MEMORY OF THE WORLD REGISTER

NOMINATION FORM

Kazakhstan - Manuscript "Shah-name" of Firdousi in the Eastern-Turkic dialect (Chagatai)

PART A - ESSENTIAL INFORMATION

1. ResumeThe world history is full of formidable events and periods. In these epochs the most advanced

representatives of their times poignantly and strongly felt the dramatic situations of their epoch andcreated the great creations of human spirit. To such works that reflect in highly artistic form thespiritual and public rise of the peoples, belongs also "Shah-name" by the genius Firdausi.

The manuscript presented by the National library of the Republic of Kazakhstan is the translationof the work "Shah-name" into the Eastern-Turkic (Chagatai) language. From time immemorial, theKazakhs highly valued the poetical word. The people especially loved the epic works that brought upcourage, heroism, nobleness, devotion, better feelings. Firdausi had great cultural influence upon thepoetic creativity of the Kazakh people. The poem "Shah-name" occupies a special place in thespiritual culture of the Kazakh people. It had huge influence upon the minds of the people. Whateverdistances might separate the peoples from each other, the best specimens of their literatures willfind ways of inter-penetration. The all-human and international character of literature is expressedfirst of all in that the literary creativity of the peoples cannot exist in isolation, without influencingeach other. Consequently, the literary links are the lawful product of the general world literaryprocess. The main reason for the translating of such a grandiose work was the influence upon theconsciousness of the nomadic population of the Central Asia, because it praised the courage,nobleness, devotion and better feelings for the Motherland.

The manuscript, according to the researchers, is a copy of the original executed by order of theruler of Yarkend city (in Eastern Turkestan) Yakub Khodzha who ruled in Eastern Turkestan in the 30-40s of the XVIII century during the years of "The great tribulation" (Aktaban shubyryndy), when thenomadic population of Kazakhstan and Eastern Turkestan suffered from constant inroads andplunders of the Djungars. In the years of "Aktaban shubyryndy" (The years of great tribulation) thenomadic population of Central Asia collected ancient narratives, translated the Old-Irani, Arabicbooks, they used in their verses the ideas, images and motives of fight between good and evil. Thetranslation of "Shah-name" was the spur for the people in the fight against the Djungar invasion. Ithad great influence in the minds of the people.

The poet Firdausi lived and worked in Eastern Iran which in those distant times was part of thestate of the Samanides. The political and cultural centers were the cities Bukhara and Samarkand.

In 994 like it is told in the concluding part of "Shah-name", Firdausi finished the first incompleteedition of his work. During the long years when he was writing "Shah-name", he experienced hunger,cold and cruel poverty.

Upon the first editing the poet, judging by the data from the primary sources and the text of"Shah-name" itself, was working in the course of twenty years and only when he was very old hereceived the remuneration for his truly titanic work. In those times the rulers paid poets only for theworks dedicated to them. But Firdausi turned out to be in an unenviable position: in the year of 922(i.e. two years before the completion of the first editing of "Shah-name") Bukhara - the capital of theSamanides with whose policy agreed the ideas and meaning of the epopee and whose patronage thepoet had all the grounds of attaining, was conquered by the Karakhanides1 - the leaders of the

1 Karakhanides - the Turkic dynasty which ruled in Middle Asia in the XI and XII cc. This dynasty was called so by the Oriental specialistGrigoryev after the name of the khan (Kara-khan) who turned to Islam: the numismatist Tornberg called her Ilekami by the title of theseowners ; others called them Uigir khans of Turkestan (Fren), Turkestan khans (Munedjim-bashi). The outstanding head of this dynasty wasBogra-khan who wore the title Shakhab-ad-Daula (the star of the state) and the Moslem name Kharun. He took away Maverannakhr from theSamanide Nukh and the successor of Bogra-khan. Shams ad-Daula (the sun of the state) Ilek-il-khan, put an end to the Samanides. The

nomadic tribes from the Semirechye. The hopes of Firdausi were not predestined to be fulfilled buthe did not finish working and started the second editing, whose volume was almost twice in sizecompared with the original and which was finished in 1010. By this time the Samanides as the rulersof Khorasan and part of Middle Asia were replaced by the mighty ruler sultan Makhmud Gaznavi(997-1030), who became famous as the cruel conqueror of Northern India. He rejected the creationof Firdausi.

"Shah-name" is a huge epopee in verses. In the course of the millennia the poem was copiedmany times, and the medieval copyists not being excessively finicky in the issues of copyright,treated the text like they pleased so that the number of beits in different variations of "Shah-name"vacillates from forty to one hundred twenty thousand.

