message from chief executive officer filefrom allopathic medicine, there are other branches of...

Panacea Health Education in collaboration with Holy Cross Home Science College

Proceedings: National conference on “ Lifestyle Modification towards Management of Diabetes”, Tuticorin, 4th

Feb 2012

Message from Chief Executive Officer

Diabetes and its co-morbid factors have burdened our country’s efficiency and cost of living. For the year 2012

we are into enhancing diabetes education in response to the alarming statistics in India.

The launch of Certified Diabetes Educator (CDE) Course is planned in February. Our efforts towards

continuing medical education this year is taking shape in the form of 7 National level Conferences in

collaboration with leading institutions our country. Conference on "Effective Diabetes Management with

Lifestyle Management" in Tuticorin on Feb 4th in collaboration with Holy cross home science college and

Conference on "Understanding Diet and Insulin" in Bangalore on Feb 28th in collaboration with Smt VHD

Central Institute of Home Science marks the beginning of our line of events for the year.

Panacea focuses on imparting quality education to masses towards primary and secondary prevention of

Diabetes by having community reach as an integral part of our curriculum for healthcare professionals.

We believe that there should be at least one CDE per 10 Indians to curb the Diabetic epidemic. We hope to join

hands with the health professionals as a team to curb this epidemic of Diabetes.

Komal Bhambore

Founder and CEO- Panacea Health Education

Message from the Organizing Secretary

It, gives me immense pleasure on behalf of the Panacea Health Education and Holy cross Home Science

College to welcome you all to the National conference on “Lifestyle Modification towards management of

Diabetes” at Tuticorin-Pearl city, TN India.

Lifestyle diseases have become major issue worldwide and modification techniques have a potential to

influence this change. Keeping this in mind, present venture has been decided.

I am sure that you will avail this excellent opportunity to enrich your knowledge at the conference. Hope it

will be a unique platform to exchange information, share education, experiences among academician, scholar

and nutritionist to promote healthy lifestyle.

We assure you of our best efforts to make the Conference memorable and look forward to your whole-hearted

participation

Dr.Rajni Tatia Faculty / Conference Organizing Secretary

Panacea Health Education



Feb 2012

MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH IN FILLING THE GAPS IN DIABETES PREVENTION

INTRODUCTION

According to World Health Organization, the number of people suffering from diabetes worldwide is

more than 220 million, and it is anticipated to double this number between 2005 and 2030. The current

Indian diabetes population is 40.9 million. The estimated diabetes population in the year 2025 is 70

million. The increasing incidence of diabetic epidemic is going to pose great economical burden to our

country. This is because of lack of awareness towards diabetes and its complications, which is

preventable in all stages. The topic will be dealt as below:

1. Basic Understanding

2. Pathophysiology of Diabetes - Inertia

3. Jurisdiction

4. Effectiveness

5. Resources

6. Continuity

7. Cost

8. Summary

1. Understanding: Cost of the patients suffering from diabetes fail to understand about their disease, that

is, basic defect, the role of diet, the role of physical work or exercise, and the risk factors like hyper-

tension, obesity, high cholesterol, smoking and alcohol abuse.

2. Pathophysiology of Diabetes: There are two types of diabetes - Type-1 and Type-2. Type-1

constitutes only 5% of the total diabetics. Type-2 comprises 90% of all diabetic cases. The basic defect

is defective insulin secretion and insulin resistance.

3. Jurisdiction: In our country, anybody can treat diabetes. One need not have qualified degree. Apart

from allopathic medicine, there are other branches of medicine, like Siddha, Homoeopathy, Unani, and

bare-foot doctors. So diabetic patient is confronted with number of medical facilities available, which

one is correct and how to treat the disease is questionable.

4. Effectiveness: Each branch of medicine claims their medicine is effective. Most of the medicines

available in the market for diabetes are spurious. One must understand diabetes can be controlled, and



Feb 2012

once established, cannot be completely cured. There are medicines for diabetes treatment which will

affect the kidney function.

5. Resources: The cost of treatment during initial stage is less. As the disease progresses and

complications set in, the cost of medicine to be taken and investigations to be done become costly and

also availability of health care people.

6. Continuity: Once diabetes is established, treatment is life-long. Screening of diabetes control is very

important. Diabetic patients must learn to screen and control the complications periodically.

7. Cost: The cost of medicine, investigations and the indirect cost like establishment of hospital and

health care centers is increasing day by day, which directly affects the patients' outcome.

8. Summary: It is high time that diabetic education for awareness of diabetes is started in the school

level. Games and physical exercises should be made compulsory in schools. Dietary value must be

taught and obesity should be screened in the school children itself. The danger of alcohol, smoking must

be taught. Children of diabetic parents who are under high risk of developing diabetes should be carefully

followed. All diabetic mothers should be checked for pregnancy diabetes.

Dr.D.Selvaraj

Director, SRRA Hospital

Tuticorin



Feb 2012

LIFESTYLE MANAGEMENT OF DIABETES

C.Sathyalakshmi

Associate professor &head

Department of food science&nutrition

Holy cross home science college

Thoothukudi

Wellness is an approach to life where you aim at recognizing the risk factors that could lead to

life-threatening diseases in the future and thereafter work towards reducing them.

The 10 Steps to Wellness

• Early to bed and early to rise

• Exercise regularly

• Facilitate the natural body cycles

• Watch your body weight

• Organize your life well, Be humble to all

• Spend true quality time with your family

• Rediscover the hidden and lost “You”

• Stay away from smoking and alcoholism

• Learn how to handle stress effectively

What are the risk factors for type 2 diabetes?

• Age, Physical inactivity

• Being overweight

• For women: gestational diabetes

• Some racial/or ethnic groups

• Type 2 diabetes in the family

What we know…:

• Interventions decrease incidence of diabetes, improve CV risk factors

• Lifestyle changes more effective than medications

• Interventions promote weight loss

• Lifestyle interventions are resource-intensive



Feb 2012

MANAGING PATIENT BEHAVIOR TOWARDS LIFESTYLE MODIFICATION Dr.Rajni Tatia

Faculty( Diabetes Education )

Panacea Health Education

E-mail : [email protected]

[email protected]

Diabetes is a challenging disease to manage successfully. Although the care regimen is complex, patients

with good diabetes self-care behaviour can attain excellent glycemic control. However, many patients do

not achieve good glycemic control and continue to suffer health problems as a result. Diabetes health care

providers know that if only their patients adhered to their treatment recommendations, they could do well

and avoid diabetes-related complications. The fact that so many patients do not can be very frustrating

The regimen includes lifestyle components both (i.e., diet and physical activity) and typically

pharmacological components (i.e., oral medication and insulin). Patients must monitor their blood glucose

and use this information to adjust and coordinate eating, physical activity, and medication doses. In

addition, many patients with diabetes have other comorbidities, including hypertension and

hyperlipidemia, and thus must integrate their diabetes self-care with self-care of these other diseases. The

treatment regimen also involves regular visits to physicians or other health care providers and screening

and treatment for diabetes-related conditions (e.g., eye screenings and foot care). Tobacco use or

excessive alcohol use further complicates the task of behaviour change.

Improving Patient Self-Care Behaviours’

Ironically, to improve diabetic patients' compliance or adherence, health care professionals should first

abandon the concept of trying to get their patients to comply or adhere better.This requires an attitude

shift in recognition of patient responsibility for diabetes self-management, as well as a new type of

collaborative relationship with patients. There is no question that diabetes management can be frustrating

for health care providers, but it is important to be aware of how these attitudes may determine approaches

to clinical practice and undermine effective diabetes management.

