mexican renaissance
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Mexican Renaissance. Muralist Movement. Overview. Constitution of 1917 Educational Reforms Los Tres Grandes Frida Kahlo. What were the important post-revolutionary education reforms?. Before the Revolution education was generally meant for the elite - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Mexican Renaissance
Muralist Movement
Overview
• Constitution of 1917• Educational Reforms• Los Tres Grandes• Frida Kahlo
What were the important post-revolutionary education reforms?
• Before the Revolution education was generally meant for the elite
• Schools were run by the Catholic Church• Literacy rate about 20%
After the Revolution
• Many leaders believed that Mexico could not move forward economically, politically, or culturally, without some improvements in education.
How did the Constitution of 1917 change education?
• Article 3: Secular and obligatory education
– Free and secular education
– Four years of elementary school for children 6-15
• Jose Vasconcelos– Appointed by Obregon to be head of Secretariat of
Public Education(1921-24)– Built new schools especially rural ones– Built libraries– Published guides for teachers and students– Promoted Mexican identity
Who were “Los Tres Grandes”?
• Diego Rivera• David Alfaro Siqueiros• Jose Clemente Orozco
Diego Rivera
• 1886-1957• Studied in Europe • Influenced by
Renaissance frescoes• Believed large scale
public art• Dedicated Marxist• Internationalist• Outsized figure
Rivera’s Themes
• Mexicans hard at work
• Natural glories of Mexico
• The Revolution
David Alfaro Siqueiros
• 1896-1974• Soldier during the
Revolution• Committed communist• 1919 went to Paris to
study and was influenced by the avant- garde
• Often jailed and exiled
Themes and Techniques
• Mexican Revolution as inspiration• Conflict between fascists and democratic
people• Broke away from traditional frescoes– Used spray guns to apply industrial paints– Projectors to display images– Used cameras for planning
Jose Clemente Orozco
• 1883-1949• Began as a political
cartoonist• Encouraged by teachers
to have pride in Mexican culture instead of looking to Europe
• Critical of leaders who grew wealthy from the Revolution
Themes
• History of Mexico
• Contradictions
Frida Kahlo
• 1907-1954• Suffered from polio and
injuries in street car accident
• Married-divorced-and married Diego Rivera
Themes
• Intensely personal• Represents the opportunity of women after
the Revolution• Expressive in ways not allowed by women
before the Revolution
Making Revolutionary Art
• The reforms in education brought on by the revolution had a large influence on the arts.
• • The arts were seen as a way to both educate the Mexican people and
to develop a new Mexican nationalism.• • Make a collage or mosaic that illustrates the contributions of a person
or an event in Mexican history from the period of the Mexican Revolution. (10 Formative points)
• Accompanying your artwork will be a written description of your collage or mosaic. Be sure to include; what are you illustrating, why it is important to the development of nationalism and explain any symbols that you use. (10 formative points)
•