The composition of "Shah-name" is the following: the poem consists from descriptions of fiftyreigns, beginning from the legendary tsars and ending with historical personalities. These are - "Thelegendary tsars", "The narration about Zakkak", "Zal and Zubada", "Rustam and Sukhrab","Siyavush'V'Farud", "Rustam and Akvandiv", "Bizhan and Manizha", "The seven feats of Isfandiyar","Rustam and lsfandiayr","lskandar", "Ardashir Babakan", "Bakhram Gur", "Mazdak", "The invasion ofthe Arabs". The researchers divide "Shah-name" into three parts: 1) the mythological (before theappearance of the Systan heroes); 2) the heroic (before Iskandar); 3) the historical.

The primary thought of "Shah-name" - is the glorification of the native country, the exultanthymn to the Motherland, the call for the unification of separated forces, the centralization of powerin the name of rebuffing external invasions, for the good of the country.

2.0. DETAILS OF THE NOMINATOR2.1. Name:National library of the Republic Kazakhstan, Committee on culture of the Ministry of culture andinformation of the Republic of Kazakhstan

2.2. Relationship to the documentary heritage nominated: CustodianThe Department of rare books and manuscripts of the National library of the Republic of Kazakhstan

2.3. Contact person (s) (for submitting information about the nomination)Balabekova G.K., Director-General of the National library of the Republic Kazakhstan

2.4. Information about the contact person (s):Surname/name/patronymic: Balabekova Gulissa KabarovnaAddress: Republic of Kazakhstan, 050013 Almaty city, Abai av., 14Tel.: +7-727-2672883Fax: +7-727-2672883E-mail: balabekova@nlrk.kz

3.0. IDENTITY AND DESCRIPTION OF THE DOCUMENTARY HERITAGE3.1. Name and full address/ place of storage of the nominated material:National library of the Republic of Kazakhstan, 050013 Almaty city, Abai av., 14 /Department of rare books and manuscripts of the National library of the Republic of Kazakhstan

3.2. Description (catalogue or registration data):Manuscript code: 338Name of the manuscript: "Shah-nama" ("The book about the shahs")Author: Abulkasim FirdausiCopyist:

capital of the Karakhanides in Maverannakhr was Bukhara, after that Samarkand. The end to the Karakhanides came by the shakh ofKhoresm Alladin Mukhammed approximately in 1210.

Translator: Shakh-Khizhran Kalyandar bin Nizameddin KhodjaContent: eposYear of copying: 1275 hijra = 1859 ADLanguage: the Eastern-Turkic dialect (Chagatai)Handwriting:Number of sheets: 1056 pagesNumber of volumes: 1Binder:Beginning:

| 2LU1)

»_Ja (_JJ_>J (__ AjLilS jjijjT ''''J,' A j . (Jj uJU3 Aj

AJJJ

J i r\ If-

End:

Inventory N°: 1956Size: 50x30x9 cmWeight: 6,500 kgPaper: Chinese

Additional information: The translation into the Eastern-Turkic dialect (Chagatai language2) ofTurkestan was made by the orders of Yakub-Khodja (Khodja Dzhakhan) the son of Daniyal-Khodja3,the ruler of of Yarkend4, the contemporary of the Djungar khan khuntaishy Tsevang Rabdan (1663-1727). On the first page of the manuscript there is an inscription in the Kazakh language in Arabicscript that says "The given translation of the great work "Shah-name" "Rustem dastan" was donated

2 The Chagatai language or Chagatai Turki is the medieval Middle-Asian Turkic written-literary language which attained the fullestcompletion and uniformity as the classical language in the Timuride districts of Maverannakhr in the 2-nd half of the XV-th and XVl-thcenturies.

The modern Uzbek and Uigur Languages are the direct continuation of the Chagatai language [3].It imbibed the Arabic-Persian vocabulary and many foreign dialectic forms stilulated by the proximity of residence and active contacts

between representatives of the Karluck, Kypchak and Oguz groups of the Turkick dialects, become the superdialectic language. The Turkic-lingual Krimea-dwellers till the end of the XlX-th century called «Chagatai» their own language.

Written literature on the basis of the Arabic script.Among the Turkic-study specialists there is no unity towards the Chagatai language and determination of its temporary boundaries, but it

is accepted that people wrote in it in the Middle Asia, beginning from the Xlll-XIV-th cc. and practically to the beginning of the XX-thcentury. It was the language of international communication in Middle Asia. It originates from the Uigur-Karakhanide language.

From the end of the XV-th century there is a tendency in the Chagatai language of departing from the Old-Uigur Karakhanide literarytradition and nearing the popular language of the ancestors of the modern Uzbeks. At this time there in the grammatical system of the literarylanguage appeared the traits of transition to the modern Uzbek language [4].

Since the Chagatai language lies in the basis of the modern literary Uzbek and Uigur languages, it is sometimes called the Old-Uzbek orthe Old-Uigur language.

