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TRANSCRIPT
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XAVIER UNIVERSITY-ATENEO DE CAGAYAN
College of Engineering
Cagayan de Oro City
Mechanical Engineering Department
Mechanical Engineering Technical Elective 3
An Evaluation of the Fire Protection System of a Building: AGRICLUTURE BUILDING
Submitted by:
Rivera, John Renzel
Hibaya, Alexis
Eduria, Tracy Keenan
Marfa, Ralph Marion
Submitted to:
Engr. Cyril G. Fabrea, PME
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Introduction:
The building to be evaluated is the Agriculture building of Xavier University in Corrales
street, Cagayan de Oro City. The floor area of the six-storey building is 80.96x10.55 m2. The
buildings Fire sprinkler system will be evaluated to check if it is in compliance to the NFPA 13
standard for fire protection. The system is usually activated by heat from a fire, and the sprinkler
heads will discharge water over the fire area. Fire Sprinkler systems are almost 100% efficient.
General Objective:
The objective of this paper is to evaluate the fire protection system of the Agriculture
Building of Xavier University in accordance to the NFPA 13 and compare the evaluation to the
existing/installed sprinkler system.
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EXISTING PARAMETERS
1st
floor
Number of branchline- 22
Number of Sprinkler per floor- 45
Distance between branchline- 3m ( referred to autocad drawing of the building)
Distance between sprinklers - 3.45m (referred to autocad drawing of the building)
Number of Sprinkler per branch- 3
2nd
floor
Number of branchline- 22
Number of Sprinkler per floor- 57
Distance between branchline- 4.5m ( referred to autocad drawing of the building)
Distance between sprinklers - 3.15m (referred to autocad drawing of the building)
Number of Sprinkler per branch- 3
3rd
floor
Number of branchline- 23
Number of Sprinkler per floor- 67
Distance between branchline- 2.7m ( referred to autocad drawing of the building)
Distance between sprinklers2.85m (referred to autocad drawing of the building)
Number of Sprinkler per branch- 3
4th
floor
Number of branchline- 25
Number of Sprinkler per floor- 75
Distance between branchlines - 3m (referred to autocad drawing of the building)
Distance between sprinklers4.35m/2.85m (referred to autocad drawing of the building)
Number of Sprinkler per branch- 3
5th
floor
Number of branchline- 20
Number of Sprinkler per floor- 62
Distance between branchline- 3m (referred to autocad drawing of the building)
Distance between sprinklers2.85m/4.35m (referred to autocad drawing of the building)
Number of Sprinkler per branch- 3
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6th
floor
Number of branchline- 25
Number of Sprinkler per floor- 76
Distance between branchline- 3.25m (referred to autocad drawing of the building)
Distance between sprinklers3.6 (referred to autocad drawing of the building)
Number of Sprinkler per branch- 3
SUMMARY OF DATA GATHERED BASED ON AUTOCAD DRAWING FROM PPO
Number of
branchlines
Number of
Sprinklers
per Branch
Number of
Sprinklers
per floor
Distance
Between
Branchlines
(m)
Distance
Between
Sprinklers
(m)
1st
floor 22 3 45 3 3.45
2n floor 22 3 57 4.5 3.15
3r
floor 23 3 67 2.7 2.85
4t floor 25 3 75 3 2.85/4.35
5t floor 20 3 62 3 2.85/4.35
6t
floor 25 3 76 3 3.6
Evaluation in accordance to NFPA 13
Light HazardEach occupancy classification for a fire protection system has a maximum floor area to be
protected by sprinklers supplied on each system riseron any one floor shall be as follows:
NFPA 13 PSME CODE
Area Limitation
Light hazard 52,000.00 ft2
4830 m2
