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Resea rc hCorpora t i on

3437 SW 24th Avenue Fax: 352-378-6483Gainesville, FL 32607 E-mail: [email protected]: 352-372-0436 Web: www.abcr.com

A FOOD TESTING LABORATORY SINCE 1967

April 20, 2006

Ms. Ruwani RajakarunaAssistant Manager - Development (Latex)R & D CenterRichard Pieris & Co. Ltd.310 Highlevel RdNawinna,Maharagama,Sri-Lanka

Tel: +94 (0)11 4310500Fax: +94 (0)11 2804787e-mail: [email protected]

Dear Ruwani,

Please find enclosed a proposal for the project entitled “Evaluation of the Antibacterial Efficacy of a Foam Rubber Product Against Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.”

Please let me know if you have any questions. We at ABC Research appreciate this opportunity towork with you and Richard Pieris & Co. again.

Sincerely,

James E. (Ken) Kennedy, Jr., Ph.D.Vice President, Research MicrobiologyABC Research Corp.

Enclosure:

Resea rc hCorpora t i on

3437 SW 24th Avenue Fax: 352-378-6483Gainesville, FL 32607 E-mail: [email protected]: 352-372-0436 Web: www.abcr.com

A FOOD TESTING LABORATORY SINCE 1967

PROJECT REPORTRESEARCH MICROBIOLOGY DEPARTMENT

DATE: April 20, 2006

PREPARED FOR: Richard Pieris & Co. Ltd.

CLIENT CONTACT: Ms. Ruwani Rajakaruna

TITLE: Evaluation of the Antibacterial Efficacy of a Foam Rubber Product AgainstStaphylococcus aureus, E. coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH:

A. TEST MATERIALS

The client provided an approximately 3 ft square sample of the subject foam rubber product(manufactured by Richard Pieris Natural Foams, Ltd.) for testing. The sample was sealed in aplastic bag that was packaged in a box for shipment.

B. TEST MICROORGANISMS

Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC #8095), E. coli (ATCC #25992) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa(ATCC #15442) were used in the study. Each bacterial culture was individually propagated viaat least two serial transfers Trypticase Soy broth (TSB) and incubated at 35°C for 24 h beforethe experiment. Each culture was diluted in sterile 0.1% peptone buffer to obtain a cellsuspension having approx. 106 CFU/mL. The inoculum suspension for each culture wasenumerated at time-0 (see section D). The working inoculum concentrations for E. coli, S.aureus and P. aeruginosa were 1.1 x 106, 1.2 x 106 and 9.3 x 104, respectively.

C. TEST PROCEDURES:

The foam sample was cut into square pieces (i.e., approximate L x W x H = 2 x 2 x 0.5 in.)for the antimicrobial efficacy tests. A method similar to that described in a paper by W. N.Poh (Elastomerics, 1989) was used. For each bacterial inoculum, four foam pieces were eachplaced in a separate sterile petri dish. Each foam piece was inoculated by adding 0.5 ml of theinoculum suspension to the foam surface in a series of small droplets to obtain an inoculumof approximately 5 x 105 bacterial cells per piece. Two foam pieces for each inoculum wereanalyzed immediately after inoculation to establish initial (Time-0) counts. Two emptyplastic petri dishes were also inoculated with 0.5 ml each of the inoculum suspension to serveas inoculum (positive) controls. The foam samples along with the control petri dishes wereplaced in covered containers along with water to maintain humidity during incubation at35C for 24 h. The samples were analyzed after 24 h for surviving microorganisms.

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D. MICROBIAL ANALYSES

For the inoculum counts at time-0, each working inoculum was serially diluted as required andplated in duplicate on Tryptic Soy Agar (TSA) plates. For foam pieces, the samples wereaseptically removed from the petri dish and placed in a sterile stomacher bag along with 9.5 mlof sterile diluent (Butterfield’s phosphate buffer, BPB). Samples were stomached for 1 min. andthe foam sample rinsate serially diluted as required. For the control dishes, sterile diluent (9.5ml) was added to the petri dish and the diluent suspension thoroughly rinsed. The control(petri dish) rinsate was serially diluted in BPB as required. The rinsates were analyzed viaduplicate surface plating aliquots of appropriate serial dilutions onto pre-poured plates of TSAwith incubation at 35°C for 24 h.