In the historical work «Tarikh-i Kashgar» there is an information about the invitation by Daniyal-khodja of the Kazakh sultan Esim(Ishim) as a Chingizide to sit on the throne of Yarkend in the troubled period, when there in Eastern Turkestan was extinguished the dynastyof Chagataides. This Daniyal-khodja, the descendent of Khodja Iskhak Uali, the founder of the Chernogorsk sect (Iskhakiyiya) of the Sufiorder Nakshbandiyiya in Eastern Turkestan at the beginning of the XVIII-th c. was called from Khodjent by Mukhammad Mu'min (Ak-Bash)-khan to Kashgaria. He died presumably between 1730-1735. It was namely during the period of his rule that the events took place withthe description of which «Tarikh-i Kashgar» is finished. The works dedicated to the description of the life of Khasan-khodja, do not givedetailed data about his incursions. «Tazkira-yi azizan» (<<Tazkira-yi khodjagan»), otherwise «Tazkira-yi Djakhan», i.e. «The life ofDzhakhan-khodja» named so after the elder son of Daniyal-khodja Dzhakhan [Ya'kub-khodja]. speaks mainly about the period in the historyof Kashagia after the death of Daniyal-khodja and Khasan-khodja. Mainly it is dedicated to the fight of Burkhan ad-Din-khodja and Khan[Djakhan]-khodja, the sons of Akhmad-khodja (died in 1737/1738 AD) and grandsons Yakhya [Khan]-khodja, the son of Appak-khodja,with Djakhan [Ya'kubj-khodja.4 Yarkend = Moguliya, in Uigur Mamlakat-i-Moguliye, or the Yarkend khanate, later the Kashgar khanate, also often called Sayidiya -the feudal state in the Western part of Eastern Turkestan (at times included into itself also Turfan, Kumul, Chalysh) with the capital inYarkend, and beginning from 1596 in Kashgar, in the epoch of bloom embracing also the former territories of Mogolistan (Djungaria,Semirechye, the Fergan valley. Issyk-Kul), and also Badakhshan, Kashmere and the northern districts of Tibet.

to the library in 1921 by Shakirzhan Kabyldybaiuly". On the last page of the manuscript there isanother inscription, also made in the Kazakh language in Arabic script "The director of the Almatyprovince Muslim library Karim Yusupov 1927".

3.3. The visual materials, in case of necessity (for example, photographs or DVD of documentaryheritage)See the attached pictures.

3.4. History/Origin"Shah-name" is one of the outstanding monuments of written world literature, the national

treasure of the nomad population of the Middle Asia. The volume of the poem on the averageconsists of 60 000 beits (lines). But the researches of the specialists show that some manuscriptscontain up to 80 000 beits. Of course, not all of the works have reached us.

"Shah-name" as a considerable monument of world significance due to the translations intomany foreign languages has become the treasure not only for science but also for the wide circles ofreaders. "Shah-name" translated into many languages already in the middle ages. Thus for instancein the Xll-th century it was translated into French and Georgian. The most complete ancientmanuscripts that have reached us are deemed to be the London manuscript of the second half of theXlll-th c. (approximately 1276-1277) and the St.-Petersburg one, 1333. Beginning from the Xlll-th c."Shah-name" started being translated into the Turkic (Chagatai) language. Of special significance arethe translations of "Shah-name" into the Western-European languages. The worshippers of thiswonderful book were the lovers of poetry, researchers, Oriental specialists, philologists-translators,experts in Tajik poetry. "Shah-name" in the English language among the Western-Europeantranslations occupies a special place, since it has spread around the whole world. One of the firsttranslations in the English language was published in Kolkata (India) in 1785. The London edition of"Shah-name" appeared in 1788. Popular is also the translation of "Shah-name" in the Russianlanguage. Beginning 1849, separate works of Firdausi were published in collections and periodicalpress more than 200 times.

From time immemorial the Kazakhs highly valued the poetical word. The people especiallyloved the epic works that brought up courage, heroism, nobleness, devotion, better feelings. Thepoem "Shah-name" occupies a special place in the spiritual culture of the Kazakh people. Firdausi hadgreat cultural influence upon the poetic creativity of the Kazakh people. It had huge influence uponthe minds of the people. Whatever distances might separate the peoples from each other, the bestspecimens of their literatures will find ways of inter-penetration. The all-human and internationalcharacter of literature is expressed first of all in that the literary creativity of the peoples cannot existin isolation, without influencing each other. Consequently, the literary links are the lawful product ofthe general world literary process. In the years of "Aktaban shubyryndy" (The years of greattribulation) the nomadic population of Central Asia collected ancient narratives, translated the Old-Irani, Arabic books, they used in their verses the ideas, images and motives of fight between goodand evil.

The translation of "Shah-name" into the Turkic language was a kind of protest of the Kazakhpeople against the Djungar expansion. This very manuscript was made by the order of Yakub Khodjawho ruled in Eastern Turkestan in the 30-40s of the XVIII c.

When subsequently mentioned about this translation of "Shah-name" into Turkic language itwas said that it was made later by somebody named Yakhund Yarkendi in 1210 hijra (=1796). Theepic work of Abulkasim Firdousi started being translated into the Kazakh language already in the 30-sof the XlX-th c.