Ordinary hazard 52,000.00 ft2
4830 m2
Extra hazard 40,000.00 ft2
2323 m2
(Lmax=15ft=4.572m, Area coverage of sprinkler, As=18.6m2)
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1st
floor
Width=80.94m Length=10.55m
Number of Branchlines
NB =
=
=17.718 branchline
Distance between branchlines
Lb=
= 4.5m
Distance between Sprinkler
S =
=
Number of Sprinklers per branch
Nb=
Actual Distance between sprinklers
Sact=
Distance of sprinkler to the wall
Number of Sprinkler per floor
Ns=(3 sprinklers/branch)x(18 branch)=54 Sprinklers
Verification of Sprinkler Coverage
A= (Sact) (Lb)= 3.52x4.5 = 15.84m
A
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2nd floor
Width=80.94m Length=10.55m
Number of Branchlines
NB =
=
=17.718 branchline
Distance between branchlines
Lb=
= 4.5m
Distance between Sprinkler
S =
=
Number of Sprinklers per branch
Nb=
Actual Distance between sprinklers
Sact=
Distance of sprinkler to the wall
Number of Sprinkler per floor
Ns=(3 sprinklers/branch)x(18 branch)=54 Sprinklers
Verification of Sprinkler Coverage
A= (Sact) (Lb)= 3.52x4.5 = 15.84m
A
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3rd floor
Width=80.94m Length=10.55m
Number of Branchlines
NB =
=
=17.718 branchline
Distance between branchlines
Lb=
= 4.5m
Distance between Sprinkler
S =
=
Number of Sprinklers per branch
Nb=
Actual Distance between sprinklers
Sact=
Distance of sprinkler to the wall
Number of Sprinkler per floor
Ns=(3 sprinklers/branch)x(18 branch)=54 Sprinklers
Verification of Sprinkler Coverage
A= (Sact) (Lb)= 3.52x4.5 = 15.84m
A
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4th floor
Width=80.94m Length=10.55m
Number of Branchlines
NB =
=
=17.718 branchline
Distance between branchlines
Lb=
= 4.5m
Distance between Sprinkler
S =
=
Number of Sprinklers per branch
Nb=
Actual Distance between sprinklers
Sact=
Distance of sprinkler to the wall
Number of Sprinkler per floor
Ns=(3 sprinklers/branch)x(18 branch)=54 Sprinklers
Verification of Sprinkler Coverage
A= (Sact) (Lb)= 3.52x4.5 = 15.84m
A
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5th floor
Width=80.94m Length=10.55m
Number of Branchlines
NB =
=
=17.718 branchline
Distance between branchlines
Lb=
= 4.5m
Distance between Sprinkler
S =
=
Number of Sprinklers per branch
Nb=
Actual Distance between sprinklers
Sact=
Distance of sprinkler to the wall
Number of Sprinkler per floor
Ns=(3 sprinklers/branch)x(18 branch)=54 Sprinklers
Verification of Sprinkler Coverage
A= (Sact) (Lb)= 3.52x4.5 = 15.84m
A
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6th
floor
Width=80.94m Length=10.55m
Number of Branchlines
NB =
=
=17.718 branchline
Distance between branchlines
Lb=
= 4.5m
Distance between Sprinkler
S =
=
Number of Sprinklers per branch
Nb=
Actual Distance between sprinklers
Sact=
Distance of sprinkler to the wall
Number of Sprinkler per floor
Ns=(3 sprinklers/branch)x(18 branch)=54 Sprinklers
Verification of Sprinkler Coverage
A= (Sact) (Lb)= 3.52x4.5 = 15.84m
A
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Hydraulically Most demanding area
2nd
floor
A=16.8m x 10m = 168m2
Density=3.8 LPM/m2=0.092GPM/ft
2
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Flow to the design area
Q= AxD
=168x 3.8
Q=638.4LPM
Length of Design Area
Lmin= 1.2
Lmin= 1.2
Lmin=15.55m
Number of Sprinklers on the design length
Ns= Lmin/S, S=3.15m
Ns=15.55/3.15
Ns=4.945 sprinklers
Actual Length of the design area
Lact=Ns X S
Lact= 5 x 4.13
Lact=20.65 m
Width of the design area
W= A/ Lact
W= 168/ 20.65
W=8.14m
Sprinkler Coverage, As
As= 14.175m2
The design area is 168 m2, 14.175x 12 sprinklers= 170.1 > 168; therefore it meets the
desired minimum criteria.
