this image)
� You can also Take a Test Run or Play Movie Guide for help with using the software
� What should you do at this page?1. Choose array catalog number from ‘Catalog
Number’ dropdown menu2. Upload exported CT values from computer3. Click Upload
1. Choose Catalog Number
2. Upload exported C T values
3. Click Upload
Sample & Assay Technologies
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis 38
Step 5B
miScript miRNA PCR Array Data Analysis
Readout Tab ���� Basic Setup
� This tab includes:� All miRNAs and controls found on
chosen array� Column where Normalization RNA
(control gene) can be selected� All CT data uploaded to software
� What should you do at this page?1. Click boxes next to desired ‘Control
Genes’ (miScript PCR Controls are pre-selected)
2. Designate columns of CT values as Control, Group 1, Group 2, etc.
3. Click ‘Update All Changes’
1. Choose ‘Control Genes’
2. Designate C T values column groups
3. Click Update All Changes
Sample & Assay Technologies
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis 39
Step 5C
miScript miRNA PCR Array Data Analysis
Readout Tab ���� View Housekeeping Genes, Data Overview, & Data QC
� View Housekeeping Genes Tab� Selected ‘Control Genes’ can be
visualized and method of normalization can be chosen
� Data Overview Tab� This tab provides an overview of all
∆∆CT calculations performed by the software
� Data QC Tab� This tab provides an overview of QC
data associated with the miRTC(reverse transcription control) and PPC (positive PCR control)
Readout Tab ���� View Housekeeping Genes
Readout Tab ���� Data QC
Choose ‘Normalized By’
Sample & Assay Technologies
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis 40
Step 5D
miScript miRNA PCR Array Data Analysis
Analysis Result Tab: this tab provides an overview of all ∆∆CT related calculations and provides a guide for you regarding the trust that you should place in your data (see red arrow)
Comments on data quality
Sample & Assay Technologies
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis 41
Step 5E
miScript miRNA PCR Array Data Analysis
Scatter Plot, Volcano Plot, Clustergram, and Multigroup Plot Tabs: When clicked, these tabs provide various statistical outputs that will open as new windows. The scatter plot is included as an example.
Scatter Plot
Sample & Assay Technologies
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis 42
Step 5F
miScript miRNA PCR Array Data Analysis
Export Data Tab: When clicked, results calculated by the miScript miRNA PCR Array Data Analysis software can be exported to Microsoft Excel.
Sample & Assay Technologies
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis 43
Serum Sample analysis using the miScript PCR System
Sample & Assay Technologies
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Workflow: Serum & plasma miRNA expression profiling
1. Collect whole blood and separate serum or plasma
2. Recommended starting amount of serum or plasma: 100–200 µl� Note: If starting with 50 µl (or less) of serum or plasma, incorporate preamplification
3. Isolate RNA: miRNeasy Serum/Plasma Kit + miRNeasy Serum/Plasma Spike-in Control
4. Reverse transcription: Perform miScript II RT reaction (using HiSpec Buffer)� Per intended 384-well plate , reverse transcribe 1.5 µl RNA eluate (1/10th prep)
5. (Optional) Preamplification: If the starting amount of serum or plasma is 50 µl (or less), perform preamplification using the miScript PreAMP PCR Kit
6. Real-time PCR: Profile miRNA expression using chosen miScript miRNA PCR Array� Array recommendations:
– miRNome miScript miRNA PCR Array– Serum & Plasma 384HC miScript miRNA PCR Array– Serum & Plasma miScript miRNA PCR Array
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis
Sample & Assay Technologies
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Biomarker discovery workflow
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis
Concept
Phase I (determined expressed miRNAs):Pooled sample profiling,
Maximal Assays (miRNome or 384HC)
Phase II (determine differentially expressed miRNAs ):Individual profiling of samples (that went into poo ls),
Only Expressed miRNAs (< 384-well plate)
Phase III (statistical power):Individual profiling of all samples in study,
Differentially Expressed miRNAs from Phase II (multi ple samples per 384-well plate)
Sample & Assay Technologies
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis 46
Serum & Plasma Samples
Special data analysis case
Serum or plasma total RNA samples: The snoRNA/snRNA panel of targets does not exhibit robust expression and therefore should not be selected as Normalization Controls.