The first translator of "Shah-name" was Oraz Molda5 who began his work in 1843 and finishedit in 1870. This translation later in 1886 was published in Tashkent. Among the talented translations

3 Oraz Molda Zhusipuly (1814-1865, other sources claim 1804-1875)- Kazakh poet, translator. Was bom in Kyzyl-Orda region, Syr-Daryadistrict. He finished the madrasah Kokiltash in Bukhara, received higher education in Bagdad. He knew perfectly the Chagatai and Persianlanguages. The first translator of «Shakh-name» to the Kazakh language (1830-1870)

are the interpretations of akyn -poet Serdaly6, who transferred into Kazakh language part of thepoem named "Kissa-I Rustem - Dastan" and published it as a separate book (in 1888). Approximatelythe same very chapters reflecting the feats of legendary Rustem in his own translation werepublished in 1901 in Kazan city by mullah Khasan. Other successful translations were implemented bythe writer-translator Mukhamedzhan Seralin (1914-1915). He reproduced in the Kazakh language anepisode from "Shahname", the heroes of which are Rustem and his son Sokhrab. A little later anotherKazakh translator Aben Satybaldiyev, not possessing the language of the original, made a translationfrom the Russian interpretation of "Rustem and Zorab" by Vasily Zhukovski, in which he left thecontorted name Zorab (Sokhrab), which stayed a long time in the translated texts. In the 30-s of theXX-th c. the poem "Shah-name" was translated into Kazakh by Turmagambet Iztleuov7 (40 thousandlines), part of which named "Rustem-Dastan" (24 thousand lines) was published in 1961 as a separatebook. The literary study specialists deem his translation most attractive and adequate to the text ofthe original. Being a graduate of the Bukhara madrasah, he knew the Persian, Arabic and Turkiclanguages. It gave him the possibility to penetrate the beauty and depth of the original in order todeliver to the Kazakh reader the fully adequate version of the excerpts of the famous creation ofFirdausi. In 2004 there saw the light his book "Shah-name" in two volumes.

There in the fond of rare books and manuscripts of the National library of the Republic ofKazakhstan are kept manuscripts in Arabic, Persian, Turkic (Chagatai) and other languages dated bythe XII-XIX cc. In content the manuscripts represent fiction, the precise sciences, medicine,philosophy, linguistics, Sufism etc. The manuscripts' style of writing is also varied: the kissa,khikmets, genealogy, Risala, legends etc. In the collection of manuscripts in the Turkic (Chagatai)language there are the works of Khodja Akhmet Yassaui and his pupil Bakyrgani which entered the"Memory of the world" internatioonal UNESCO register in 2003, also works by Nauayi, Nizami,Firdousi etc. The studying of the Oriental manuscript collections of the National library of theRepublic of Kazakhstan began at the end of the 80-s of the XX-th c. The first print catalogue ofmanuscript books from the collection of the National library of the Republic of Kazakhstan is "Thecatalogue of manuscript books in the Persian language". The compilers S.Abdulloh and S.M.BakyrKamaleddini studied the collections of rare manuscripts and books of the collectors of Middle Asia, inwhich they found quite rare copies of manuscripts in the Farsi, Turkic (Chagatai) and Arabiclanguages.It's a pity, but the manuscripts in the Turkic language still remain little studied.

3.5. Bibliography1. The influence of Firdousi's "Shakhname" upon the people's poetics // Gorod.- 2009.- Oct.9.-

P.122. The Persian reader: The reader in Persian literature Part 1/ compiled by professor in Orinetal

languages of the Moscow imperial university Alexei Boldyrev (1780-1842)Moscow: universityprinting-house, 1833.- 210 pages.

3. The seven poets of the Orient. - Semei: Inetrnational Abai club, 2007.-184 p.- (The library of"Amanat" magazine - Poetry of the IX-XVI cc. Literature of the peoples of the world)

4. Firdousi and world poetry // Kazakh adebiety.-1934.- Oct.235. Abdrakhmanov S. 40 thousand ways treasure // Herald of "Kainar" university.- 2007.- #3/1.-

P.92-96.6. Abikova G.M. The Kazak copies of "Shakhname" poem from the manuscript fond of the Central

scientific library // Library study. Bibliography. Book-study : A collection of scientific library.-NLRK.-Almaty, 2005.- Vol.13- p.87-98.

7. Askarbekova N.M. Firdousi's "Shakhname" from the rare fond of the National library// Nationallibrary.- 2009.- #2. - P.55-59.

6 Serdaly Myrzalyuly - was bom in Kokchetav uyezd. Kazakh poet, translator.7 Turmagambet Iztleuov (in Kazakh = TypiuaraM6eT hTijteyyjiti, July 9, 1882 - May 15, 1939) - Kazakh poet, zhyrau, translator.