RESULTS:

Results of the antimicrobial efficacy evaluation of the natural latex foam rubber productmanufactured by “Richard Pieris Natural Foams Ltd.” are presented in Table1.

The mean E. coli level on the foam was reduced from 5.78 to <0.70 log10 CFU/sample after24 h exposure at 35°C. This represents an E. coli reduction of greater than 5.08 log10 units (or>99.9992%). In contrast, the E. coli inoculum did not change significantly on the controlsample (plastic surface of petri dish) over 24 h at 35°C.

The mean S. aureus level on the foam was reduced from 6.44 to <1.85 log10 CFU/sampleafter 24 h exposure at 35°C. This represents a S. aureus reduction of greater than 4.59 log10

units (or >99.997%). In contrast, the S. aureus inoculum did not change significantly on thecontrol sample over 24 h at 35°C.

The mean P. aeruginosa level on the foam was reduced from 6.06 to <0.70 log10

CFU/sample after 24 h exposure at 35°C. This represents a P. aeruginosa reduction ofgreater than 5.36 log10 units (or >99.9996%). In contrast, the P. aeruginosa inoculum did notchange significantly on the control sample over 24 h at 35°C.

In summary, the natural latex foam rubber sample product manufactured by “Richard PierisNatural Foams Ltd.” demonstrated a significant antimicrobial property in reducing the viablelevels of each microorganism (i.e., E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonasaeruginosa) by more than 99.99% within a 24 h exposure time at 35°C.

PREPARED BY: _______________________James E. (Ken) Kennedy, Ph.D.Vice President, Research MicrobiologyABC Research Corp.

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Table 1. Antimicrobial Efficacy Evaluation of Natural Latex Foam Rubber Product.

E. coli Counts S. aureus Counts Ps. aeruginosa CountsSample (Time) CFU/sample Log10 /sample CFU/sample Log10 /sample CFU/sample Log10 /sample

Foam Rep 1 660,000 5.82 790,000 5.90 1,100,000 6.04(Time 0) Rep 2 560,000 5.75 9,400,000 6.97 1,200,000 6.08

Mean 5.78 6.44 6.06Std. Dev. 0.05 0.76 0.03

Foam Rep 1 <5 <0.70 <5 <0.70 <5 <0.70(Time-24 h) Rep 2 <5 <0.70 1,000 3.00 <5 <0.70

Mean <0.70 1.85 <0.70Std. Dev. 0.00 1.63 0.00

Reduction >5.08 >4.59 >5.36% Reduction >99.9992 >99.997 >99.9996

Control Rep 1 500,000 5.70 710,000 5.85 380,000 5.58(Time-0) Rep 2 580,000 5.76 500,000 5.70 550,000 5.74

Mean 5.73 5.78 5.66Std. Dev. 0.05 0.11 0.11

Control Rep 1 610,000 5.79 990,000 6.00 720,000 5.86(Time-24 h) Rep 2 660,000 5.82 910,000 5.96 650,000 5.81

Mean 5.80 5.98 5.84Std. Dev. 0.02 0.03 0.03Change +0.07 +0.20 +0.18

Notes: 1) Reduction = {Foam (time-0) mean log10 CFU/sample} - {Foam (time-24 h) mean log10 CFU/sample};percentage reductions based upon log mean counts.

2) Change = {Control (time-24 h) mean log10 CFU/sample} - {Control (time-0) mean log10 CFU/sample}3) <5 CFU/sample indicates no recovery at the limit of sensitivity (5 CFU/sample)

Dr. Frank Kuebart Dipl.-Chem./M.Env.Sc. Vanessa Laumann

eco-institut.de

Zertifizierte ProdukteCertified products Produits certifiés

100 % Natural Latex Foam* *This certification is valid only for the foam. Any other materials that might be used in combination with the foam (e.g. cover materials, adhesives) are excluded from the certification.