Assessment of diabetes management problems

Effective behavioural interventions first require an understanding of why, how, and when patients do not

engage in optimal diabetes self-management behaviours. Assessment of the reasons for lack of optimal

self-care is important before embarking on specific behavioural interventions that may fail if specific

regimen barriers are not understood and dealt with as part of the intervention. Disease-related knowledge

and skills may be lacking, or patients may have inappropriate health beliefs and attitudes. Specific

environmental barriers may adversely affect patients' ability to perform appropriate self-care. Patients

may be socially isolated or have conflicted family relationships that undermine diabetes management.

There may be specific psychological or psychiatric disorders, such as depression, anxiety, or eating

disorders, that impair effective diabetes management.

These issues should be screened for their potential role in diabetes management problems, and more

comprehensive assessment should be conducted as needed by other members of the health care team,



Feb 2012

including diabetes educators and behavioural specialists, such as social workers, psychologists, and

psychiatrists. Appropriate therapies, such as stress management, cognitive behavioural therapy, or

psychotropic medications, may then be provided as clinically indicated.

Effective behavioural interventions

Health care providers must understand behaviour change as part of an interpersonal process. Although

patients are responsible for their own decisions and self-care behaviours, patient outcomes are also

affected by health care provider behaviours. To be most effective at health behavior change, health care

providers should have a patient-centered approach, cultivate a collaborative relationship, communicate

clearly, and provide directives (advice) when patients are ready to hear and learn more about the new

recommendations.

Several specific strategies can help patients with behaviour change. First is the establishment of rapport,

conveying genuine interest in patients. An agenda should be set in terms of talking about some specific

health care goals. Providers should assess the importance patients place on and the confidence they feel

with respect to specific health behaviours to determine their readiness or motivation. It is important

during the clinical encounter to explore the importance of regimen-related behaviours and build patient

confidence. Assuming that patients do want to hear what providers want to tell them, exchanging

information is a critical part of the behaviour-change process. A rationale should be provided for the

recommended treatments. However, it is important to remember that simply providing information to

increase knowledge will not guarantee that behaviour change occurs.

Providers face several challenges. The first is simply to listen to their patients and find out what is

important to them. This may be difficult to do in a busy clinical setting, but even a few minutes of asking

and listening goes a long way in establishing and maintaining rapport. It is also a challenge to achieve

congruence with patients' readiness to change. Reducing patient resistance to change is another challenge.

Effective ways to reduce resistance include emphasizing personal choice and control; reassessing patients'

readiness, beliefs about importance, or confidence; and sometimes backing off and joining with patients

in their decisions.

In effective behavioral consultation, providers encourage patients to express their concerns and use active

listening techniques, such as open-ended questions, clarifications, reflective statements, and summary

statements. Health care providers help their patients to be more active, brainstorm options, and consider

the advantages and disadvantages of various therapeutic approaches. Collaborating and negotiating are

integral to these encounters, but patients assume control over decision making.

Several specific behavioral strategies and psychosocial interventions can be employed to improve patient

self-care behaviors once it is established that patients want to work on particular goals. Self-monitoring is

an integral component of behavior change, serving to heighten awareness of the behavior, understand its

determinants, and track progress over time. It is helpful to gradually implement new regimen-related

behaviors over time, especially for more complex regimens. Goal setting is important to achieving

success at behavior change, and goals should be specific and easily measured.

It is particularly important to assess and program social reinforcement and support for new behaviors, not

only in patients' home environment, but also in the medical office as part of the clinical encounter.

Sometimes it is useful to have formal behavioral contracts that specify treatment goals and program

positive outcomes for patients contingent on them meeting their goals. Another effective strategy is

problem solving, which teaches patients how to identify problems, generate possible solutions, make a

reasoned decision about a solution, and then evaluate the success of that choice. Providing written



Feb 2012

instructions for new regimen prescriptions is helpful because patients may not remember all the details

discussed during the clinical encounter.

It is also important to recognize the limits of one's ability to change patient behavior. Sometimes it is best

to refer difficult or complicated cases to behavioral health specialists who have the training and time

necessary to intervene more effectively.

PAPER PRESENTATIONS: ORAL CATEGORY

Hypoglycemic effect of spinach and fenugreek

leaves in type 2 diabetic

Karthika.p*,dr.usha. T**

*m.sc student,** assistant proffessor,

Department of clinical nutrition & ditetecis, ehiraj

college for women, chennai

Diabetes mellitus is a group of condition

characterised by either a relative or a complete lake

of insulin secretion by the beta cell of the pancreas or

by the defects of cell insulin receptors . Besides

various approaches in the management of diabetes,

the challenge is now to identify hypoglycaemic

supplements that are safe and affordable. Green leafy

vegetables are richest in their nutritive value and

cheapest of all vegetables. They are a called power

house of antioxidants and are even referred to as

functional foods. The present study was done in a

sample of type 2 diabetics ( n= 18) who were

assigned into three groups based on the

supplementation received namely experimental

groups (n=6) who received fenugreek leaves

khakra(2nos),experimental group ii (no=6)

(2nos)who received spinach leave khakra and control

group (no=6) who did not receive any supplement.

The biochemical parameters namely fasting blood

sugar, post prandial blood sugar and glycocylated

haemoglobin were assessed in all the subject on the

0th , 30th and 60th day of supplementation. The

hypoglycaemic effect of fenugreek leaves khakra

over spinach leave khalra were compared with each

other and also with control group statistically using

paired “t” test. The results revealed that

supplementation of spinach leaves khakra brought

about a reduction in post prandial and hba1c levels as

compared to fenugreek leaves khgnifiakra , the other

blood parameters did not show much significance.

Effect of different amounts of zingiber officanale

(dry ginger) on the blood glucose levels of non-

insulin dependent diabetes mellitus patients

Bhavani,v* and varlakshmi rajam.s**

*MSc student,**assistant professordepartment of

clinical nutrition and dietetics,ehiraj college for

women,chennai

Diabetes is a syndrome that is caused by relative or

an abnormal lack of insulin, which results in a

disturbance of carbohydrates,protein and lipid

metabolism and elevated blood glucose. To overcome

or treat diabtes various indigenous plant product can

be used.genger is one of the commonly used spices

which contains hypoglycaemic effects.the study was

undertaken to assess the two different dosages of

ginger 1.5 gms and 3 gms which was dried, ground

finely and made into capsule of 500 mg. Twenty four

subjects were selected and randomly assigned into

three groups,control group (n=80,experimental group

(n=8),who consumed six 500 mg capsules of ginger

and experimental group (n=8)who consumed three

500 mg of ginger capsules.a statistically significant

difference at one percent level was observed in the

fasting blood glucose level,post prandial level and

glycocylated haemoglobin of both the experimental

group subjects after 60 days of supplementation.

A STUDY ON THE EFFICACY OF

SUPPLEMENTATION OF LOW COST

MEDICINAL HERBAL POWDERS ON

HYPERGLYCEMIC TYPE II DIABETES

PATIENTS.