8. Alibekuly A. The mourning of the Turkic poet Sultan Kaitbai: The translation of AbulkasimFirdousi's "Shakhnama" into Turkish by Sharif Amidi// ll-nd Auezov readings: The materials ofthe young scientists' 2-nd international scientific-theoretical conference (Almaty, September 26,2003)/ Compiled by: A.Toishanuly, G.Kurmangali; Responsible editor S.S.Korabai.- Almaty:"Akaedmia" publishing centre, 2004.- 78-82 p.

9. Dosymova T. The creator of "Shakhnama" // Syr boiy.- 2007.- June 7.- 3 p.10. Zhemenei I. The world treasure "Shakhnama": the renowned Persian author Firdousi's

"Shakhnama" is also dear cultural heritage for the Kazakhs// Ak zhol.- 2004.- July 22.- 3 p.11. Zhemenei I. World treasure - "Shakhnama": about the history and artistic translation of

Firdousi's poem // Abai.- 2006.- Nl.- p.83-88.12. Zhusipov B. The truth about "Shakhnama": about the famous "Shakhnama" poem of the

Oriental poet Firdousi (Ferdausi) published in "Zhazushy" publishing house, after whichTurmagambet Iztileuov made his recitations// Kazak adebiety.- 2004.- December 20 (N50).- 6-7

P-13. Ibragimova G. "Shakhname" performed by Kazak singers // Akikat.-2010.-Nll.-p. 120-12114. Kadirova M.S. The people's poems in Firdousi's "Shakhname": abstract of theses.... cand.of

science (philology)/ the Tajik national university; scientific leader Sharipov Kh.- Dushanbe, 2010.-24 p.

15. Kenzhebayev B. Public figure, poet, journalist: about the poet Mukhametzhan Seralin whotranslated Firdousi // Kazak literature.-1972.- Sept.29

16. Kumisbayev U.K. Firdousi and Kazakh poets // Kazakh state university herald. Series in Orientalstudies.-1998.- N4.- P.34-37

17. Kumisbayev O. What influenced Abai... [About Firdousi, Zhami, Navoi]// Bilim zhane enbek.-1976.- N7.-20-21 p.

18. Kumisbayev O. Firdousi and Kazakh poets // Madeniyet- 2009.- Nl.- P.47-5019. Kumisbayev O. Shakhnama - in the Kazakh steppe: on the eve of the V-th conference of writers

of Asia and Africa// Kazak adebiyety.-1972.- Oct.620. Kumisbayev 0. In the ocean of "Shakhname"// Kazak.-2007.- Oct.5 (N40).- P.921. Kumisbayev 0. Oriental poets: Orinetal poetry/ Committee for information and heritage; editor

A.Kulimbetov.- Almaty: Kazygurt, 2011.- 224 p.22. Karatayev M. Abilkasym Firdousi// Jewellry made from words.- Almaty: Kazakhstan, 196623. Konyratbayev A., Baidildayev M. The great Oriental epopee: About Firdousi's "Shakhnama"//

Kazakhstan mugalimy.-1962.- March 1524. Kydyr T. "Do people know who is Eskendyr?": Esendyr in Koran and Eskendyr in history, is it one

man?: About Eskendyr in Firdousi's poem "Shakhnama" and Eskendyr in the works of A.Navoi//Turkistan.- 2004.- August 12.- 7 p.

25. Kydyr T. About the first translation of Firdousi's "Shakhnama" // Kazakh state university herald.Series in Oriental studies.-2010.- N4.- P.53-56

26. Mazur V. Our capital: 1000 years to the Firdousi's immortal poem "Shakhnama"// Labourbanner.- 2011.- February 15.- P.6

27. Mostafa B.A. The archtype in Firdousi's "Shakhname": abstract of theses. ...cand.of science(philology)/ the Tajik national university; scientific leader Rakhmanov A.A.- Dushanbe, 2011.-24 p.

28. Myrzakhmetuly M., Zhemenei I. Seven Persian poets praising Turan city: [The verses of sevenprominent Persian poets who lived in Iran about the history of Taraz city]// Kazak adebiety.-2002.- July 26 (N30).- 6-7 p.

29. Nasrin B. The symbol in the poem "The legend about Siyavush" in Firdousi's "Shakhname":abstract of theses.... abstract of theses.... candidate of science (philology)/ The institute oflanguage, literature, Oriental studies and written heritage after Rudaki of the Academy ofsciences of the Republic Tajikistan; scientific leader Rakhmonov Sh.A.- Dushanbe, 2011.- 26 p.

30. Nurgaliyev O. Firdousi: the Oriental star, about the poet// Kazak batyrlary.- 2002.- Kazan (N10).-9 p.

31. Sagandykova N.Zh. "Shakhnama" in the cultural heritage of the Kazakh people//The problemsof poetics and verse-study: the materials of the V-th International scientific-practical conferencededicated to the memory and 70-th birthday of the doctor of science (philology), professorV.V.Badikov (Oct. 15-16, 2009)/ Chief editor S.D.Abisheva.- Almaty, 2009.- P.293-297.

