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Newsletter Issue no. 7; Oct 2011
HKSMG c/o 3/F Cheung Sha Wan Jockey Club Clinic, 2 Kwong Lee Rd., Shamshuipo, Kowloon., HKSARhttp://www.fmshk.com.hk/hksmg/index.htm Email: [email protected]
Message from the Editor
This 7th issue of the HKSMG Newsletter is the first issue in 2011. After a long pause
due to the tremendous work required for the preparation of the 9th Asia Pacific Conference on
Human Genetics, publication of the newsletter must resume so as to maintain its continuity and
also serves to promote the activities of the Society. The 9th APCHG was a huge success, and
certainly the largest genetics conference ever organized in Hong Kong. We should be proud of
ourselves. We have brief report and some snapshots of the Conference in this issue. There is a
scientific article from Chan et al. on “Cytogenetic analysis of 3,860 prenatal cases in the Chinese
University of Hong Kong”. CHAN Wing Kwong
Editor
Scientific Article
Cytogenetic analysis of 3,860 prenatal cases in The Chinese University of Hong Kong CHAN WK, Suen KW, Chan A, Fung H, Ip A, Choy KW, Wang CC, Lau TK
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
Introduction Since October 2006, the prenatal cytogenetic laboratory of the Chinese University of Hong Kong has handled more than 3,860 samples. Clinical referrals included advanced maternal age, abnormal clinical examinations and first trimester biochemical screenings. There were 1,611 (41.74%) amniotic fluid samples, 1914 (49.59%) chorionic villous samples, 112 (2.9%) placental tissues and products of conception,
and 163 (4.22%) parental and fetal blood samples and others. The median turnaround time was 17 days and failure rate of 0.31%. The failure rate of placental tissues cultures were only 3 out of 112 (2.68%) while that for prenatal samples were 9/3525 (0.26%). These figures did not deviate too much from our previous reports or other local reported figures.
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Materials and Methods Samples were received from local and overseas referral units. QF‐PCR and karyotyping were performed in prenatal samples unless otherwise indicated. Prenatal samples were cultured in culture tubes and on coverslips in open system of 5% CO2 at 37
oC. Foetal origin of miscarriage
samples and chorionic villi were selected and digested by trypsin and collagenase before culture. Blood were cultured in suspension cultures in closed system and harvested by standard cytogenetic method. At least 15 cells were screened where 5 metaphases were fully analyzed by G‐banding.
Results Up to June 2010, we have reported 3,169 cytogenetic cases and identified 192 (6.1%) abnormalities which were higher than the
chromosomal abnormal findings of 1.7% (333/19517) in the general population.
Abnormalities in prenatal samples +21 +18 +13 Sex Mos Polyploidy del inv dic t rob
No. of abnormal cases 42 11 7 3 18 2 4 15 0 2 2
Abnormalities in non‐prenatal blood samples
+21 +18 +13 Sex Mos Polyploidy del inv dic t rob
No. of abnormal cases 1 0 1 1 3 0 0 4 2 2 2
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It is interesting to find particular high chromosomal abnormality in non‐viable pregnancies such as products of conceptions and aborted placental tissues (69/112 or 61.6%). Most of the abnormalities were chromosomal aneuploidy that contributed to
54/69 (78.26%), mostly including trisomies with decreasing order of trisomy 21 (7/69), trisomy 22 (6/69), trisomy 14 (6/69), trisomy 13 (5/69), trisomy 9 (4/69), trisomy 16 (4/69), polypoidy (5/69) etc.
Miscarriage cytogenetic analyses
Miscarriage foetal tissues (placental tissues and product of conception) 112 Abnormal karyotype
Total abnormal karyotypes 69 61.61%
Aneuploidy with decreasing order of frequency +21, +22, +14, +13, +16,
+18, monosomy X, polyploidies, +9, +15, +2, +4, +7, +8, +3, +17 etc.
54 78.26%
Chromosomal structural abnormalities (del, t, inv, mar etc.) 12 17.39%
Our cytogenetic analysis is backed up by rapid QF‐PCR using STR markers on chromosome 13, 18, 21, X and Y and also by comprehensive array CGH. QF‐PCR results are usually ready within one to two days and most targeted chromosomal abnormalities, particularly aneuploidies of chromosome 13, 18, 21, X
and Y, were well correlated except inversions, translocations and mild mosaicisms. Array CGH analysis is routinely completed within 7 working days and can identify precise chromosomal breakpoints in most chromosomal rearrangements and even low level mosaicisms above 25%.