Feb 2012

S.M. Prasad* and U.V. Sudha**

* AssistantProfessor,

UdayaCollegeofArtsandScience,

DepartmentOfFoodAndNutrition, Udaya

NagarVellamodi, KanniyakumariDistrict, Pin:

629204, E-mail: [email protected]

** Assistant Professor, Muslim Arts College,

Department Of Food And Nutrition

Thiruvithancode, Kanniyakumari District, Pin:

629174. E-mail: [email protected]

Diabetic Mellitus is an epidemic disease in

most countries that are undergoing socio economic

conditions transtsations. Diabetes is on increase in

India the revised WHO for the year 2025 is 57.2

million diabetes in India. Various studies have shown

that the high incidence of diabetes in India is mainly

because of sedentary lifestyle, lack of physical

activity, obesity, stress and consumption of diets rich

in fat, sugar and calories.

The most prevalent is the Type 2 diabetes,

which constitutes 95 per cent of the diabetic

population in the country. In this, patients are non-

insulin dependent and they can control the glucose in

their blood by eating measured diet, taking regular

exercise and oral medication. Worldwide, millions of

people have Type 2 diabetes without even knowing it

and if not diagnosed and treated, it can develop

serious complications.

Type 1 diabetes (insulin dependent), however,

is not preventable. In India, the Chennai-based

Diabetes Research Centre says that over 50 per cent

cases of diabetes in rural India and about 30 per cent

in urban areas go undiagnosed. Globally, diabetes

affects 246 million people, which is about 6 per cent

of the total adult population. It is the fourth leading

cause of death by disease and every 10 seconds a

person dies from diabetes-related causes in the world.

Each year, over three million deaths worldwide are

tied directly to diabetes and even greater number die

from cardiovascular disease. Modification in lifestyle

and proper medication can delay and prevent diabetes

in high-risk groups. Eating whole grain carbohydrates

and moderate exercise and avoiding excessive weight

gain could eliminate over eighty per cent of Type-2

diabetes.

A variety of plant preparations have been

mentioned in ayurveda and other indigenous system

of medicine which are claimed to be useful in the

treatment of diabetes. There are many medicinal

herbs and spices, which place in day to day uses as

herbal remedies. One such herb is Murraya koenigii,

Trigonella foenum – gracecum and Ocimum

tenuifiorum. Studies have supported and suggested

the use of these herbs in diabetic patients. In this

study these herbs are powdered and supplemented for

diabetic patient for a period of 30 days. Initial and

final values are taken and results were drawn. There

is an improvement after consuming herbal powders in

experimental groups.

Nutrient analysis of Hibiscus (Hibiscus

sabdariffa)Tea and its effect on hypertensive and

hyperlipidemic subjects

Saranya D* & Dr. Nithya Maloney Bright**

*Post graduate student, Ethiraj College for Women,

Chennai

**Assistant Professor, Ethiraj College for Women,

Chennai

Good health is a well balanced state without

any disease conditions that are seen worldwide.

Various health problems are on the rise due to

reasons like rapid modernization, lifestyle changes,

smoking, alcohol consumption, wrong choices of

foods, eating habits, excess free radical production,

heredity etc. This could finally lead to various

degenerative diseases such as diabetes, cancer,

cardiovascular disease and obesity. Cardio vascular

abnormalities are frequently the cause as well as the

effect of elevated blood pressure. Hyperlipidemia is

a major risk factor in the etiology of cardio vascular

disease. Drinking hibiscus tea lowers the blood

pressure of pre hypertensive and mildly hypertensive

adults, hence it plays a role in controlling blood

pressure. The extracts of hibiscus sabdariffa has

antihyperlipidemic effect, their action may be due to

increased inhibition of intestinal absorption of

cholesterol, inference with lipoprotein production,

increased expression of hepatic LDL receptors and

their protection, leading to increased degradation and

catabolism of cholesterol from the body. The study

was done to find the effect of hibiscus tea on

hypertensive and hyperlipidemic subjects. The

subjects were supplemented with 5 g of hibiscus tea

powder in 150 ml of water and were asked to

consume in the form of tea for a period of 45 days

either in the morning or evening. Serum total

cholesterol and blood pressure were assessed after the

supplementation period which showed significant

reduction in the values. Hibiscus tea being rich in

antioxidant is considered as an effective herbal

remedy for cardiovascular disease especially

hypertension and hyperlipidemia



Feb 2012

EFFECT OF SUPPLEMENTATION OF

PEANUTS ON THE BLOOD LIPID

PROFILE OF FEMALE DIABETIC

SUBJECTS OF AGE BETWEEN 40-60

YEARS

Varshini Srinivasan* and B.Barathi**

* M.Sc., Student, Foods and Nutrition, Ethiraj

College for Women, Chennai

** Assistant Professor, Department of Clinical

Nutrition and Dietetics, Ethiraj College for Women,

Chennai.

ABSTRACT

Diabetes mellitus is a kind of metabolic disease that

is brought about by either the insufficient production

of insulin or the inability of the body to respond to

the insulin formed within the system. Each year, an

estimated 3.8 million people die from diabetes-

related causes. A person with diabetes has elevated

lipid profile levels and is at a greater risk for

cardiovascular diseases. World Health Organization

has certified Mono Unsaturated Fats (MUFA )

greatly reduces LDL cholesterol and improves the

blood lipid profile values. Nuts are low in saturated

fats and high in unsaturated fats in particular Mono

Unsaturated Fats (MUFA) and other nutrients.

Peanuts are a very good source of monounsaturated

fats that is emphasized in heart-healthy diets. Hence,

the research study was attempted to find out the

effect of supplementation of peanuts on the lipid

profile status of female diabetic subjects of age

between 40 to 60 years. The study was conducted on

thirty female diabetic subjects, who were randomly

assigned to three groups namely, Experimental group

I (n=10) (subjects receiving 35 grams of boiled

peanuts for a period of 45 days), Experimental group

II (n=10) (subjects receiving 35 grams of roasted

peanuts for a period of 45 days) and Control group

(n=10) (subjects without peanut

supplementation).Biochemical analysis of lipid

profile levels, was assessed before and after the

supplementation of peanuts among all the three

groups The results showed that the supplementation

of peanuts in the diet of the female diabetic subjects

were significantly effective in reducing the serum

total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, VLDL cholesterol

and triglycerides levels and increasing the HDL

cholesterol levels, which may reduce the risk of

various cardiovascular diseases.

Therapeutic Validation of a Health Mix for

Diabetics

Christina Princy P and Mary Pramela A, Asst

Professor, Department of Home Science,

Women’s Christian College,Chennai.

[email protected], ph:9840802778

Background

Rapid globalization and industrialization have

resulted in economic prosperity and better living

standards on the one hand and on the other, an

increase in lifestyle related diseases. Long term

consumption of a diet with a high glycemic load (GL)

is a significant, independent predictor of the risk of

developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular

disease (Powell et al.,2002).A reduction in dietary

glycemic index (GI) improves glucose and lipid

metabolism in type 2 diabetes (Bjorck and

Elmstahl,2003) Judicious combination of common

foods with known hypoglycemic effect can help

regulate blood glucose levels in diabetics.

Objective

This study was planned to determine the glycemic

response of NIDDM subjects to a multigrain health

mix.

Methodology

A health mix was formulated using sprouted

fenugreek, sprouted green gram, black gram,

soybean, wheat and parboiled rice.100 gm of this

formulated health mix was then administered to

eleven subjects with NIDDM and their post prandial

glycemic response to this test meal was assessed as

compared to an isocaloric control meal

Results

There was a significant difference between the mean

glycemic response of the subjects to the test meal and

an isocaloric control meal.The increase in the post

prandial levels was significantly lower after

consumption of the test meal as compared to the

control meal.