32. Sagandykova N.Zh. To the history of translation of "Shakhname" into the Kazakh language// Thehistorical-cultural interrelations between Iran and Dasht-I Kipchak: the materials of theinterantional conference (May 23-24, 2006). Book 2.- Almaty: Dyke-Press, 2007.- P.149-152

33. Satpayeva Sh.K. Firdousi's "Shakh-name" on the Kazakh soil // Satpayeva Sh.K. The selectedworks in five volumes.- Astana: Elorda, 2007.- V.2- P.207-239.

34. Satybaldiyev A. The trip with "Shakhnama"/ Kazak adebiety.-1963.- June 1435. Seyitova A. Abai's poem "Eskendyr" and the Persian-lingual Eskendymama-s//The international

conference "The heritage of Khodja Akhmet Yassaui and the issues for study in religion"(September 29 - October 1, 2008)/ editor D.Makhranov.- Almaty, 2008.-124-138 p.

36. Uzakova M. The civilization of the Great steppe and Shakhname// New generation.-2009.- Oct.9-P.15. Gorod.-2009.- Oct.9.- P.12

37. Khakim Abu-I-Kasym Ferdausi (941-1020). Firdousi's "Shakh-nama"/ Translated by ZhangiPurshad.- Lakhnau: Munshi Naval Kishor, 1287/1870.- 621 pages;

38. Firdousi. Shakhname. Volume 3.- Moscow: Nauka, 1965.- 592 p.39. Firdousi Abulkasim. Shakh-name. V.5.-M.: Nauka, 1984.- 390 p.40. Fridousi. Shakhname.-M.: Nauka, 1957 -T.6.-1957.-655 p.41. Firdousi, Nizami, Rustaveli, Navoi. Shakh-Name. Leili and Medjnun. The hero in the tiger hide.

Farkhad and Shirin.- M.: Detskaya literatura, 1989.- 734 p.-(The library of world literature forchildren; V.2)

42. Firdousi, Nizami, Rustaveli, Navoi. Shakh-Name. Leili and Medjnun.- M.: Detskaya literatura,1982.- 734 p.-(The library of world literature for children; V.2)

43. Firdousi. Kei-Khosrou: The verses from "Shakhnama" epopee.- Alma-Ata: Zhazushy, 1976.-184

P-44. Firdousi. Manushekhir.- Almaty, 1972.-168 p.45. Firdousi. The image of Rustam in "Shakhname": the selected thousand verses from Shakhname.-

Tehran, 1369 (1990).-138 p.46. Firdousi. Rustam and Sukhrab.- Tashkent, 1979.-123 p.47. Firdousi. Rustem-Zorab: 1-st book/ Translated by M.Seralin// Cultural heritage: literary fiction

published before the revolution in periodicals/ Compiled by U.Subkhanberdina.- Almaty;Zhazushy, 1970.- 209-236 p.

48. Firdousi. Shakh-name. Volume 1.- M.: Nauka, 1991.- 400 p.49. Firdousi. Shakh-name: Translated from Farsi.- M.: Khudozhestvennaya literatura, 1972.- 796 p.-

(Series 1, volume 24)50. Firdousi. Shakh-name.- M.: Detskaya literatura, 1985.- 734 p.51. Firdousi. Shakh-Name: volume 2/ Firdousi; notes by M.N.Osmanova.- Moscow: Nauka.

"Vostochnaya literatura" publishing house, 1992.- 392 p.52. Firdousi. Shakh-name in 2 books. Book 1.- Moscow: Khudozhestvennaya literatura, 1964. -752

P-53. Firdousi. Shakh-name in 2 books. Book 2.- Moscow: Khudozhestvennaya literatura, 1964. - 742

P-54. Firdousi. Shakh-name in 2 books: The critical text. Book 1/ Under the editorship of E.E.Bertels.-

Moscow: Vostochnaya literatura, 1960. - 30 p.55. Firdousi. Shakh-Name. The legend about Rustem.- M: Khudozhestvennaya literatura, 1980.- 477

P-56. Firdousi. Shakhname. V. I : From the beginning of the poem to the legend about Sokhrab/

The edition prepared by Ts.B.Banu-Lakhuti, A.Lakhuti, A.A.Starikov.- 2-nd edition, revised - M.:LADOMIR-Nauka, 1993.- 675 p.- (Literaturnye pamyatnyaki).

57. Firdousi. Shakhname. V.2: From the legend about Rostem and Sokhrab to the legend aboutRostem and Khakan Chin/ The translation by Ts.B.Banu-Lakhuti; commentaries by A.A.Starikov.-2-nd edition, revised - M.: LADOMIR-Nauka, 1994.- 643 p.- (Literaturnye pamyatnyaki).

