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20-23 June Geodynamics Mexico City, with its 9 million in- habitants and its burgeoning scientific facilities, will be host to the first sym- posium on geodynamics to be held in this continent, 20-23 June. The 31/2- day event will include invited papers by about 25 scientists from the United States, Latin America, and other coun- tries, followed by round-table discus- sions. Some of the problems to be dis- cussed are: tectonics of the Gulf of Mexico, Yucatan, and Guatemala; ori- gin and age relations across the Mexi- can Volcanic Belt; mechanism of sub- duction in the Middle America Trench from studies of the aftershock sequence of the Colima earthquake of 30 Jan- uary 1973; comparative studies of the evolution of the west coast of North America; and reports on recent geo- physical cruises in the areas of the Nasca and Cocos plates. A session on "mechanisms of sea-floor spreading" and a joint session with the earthquake engineering symposium on earthquake hazard in relation to the Managua earthquake, are also planned. This symposium is cosponsored by AAAS, the Consejo Nacional de Cien- cia y Tecnologia of Mexico, and the Inter-Union Commission on Geo- dynamics. The arrangers are C. L. Drake (Dartmouth University) and C. Lomnitz (University of Mexico). A field trip to the volcanoes near Mexico City will close the symposium. C. LOMNITZ Instituto de Geofisica, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico 21-23 June Volcanism in Mexico and Centrad Anerica Active volcanoes are major geologic features in Mexico and Central Amer- ica; they create both hazards and bless- ings for the region. Forecasting erup- tions has long been a goal of volcanol- ogy and, although useful predictions are still only a visionary hope, some prog- ress is being made. Many of the volcanic eruptions in Mexico and Central America are highly explosive. The emitted gases and ash are one of the atmosphere's major nat- ural pollutants, and they can be used as a meter stick against which man's atmospheric pollutants can be com- pared. Geothermal steam reservoirs are proving to be an important source of energy. In most cases these natural steam occurrences are closely related to volcanic activity. The symposium (21-23 June) fo- cuses on these topics of volcanism which are most relevant to mankind: forecasting volcanic eruptions, explo- sive volcanism, and geothermal power. Five speakers will discuss the cur- rent status of predicting volcanic erup- tions. Several approaches (including historic activity pattems, seismic moni- toring, small ground surface move- ments, and changes in temperature and gas emissions) show considerable prom- ise, but no single technique at present Arenal Volcano, central Costa Rica, erupted violently in the summer of 1968 after about 500 years of repose. The above photo shows lava flow still being emitted, 4 November 1971, from the lower explo- sion crater on the west flank of the vol- cano. [Courtesy Instituto Geogrifico, Costa Rica] 16 MARCH 1973 is a reliable indicator of forthcoming eruptions. The volcanoes of Mexico and Cen- tral America are much more explosive than those in Hawaii. Because of the long intervals between, and the danger during eruptions, the mechanics of ex- plosive volcanic eruptions are not as thoroughly studied and, therefore, less well understood than the eruptions in Hawaii. Five speakers will discuss the products and mechanisms of explosive volcanism, and motion picture films of the recent eruption of Pacaya Volcano in Guatemala will be shown. Geothermal power resources are cur- rently of great interest in Mexico and Central America. Five speakers will discuss the recent developments and future prospects of geothermal power in this region. R. W. DEcKER Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire on March 22, 2020 http://science.sciencemag.org/ Downloaded from

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Page 1: Mexico and Centrad Anerica...Alarge and growing line is fine-but it's not enough. Each Mallinckrodt product comesto you in a revolutionary see-thru protective package, with thorough