Conclusions

The lower mean post prandial levels after

consumption of the test meal indicate that the

formulated health mix has a hypoglycemic effect on

subjects with NIDDM and may be used as a meal

option for diabetics.



Feb 2012

Key Words

NIDDM, hypoglycemic effect, multigrain health

mix,diabetics,post prandial levels

EFFECT OF JAMUN SEED POWDER

SUPPLEMENTATION ON THE BODY MASS

INDEX AND FASTING PLASMA GLUCOSE

LEVELS IN WOMEN WITH TYPE 2

DIABETES MELLITUS

Dr.Sheba Jeyaraj1 and Finy Susan

Assistant Professor, Department of Home Science,

Women’s Christian College,

Chennai1

Corresponding Author1 (Mail-ID:

[email protected])

ABSTRACT

Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the leading

causes of disability and mortality in the world,

especially in India. India leads the world with the

largest number of diabetic subjects which is

responsible for the premature disability among Indian

women.

Objective: To determine the effect of Jamun seed

powder supplementation (suppl’n) on the Body mass

index(BMI) and fasting plasma glucose(FPG) levels

in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus(DM) .

Methods: This study included 30 women (30 – 45

yrs.) with type 2 DM and FPG levels greater than 126

mg/dl. They were equally divided into two groups as,

Control group (n =15) without suppl’n and Test

group (n=15) with jamun seed powder suppl’n. The

study was conducted for a period of 60 days. The

dosage of the jamun seed powder was 10gms per day.

The biochemical parameter was estimated in a

clinical laboratory.

Results: Statistically significant reductions were seen

in the BMI of the women in both the groups.

Significant reductions were seen in the BMI of the

women in the Control group by 1.3% compared to

2.8% in the Test group. Regarding the FPG levels , a

statistically significant reduction was seen in the test

group by 10.6% compared to an increment of 9.9% in

the Control group.

Conclusion: Jamun seed powder can be advocated as

an effective hypoglycemic agent in the management

of diabetes mellitus, which is independently

responsible for the increased incidence of CHD - a

major killer among Indian women.

Key words:Jamun seed, Diabetes mellitus, CHD

Assessment of the Nutritional Status of Children

with Type I diabetes

E.Preetha Jacenta,Student counselor,Olive

Consultants and Mary Pramela A,Asst Professor,

Department of Home Science,Women’s Christian

College,Chennai

[email protected],Ph:044-

25546840;[email protected],ph:984080277

8

Background

Diabetes is one of the common chronic diseases in

children and adolescents.In India the prevalence

varies from 6 per 100,000 to 10.1 per 10,000.The

nutrient needs of children with diabetes keep

changing throughout the growing years,as do their

appetites and activities.

Objective

This study was planned to evaluate the nutritional

status of children with diabetes and evaluate the

adequacy of the intake in meeting their special

nutritional needs and maintaining the blood glucose

control.

Methodology

The Nutritional status of 25 children aged 3 to 15

years and diagnosed with type 1 diabetes was

assessed using anthropometric measurements like

body weight, height; Biochemical indices like blood

hemoglobin and fasting blood glucose levels and

clinical assessment for nutritional deficiencies. A 24

hour dietary recall was used to assess the nutritional

adequacy of their diets.

Results

Anthropometric measurements indicated that the

mean body weight and height of the subjects was

less than the standard weight for age, indicating that

they were malnourished. The mean fasting blood

glucose level of the subjects was 181.4 mg/dL which

was higher than optimal levels for diabetics. The

mean blood hemoglobin level was also low (9.65

mg/dl).

Subjects exhibited clinical signs indicative of protein,

Essential Fatty Acids, vitamin A, vitamin B, calcium

and iron deficiencies. Analysis of the nutrient intake

revealed that the mean intake of energy, protein and

fibre of the subjects was lower than the

Recommended Dietary allowance (RDA) for their



Feb 2012

respective age groups. The mean fat and

carbohydrate intake however was more than the RDA

for a majority of the subjects. Intake of vitamin A,

riboflavin, niacin, pyridoxine, Vitamin B12, Vitamin

C, calcium and iron was lower than the RDA for a

majority of the subjects.

Conclusions

The low nutrient intakes coupled with high fasting

blood glucose levels in the subjects are important

factors contributing to the low body weight and

height as well as nutritional deficiencies in children

with type 1 diabetes. This underscores the importance

of dietary intervention in these children that considers

the individual, interpersonal, physical and

environmental influences and involves the family as

well as the child with type I diabetes.

Key Words

Type I diabetes, Nutritional status, Nutrient intake,

Nutritional deficiencies, Children

EFFECT OF DIFFERENT DRYING METHODS

ON NUTRIENT CHANGES OF HERBALLY

TREATED Oryza sativa. R.Vithya, Dr.

Cissie Theeblyn David, Department of Human

nutrition and Nutraceuticals, Fatima College,

Madurai-625018. Email: vithya_limo @yahoo.co.in.

contact no – 8870284120. Diet habit of most

part of the population relies on cereals. Ayurveda

originated in India long back and recently there has

been an upsurge in the development of variety of

herbal cereal with curative properties, particularly

diabetic patients. Oryza sativa (Red rice) and some of

the anti-diabetic herbs were selected. Red rice was

treated with an herbal formulation that is known as

Triphala. Red rice was soaked in the deccoction for

12 hours (S2) as advocated by Ayurveda. To identify

the appropriate changes that has taken place during

the intervals of soaking treatment (6 hours (S1), 18

hours (S3), and (S4) 24 hours) various biochemical

parameters like Moisture, Ash, Protein, Total

Carbohydrate, Crude Fibre, Crude Fat, Iron,

Phosphorus were analysed at interval of 6 hours. The

soaked grain were dried at employing three different

drying techniques (Sun Drying (D1), Shade Drying

(D2), and (D3) Oven Drying). The analysed

data were compared with the control sample and the

best optimum soaking period and drying techniques

was identified as 12 hours oven drying (S2D3) for

Red rice. The treatment S2D3 showed that there was

maximum Ash and iron, howbeit tremendous

reduction was noticed for the Total Carbohydrate

content and Crude Fat content as compared to the

control. Above all the biochemical changes of the

herbal treated Red rice showed that these may be

suited for effective nutritional management of

Diabetes patients.

EFFECT OF SEAWEED SOUP

SUPPLEMENTATION AMONG THE

SELECTED HYPERGLYCEMIC COLLEGE

LECTURERS

R. Gandhimathy* and R. Ilakkiya, Assistant

Professor, Department of Human Nutrition and

Nutraceuticals, Fatima College, Madurai.