58. Shulembayeva R. The pearl of literary East// Kazakhstanskaya pravda.- 2008.- May 24.- P.659. Shulembayeva R. The pearl of literary East: By the decision of UNESCO 2009 declared the year of

the millennium of the poem of Firdousi "Shakhname"/ Kazakhstanskaya pravda.- 2009.- Oct.9-P.21

60. Batyrkhan Bolatbek. Shahnameh and Kazak literature/ Under supervision of AJowaini.- Tehran:University of Tehran, 2004.- 209 p.

3.6. Surnames (Names, Patronymics), qualifications and contact data of up to three independentpeople or organizations, with expert knowledge about the value and origin of documentaryheritage.

1. Dr Henryk Jankowski - professor at the Department of Asian Studies, Adam MickiewiczUniversity, Poznan, PolandContact data: Henryk Jankowski

Katedra Studiow AzjatyckichUniwersytet im. A. Mickiewiczaal. Niepodleglosci 2461-714 PoznanTel.+4861 829 39 21Fax+4861 829 39 29E-mail: henko@amu,edu.pl

2. Zhemenei Islam - doctor of science (philology), professor of the University after S.Demirel.Contact data: Tel.: +7-702-341-50-52

E-mail: Jemeneyislam(5>vahoo.com

3. Shafigi Maksut Aminuly - scientist, Arabic specialist, researcher of manuscripts made inArabic script, specialist in studying folklore, scientific worker of the Institute of literature andart after M.O.Auezov of the Ministry of education and science of the Republic of Kazakhstan.Contact data: Tel.: +7-777-276-87-78

4. Alibekuly Akzhigit - Arabic-Orientalist, candidate of science (philology), deputy director ofthe Institute of literature and art after M.O.Auezov of the Ministry of education and scienceof the Republic of Kazakhstan.Contact data: Republic of Kazakhstan

050010 Almaty,Kurmangazy St., 29Tel: +7-727-272-74-11Fax: +7-727-272-79-43, +7-727-272-79-83E-mail: alibekuly a@mail.ru

5. Garkavets Alexander Nikolayevich - doctor of science (philology) by the speciality "The Turkiclanguages", professor, main scientific worker of the Institute of history and ethnology afterCh.Ch.Valikhanov of the Ministry of education and science of the Republic of Kazakhstan.Contact data: E-mail: qypchaq(5)usa.net; desht i qvpchaq@hotmail.com.

4.0. LEGAL INFORMATION4.1. Owner of the documentary heritage (name and contact data):Name: National library of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Committee on culture of the Ministry ofculture and information of the Republic of KazakhstanAddress: Republic of Kazakhstan, 050013, Almaty city, Abai av., 14Tel.:+7-727-267-28-83Fax : +7-727-267-28-83E-mail: org@nlrk.kz

4.2. Custodian of the documentary heritage (name and contact data, if different from owner):Name: Department of rare books and manuscripts of the National library of the Republic ofKazakhstanAddress: Republic of Kazakhstan, 050013, Almaty city, Abai av., 14Tel.: +7-727-267-28-55Fax : +7-727-267-28-83E-mail: rarebook@nlrk.kz, askarbekova(a»nlrk.kz

4.3. Legal status:(a) Category of ownership - state

4.4. AccessibilityAccess granted only to scientific researchers.

4.5. Copyright-legal status:Copyright-legal status conforms to the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On copyright and

related rights" (1997, Chapter 2, article 5).The organ responsible for administration: Committee on culture of the Ministry of culture and

information of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

5.0. JUSTIFICATION FOR INCLUSION/ ASSESSMENT AGAINST CRITERIAIn 2006, UNESCO approved the nomination of the Islamic Republic of Iran manuscript of "

Bayansaghori Shahnameh " kepting in The Imperial Library, Golestan Palace (Tehran) (Ref 2006-13).Prince Bayasanghor (1399-1433), the grandson of the legendary Central Asian leader Timur (1336-1405). This manuscript was written in Persian language specifically for the library of PrinceBayansaghor. The manuscript has a miniature, the volume is 700 pages, size 26 x 38 cm.

In contrast to the " Bayasanghori Shahnameh " a manuscript nominating by the NationalLibrary of Kazakhstan is written in the East-Turkic language. Translator of the manuscript is a greatpoet of the XVIII century in East Turkestan Kalandar Djahan. He lived in the heyday of the EastTurkestan Uighur Khans Saidiya Dynasty. The text of the manuscript is written in prose and verse. Themanuscript contains 1056 pages of main text, size is 50 x 30 x 9 cm.