Control Serum Sample 1 Serum Sample 2 Serum Sample 3
SNORD61 36.3 34.3 35.8
SNORD68 34.6 35.0 35.3
SNORD72 35.0 35.0 35.0
SNORD95 31.1 39.3 33.5
SNORD96A 33.6 34.5 35.4
RNU6-2 37.9 39.1 35.0
Typical CT Values for miScript PCR Controls in Serum Samples
� Step 1: Calibrate samples using cel-miR-39 CT mean� Step 2: Normalize serum or plasma sample data
� Option 1: Normalize CT values to CT mean of all commonly expressed miRNAs� Option 2: Normalize CT values to CT mean of invariant miRNAs
Sample & Assay Technologies Anatomy of a miScript miRNA PCR Array
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis 47
96-well Format: 84 miRNA + 12 controls
Cel-miR-39
miScript PCR Controls for Normalization
miRTC PPCSNORD61; SNORD68; SNORD72 SNORD95; SNORD96A; RNU6-2
RTControl
PCRControl
Spike in Control
84 miRNAs
� Cel-miR-39� Alternative data normalization using exogenously spiked Syn-cel-miR-39 miScript miRNA Mimic
� miScript PCR Controls� Data normalization using the ∆∆CT method of relative quantification
� miRNA reverse-transcription control (miRTC)� Assessment of reverse transcription performance
� Positive PCR control (PPC)� Assessment of PCR performance
Sample & Assay Technologies
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis 48
Calibrate samples using cel-miR-39 C T mean
Serum or plasma sample data normalization
� Uncalibrated
Assay Sample 1 Sample 2
hsa-miR-16 16.0 19.0
hsa-miR-21 20.0 24.0
hsa-miR-192 23.0 26.0
hsa-miR-103 23.0 23.0
hsa-miR-25 22.0 25.0
cel-miR-39 18.0 21.0
� Compared to sample 1, all assays in sample 2 appear to have delayed CT values� Compared to sample 1, cel-miR-39 in sample 2 also has a delayed CT value� Conclusion: calibrate samples (cel-miR-39 CT values indicate a differential recovery)
� Calibrated (Sample 1 C T values +3)
Assay Sample 1 Sample 2
hsa-miR-16 19.0 19.0
hsa-miR-21 23.0 24.0
hsa-miR-192 26.0 26.0
hsa-miR-103 26.0 23.0
hsa-miR-25 25.0 25.0
cel-miR-39 21.0 21.0
Sample & Assay Technologies
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis 49
Option 1: C T values normalized to C T mean of expressed miRNAs
Serum or plasma sample data normalization
-8
-4
0
4
8
12
Fold-Regulation
� Calculate the C T mean for commonly expressed miRNAs� Those miRNAs with C T values < 30 (or 32, or 35) in all assessed samples
Sample & Assay Technologies
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Option 2: C T values normalized to C T mean of invariant miRNAs
Serum or plasma sample data normalization
-8
-4
0
4
8
12
Fold-Regulation
Commonly Expressed miRNAs
hsa-let-7a hsa-miR-92a
hsa-let-7c hsa-miR-93
hsa-miR-21 hsa-miR-103a
hsa-miR-22 hsa-miR-126
hsa-miR-23a hsa-miR-145
hsa-miR-24 hsa-miR-146a
hsa-miR-25 hsa-miR-191
hsa-miR-26a hsa-miR-222
hsa-miR-26b hsa-miR-423-5p
� Calculate the C T mean for invariant miRNAs� Choose at least 4 to 6 miRNAs that exhibit little C T variation
Sample & Assay Technologies
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis 51
Comparison of normalization methods
Serum or plasma sample data normalization
Option 1:Commonly Expressed miRNAs
(miRNome, 384HC)
Option 2:Invariant Panel of miRNAs
(small panel screening)
-8
-4
0
4
8
12
Fold-Regulation
-8
-4
0
4
8
12
Fold-Regulation
� Note 1: In this example, fold-regulation looks highly similar, irrespective of the chosen normalization method. This is correct, as your results should be independent of the chosen normalization method.