Diabetes is one of the leading preventable

causes of death worldwide and one of the most

serious public health problems of the 21st century. So

this study was designed and entitled as “Effect of

Seaweed Soup Supplementation among the

Selected Hyperglycemic College Lecturers.” A

total of sixteen college lecturers were selected

randomly and their nutritional profile was assessed

through anthropometric measurements and

biochemical analyzed. The sixteen subjects were

categorized according to their medication whether

they are insulin dependent or drug. Among the

sixteen subjects, twelve non insulin subjects were

selected for the supplementation. These subjects were

further grouped as experimental and controlled

group. The experimental subjects were supplemented

with 150ml of seaweed soup containing 5g of

seaweed twice a day for 45 days. They were screened

for their dietary pattern. During the study period the

dietary counseling was given and they were asked to

follow a prescribed dietary chart depending upon the

kilocalories needs. Impact of supplementation was

assessed for their anthropometric measurements like

weight, and random blood glucose for the both

control and experimental group. The results revealed

there was a slight difference in the weight of the

control group and there was a considerable decrease

in the weight of the experimental subjects who

consumed seaweed soup. The results of biochemical

analysis revealed that at the end of the

supplementation among the control group, there was

a slight difference in blood sugar level because of the

tomato soup but the seaweed soup supplemented

daily reduced a greater amount of blood sugar during

the 45days period of supplementation. Hence it can

be concluded that seaweed is exceedingly effective in

reducing obesity as well as blood sugar level.



Feb 2012

EFFECT OF LYCOPENE IN TOMATO SOUP

AND TOMATO JUICE ON THE LIPID

PROFILE OF HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC

SUBJECTS

Durga. G., Nora Vigasini, K and Dr. P. Muthu

Meenakshi

Lycopene is a potent antioxidant present in

tomatoes that protects native LDL from oxidation ,

hence it is associated with low incidence of cardio

vascular diseases and atherosclerosis. Metabolic

anomalies make diabetics more prone to

atherosclerosis, The American Diabetes Association

cites a 2005 study that shows a link between diabetes,

cholesterol, and atherosclerosis. Diabetics also have

a predisposition towards abnormally high levels of

blood cholesterol – LDL bad cholesterol and triglycerides. Diabetics should do everything

possible to prevent blood vessels from damages.

Inclusion of tomatoes in our diet ensures these health

benefits of lycopene.

Objective s of the study To assess the effect of tomato juice and tomato soup

supplementation on the lipid profile of mild

hypercholesterolemic subjects

Methodology

The study design was of the pre test post test

experimental design. The criteria used for sample

selection were Mild hypercholesterolemic male

subjects within the ages 40 to 50 years with the

following lipid profile 1. Total cholesterol (TC) -

200-250 mg/dl 2. Low density Lipoprotein

cholesterol – ( LDL-C)- 120- 160 mg/ dl 3. . High

density Lipoprotein cholesterol – ( HDL-C)- ≤35 mg/

dl 4. Serum triglyceride (TG) - ≤ 200 mg/dl.

Ten subjects received tomato juice and ten subjects

received tomato soup supplementation for a period of

45 days. One hundred and fifty grams of tomato was

supplemented each day in the form of soup and juice.

Results

Supplementation of tomato juice showed a

statistically significant decrease in the TC and LDL

– C. A reduction in the TG and an increase in the

HDL-C was observed though not statistically

significant. Supplementation of tomato soup showed

a statistically significant decrease in TC, LDL-C and

an increase in the HDL-C.

Conclusion

Tomato soup and tomato juice can be made a part of

the daily diet in order to regulate the lipid profile of

hypercholesterolemic subjects. Diabetics can resort to

regular intake of tomato soup to keep their lipid

profile under control thus reducing their risk of

atherosclerosis.

PAPER PRESENTATIONS: POSTER CATEGORY

DEVELOPMENT OF FLAX SEED

INCORPORATED BREAD –

A functional food for diabetes

Anitha.A M.Phil

Mrs. Asha Sugathan, M.Sc.,M.Phil, B.Ed.,

Research Fellow

Associate Professor

PG & Research Department of Home Science

PG & Research Department of Home Science

Bhararthidasan Govt. College for Women,

(Autonomous) Avvaiyar Govt. college

for women,

Puducherry

Karaikal

Email: [email protected]

High-fat, low-fiber, low-nutrient diets

combined with genetic susceptibility and low-level

exercise may lead to symptoms associated with

diabetes. Presently, flaxseed had gained attention in

the area of diabetes, primarily due to its richest

source of α-linolenic acid (ALA) and the

phytoestrogen, lignans, and a good source of soluble

fiber. Hence, the present study was undertaken to

develop flaxseed incorporated breads as a functional

food for diabetes. The study was conducted to

determine the optimum amounts of ground flax seed

to be incorporated in bread and to evaluate the effect

on storage and nutritional characteristics of the same.

Flaxseed was added to bread at 10, 20 and 30 percent

substitution levels for wheat flour on weight basis.

Bread containing 30 percent flaxseed was rated better

than their counterparts. In 30 percent flaxseed

enriched bread compared to control, omega 3 fatty

acids, fiber and protein content were improved by

28g, 16g and 8g respectively. Evaluation of storage

quality of the wheat-flaxseed blended bread revealed

that it was acceptable up to 5 days of storage without

adversely affecting the moisture level and exhibited



Feb 2012

acceptable sensory properties. Thus the study

indicated that value addition will improve the health

benefits of diabetic subjects and easy way to add

appropriate nutrients without taking too much time to

prepare and eat.

Key word: Flax seed, Diabetes, Bread

Fenugreek – a herbal medicine for diabetes

V. SARASVATHI M.Sc, M.Phill, Dr. Josephine

Nirmala Many

Associate Professor in Home Science

Bharathidasan Govt. College for Women, Puducherry


Diabetes is an important ‘Silent Killer Disease’ and

according to WHO there are 246 million people in

the world living with diabetes. It is estimated that

currently there are 40 million people with diabetes in

India and by 2025 this number will swell to 70

million. Central obesity or apple shape of the body

and insulin resistance is the main reason for diabetes

increase in Indians. Management of diabetes

concerns with physical exercise, stress management,

pharmacotherapy, behavior therapy and many herbal

treatments.

Fenugreek seed is one of the traditional herbal

medicine commonly known as “methi” for the

treatments of many ailments like diabetes,

hypertention and obesity. Major constituents found in

fenugreek seeds are protein – 20 to 25 percent,

dietary fibre – 45- 50 percent, Mucilaginous soluble

fibre 20 to 25 percent, fixed fatty acids of essential

oils 6 to 8 percent, and steroid saponins 2 to 5

percent. According to National Academics Institute

of Medicine about 5 to 10g of fenugreek per day is

generally recommended. Dietary fibre content in

fenugreek reduce Blood Sugar, Serum Cholesterol,

Serum Triglyceride, Serum Low Density Lipoprotein

and Serum Very Low Density Lipoprotein without

decreasing High Density Lipoprotein. Hence the need

was arised to incorporate fenugreek seed a potent

medicament within our reach to eradicate diabetes.

METHODOLOGY: The study was carried out in two

phases, Phase 1 – Preparation of fenugreek

incorporated, buttermilk and wheat bread for

supplementation. Sensory analysis of these food

items incorporated with fenugreek powder was

carried out. Phase 2 – Case study was undertaken for

diabetic adult, questionnaire and observation

technique was used to collect the data. Analysis was

carried out for diabetic samples and fenugreek

incorporated food items was supplemented.

RESULTS: Buttermilk and wheat bread was selected

to incorporate fenugreek powder and sensory analysis

was carried out. Sensory analysis involves the

measurement of colour, texture, flavor, appearance,

taste, evenness of bake, symmetry of form and

mastication. Both ‘Fen’ buttermilk and ‘Fen’ wheat

bread are highly scored good. Incorporation of

fenugreek proves that there was a tremendous

depletion in blood sugar and Serum cholesterol level

for diabetic samples. So, consumption of fenugreek

on daily basis is a weapon towards management of

diabetes mellitus.