20-23 June

Geodynamics

Mexico City, with its 9 million in-habitants and its burgeoning scientificfacilities, will be host to the first sym-posium on geodynamics to be held inthis continent, 20-23 June. The 31/2-day event will include invited papers byabout 25 scientists from the UnitedStates, Latin America, and other coun-tries, followed by round-table discus-sions.Some of the problems to be dis-

cussed are: tectonics of the Gulf of

Mexico, Yucatan, and Guatemala; ori-gin and age relations across the Mexi-can Volcanic Belt; mechanism of sub-duction in the Middle America Trenchfrom studies of the aftershock sequenceof the Colima earthquake of 30 Jan-uary 1973; comparative studies of theevolution of the west coast of NorthAmerica; and reports on recent geo-physical cruises in the areas of theNasca and Cocos plates. A session on"mechanisms of sea-floor spreading"

and a joint session with the earthquakeengineering symposium on earthquakehazard in relation to the Managuaearthquake, are also planned.

This symposium is cosponsored byAAAS, the Consejo Nacional de Cien-cia y Tecnologia of Mexico, and theInter-Union Commission on Geo-dynamics. The arrangers are C. L.Drake (Dartmouth University) and C.Lomnitz (University of Mexico). Afield trip to the volcanoes near MexicoCity will close the symposium.

C. LOMNITZInstituto de Geofisica, UniversidadNacional Autonoma de Mexico

21-23 June

Volcanism in Mexico and Centrad Anerica

Active volcanoes are major geologicfeatures in Mexico and Central Amer-ica; they create both hazards and bless-ings for the region. Forecasting erup-tions has long been a goal of volcanol-ogy and, although useful predictions arestill only a visionary hope, some prog-ress is being made.Many of the volcanic eruptions in

Mexico and Central America are highlyexplosive. The emitted gases and ashare one of the atmosphere's major nat-ural pollutants, and they can be usedas a meter stick against which man'satmospheric pollutants can be com-pared. Geothermal steam reservoirs areproving to be an important source ofenergy. In most cases these naturalsteam occurrences are closely relatedto volcanic activity.The symposium (21-23 June) fo-

cuses on these topics of volcanismwhich are most relevant to mankind:forecasting volcanic eruptions, explo-sive volcanism, and geothermal power.

Five speakers will discuss the cur-rent status of predicting volcanic erup-tions. Several approaches (includinghistoric activity pattems, seismic moni-toring, small ground surface move-

ments, and changes in temperature andgas emissions) show considerable prom-

ise, but no single technique at present

Arenal Volcano, central Costa Rica,erupted violently in the summer of 1968after about 500 years of repose. The abovephoto shows lava flow still being emitted,4 November 1971, from the lower explo-sion crater on the west flank of the vol-cano. [Courtesy Instituto Geogrifico, CostaRica]16 MARCH 1973

is a reliable indicator of forthcomingeruptions.The volcanoes of Mexico and Cen-

tral America are much more explosivethan those in Hawaii. Because of thelong intervals between, and the dangerduring eruptions, the mechanics of ex-plosive volcanic eruptions are not as

thoroughly studied and, therefore, lesswell understood than the eruptions in

Hawaii. Five speakers will discuss theproducts and mechanisms of explosivevolcanism, and motion picture films ofthe recent eruption of Pacaya Volcanoin Guatemala will be shown.

Geothermal power resources are cur-rently of great interest in Mexico andCentral America. Five speakers willdiscuss the recent developments andfuture prospects of geothermal powerin this region.

R. W. DEcKERDartmouth College,Hanover, New Hampshire

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Cirde No. 60 on Readers' Sorvice CardSCIENCE, VOL. 179154

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Francisco, Calif. (C. D. Cook, 333 CedatSt., New Haven, Conn. 06510)20-22. Council of Biology Editors,

Bethesda, Md. (K. F. Heumann, Federa-tion of American Socs. for ExperimentalBiology, 9650 Rockville Pike, Bethesda,Md. 20014)

20-23. American Thoracic Soc., NewYork, N.Y. (R. G. Weymueller, ATS,1740 Broadway, New York 10019)

20-23. National Tuberculosis and Res-piratory Disease Assoc., New York, N.Y.(R. J. Anderson, NTRDA, 1740 Broad-way, New York 10019)