ProbenartKind of sample

Type d'échantillon

Latex Foam Pillow & Latex Foam Mattress

Hersteller / VertriebManufacturer / Distributor

Fabricant / Service commercial

Richard Pieris Natural Foams Ltd No: 310, High Level Road, Nawinna, Maharagama, Sri Lanka

ZertifizierungsnummerNumber of certificateNuméro de certificat

ID 0410-12826-001

PrüfberichtsnummerNumber of test report

N° du rapport de contrôle

51466-001-002

PrüfumfangTest program

Programme du contrôle

Laborprüfung auf gesundheitlich bedenkliche Emissionen und Inhaltsstoffe.

Tested on hazardous emissions and components.

Contrôle en laboratoire des émissions et composants critiques pour la santé.

Prüfergebnis

Test result Résultat du contrôle

Die untersuchten Produkte erfüllen die Anforderungen des eco-INSTITUT. Einzelheiten siehe zugehöriges Gutachten.

The products fulfill the eco-INSTITUT test criteria. For further details see the respective report.

Les produits respectent les exigences en vigueur du eco-INSTITUT. Pour les détails, cf. expertise du produit.

Gültigkeit des Zertifikats Validity of the certificate

Validité du certificat

09 / 2018

Köln, 23.09.2016

SATRA Technology Centre Ltd, SATRA House Rockingham Road, Kettering Northants NN16 9JH, United Kingdom Tel: +44 (0) 1536 410000 Fax: +44 (0) 1536 410626 e-mail: [email protected]

(Page 1 of 3)

SATRA Technology Centre Ltd - Registered in England No. 3856296 Notified Body for testing and certification of PPE Reference No. 0321

Firm: Richard Pieris Natural Foams Ltd Export Processing Zone Biyagama Malwana SRI LANKA

For the attention of: Wasantha Abeysirigunawardena

Technical Services Report

Subject: IGNITABILITY TEST Our ref: FUR0145615/JMS/JPR Your ref: Latex foam Date sample received: 29/11/06 Date: 8th December 2006

Conditions of Issue: This report may be forwarded to other parties provided that it is not changed in any way. It must not be published, for example by including it in advertisements, without the prior, written permission of SATRA. Results given in this report refer only to the samples submitted for analysis and tested by SATRA. Comments are for guidance only. Tests marked † fall outside the UKAS Accreditation Schedule for SATRA. All interpretations of results of such tests and the comments based upon them are outside the scope of UKAS accreditation and are based on current SATRA knowledge. A satisfactory test report in no way implies that the product tested is approved by SATRA and no warranty is given as to the performance of the product tested. SATRA shall not be liable for any subsequent loss or damage incurred by the client as a result of information supplied in the report.


Richard Pieris Natural Foams Ltd Signed: J M Shipman FUR0145615/JMS/JPR Date sample received: 29/11/06 Business Area Manager 8th December 2006 (Page 2 of 3) Furniture Technology Centre

TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF BUSINESS 1. GENERAL

Work done or services undertaken are subject to the terms and conditions detailed below and all other conditions, warranties and representations, expressed or implied are hereby excluded.

2. PRICES

Prices are based on current material and production costs, exchange rates, duty and freight and are subject to change without notice.

3. DELIVERY ESTIMATES

Delivery estimates are made in good faith and date from receipt of a written order and full information to enable us to proceed. While we make every effort to fulfil them, such estimates are subject to unforeseen events and if not maintained, cannot give rise to any claim. Offers “ex stock” are subject to prior sale.

4. CANCELLATION AND RETURNS

Cancellation of orders for goods, services, training or consultancy are only acceptable by prior agreement of SATRA or its subsidiaries (hereafter called The Centre) and a charge will normally be made.

5. CLAIMS Claims for errors, shortages etc should be notified within 10 days of date of receipt. In the event of goods damaged in transit, packing materials should be retained for examination, otherwise no liability can be accepted.