Risk Assessment Index as a screening tool for

susceptibility toward developing Diabetes

M. Shobana, Assistant Professor of Home Science,

Bharathidasan Govt. College for Women,

Puducherry. E- mail: [email protected]

Dr. S. Uma Mageshwari, Reader, Dept of FSMD,

Avinashilingam University for Women, Coimbatore

World Health Organisation in discussing prevention

or avoiding hereditary diseases considers both

genetic family studies and population screening as

important tools. This study aims at developing a risk

index to identify the potentiality of an individual

toward developing Diabetes. The risk index was

developed using parameters like mean fasting

glucose, c- peptide levels, genetic pre-disposition,

age, dietary habits and life style patterns. Scores were

assigned to each category and the risk assessed

through these scores. Offsprings of diabetics and

non- diabetics above the age group of 25 years and

free from lifestyle diseases were identified. The score

card was administered to fifty offsprings of inherited

diabetics and twenty five offsprings of non- diabetics.

Ten male offsprings of inherited diabetics and one

male offspring of non- diabetics group were

identified to have a high risk toward developing

Diabetes.

A Review on Effect of Trigonella Foenum-

Graecum on Type-2 Diabetics.

Ms.R.Hemalathaa,Asst.Prof,Dept.of HomeScience

with Food Biotechnology,Fatima College,Madurai-

18,Tamil Nadu. [email protected]

Trigonella foenum-graecum (fenugreek) can

ameliorate hyperglycemia and diabetes. According to



Feb 2012

the National Center for Complementary and

Alternative Medicine, fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-

graecum) was first mentioned in “an Egyptian

papyrus” dating back to 1500 B.C. Several e -

journals were studied through web pages such as

Google,Pub Med and the likeTwo recent studies on

fenugreek indicate that it may play a valuable role in

the arena of hunger management, it also appears to

provide some valuable benefits with regard to blood

sugar disorder and cardiovascular health. An Iranian

study demonstrated statistically significant reductions

in fasting blood sugar, VLDL and triglyceride levels.

An Indian trial (2009), discovered that fenugreek

assists the body in processing LDL cholesterol and

decrease fat accumulation in mice, reduces plaque

formation in the arteries of rabbits and even reduces

the likelihood of cholesterol-based gallstones in mice

receiving a high cholesterol diet. An October 2009

study found that the fenugreek bread helped to

manage blood sugar and insulin more successfully

than a 100% whole wheat bread. A group of

Canadian researchers remarked that, “4-

hydroxyisoleucine, can treat type 2 diabetes, obesity

and dyslipidemia, all key components of metabolic

syndrome”. 4-hydroxyisoleucine is believed to be at

least partially responsible for the blood sugar

balancing effect of fenugreek. The October 2010

edition of the Journal of the International Society of

Sports Nutrition reveals yet another side of fenugreek

– as an ergogenic aid.Thus the study on the reviews

lucidly engraves the incorporation of fenugreek as a

functional food in commercial consumables of

interest to combat metabolic syndrome.

ACCEPTABILITY OF SOAKED FOXTAIL

MILLET MIX FOR THE DEVELOPMENT

OF LOW GLYCEMIC INDEX CHAPATTI

LALITHADEVY.V Ph.D Scholar, Dr. N.

SOUNDARAVALLI* and Dr S.

ALAMELUMANGAI**

*Associate Professor and ** Assistant Professor, PG & Research Department of Home

Science

Bhararthidasan Govt. College for Women,

(Autonomous) Puducherry.

Foxtail millet, a crop of poor people is a rich

source of vitamins, minerals and excellent source of

soluble and insoluble dietary fibre. The present study

aims to assess the acceptability of composite millet

mix chapatti, and analyse its glycemic response

among selected type 2 diabetes. Methodology:

Composite mix chapatti through incorporation of

wheat, bengal gram flour with soaked foxtail millet

flour was developed and acceptability was found

using 9 point hedonic scale rating. Eighteen diabetic

subjects comprising of both sexes, between 35-

60years were divided equally into experimental and

control groups purposively and glycemic response

studied during fasting, 60 minutes and 120 minutes

blood glucose level. Results of nutrient analysis

revealed that soaked foxtail chapatti constituted

protein (21.5g), fat (1.88g), dietary fibre (18.8g) and

carbohydrate (72.4g) contents than that of whole

wheat flour chapatti. Foxtail chapatti was highly

accepted as 95 per cent of panels rated as like

extremely in all sensory attributes. At postprandial

state, foxtail mix chapatti registered low glycemic

response of 150.13±2.4mg/dl as against standard

chapatti that had high blood glucose response with a

peak value of 253.52±11.4mg/dl among experimental

group. Glycemic index of foxtail chapatti registered

low value (46.02) when compared to wheat chapatti

(70.36). Thus findings of the study revealed that

foxtail composite mix chapattis could be used as a

low glycemic index food for diabetic community

with acceptable sensory properties in the daily diet.

Key words: Soaked Foxtail millet, chapatti, glycemic

index, type 2 diabetes.

RISK FACTORS OF DIABETIC FOOT

AMONG DIABETES

M.Malliguesvary and S.Poonkuzhali

Bharathidasan Govt. College for

Women(Autonomous), puducherry.

email : [email protected]

Diabetic foot is one of the most common

complications affecting the people with diabetes.

The foot is the frequent site for complication in

patients with diabetes because it causes a nerve

damage called peripheral neuropathy that reduces

sensation in the feet. The present study focused on

risk factors of diabetic foot among diabetic patients

in two selected health care institutions. A patients’

risk towards developing diabetic foot was assessed

associating their body mass index, presence of

hypertension, the duration of onset of diabetes and

presence of diabetic foot symptoms. A total of 50

samples were thus assessed. Accordingly, 20 percent

of them were categorized with risk 3 (Extensive

ulcer) and 22 percent were identified with risk 4

(Amputation) with any one or combination of

symptoms such as blisters, corn, bunion, fissures,

thickening of toe nails, weakness, cold feet, fever,

peeling of foot skin, nail infection and drainage of



Feb 2012

pus. Early identification and early appropriate

interventions were necessary to reduce the

tremendous personal and societal burden of diabetes

related amputation.

ROLE OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY FOR

PRIMARY PREVENTION

T.Pattu raja3,J.Mohanraj

1,J.Felicita and I.Vijaya

kumar2

1.The Principal, Kamaraj college, Tuticorin-628003.

2.Assitant professor of P.G.Dep.of .Zoology,

Kamaraj college.

3.Student in P.G.Dep.of .Zoology, Kamaraj college

Physical activity, which is an essential element of

being active, is defined as bodily movement

produced by skeletal muscles that requires energy

expenditure and produces over all health benefits.

Regular physical execrise has been known to be

beneficial in the treatment of type 2 diabetes

Epidemological studies of physical exercise::reduced

the progression of impared glucose tolerance(IGI) to

type 2 diabetes .Endocrinological and metabolic

effects of exercise: In well controlled diabetic

patients and physical exercise

promotes utilization of blood glucose and lowers

blood glucose level. Hence regular

physical/activity affects over all glycomic control

through improved insulin sensitivity

lowered insulin requirements and improved glucose

tolerence.Collectivelly these health

benefits may contribute to a reduction in the risk for

long-term diabetes complications, slow, the

progression of existing complications, and enhance

quality of life. This paper will focus on the physical

therapy treatment considerations, surrounding the use

of exercise and physical modalities in the diabetic

population.

