merging ground-based and spaceborne insar data to monitor...
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FRINGE 2015 WORKSHOP Advances in the Science and Applications of
SAR interferomtry and Sentinel-1 InSAR Workshop
Merging ground-based and spaceborne InSAR data to monitor earth dams
L. Mascolo(1), G. Nico(2), A. Pitullo(3)
(1) DIAN srl, Matera, Italy (2) Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per le Applicazioni del Calcolo, Bari, Italy
(3) Consorzio di Bonifica di Capitanata, Foggia, Italy
FRINGE 2015 WORKSHOP Advances in the Science and Applications of
SAR interferomtry and Sentinel-1 InSAR Workshop
Outline
• GB and SB-SAR • GBSAR for dam monitoring • Earth dam case study: GB and SB-SAR • 3D displacement reconstruction
FRINGE 2015 WORKSHOP Advances in the Science and Applications of
SAR interferomtry and Sentinel-1 InSAR Workshop
Azimuth synthetic (sub-)aperture
SATELLITE GBSAR
kmH
mL
m
800
10
05.0
mD 500
Horn antennas with 20° beamwidth
Aperture = 4500 m Aperture = 170 m
m018.0
GBSAR systems use a sub-aperture L < 4 m
FRINGE 2015 WORKSHOP Advances in the Science and Applications of
SAR interferomtry and Sentinel-1 InSAR Workshop
Spatial resolution (GBSAR)
Range resolution:
Azimuth resolution:
depending on target distance R, angular position with respect to the centre of the rail and its length (synthetic aperture L)
B
crs
1
2
2cos4L
Rx
FRINGE 2015 WORKSHOP Advances in the Science and Applications of
SAR interferomtry and Sentinel-1 InSAR Workshop
Measuring dam displacements
FRINGE 2015 WORKSHOP Advances in the Science and Applications of
SAR interferomtry and Sentinel-1 InSAR Workshop
Measuring dam displacements
FRINGE 2015 WORKSHOP Advances in the Science and Applications of
SAR interferomtry and Sentinel-1 InSAR Workshop
Down-stream displacement
Dam foot
P(x,y,z)
GBSAR rail
Displacement R measured by GBSAR
C(xR,yR,zR)
Dam
Measuring dam displacements
FRINGE 2015 WORKSHOP Advances in the Science and Applications of
SAR interferomtry and Sentinel-1 InSAR Workshop
P1
P2
P7 P8
P5 P3 P4 P6
Measuring dam displacements
FRINGE 2015 WORKSHOP Advances in the Science and Applications of
SAR interferomtry and Sentinel-1 InSAR Workshop
Measuring dam displacements
FRINGE 2015 WORKSHOP Advances in the Science and Applications of
SAR interferomtry and Sentinel-1 InSAR Workshop
Measuring dam displacements
FRINGE 2015 WORKSHOP Advances in the Science and Applications of
SAR interferomtry and Sentinel-1 InSAR Workshop
Earth dam: GBSAR Installation sites
Right
Left
FRINGE 2015 WORKSHOP Advances in the Science and Applications of
SAR interferomtry and Sentinel-1 InSAR Workshop
Earth dam (1-day GBSAR campaign)
L
R
Coherence Phase Amplitude
12
FRINGE 2015 WORKSHOP Advances in the Science and Applications of
SAR interferomtry and Sentinel-1 InSAR Workshop
Detail installation site (left)
FRINGE 2015 WORKSHOP Advances in the Science and Applications of
SAR interferomtry and Sentinel-1 InSAR Workshop
Detail installation site (right)
FRINGE 2015 WORKSHOP Advances in the Science and Applications of
SAR interferomtry and Sentinel-1 InSAR Workshop