20-25. Conference on Mass Spectrom-etry and Allied Topics, 21st, San Fran-cisco, Calif. (F. E. Saalfeld, NavalResearch Lab., Code 6110, Washington,D.C. 20390)20-26. American Gastroenterological

Assoc., New York, N.Y. (J. A. Benson,Jr., 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd.,Portland, Ore. 97201)

20-26. American Soc. for Gastrointes-tinal Endoscopy, New York, N.Y. (J. A.Rinaldo, Jr., ASGE, 16001 W. Nine MileRd., Southfield, Mich. 48075)

21-23. Biomedical Perspectives of Ag-glutinins of Invertebrate and Plant Ori-gins, New York Acad. of Sciences, NewYork, N.Y. (E. Cohen, Roswell Park Me-morial lnst., Buffalo, N.Y.)

21-23. American Soc. for Quality Con-trol, Cleveland, Ohio. (R. W. Shearman,ASQC, 161 W. Wisconsin Ave., Milwau-kee, Wis. 53203)

21-24. American College of Obstetri-cians and Gynecologists, Bal Harbour, Fla.(M. Newton, ACOG, 79 W. Monroe St.,Chicago, Ill. 60603)

21-25. American Industrial HygieneAssoc., Boston, Mass. (G. D. Clayton,AIHA, 25711 Southfield Rd., Southfield,Mich., 48075)

21-26. World Congr. of Otorhinolaryn-gology, 10th, Venice, Italy. (M. Arslan,Clinica ORL, Policlinico, Univ. of Padua,Padua, Italy)

23-25. American Inst. of IndustrialEngineers, Chicago, Ill. (J. F. Jericho,AIlE, 345 E. 47 St., New York 10017)

24-25. Fluorescense: Microscopy, Mea-surements and Photochemistry, intern.symp., Lisbon, Portugal. (A. de LemosBastos, Instituto Portugues de Oncologiade Francisco Gentil, Palhava-Lisboa 4)

27-30. International Congr. of Bron-choesophagology, 14th, Lausanne, Swit-zerland. (J. P. Taillen, Clinique ORL,Hopital Cantonal, 1011 Lausanne)

28-30. American OphthalmologicalSoc., Hot Springs, Va. (R. W. Hollen-horst, AOS, 200 First St., SW, Rochester,Minn. 55901)

29-1. American Orthopsychiatric As-soc., 50th annual, New York, N.Y. (M.F. Langer, AOA, 1790 Broadway, NewYork 1001 9)

30-1. Canadian Meteorological Soc., 7thannual congr., Halifax, N.S. (Miss N.Waller, Maritime Command Headquarters,FMO Halifax, N.S.)

30-1. Laser Engineering and Applica-tions, 4th biennial joint sponsorship ofthe Inst. of Electrical and ElectronicsEngineers and the Optical Soc. of Ameri-ca, Washington, D.C. (D. Edgar, CourtesyAssociates, Suite 700, 1629 K St., NW,Washington, D.C. 20006)

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"The Estuary-Septic Tank of the Megalopolis"

This is but one of 71 scientific papersmaking up the comprehensive volume

ESTUARIESpublished by AAAS in 1967 and re-

printed in 1968. Based on the 1964Conference on Estuaries, Jekyll Island,Georgia, the volume treats basic con-siderations, physical factors, geomor-phology, sediments and sedimentation,microbiota, nutrients and biologicalproduction, ecology and populations,physiology and evolution, fisheries,human influences; a summary is in-cluded. 776 pages. 2036 literaturecitations, 525 illustrations, 85 tables,over 14,000 index entries.