Key words: physical activity, insulin,IGT.

2For

correspondence(Email:[email protected],c

ell:9994814445)

MECHANISM OF SLOW RELEASE

CARBOHYDRATE AND TREATMENT FOR

DIABETES.

G.Chelladurai1,J.Mohanraj

1,J.Felicita and

I.Vijaya kumar2


2.Assitant professor of P.G.Dep.of .Zoology,Kamaraj

college.

3.Student in P.G.Dep.of .Zoology, Kamaraj college.

Foods also show great differences in the rate at

which they release their carbohydrate products of

digestion possibly independent of their fibre content.

Carbohydrates have a big impact on our blood sugar

level. High-fiber. The concept of slow release or

lente carbohydrate oves much to the original dietary

fibre.It was suggested that due to changes in the diet

involving the refining of carbohydrate foods and the

elimination of dietary fibre from the diet(ie.. the loos

of the unabsorbable carbohydrate and lignin. In

man’s original diet foods with low energy

concentration releasing their carbohydrate products

of digestion slowly and utilizing a greater length of

small intestine for absorbtion. However, the levels of

fiber intake required to achieve significant

improvements in fasting and post prandial glucose

level have been considered to high for practical

application

Keywords:carbohydrate,glucose,diet,fibre.

2For

correspondence(Email:[email protected]

m,cell:9994814445)

BENEFITS OF FUNCTIONAL FOOD AND

ASSES THE SCIENTIFIC EVEIDENE FOR

FUNCTIONAL FOODS

Jasmine3,J.Mohanraj

1,J.Felicita and I.Vijaya

kumar2


2.Assitant professor of P.G.Dep.of .Zoology,Kamaraj

college.

3.Student in P.G.Dep.of .Zoology, Kamaraj college.



Feb 2012

New promising technologies such as nutrigenomics

imaging techniques, converting technologies are

increasingly being used in nutrition research.Any

food is indeed functional because provides nutrients

and has a physiological effect. Many, if not most

fruits,vegetables,grains,fish and dairy and meat

products deliver benefits beyond basic nutrition.

Examples include lycopene in tomatoes,omega n-3

fatty acid in salmon.Even tea and chocolate have

been noted in some studies as possessing functional

attributes aspects of health linked with some of the

most developed aspects of nutrition science include

better early of nutrition science include better early

development and growth,health maintenance(e.g

immune function,physical performance).reduced risk

of obesity and reduced risk of chronic diet-related

diseases(eg. type 2 diabetes and

metabolicdisease).Markers can the effect of

consuming a functional food on a valid proxy for the

final end point. In the present paper deals with the

benefits of the functional food and assess the

scientific evidence for functional foods

Key words: omega n-3fatty acid, immune

function,diet. 2For

correspondence(Email:[email protected],c

ell:9994814445)

COMPARATIVE STUDY ON

ANTHROPOMETRY, BIOCHEMICAL

PARAMAETERS, DIETARY HABITS AND

LIFE STYLE PATTERN BETWEEN SHIA AND

SUNNI MUSLIM OBESE WOMEN

Muhamed Mariam .M*, Ms. Rajkala.A**, Ms.

Renny Jaspher Mary***

*Post graduate student, Ethiraj College for Women,

Chennai

**Assistant Professor, Ethiraj College for Women,

Chennai

***Assistant Professor, Ethiraj College for Women,

Chennai

Obesity, a medical condition in which

excess body fat, increases the likelihood of various

diseases, leading to reduced life expectancy. The

balance between energy input and energy output can

be affected by many factors including the quality and

quantity of dietary intake, strong cultural and

environmental influences, life style pattern and

genetic factors. Muslim women were more likely to

be overweight than women from other religious

groups due to the lack of physical activity and intake

of fat dense foods like fleshy foods. The present

study was done to compare anthropometric

measurements, biochemical parameters, dietary

habits and life style pattern, between obese women of

shia and sunni Muslim communities in the age group

of 31-40 years. The subjects selected from shia and

sunni community were 38 and 30 respectively using

purposive sampling. Interview schedule was used to

collect information on socio-economic data, dietary

habits, food frequency and lifestyle pattern and 3 day

recall method was used for collecting information on

their dietary intake. Biochemical parameters like

serum lipid profile and random blood glucose were

assessed for the subjects. From the study, it was

found that the mean body weight of shia and sunni

muslim obese women were 70.36kg and 73.23 kg

respectively. In both Muslim communities, the BMI

and WHR (0.9-1) of the subjects were equally at risk

of metabolic syndrome. Both shia and sunni muslim

obese women had higher levels of serum total

cholesterol, serum low density lipoprotein, serum

triglycerides and random blood sugar confirming the

risk. The nutrients like energy, protein and fat were

consumed more than the RDA by the subjects in both

categories. The lifestyle pattern showed that majority

of the subjects did not do any kind of physical

activity such as sweeping or mopping, washing and

gardening, walking or jogging, showing a sedentary

life style. It is thus concluded that anthropometric

measurements like BMI and WHR, biochemical

parameters like serum total cholesterol, serum low

density lipoprotein, serum triglyceride and random

blood sugar, significantly associated with obesity

among shia and sunni muslim obese women aged 31-

40 years confirming the risk of metabolic syndrome

at later years.

IMPACT OF LOW GLYCEMIC INDEX FOOD

SUPPLEMENTS ON TYPE II DIABETES

MELLITUS AND HYPERLIPIDEMIC

SUBJECTS

Supriya S*, Premekumari.S**

Avinashilingam Deemed University For Women,

Coimbatore.

India faces a grave health care burden due to the high

prevalence of type 2 diabetes and its sequalae. Type 2

diabetes is the commonest form of diabetes

constituting 90% of the diabetic population. The

global prevalence of diabetes is estimated to increase,

from 4% in 1995 to 5.4% by the year 2025.Hence the

present study was conducted with the objective to

know the “Impact of Low Glycemic Index Food

Supplements On Type II Diabetes Mellitus And



Feb 2012

Hyperlipidemic Subjects”. As the first step, rice bran

from parboiled and raw rice were subjected to

stabilization. The three types of stabilization methods

like microwave stabilization, auto clave stabilization,

alcohol stabilization were used for stabilization of

raw and parboiled rice bran. The raw, parboiled and

stabilized rice bran were analyzed for nutrient

content. Free fatty acid content after an interval of 15

days, was found out that microwave stabilized

parboiled rice bran had the highest stability. Hence,

this was chosen for product development and

supplementation. Ten commonly prepared

breakfast/dinner recipes were selected for the

acceptability trials. Rice bran was incorporated at 25,

30, 35 per cent levels in each recipes individually by

substituting the cereals. They were put forth for the

acceptability trials using nine point hedonic scale.

