19-Jun-06

Metrics for Sensor Network Platforms

Jan BeutelComputer Engineering and Networks Lab, ETH Zurich

2

Visions 1991 1999 20001996 20032001 2004

Wireless Sensor Networks

Applications 20042000 20032001

Military Surveillance

ZebraNetSensor Webs

Argo

Duck Island

Shooter LocalizationJames Reserve

UbiquitousVision

PicoRadioWireless Overlay

PaintableComputing

Scale FreeNetworks

Terminodes

Smart DustDirectedDiffusion COTS Dust

3

Visions 1991 1999 20001996 20032001 2004

Wireless Sensor Networks

Applications 20042000 20032001

Military Surveillance

ZebraNetSensor Webs

Argo

Duck Island

Shooter LocalizationJames Reserve

UbiquitousVision

PicoRadioWireless Overlay

PaintableComputing

Scale FreeNetworks

Terminodes

Smart DustDirectedDiffusion COTS Dust

Prototypes, Experiments and Research Demos

WSN Community

4

Visions 1991 1999 20001996 20032001 2004

Wireless Sensor Networks

Applications 20042000 20032001

Military Surveillance

ZebraNetSensor Webs

Argo

Duck Island

Shooter LocalizationJames Reserve

UbiquitousVision

PicoRadioWireless Overlay

PaintableComputing

Scale FreeNetworks

Terminodes

Smart DustDirectedDiffusion COTS Dust

ProductionApplications

Prototypes, Experiments and Research Demos

WSN CommunityOtherPeople

5

Argo – Global Ocean Observation StrategyGlobal array of temperature/salinity profiling floats

Satellite data relay to data centers on shoreOperational since 2000Developed and maintained mainly by oceanographers

6

Anti-Submarine Surveillance

Distributed acoustic monitoring and surveillanceAdvanced signal processingMostly wireline and analogFixed installations and mobile unitsMilitary development since the cold war

7

Globally Networked Weather Stations

8

Wireless Sensor Network Systems Today

9

“Proof-of-Concept” Deployment Experience

[Koe

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[Gilm

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, UC

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[Pra

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, UC

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[Pra

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10

More Wireless Sensor Network Systems…

11

Large application domainNo unified one-size-fits-all solution [Römer2004]

Automated tools common in EDA communityE.g. semi-automatic design space exploration [Künzli2005,Anliker2004]

Current WSN community approachDevice characterization, e.g. Mote family [Polastre2005,Shnayder2004]

Tiered architectures [Estrin2003], WSN device classes [Hill2004]

Good platform?Suitable solution?Optimum match?

Matching Applications and Platforms

Applications ?

12

Design Space Exploration – Example NPScheduling

proportionalshareWFQ

staticdynamicfixed priority

EDFTDMA

FCFS

Communication

Architecture # 1 Architecture # 2

Computation

DSPDSP

μEμE

CipherCipher

SDRAMSDRAM RISCRISC

FPGAFPGA

LookUpLookUp

DSPDSP

TDMA

Priority

EDF

WFQ

RISCRISC

DSPDSP

LookUpLookUp

CipherCipher

μEμE μEμE μEμE

μEμE μEμE μEμE

[Mat

eria

l cou

rtesy

of S

. Kün

zli,

ETH

Zur

ich]

static

Automated Evaluation

13

Large application domainNo unified one-size-fits-all solution [Römer2004]

Automated tools common in EDA communityE.g. semi-automatic design space exploration [Künzli2005,Anliker2004]

Current WSN community approachDevice characterization, e.g. Mote family [Polastre2005,Shnayder2004]

Tiered architectures [Estrin2003], WSN device classes [Hill2004]

Good platform?Suitable solution?Optimum match?

Matching Applications and Platforms

Applications ?

RequirementWSN platform metrics

Automated tools, design and evaluation methodology

14

Simple Metrics – Tabular Data

Mica2

Mica2Dot

Atmel AVR + CC1000 + 3xLED + 51pin + 2xAA + …

Atmel AVR + CC1000 + 1xLED + 4MHz + 19pin + round + 1xCoin Cell + …

Tmote Sky

Imote

TI MSP430 + CC2420 + 3xLED + Sensors + USB + 1Mbit Flash + …

ARM7 + Zeevo TC2001 + 2xDuoLED + 2xCR2 + …

15

Tales of Tables – Datasheet Magic…

Mica2 Mica2Dot

CPU: 7.3 MHz CPU: 4 MHz

Original Crossbow Mica2 and Mics2Dot Datasheets

16

Tales of Tables – Context and Detail…

SPOTS Paper

Atmel Datasheet

17

ARM7 + Zeevo TC2001 + 2xDuoLED + 2xCR2 + …

Simple Metrics – Tabular Data

Mica2

Tmote Sky

Mica2Dot

Imote

Atmel AVR + CC1000 + 3xLED + 51pin + 2xAA + …

Atmel AVR + CC1000 + 1xLED + 4MHz + 18pin + 1xAA + …

TI MSP430 + CC2420 + 3xLED + Sensors + USB + 1Mbit Flash + …

18

State-of-the-Art Platforms – System Core

Mica2

Tmote Sky

Mica2Dot

Imote

Lack of Flexibility

19

State-of-the-Art Platforms – Radio Systems

Mica2

Tmote Sky

Mica2Dot

Imote

2 st

rate

gies

Packet oriented

Bitstream oriented

Event-based Interaction

Rea

l-tim

e pr

oces

sing

20

State-of-the-Art Platforms Comparison

ImoteTmote SkyMica2Dot

System Core

Mica2

Radio Systems

Bias towards a special purpose

21

State-of-the-Art Platforms Comparison

ImoteTmote SkyMica2Dot

System Core

Mica2

Radio Systems

BTnode rev3

22

The Sensor Network Museum

http://www.btnode.ethz.ch

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AcknowledgementsThanks for numerous discussions

Rob Szewczyk, Joe Polastre, Phil Levis, David Culler, Oliver Kasten, Matthias Dyer, Kay Römer, Matthias Ringwald, Lothar Thiele, Ralph Kling, Luca Negri, Henri Dubois-Ferriere and many other platform builders out there…

Material used in these slides is courtesy ofSimon Künzli (ETH Zurich), Joe Polastre (Moteiv), Lama Nachman (Intel), Crossbow