Minimum flow at the hydraulically most demanding sprinkler
Q= D x As
Q= 3.8
x 14.175m
2
Q=53.865 LPM = 14.23GPM
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Minimum pressure at the hydraulically most demanding sprinkler
P= (Q/K)2, K=5.3-5.8
At K=5.3 P= (14.23/5.3)2
P=7.21 PSI
At K=5.4 P= (14.23/5.4)2
P=6.94 PSI
At K=5.5 P= (14.23/5.5)2
P=6.69 PSI
At K=5.6 P= (14.23/5.6)2
P=6.46 PSI
At K=5.7 P= (14.23/5.7)2
P=6.23 PSI
At K=5.8 P= (14.23/5.8)2
P=6.02 PSI
According to NFPA 13 the minimum pressure at any sprinkler shall be at 7.0 psi
Determine the Friction Loss
Pf=
;
Pf=fiction loss per one foot of pipe
C= C-factor measure of relative roughness or smoothness of the internal surface of a pipe
compared to other pipe. From tale B-1 of NFPA 13 c-factor (galvanized)- 120
d = internal diameter of pipe, Table C-1= 1.61 in
Pf=
= 0.0086 psi/ft
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Comparative tables between existing design and in accordance to NFPA 13 design
OCCUPANCY EXISTING NFPA 13 REMARKS
ORDINARY
HAZARD:GROUP 2
855 m
4830m
PASS
NUMBER OF BRANCHLINES EXISTING NFPA 13 REMARKS
1 FLOOR 22 18 PASS2 FLOOR 22 18 PASS3 FLOOR 23 18 PASS4 FLOOR 25 18 PASS5 FLOOR 20 18 PASS6 FLOOR 25 18 PASS
The more number of branch lines the betterDISTANCE BETWEEN BRANCHLINES EXISTING NFPA 13 REMARKS
1 FLOOR 3 4.5 PASS2 FLOOR 4.5 4.5 PASS3 FLOOR 2.7 4.5 PASS4 FLOOR 3 4.5 PASS5 FLOOR 3 4.5 PASS6 FLOOR 3 4.5 PASS
The closer branch lines is more efficient in fire protectionDISTANCE BETWEEN SPRINKLERS EXISTING NFPA 13 REMARKS
1 FLOOR 3.45 4.13 PASS2 FLOOR 3.15 4.13 PASS3 FLOOR 2.85/3.75 4.13 PASS4 FLOOR 2.85/4.35 4.13 PASS/FAIL5 FLOOR 2.85/4.35 4.13 PASS/FAIL6 FLOOR 3.6 4.13 PASS
The sprinkler should be closer to each other for effective coverage
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NUMBER OF SPRINKLERS PER BRANCH EXISTING NFPA 13 REMARKS
1 FLOOR 3 3 PASS2 FLOOR 3 3 PASS3 FLOOR 3 3 PASS4 FLOOR 3 3 PASS5 FLOOR 3 3 PASS6 FLOOR 3 3 PASS The number of sprinklers per branch should comply with the minimum number in NFPA
13
NUMBER OF SPRINKLER
PER FLOOR
EXISTING NFPA 13 REMARKS
1 FLOOR 45 54 PASS2 FLOOR 57 54 PASS3 FLOOR 67 54 PASS4 FLOOR 75 54 PASS5 FLOOR 62 54 PASS6 FLOOR 76 54 PASS
Sprinkler Coverage EXISTING NFPA 13 REMARKS
1 FLOOR 10.35 15.84 PASS
2 FLOOR 14.175 15.84 PASS
3 FLOOR 7.7/10.125 15.84 PASS
4 FLOOR 8.55/13.05 15.84 PASS
5 FLOOR 8.55/13.05 15.84 PASS
6 FLOOR 10.8 15.84 PASS
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MINIMUM PRESSURE AT THE
HYDRAULICALLY MOST DEMANDING
AREA
EXISTING (PSI) NFPA 13 REMARKS
2n
floor, 168m Major portion Faculty Area
At K=5.3 7.21 7 PASS
At K=5.4 6.94 7 FAIL
At K=5.5 6.69 7 FAIL
At K=5.6 6.46 7 FAIL
At K=5.7 6.23 7 FAIL
At K=5.8 6.02 7 FAIL