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30-1. European Conf. on the Use ofLow Energy Accelerators, Polytechnic ofthe Sotuth Bank and Inst. of Physics,Iondon, England. (A. H. Jiggins, Dept.of Physics. PSB, London, S.E.l OAA)

June

3-5. Royal Soc. of Canada, Kingston,Ont. (Public Relations Dept., RSC, Queen'sUniv., Kingston)

3-7. Special Libraries Assoc., Pitts-bLurgh, Pa. (F. E. McKenna, SLA, 235Park Ave. S., New York 10003)

3-7. Asian Pacific Congr. of PlasticSurgery, Jerusalem, Israel. (N. Ben-Hur.P.O. Box 16271, Tel-Aviv, Israel)

4-6. Brookhaven Symp. in Biology, 25th,Upton, N.Y. (P. S. Carlson, Biology Dept.,Brookhaven Natl. Lab., Upton 11973)

4-8. Carbon, I Ith biennial conf., Amer-ican Carbon Committee, Oak Ridge Natl.Lab., Gatlinburg, Tenn. (W. P. Eatherly,Oak Ridge Natl. Lab., P.O. Box X, OakRidge 37830)

4-8. American Federation of Informa-tion Processing Soc., New York, N.Y. (T.C. White, AFIPS, 210 Summit Ave.,Montvale, N.J. 07645)

4-8. Symposium on Rapid Methodsand Automation in Microbiology, Stock-holm, Sweden. (Miss S. Olsen, Dept. ofApplied Microbiology, Karolinska In-stitutet, S-104 01 Stockholm 60, Sweden)

4-8. American Assoc. for the Study ofNeoplastic Diseases, Heidelberg, Ger-many. (R. H. Jackson, 10607 Miles Ave.,Cleveland, Ohio 44105)

4-9. International Assoc. of Hydro-logical Sciences, Madrid, Spain. (D. R.Dawdy, Engineering Research Center,U.S. Geological Survey, Colorado StateUniv., Fort Collins, Colo. 80521)

6-7. Government Data Systems Conf. onNew Systems in Law Enforcement andCriminal Justice, 2nd natl., New York,N.Y. (WV. A. KuLlok, Div. of Business andManagement, New York Univ., 600 ThirdAve., New York 10016)

6-8. Alaska State Medical Assoc., Fair-banks. (R. G. Ogden, ASMA, 1135 W.8 Ave., Anchorage, Alaska 99501)

6-8. Mode of Action of Mlicrobial Wallsand Mlembranes, New York Acad. of Sci-ences, New York, N.Y. (NI. R. J. Salton,New Yor-k- Univ., New York)

7-9. International Congr. on Immu-nology in Obstetrics and Gynaccology,Padua, Italy. (N. Carretti, Obstetrics andGynaccology Clinic, Univ. of Padua, ViaGiustiniani No. 3, Padua 35100)

7-9. American Rlheumatism Assoc.,Los Angeles, Calif. (Miss L. Bonfiglio,ARA, 1212 Avenue of the Americas,New York 10036)

7-9. MIass Spectrometry in Biochemistryand MTedicine, intern. symp., Milan, Italy.(A. Frigerio, Istituto di Ricerche Farma-cologiche "Mario Negri," 20157 Mlilan-Via Eritrea, 62 Italy)

10-14. Institute of Food Technologists,Miami Beach, Fla. (C. L. Willey, IFT,221 N. LaSalle St., Chicago, 111. 60601)

10-14. Special Libraries Assoc., Phil-adelphia, Pa. (F. E. MIcKenna, SLA, 235Pai-k Ave. S., New York 10003)

10-15. Neturostirgical Soc. of America,Pembroke, Bermuda. (S. N. Chou, Univ.of Nlinnesota Medical School, Minneapolis55455)

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Volcanism in Mexico and Central AmericaR. W. Decker

DOI: 10.1126/science.179.4078.1149-a (4078), 1149-1157.179Science 

ARTICLE TOOLS http://science.sciencemag.org/content/179/4078/1149.2.citation

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trademark of AAAS. is a registeredScienceAdvancement of Science, 1200 New York Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20005. The title

(print ISSN 0036-8075; online ISSN 1095-9203) is published by the American Association for theScience

1973 by the American Association for the Advancement of Science

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