� Note 2: For small panel screening, do not use a CT mean of all miRNAs, as this array is biased (miRNA assays included on this array are not random)
Sample & Assay Technologies
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis 52
miRNA expression profiling
Serum or plasma sample data normalization
1.E-05
1.E-04
1.E-03
1.E-02
1.E-01
1.E+00
1.E+01
1.E
-05
1.E
-04
1.E
-03
1.E
-02
1.E
-01
1.E
+0
0
1.E
+0
1
2-∆CT
: Normal Serum2-∆CT: Breast Cancer Serum
miR-34a
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18
22
26
30
34
38
1 6 11 16 21 26 31 36 41 46 51 56 61
miRNA
CT Value
Serum Isolation 1
Serum Isolation 2
Serum Isolation 3
Normal Serum 2 -∆CT: Breast Cancer vs. Normal
� Workflow� 200 µl serum � 50 µl total RNA � 5 µl total RNA, HiSpec Buffer � one-half of cDNA used for 96-well
miFinder miScript miRNA PCR Array
� High reproducibility can be achieved using the miRNeasy Supplementary Protocol � Each isolation was from a different normal serum donor
� Significant differences exist between the mature miRNA expression levels of the two tissue types
� ± 2-fold [red lines] used as a cutoff for significance
Sample & Assay Technologies Where can I find miScript miRNA PCR Arrays?
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis 53
www.sabiosciences.com/mirna_pcr_array.php
� miRNA Overview
� miScript PCR System
� miScript miRNA PCR Arrays
� Products for functional studies
� miRNA purification options
Sample & Assay Technologies Where can I find miScript Primer Assays?
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis 54
www.qiagen.com/GeneGlobe
Sample & Assay Technologies QIAGEN’s miRNA portfolio
55
Your miRNA workflow, from sample to results!
miRNeasy Mini Kit, miRNeasy Micro Kit miScript II RT K it and PreAMP Kit HiPerFect Transfection Reagent
miRNeasy 96 Kit miScript SYBR Green PCR Kit Attractene Transfection R eagent
miRNeasy FFPE Kit miScript miRNA PCR Arrays miScript miRNA Mimics
miRNeasy Serum/Plasma Kit miScript miRNA Data Analysi s Tool miScript miRNA Inhibitors
PAXgene Tissue miRNA Kit miScript Primer Assay Custom miScript miRNA Mimics
PAXgene Blood miRNA Kit miScript Precursor Assay miSc ript Target Protector
Supplementary protocol for miRNA from Plasma and Serum
miScript PCR Starter KitmiScript miRNA Inhibitor 96 and 384 Plates and Sets
Pro
filin
g
QIAcube QIAgility Rotor-Gene Q
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis
QIAGEN Service Core
FunctionalizationIsolationQuantification and profiling
Sample & Assay Technologies Upcoming webinars
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis 56
Experimental Setup and miRNA Profiling webinars
Webinar 3: Profiling miRNA expression: on the road to biomarker development
Date: April 24, 2013, 9:30 am EDT
Speaker: Jonathan Shaffer, Ph.D.
Sample & Assay Technologies Thank you for attending
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Sample & Assay Technologies
Webinar 2: Advanced miRNA Expression Analysis 58
Thank you for attending today’s webinar!
Jonathan Shaffer, Ph.D.
[email protected] Technologies, R&D Americas
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