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Conclusion and Discussion QF‐PCR and karyotyping are good complementary methods for fast, accurate and informative tests for prenatal diagnosis. Chromosomal abnormalities may be a major cause of non viable fetuses. Aneuploidy is the most frequent chromosomal defect in
prenatal chromosomal abnormalities. Trisomies 21, 18, 13 and aneuploid X/Y are found in abortus as well as in surviving foetuses while other autosomal trisomies are less likely to support foetal development and may subsequently cause foetal loss.
Report on 9th Asian Pacific Conference on Human Genetics 2010
After over a year’s hard work by the local organizing committee, the 9th Asian Pacific
Conference on Human Genetics was finally and successfully held from 30 November to 3
December 2010 at the Hong Kong Academy of Medicine Jockey Club Building. The Conference
was organized by the Asia Pacific Society of Human Genetics and hosted by our Society. It was
also supported by a number of local and overseas institutions and organizations. The China
Travel Service was the official conference secretariat.
Participants
We had the honor to have invited Dr. York Chow, Secretary of Food and Health, to
officiate the Conference at our opening ceremony. There were 415 participants, including 164
speakers and chairpersons from twenty different countries and regions. In addition, thanks to
the effort of the Chairman of the Conference and the local organizing committee members, we
had solicited the generous support from 14 industrial exhibitors and 6 noncommercial sponsors.
Speakers and Posters
Altogether, 95 invited speakers gave talks in the conference, including 65 international
speakers and 30 from Hong Kong. In addition, there were 25 free paper platform presentations
and 230 poster presentations.
Scientific Programme
The Conference featured 6 plenary sessions, 1 presidential address, 18 symposia, 5
workshops, 3 industrial lunch symposia and 5 free paper sessions. A conference banquet was
also organized on Dec 2 evening; every guest enjoyed the food and cultural performances. On 4
Dec morning, the day after the Conference, we also organized visits to the BGI facility in Tai Po
and to The Science Park.
A beautiful Program & Abstract book was prepared for each participant and guest.
Photographs of the 9th Asian Pacific Conference on Human Genetics 2010
A photo album of the 9th APCHG was posted in the Google Website where members and
friends can view or download the 110 photographs at their wish at
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https://picasaweb.google.com/hk.genes/9thAPCHG#. Here are some photographs for you to
remember and view:
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Other Scientific Activities
An evening scientific seminar was successfully organized on 18 April 2011 at Queen Elizabeth
Hospital. We were honored to have invited Mark Pertile (Senior Medical Scientist, Victorian
Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Children’s’ Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital,
Melbourne, Australia), a very experienced cytogeneticist and scientist, to give a talk on
“CHROMOSOMAL MICROARRAY AS A FRONT LINE TEST FOR THE GENETIC EVALUATION OF
SPONTANEOUS MISCARRIAGE AND STILLBIRTH”. Mark was an excellent speaker and had a great
deal to share with the audience. Those who could not attend the seminar can have a glimpse of
his talk by reading his abstract below.
CHROMOSOMAL MICROARRAY AS A FRONT LINE TEST FOR THE GENETIC EVALUATION OF
SPONTANEOUS MISCARRIAGE AND STILLBIRTH
MD Pertile, L Hills, DL Bruno, F Norris and HR Slater
Victorian Clinical Genetics Services and Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s
Hospital, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
Chromosome abnormalities are a significant cause of early pregnancy loss and are found at increased frequency in association with fetal malformations and late gestation stillbirths. However, chromosome analysis in this setting is hampered by the need for live cell culture and is performed at relatively low resolution (>5 Mb). Furthermore, culture success rates in the case of prolonged fetal demise are particularly poor. We have used high resolution chromosomal microarray (NimbleGen 135K CGH arrays) as a replacement for conventional karyotyping in the genetic evaluation of >1100 miscarriage and stillbirth samples. This methodology significantly improves success rates (>98% cases yielding informative results) and is shown to be efficient at identifying well documented chromosomal abnormalities (autosomal trisomy, autosomal monosomy, monosomy X; n=298) and large, unbalanced structural chromosomal abnormalities (n=17) that are typically associated with pregnancy failure, fetal abnormality and fetal demise.
An adjunct FISH test was used to confirm, or screen for, suspected cases of polyploidy (n=48) and mosaicism (n=21). Many smaller novel or known pathogenic copy number changes (0.5 ‐ 4.0 Mb; n=39) were also identified, some of which are implicated in the pregnancy loss by virtue of their de novo origin and/or gene‐rich state. Of particular interest is the apparent enrichment of a subset of genomic disorders mediated by non allelic homologous recombination (NAHR). Genomic disorders involving del 1q21.1 (n=2), del/dup 7q11.23 (n=3) and del/dup 16p11.2 (n=6), which may be associated with developmental and neuro‐behavioural phenotypes with/without congenital anomalies, were found to be enriched within this pregnancy loss cohort (n=11; 1.0%). This enrichment parallels that observed in the developmental delay population and suggests these genomic disorders may undergo negative selection in utero.
