methods and benefits of staining for microscopy
DESCRIPTION
In the manufacturing process for disposable tissue and sanitary products, a wide variety of additives are commonly used for several purposes. Additives are used in products to maintain, lose or gain strength, hold dissimilar parts together, offer moisturizer and softness, or even to absorb moisture and odors. The aforementioned additives are typically not visible to the naked eye or, in many cases, even under the microscope. Therefore, it is necessary to render them visible. Specific fiber stains have been extremely instrumental in identifying the physical structures of these products in product development and problem solving. Tom Kremer, our technical leader of microscopy, recently presented at McCrone Research Institute's 2010 Inter/Micro conference about how stains can help identify consumer product problems.TRANSCRIPT
The Methods and Benefits of The Methods and Benefits of Staining in the Microscopy of Staining in the Microscopy of
Consumer ProductsConsumer Products
Presented by: Tom KremerPresented by: Tom KremerTechnical Leader of MicroscopyTechnical Leader of Microscopy
DuPont Fiber Identification Stain DuPont Fiber Identification Stain No. 4No. 4
Acid Blue 298Acid Blue 298 Acid Red 182Acid Red 182 Direct Blue 218Direct Blue 218 Disperse Orange 25Disperse Orange 25 Disperse Yellow 3Disperse Yellow 3
Color ReactionsColor Reactions
Nylon – red to reddish brownNylon – red to reddish brown Rayon – blue to blue-greenRayon – blue to blue-green Cellulose acetate – orangeCellulose acetate – orange Polyester – pale yellow/yellow tan/beigePolyester – pale yellow/yellow tan/beige Acrylic – beigeAcrylic – beige Olefin – light tan to pale yellowOlefin – light tan to pale yellow
Color Reactions (contd.)Color Reactions (contd.)
Wood pulp (chemically treated) – greenWood pulp (chemically treated) – green Wood pulp (mechanical) – redWood pulp (mechanical) – red Cotton (normal) – strong blue to blue-grayCotton (normal) – strong blue to blue-gray Cotton (mercerized) – greenCotton (mercerized) – green Glass – doesn’t stainGlass – doesn’t stain Silk – dark purpleSilk – dark purple
Color ReactionsColor Reactions
S/B latex – redS/B latex – red Polystyrene acrylate – yellow-goldPolystyrene acrylate – yellow-gold Ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) – pale yellowEthylene vinyl acetate (EVA) – pale yellow Polyvinyl acetate (PVA) – redPolyvinyl acetate (PVA) – red
““Specifically, it has been attempted to Specifically, it has been attempted to produce disposable fibrous products produce disposable fibrous products which maintain a relatively high wet which maintain a relatively high wet strength in the presence of solutions strength in the presence of solutions with with elevatedelevated ion concentrations, but ion concentrations, but become more dispersible when in become more dispersible when in contact with solutions having a contact with solutions having a lowerlower ion concentration. These ion sensitive, ion concentration. These ion sensitive, water dispersiblewater dispersible polymer formulations polymer formulations are well known in the art.are well known in the art.
Osmium Tetroxide Vapor StainingOsmium Tetroxide Vapor Staining