The recipes at the most acceptable level of

incorporation (25%) were selected for evaluation of

glycemic index. The glycemic index was also identified

for all the ten recipes containing 25 per cent of rice

bran. Six low glycemic index recipes like two pulse

based preparations namely adai (48.11), rava adai

(50.91) and four cereal based preparations like

chapatti (52.40), mixed vegetable chapatthi (52.40),

wheat dosa (52.81), wheat rava dosa (46.60) were

chosen for the supplementation study. For the

supplementation study which was carried our in the

Coimbatore District, initial background survey was

carried out in 200 diabetic and hyperlipidemic

subjects. Twenty most co-operative type II diabetic

subjects who met the inclusion criteria were chosen

and divided into two groups of ten each. One served

as experimental and other one served as control

group. Twenty hyperlipidemic subjects were chosen

and divided into two groups of ten each. One served

as experimental and other one served as control

group. Six different food supplements containing 25

per cent of rice bran was asked to consume twice a

day for the period of ninety days. Blood glucose

parameters, the lipid parameters and anthropometric

mean before and after supplementation were also

identified. Supplementation of rice bran for a period

of 90 days brought about the significant reduction in

fasting and post prandial blood glucose and HbA1c

in type II diabetes mellitus subjects (p<0.05). The

impact of rice bran containing recipes to the subjects

in experimental group showed a significant reduction

in total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL cholesterol

and VLDL cholesterol levels(p<0.05). Thus the

present study showed the positive impact on Type II

diabetes mellitus and hyperlipidemic subjects.

IMPACT OF EDUCATION TO THE DIABETES

MELLITUS

PATIENT REGARDING MANAGEMENT

Mrs.S.Kilda* and Mrs.Puspha Bob

*Principal, Cet college of Nursing, Thidal,

Kanniyakumari Dist.

Diabetes is a major public health problem in

India. There are as estimated 30 million persons with

diabetic majority of living with in urban areas. It is

also prevalent in elderly. Since Diabetes is an

alarming and rapidly emerging health problem in our

country and awareness of diabetes has also to be

increased. Education of people prepares them to live

with diabetes by improving their understanding of the

diseases. This study explains the effect of education

to diabetic patient regarding management conducted

at Haripuram and Dhanalaksmi Nagar in Coimbatore.

Sample selected were 15 in numbers. One group are

test and post test was used in this study.

Questionnaire method was used to identify the

knowledge of diabetic patients regarding

management. Pretest was given the day before the

administration of educational programme. After 5

days of educational programme a post test was given

to reassess the knowledge. From the study it was

concluded that the post test group assessed more

knowledge from the pretest group.

FORMULATION AND STANDARDIZATION

OF FLAXSEED POWDER INCORPORATED

WHEAT FLOUR CHAPATHI

P.Magdalene Virgini, Asst professor, Dept of

human nutrition and nutraceuticals, Fatima

college, Madurai. Flax also known as linseed means, most useful plant

is a member of the genus linum, in the linum in the

family lincae. For 8,000 years flaxseed has been used

as a source for sustaining energy. It along with soy is

just gaining popularity in the world of nutrition.

Flaxseed contains a virtual power house of nutrients.

Flaxseed provides all eight essential amino acids and

a wealth of nutrients including omega-3 and omega-6

essential amino acids and essential fatty acids,

digestive enzymes, proteins, vitamins and minerals. It

is also a good source of lignans, a type of

phytoestrogen and antioxidants. Apart from its

nutritional power, there are many health threads that

appear to be helped with the consumption of

flaxseed. It has number of health benefits such as

lowering of blood cholesterol, better regulation of

blood glucose levels, protection against cancer and

high blood pressure etc. All the above said proves the



Feb 2012

meaning of the binomial name of the flaxseed plant

as the most useful plant and so researchers are now

examining the links between the usefulness of the

flax in the management of diseases and one such

effort in this study “Formulation and

Standardization of Flaxseed Powder Incorporated

Wheat Flour Chapathi” and the objectives of this

study are to incorporate the flaxseed powder in the

whole wheat flour, and to study the acceptability,

nutrient analysis, bio-chemical analysis and

evaluation of the shelf life of the flour by microbial

analysis.

Flaxseed powder incorporated wheat flour was

formulated using wheat flour, flaxseed powder of

varying proportions is 15 percent, 20percent and 25

percent and salt. Out of the formulations 15 percent

proportion gained a higher score of 4.85 for overall

acceptability in the organoleptic evaluation and this

proportion of flour was selected for further nutrient

and bio-chemical analysis. The control sample was

whole wheat flour and experimental sample was

flaxseed powder incorporated wheat flour. In the

macro nutrient analysis, the energy, carbohydrate,

protein, fat and crude fibre were to be more in the

flaxseed incorporated wheat flour compared to whole

wheat flour. There was an appreciable increase in the

amount of micronutrients namely iron, phosphorous,

calcium, zinc and copper in the flaxseed incorporated

wheat flour (5.2 mg, 220 mg, 1.22 mg and 1.12 mg)

than the control. There was a significant decrease in

the moisture content of the experimental sample

compared to control (4.5g and 5.6g). The fifteen

percent flaxseed powder incorporated wheat flour

packed in 400 gauge showed no microbial growth on

the 30th

day, whereas the same sample stored in 200

gauge contain below detectable level of bacteria and

yeast on the 30th

day. Hence it could be concluded

that polyethylene 400 gauge pouch seems to be better

for longer stability than 200 gauge. Bio-chemical

analysis revealed that there was an appreciable

reduction in the mean post prandial glucose level of

diabetic and non-diabetic patients after consuming

flaxseed powder incorporated chapathi

(207mg/100ml and 66mg) than whole wheat flour

(217mg and 79mg). The percentage reduction was

5% in diabetic and 17% in non-diabetic. Hence it

could be concluded that flaxseed seems to be a better

choice for the management of blood sugar level in the

diabetic patients.

A COMPARITIVE STUDY ON THE EFFECT

OF TULSI AND STEVIA IN NON-INSULIN

DEPENDENT DIABETICS

*Agalya.A, M.Sc., **Brighty .D, M.Sc., M.Phil, (Ph.D.)

*(Ph.D. Scholar), ** Assistant professor

Research Department of Home Science

Bharathidasan Government College for women

Puducherry- 605001


Currently, India is the diabetes capital of the world. It

is estimated that over 40 million of those with

diabetes are currently in India and that by 2025 that

number will grow to 70 million. In other words, 1 in

every 5 diabetics in the world will live in India.

Objectives of the study was to create awareness

among type 2 diabetic subjects on the effect of Tulsi

and Stevia through supplementation, to assess

anthropometric measurements, Biochemical tests and

Dietary recall method and to assess the effect of

Stevia and Tulsi on blood glucose level among type 2

diabetic subjects. For the study, Puducherry was

selected, through purposive sampling method; the

sample was selected in the age group of (30-60

years). Anthropometric measurements like BMI,

waist-hip ratio was taken and Biochemical tests like

blood glucose level, and Blood pressure was

assessed. Tulsi and Stevia were given in powder form

for 60 days to experimental group only. About 76.7

percent of the respondents belonged to the age group

of above 45 years. 18.3 per cent – (40-45 years),

only 5 per cent between age group of (35-40 years).

Most of the respondents were under normal BMI

with a 51.7 per cent. 28.3 per cent under overweight

and 20 per cent were suffering from obesity. Nearly

half of the respondents were under high risk with 50

per cent of waist- hip ratio and 28.3 per cent were

under normal condition and 21.7 per cent were under

moderate risk. Hence it was subjected to t- test.

Blood glucose level of experimental group of Tulsi

(sig.p-value= 0.00), was less than 0.05, there is

difference in the blood glucose value level of

experimental group. (Sig.value=0.464 was greater

than 0.05) hence there was no difference in the blood

glucose level of experimental group supplemented

with Stevia. The t-test showed before and after

supplementation of Stevia and Tulsi showed

significant value 0.001 less than 0.05 hence there was

difference in the blood glucose level between Stevia

and Tulsi in the experimental group.

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