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Upcoming Society Activities
Seminar
Date: 19 November 2011 (Saturday)
Time: 2:00 pm – 6:30 pm
Venue: to be confirmed
Organizers: Clinical Genetic Service, Department of Health; Department of Obstetrics &
Gynaecology, Tsan Yuk Hospital; Hong Kong Society of Medical Genetics
Speakers: Stephen T. S. Lam, Mary H. Y. Tang and others
Workshop
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Date : 5 December 2011 (Monday)
Time : 2:00 pm – 5:30 pm
Venue: Lecture Theatre LT2, 7th Floor, Mong Man Wai Building, CUHK Main Campus
Organizers: CUHK‐BGI Innovation Institute of Trans‐omics, School of Biomedical Sciences,
Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Chinese University of Hong Kong.
Co‐organizer: Hong Kong Society of Medical Genetics
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Upcoming International Conferences
1. 28 ‐ 30 Sep 2011 ‐ 9th Malaysia Genetics Congress at Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia, organized
by Universiti Malaysia Sarawak and Genetics Society of Malaysia. Contact name: Dr Yuzine
Esa, Website: http://www.frst.unimas.my/9thmgc‐first.html.
2. 28 Sep ‐ 1 Oct 2011 ‐ 2nd Course in Eye Genetics at Bologna, Italy, Italy and Organized by the European Genetics Foundation. Contact name: Serena Paterlini at Website:
http://www.eurogene.org/?p=corsi&qc=912&cc=next&m=3&s=2
3. 14‐16 Oct 2011 ‐ 7th Asia Pacific Congress in Maternal Fetal Medicine at Kuala Lumpur
Malaysia and organized by: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Chinese
University of Hong Kong. Contact name: Miss Clara Lau at Website:
http://www.apcmfm.hk
4. 11‐15 Oct 2011 ‐ 12th International Congress of Human Genetics at the Montreal
Convention Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, organized by the American Society of
Human Genetics and International Federation of Human Genetics. Contact Details:
www.ichg2011.org Email: [email protected].
5. 1‐3 Dec 2011 ‐ EMBO Molecular Medicine conference Molecular Insights for Innovative
Therapies at Heidelberg, Germany and organized by EMBO Molecular Medicine. Contact
name: Adela Valceanu at Website: http://events.embo.org/emm2011/
6. 12‐13 Mar 2012 ‐ 2nd Annual International Conference on BioInformatics and
Computational Biology (BICB 2012) Special Track: Stem Cell Research (SCR 2012) in
Singapore. Contact name: Shini at Website: http://www.bioinfoconf.org
7. 7‐9 June 2012 – Association of Genetic Technologists 37th Annual Meeting at Loews Atlanta
Hotel, Atlanta, GA. For details, please visit: 36th Annual Meeting Registration Brochure or
click
http://www.agt‐info.org/images/AGT%20AM%202011_Preliminary%20Program_Web%20F
inal2.pdf.
