mental functioning ontology and the international classification of functions and disabilities
TRANSCRIPT
Mental Functioning Ontology and the ICF
Barry SmithOctober 1, 2012
Basic Formal Ontology
2
BFO:Entity
BFO:Continuant BFO:Occurrent
BFO:ProcessBFO:Independent Continuant
BFO
BFO:Dependent Continuant
BFO:Disposition
Basic Formal Ontology and Mental Functioning Ontology (MFO)
3
BFO:Entity
BFO:Continuant BFO:Occurrent
BFO:Process
Organism
BFO:Independent Continuant
BFOMFO
BFO:Dependent Continuant
Behaviour inducing state
Mental Functioning Related Anatomical
Structure
Cognitive Representation
BFO:Quality
Affective Representation
Mental Process
Bodily ProcessBFO:Disposition
Basic Formal Ontology and Mental Functioning Ontology (MFO)
4
BFO:Entity
BFO:Continuant BFO:Occurrent
BFO:Process
Organism
BFO:Independent Continuant
BFOMFO
BFO:Dependent Continuant
Behaviour inducing state
Mental Functioning Related Anatomical
Structure
Cognitive Representation
BFO:Quality
Affective Representation
Mental Process
Bodily ProcessBFO:Disposition
Functions vs. FunctioningsContinuants vs. Occurrents
55
BFO:Entity
BFO:Continuant BFO:Occurrent
BFO:Process
Organism
BFO:Independent Continuant
BFOMFO
BFO:Dependent Continuant
Mental Function
Cognitive Representation
BFO:QualityMental Process
Bodily ProcessBFO:Disposition
Mental Functioning
Aboutness (‘Intentionality’)
6
BFO:Entity
BFO:Continuant BFO:Occurrent
BFO:Process
Organism
BFO:Independent Continuant
BFOMFO
BFO:Dependent Continuant
Mental Function
Cognitive Representation
BFO:QualityMental Process
Bodily ProcessBFO:Disposition
Mental Functioning
does all mental functioning involve cognitive representation (aboutness)?
what is aboutness?
Mental Functioning Ontology (MF)
7
Linguistic Functioning Ontology (1. Speech and hearing)
8
8
BFO:Entity
BFO:Continuant BFO:Occurrent
BFO:ProcessBFO:Independent Continuant
BFOMFO
BFO:Dependent Continuant
Behaviour inducing state
Cognitive Representation
BFO:Quality
Speech-mediated cognitive
representation
Speech process
Bodily ProcessBFO:Disposition
Linguistic competence
Speech competence of a population
= a [spoken] languageSpeech competence of
an individual
Hearing (registering)
process
Linguistic Functioning Ontology (2. Reading and writing)
9
9
BFO:Entity
BFO:Continuant BFO:Occurrent
BFO:ProcessBFO:Independent Continuant
BFOMFO
BFO:Dependent Continuant
Behaviour inducing state
Cognitive Representation
BFO:Quality
Written-language-mediated cognitive
representation
Writing process
Bodily ProcessBFO:Disposition
Linguistic competence
Written linguistic competence of a
population = a [written] language
Written linguistic competence of an
individual
Reading (registering)
process
Linguistic Functioning Ontology (the whole thing)
10
10
BFO:Entity
BFO:Continuant BFO:Occurrent
BFO:ProcessBFO:Independent Continuant
BFOMFO
BFO:Dependent Continuant
Behaviour inducing state
Cognitive Representation
BFO:Quality
Language-mediated cognitive
representation
Writing
Bodily ProcessBFO:Disposition
Linguistic competence
Linguistic competence of a population
= a language Linguistic competence of an individual
Reading
Speaking
How to build MF±Language
First idea: Along what dimensions human beings can depart from normal (‘canonical’) mental and linguistic functioning?
11
http://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/45578/
12
from WHO | World Health Organization
For ICD mental function is a subtype of body function
ICD definition of ‘Body functions’: Body functions are the physiological functions of body systems (including psychological functions).
Impairments are problems in body function or structure as a significant deviation or loss.
13
http://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/45578/
14
http://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/45578/
15
Definition of ‘Mental Functions’
Definitions: 'This chapter is about the functions of the brain: both global mental functions, such as consciousness, energy and drive, and specific mental functions, such as memory, language and calculation mental functions.'
16
17
18
Quality ≠ Function
19
20
21
Dreaming?
22
http://apps.who.int/classifications/icd10/browse/2010/en#/F44.8
23
http://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/45578/
24
http://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/45578/
25
26
Ontological traffic rule:always use singular nouns 27
28
29
Mental Functioning Ontology (MF)
30
Mental Functioning Ontology (MF)
31
Definitions: 'Specific mental functions of focusing on an external stimulus or internal experience for the required period of time.'
32
33
Mental Functioning Ontology (MF)
34
braininendocrine
gland
35
Mental Functioning Ontology (MF)
36
Mental Functioning Ontology (MF)
37
braininolfactory system
38
Mental Functioning Ontology (MF)
39
braininolfactory system
Again, confusion of function and quality40
41
Integrative language functionsDefinitions: 'Mental functions that organize semantic and symbolic meaning, grammatical structure and ideas for the production of messages in spoken, written or other forms of language.'
42
WHO ICF Pro
Performs an amazingly difficult task of unifying public data across the planet (Versions in 5 different languages, plus Youth Version)Serves billing task in US
43http://apps.who.int/classifications/icfbrowser/
WHO ICF Con
Use of ‘other’ and other features make it is not future proof (will not evolve gracefully with advances in neurosciencePoor or absent definitions will mean inconsistent annotation of dataLack of logical definitions would mean poor support for computational reasoning with data that is annotated
45
Strategy for MF Ontology
• Ensure that the ontology is developed in conformity with basic biology ontologies such as the Gene Ontology
• Provide human-readable definitions for each term to ensure consistent annotation
• Provide logical definitions to support reasoning with data
46
http://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/49078/
47
Examples fromMF-Emotion Ontology
48
‘emotion process’
need link to a physiology ontology49
‘physiological response to emotion’