Detail installation site (right)
FRINGE 2015 WORKSHOP Advances in the Science and Applications of
SAR interferomtry and Sentinel-1 InSAR Workshop
Earth dam: CSK SAR data
FRINGE 2015 WORKSHOP Advances in the Science and Applications of
SAR interferomtry and Sentinel-1 InSAR Workshop
Earth dam: CSK SAR data
FRINGE 2015 WORKSHOP Advances in the Science and Applications of
SAR interferomtry and Sentinel-1 InSAR Workshop
(After Catalao et al, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 49(6), 2354-2360, 2011)
Ascending and descending SB SAR data
FRINGE 2015 WORKSHOP Advances in the Science and Applications of
SAR interferomtry and Sentinel-1 InSAR Workshop
The components of unit vectors u (ua or ud), respectively, along the West-East, South-North, and vertical directions, are given in terms of the local radar incidence angles (a or d) and ground-track azimuthal angles (a or d) as
cos2
cossin
2sinsin
Z
N
E
u
u
u
The three components of the terrain displacement velocity v ={vE, vN, vZ} are usually estimated by minimizing the energy function
where
dai
Z
i
ZN
i
NE
i
E
i
PS vuvuvuvE,
2
d
PSva
PSv and are the velocities along the ascending and descending orbits
Ascending and descending SB SAR data
FRINGE 2015 WORKSHOP Advances in the Science and Applications of
SAR interferomtry and Sentinel-1 InSAR Workshop
The first derivatives of energy E with respect to each component of the unknown Terrain displacement velocit v set to zero so obtaining the following linear equation
d
GPS
d
Z
a
GPS
a
Z
d
GPS
d
N
a
GPS
a
N
d
GPS
d
E
a
GPS
a
E
Z
N
E
d
Z
a
Z
d
N
d
Z
a
N
a
Z
d
E
d
Z
a
E
a
Z
d
Z
d
N
a
Z
a
N
d
N
a
N
d
E
d
N
a
E
a
N
d
Z
d
E
a
Z
a
E
d
N
d
E
a
N
a
E
d
E
a
E
vuvu
vuvu
vuvu
v
v
v
uuuuuuuuuu
uuuuuuuuuu
uuuuuuuuuu
22
22
22
avM
The matrix M depends could be ill-conditioned for look an track angle values of Spaceborne SAR missions
Ascending and descending SB SAR data
FRINGE 2015 WORKSHOP Advances in the Science and Applications of
SAR interferomtry and Sentinel-1 InSAR Workshop
XuX+ YuY+ ZuZ
XuX+ YuY+ ZuZ
XuX+ YuY+ ZuZ
DXuX+ DYuY+ DZuZ
S
XuX+ YuY+ ZuZ
XuX+ YuY+ ZuZ
XuX+ YuY+ ZuZ
DXuX+ DYuY+ DZuZ
S
SX
BKu
AKu
S
B
A
Z
Y
X
ZYX
ZYX
ZYX
d
d
d
D
D
D
4
4
4
Earth dam: GB and SB-SAR data
FRINGE 2015 WORKSHOP Advances in the Science and Applications of
SAR interferomtry and Sentinel-1 InSAR Workshop
Z
N
E
L R
GBSAR
L
GBSAR
L
GBSAR
L
GBSAR
L
GBSAR
L
L
ru
sin
sincos
coscos
GBSAR
R
GBSAR
R
GBSAR
R
GBSAR
R
GBSAR
R
R
ru
sin
sincos
coscos
SATELLITE
p
SAT
SAT
L R
Earth dam: GB and SB SAR data
FRINGE 2015 WORKSHOP Advances in the Science and Applications of
SAR interferomtry and Sentinel-1 InSAR Workshop
Geolocation and merging
FRINGE 2015 WORKSHOP Advances in the Science and Applications of
SAR interferomtry and Sentinel-1 InSAR Workshop
Conclusions and future work
• An experiment has been carried out to merge GB and SB-SAR data to reconstruct the 3D displacement velocities. • Results could be useful to set a protocol for the monitoring of dams • The future work will focus on using 3D displacement information provided by InSAR in dam modelling