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Members’ Publications
1. Tyrosinase gene (TYR) mutations in Chinese patients with oculocutaneous albinism type 1.
Liu J, Choy KW, Chan LW, Leung TY, Tam PO, Chiang SW, Lam DS, Pang CP, Lai TY. Clin
Experiment Ophthalmol. 2010 Jan;38(1):37‐42.PMID: 20447099
2. Second‐trimester detection of Mowat‐Wilson syndrome using comparative genomic
hybridization microarray testing. Choy KW, To KF, Chan AW, Lau TK, Leung TY. Obstet
Gynecol. 2010 Feb;115(2 Pt 2):462‐5.PMID: 20093881
3. A novel 15bp micro‐duplication in SF‐1 gene showing diverse phenotypic spectrum in a
Chinese family. Li H, Choy KW, Lei YP, Wang W, Wang HY, Chen Y. J Matern Fetal Neonatal
Med. 2010 Mar 30. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 20350242
4. Chinese validation of Urogenital Distress Inventory and Incontinence Impact Questionnaire
short form. Chan SS, Choy KW, Lee BP, Pang SM, Yip SK, Lee LL, Cheung RY, Yiu AK, Chung
TK. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct. 2010 Jul;21(7):807‐12. Epub 2010 Feb 19.PMID:
20169332
5. The impact of human copy number variation on a new era of genetic testing. Choy KW,
Setlur SR, Lee C, Lau TK. BJOG. 2010 Mar;117(4):391‐8. Epub 2010 Jan 26. Review.PMID:
20105165
6. MiR‐222 overexpression confers cell migratory advantages in hepatocellular carcinoma
through enhancing AKT signaling. Wong QW, Ching AK, Chan AW, Choy KW, To KF, Lai PB,
Wong N. Clin Cancer Res. 2010 Feb 1;16(3):867‐75. Epub 2010 Jan 26.PMID: 20103675
7. Green tea catechins and their oxidative protection in the rat eye. Chu KO, Chan KP, Wang CC,
Chu CY, Li WY, Choy KW, Rogers MS, Pang CP. J Agric Food Chem. 2010 Feb
10;58(3):1523‐34.PMID: 20085274
8. Urinary incontinence should be added to the manifestation in women with Marfan
syndrome. Chan SS, Chan DK, Pang SM, Lam ST, Lao TT, Choy KW. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic
Floor Dysfunct. 2010 May;21(5):583‐7. Epub 2010 Jan 12.PMID: 20066398
9. Novel and homozygous BEST1 mutations in Chinese patients with Best vitelliform macular
dystrophy. Wong RL, Hou P, Choy KW, Chiang SW, Tam PO, Li H, Chan WM, Lam DS, Pang CP,
Lai TY. Retina. 2010 May;30(5):820‐7.PMID: 20057343
10. Reduced CRYL1 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma confers cell growth advantages
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and correlates with adverse patient prognosis. Cheng IK, Ching AK, Chan TC, Chan AW,
Wong CK, Choy KW, Kwan M, Lai PB, Wong N. J Pathol. 2010 Feb;220(3):348‐60.
11. Gene dosage imbalance of human chromosome 21 in mouse embryonic stem cells
differentiating to neurons. Wang CC, Kazuki Y, Oshimura M, Ikeo K, Gojobori T. 2011 Gene
481: 93‐101. PMID: 21549184
12. Classification of pathogenic or benign status of CNVs detected by microarray analysis.
Leung TY, Pooh RK, Wang CC, Lau TK, Choy KW. 2010 Expert Rev Mol Diagn 10(6): 717‐721.
PMID: 20843196
13. Redox control in mammalian embryo development. Ufer C, Wang CC, Borchert A, Heydeck
D, Kuhn H. 2010 Antioxid Redox Sign 13(6):833‐875. PMID: 20367257
CUHK BGI I ti I tit t f T iCUHK-BGI Innovation Institute of Trans-omics,School of Biomedical Sciences,
Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology,The Chinese University of Hong Kong
Recent Advances in Clinical Genetics using High Throughput G i T h l iGenomic Technologies
Date : 5th, December 2011 (Monday) Time : 2:00 pm – 5:30 pmVenue : Lecture Theatre LT2, 7th Floor, Mong Man Wai Building, CUHK Main Campus.Organizer : CUHK-BGI Innovation Institute of Trans-omics, School of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Chinese University of Hong Kong.Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Chinese University of Hong Kong.Co-organizer: Hong Kong Society of Medical Genetics
Time Workshop Programme Speaker
2:00 pm – 2:10 pm Opening Prof. Chan, Wai-YeeSBS, CUHK
2:10 pm 2:50 pm Developmental Genome Anatomy Project: Dr Morton Cynthia Casson2:10 pm – 2:50 pm Developmental Genome Anatomy Project: Cytogenetic Approach to Gene Discovery in the Next-Gen Sequencing Era
Dr. Morton, Cynthia CassonHarvard Medical School
2:50 pm – 3:15 pm Genomic basis of X-linked Hypertrichosissyndrome
Dr. Zhang, XueChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeMedical College
3:15 pm – 3:40 pm An Overview of Genetic and Genomic Services in Hong Kong
Dr. Lam, StephenDepartment of Health
3:40 pm – 4:00 pm Tea break
4:00 pm – 4:40 pm Capturing Copy Number Variants (CNVs) from Whole-Genome Next Generation DNA
Dr. Lee, CharlesHarvard Medical School
Sequencing: Perspectives from the 1000 Genomes Project
4:40 pm – 5:05 pm Whole Exome Capture and Next-Generation Sequencing Identifies the Mutated Genes in Chinese DFNA Families
Dr. Yuan, HuijunChinese PLA General Hospital
5:05 pm – 5:30 pm Identifying Hearing Loss Gene Mutations by Dr. Choy, Richard Sequence Capture Analysis Dept of O & G, CUHK
For registration, please send your name, email address and affiliation to Janis Ching of the SBS General Office by email at [email protected]
ALL ARE WELCOME