6. PAYMENT TERMS Payment terms are net 21 days from date of invoice. Failure to comply with the terms of payment may result in delayed delivery of goods and services and a review of your credit account. Should the customer become subject to an administration order, or becomes bankrupt or goes into liquidation, The Centre has a right to cancel any contract and discontinue any work.

7. RETENTION OF TITLE All goods remain the property of The Centre until paid in full. Under no circumstances will a customer’s purchase order override our Retention of Title clause. In the case of software, the ownership of the software remains with The Centre. Payment of invoices in full will entitle the customer to use the software under licence until (a) they cease to be a member of The Centre or (b) they cease trading. In both instances, the licence shall then revert to The Centre.

8. GUARANTEE All goods manufactured by us are guaranteed both as regards material and workmanship. Any part returned carriage paid, within twelve months from date of supply and found defective, will be repaired or replaced at our option free of charge. We admit no liability for loss, damage or delay consequent on any defect in any goods supplied by us. Any goods supplied but not made by The Centre carry only the maker’s guarantee.

9. RESPONSIBILITY Every effort is made to ensure accuracy in description, drawings and other information in correspondence, catalogues, etc but no warranty is given in this respect and we shall not be liable for any error therein. The Centre carries out all tests and/or advises only on the basis that the same are carried out, made or given without any responsibility whether for negligence or otherwise. The Centre and its servants or agents will not be liable for any damage or loss direct or indirect of whatsoever kind, whether or not the same results directly or indirectly from negligence on the part of The Centre or its servants or agents.

10. CONFIDENTIALITY Unless specifically excluded in the terms of an individual contract between The Centre and its client, the following shall apply to all reports, advice, drawings, photographs, specifications or data: i. The above shall not be disclosed to third parties or used in litigation without the consent of The Centre. ii. Where The Centre has given consent to disclosure, the client shall draw the attention of the third party to these terms of

business and the basis on which The Centre undertakes test, reporting and advising. The client shall indemnify The Centre for any failure to do so.

iii. The above items are submitted to the client as confidential documents. Confidentiality shall continue to apply after completion of the business, but shall cease to apply to information or knowledge which may come into the public domain.

11. CONSTRUCTION AND ARBITRATION

The laws of England shall govern all contracts and the parties submit to exclusive jurisdiction of the courts of England, unless otherwise agreed.


Testing and report by T Notley on 04/12/06 Richard Pieris Natural Foams Ltd Signed: J M Shipman FUR0145615/JMS/JPR Date sample received: 29/11/06 Business Area Manager 8th December 2006 (Page 3 of 3) Furniture Technology Centre

Ignitability test for rubber latex foam according to Schedule 1 Part III of the Furniture and Furnishings (Fire) (Safety) Regulations 1988, amended 1989 and 1993, (SI 1988/No.1324, SI 1989/No.2358, SI 1993/No.207) Sample Identification A rubber latex foam identified by the client as: Latex foam (3067420915) The tests were carried out using a 220g/m² flame retardant polyester fabric which deviates in part from the specification stated in Schedule 1 Part III of the Regulations. Although this fabric does not fully meet the specification laid down in the Regulations, this was regarded as having no significant effect on the test. Conditioning 5 days at 20 ± 5°C and 50 ± 20%rh. Procedure The test, based on BS 5852: Part 2: 1982, was carried out as described in Schedule 1 Part III of the Regulations using ignition source 2. A separate test assembly was used for each application. Results and observations The following test results relate only to the ignitability of the combination of upholstery composites under the particular conditions of test; they are not intended as a means of assessing the fully potential fire hazard of the materials in use. First application: The flames self-extinguished 21 seconds after removal of the flaming source and

smouldering ceased 17 seconds later. Second application: The flames self-extinguished 13 seconds after removal of the flaming source and

smouldering ceased 15 seconds later. On the basis of the tests carried out as described, it is the opinion of this laboratory that this sample of rubber latex foam would MEET the requirements of Schedule 1 Part III of the Furniture and Furnishings (Fire) (Safety) Regulations 1988, (amended 1989 and 1993).

Stork Twin City Testing Corporation

Information and statements in this report are derived from material, information and/or specifications furnished by the client and exclude any expressed or implied warranties as to the fitness of the material tested or analyzed for any particular purpose or use. This report is the confidential property of our client and may not be used for advertising purposes. This report shall not be reproduced except in full, without written approval of this laboratory. The recording of false, fictitious or fraudulent statements or entries on this document may be punished as a felony under Federal Statutes including Federal Law Title 18, Chapter 47.

BODY INTERFACE PRESSURE IMAGING TEST

CONDUCTED ON A “LATEX CORE” MATTRESS

Prepared for: RICHARD PIERIS NATURAL FOAMS LTD

Attn: Ms. Ruwani Rajakaruna Export Processing Zone

Biyagama, Malwana, Sri-Lanka

PROJECT NUMBER: 30160 06-74522 PAGE: 1 of 6 DATE: March 27, 2006 STORK TWIN CITY TESTING CORPORATION 662 Cromwell Avenue St. Paul, Minnesota 55114 Client Purchase Order Number: Prepaid

Prepared by: Reviewed by: Jason Harber Brent L. Larson Engineering Technician Project Engineer Product Evaluation Department Bedding Evaluations Services Phone: (651) 659-7275 The test results contained in this report pertain only to the samples submitted for testing and not necessarily to all similar products.

Stork Twin City Testing Corporation PROJECT NUMBER: 30160 06-74522 PAGE: 2 of 6

DATE: March 27, 2006


BODY INTERFACE PRESSURE IMAGING TEST INTRODUCTION: This report documents the results of interface pressure imaging conducted on a “Latex Core” Mattress submitted by Richard Pieris Natural Foams Ltd. This work was requested by Ms. Ruwani Rajakaruna of Richard Pieris natural Foams Ltd with the testing and data analysis completed March 27, 2006. TEST RESULTS SUMMARY: “Standard Pad” Mattress – Interface Pressures (mm Hg) Subject (1) (2) (3) ALL

Scapula Maximum 33 41 35 41 Average 20 23 22 22 St.Deviation 4.3 5.4 3.2 4.6

Sacral Maximum 38 37 37 38 Prominence Average 30 31 31 31

St.Deviation 4.3 3.4 3.2 3.7

Heel Maximum 64 75 39 75 Average 21 22 16 20 St.Deviation 17.3 20.2 10.4 16.3

Trochanter Maximum 69 91 88 91 Average 52 56 58 55 St.Deviation 6.6 12.0 16.9 12.7

It is the policy of Stork Twin City Testing Corporation (Stork/TCT) to use recognized test procedures whenever possible, such as ASTM, ANSI, ISO etc. To TCT’s knowledge, no standard procedure exists for interface body contact pressure testing at the present time. The test method employed for this analysis is based on sound laboratory practice. The equipment used for the evaluation was calibrated and used in accordance with the manufacturer's specifications. SAMPLE IDENTIFICATION: One “Latex Core” Mattress was submitted for testing. The physical properties of the unit are listed below:

75 ½” x 38” x 6” – 52 lbs




TEST PROCEDURE: An Xsensor pressure imaging system was employed for conducting this evaluation. The mattress was placed onto a sturdy laboratory surface. Three subjects were used for the analysis and selected according to specific weight and height ranges. The subjects were dressed in an appropriate size cotton sweat suit with no shoes to ensure optimum contact with the full surface sensor matrix. Two positions were employed: back lying and ninety degree side lying – the subjects acclimated into the mattress for five minutes prior to the measurement (see color pressure maps at the end of this report). The subjects weight, height and gender are listed below: Subject Height Weight Sex

1 5' 4" 125 lbs F 2 5' 6" 180 lbs M 3 6' 1" 205 lbs M

REMARKS: The maximum values were obtained from each individual pressure point. A 4" by 5" area representing 63 individual sensors was used to isolate and average the pressure points. As a result, out of a possible 63 pressure readings the maximum values were determined by the highest pressure reading per body location. The test sample(s) will be discarded 15 days from the issue date of this report unless otherwise notified. F:\Product\MMFILES\BLL\30160 06-74522.doc

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