5.1. Is authenticity established?Yes, authenticity has been established by the experts:Zharmukhamedov Mukhamedrakhym (1928-2011) - doctor of science (philology), professor. From1961 worked at the Institute of literature and art after M.O.Auezov of the Ministry of education andscience of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The author of more than 150 scientific works. Among them"Ogyz-nama", "Mukhabbatnama", "Khodja Akhmet Yassaui" and others. He translated "Diuanikhikmet" of Khodja Ahmet Yassaui from the Turkic (Chagatai) language in Arabic script into Cyrrilics.For the labor achievements he was awarded three times by the Honorary certificate of the Ministryof culture of Turkey.Shafigi Maksut Aminuly (21.03.1934 - ...) - Arabic scientist, researcher of manuscripts in Arabicscript, specialist in folklore studies. In 1961 graduated from the faculty of the Arab language of the

Beijing university of international relations (China). From 1974 scientific worker of the Institute ofliterature and art after M.O.Auezov of the Ministry of education and science of the Republic ofKazakhstan. He translated into Cyrrilics many manuscripts written in the Turkic (Chagatai) language inArabic script kept in the fonds of the National library, the Central scientific library of the Academy ofsciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Institute of literature and art after M.O.Auezov.among them "Diuani khikmet" of Khodja Ahmet Yassaui. One of the authors of the first textbook"The Arabic language" for Kazakh schools. The author of more than 100 scientific articles dedicatedto folklore.

5.2. World significanceHas been proved by the above-mentioned experts."Shakh-name" is one of the outstanding monuments of written literature in world literature, thenational asset of the Tajiks and Persians. "Shakh-name" as an outstanding monument ofinternational significance and translated into many languages of the world, has become the treasurenot only for science but the wide circles of readers.

5.3. CriteriaIs one or more of the criteria of (a) time, (b) place, (c) people, (dj subject and theme, (e) form andstyle satisfied?

a) Time:The National library of the Republic of Kazakhstan presents for inclusion into the "Memory of the

world" international UNESCO register the work by A.Firdausi "Shakh-name".The prosaic code "Shah-name" is the result of the urgent need for the creation of truly poetical

works about the heroic past. All this was stipulated on the one hand by the ever-growing process ofawakening people's self-consciousness, the need of spiritual self-expression; on the other hand itwas dictated by the necessity of consolidation of the inner forces of the country before the threat ofexternal invasion of nomad tribes with which there had to be carried incessant wars.

The primary thought of "Shah-name" - is the glorification of the native country, the exultanthymn to the Motherland, the call for the unification of separated forces, the centralization of powerin the name of rebuffing of external invasions, for the good of the country.

The translation of the given manuscript was made into the Eastern-Turkic dialect (the Chagatailanguage) of Turkestan by the orders of Yakub-Khodzha (Khodja Djakhan) the son of Daniyal-Khodja,the ruler of Yarkend8, the contemporary of the Djungar khan khuntaishi Tsevang Rabdan (1663-1727). The main idea of the translation into the Chagatai language was the goal of raising the spiritsof the nomadic population of the present-day Kazakhstan in the fight against the Djungar invasion.This manuscript is a copy of the original manuscript which was written in the period "Aktabanshubyryndy" ("The years of great tribulation") (1723-1727) - the most devastating invasion, whichbecame fixed in the people's memory of the Kazakhs, when the Djungars captured the capital citiesof Turkestan, Tashkent and Sairam. Masses of desolate people fleeing from the invaders, escaped tothe Uzbek lands in Samarkand and Bukhara. The plundered groups of Kazakhs from the Great clanand a small part of the Middle clan crossing a little higher than the place where the river Chirchikflows into Syr-Darya, migrated to the places of Khodjent and Samarkand. The Kazakhs from theLesser clan, evading Sairam city (Sairam ainalgan), fled to Khiva and Bukhara. Some Kazakh clansmigrated to the desert districts of Kyzylkum and Karakum. In "the Years of great tribulation" theKazakhs lost the rich pastures of the Semirechye, there were ruptured the traditional routes ofwandering, the trade and the centres of craftsmanship declined, the number of cattle and sheepsharply fell. In these years there appeared the song "Elim-ai" ("My people"), which expresses thetragedy of the Kazakh people.

8 Yarkend - Moguliya, Uigur = Mamlakat-i-Moguliye, or Yarkend khanate, later Kashgar khanate, also often called Saidiya - the feudal statein the Western part of Eastern Turkestan (at times included also Turfan, Kumul. Chalysh) with the capital in Yarkend, and from 1596 inKashgar, in the epoch of bloom embraced also the former territories of Mogolistan (Djungariya, Semirechye, the Fergan valley, lssyk-kul),and also Badakhshan, Kashmere and the northern districts of Tibet.

10

b) Place:Yarkend = Moguliya, Uigur = Mamlakat-i-Moguliye, or Yarkend khanate, later Kashgar khanate,

also often called Saidiya - the feudal state in the Western part of Eastern Turkestan (now Xingjiangprovince, China). Originated in ancient times as a place of halt caravans followed the Silk Road.Known in Chinese sources from BC II century. At the end of AD I century yielded Bao Chao of HangDynasty troops, thus giving way to commercial primacy of the neighboring oases of Kashgar andKargalyk. Revived during the Tang Dynasty. In the XIII century, it was conquered by the Mongols andcalled pearl of the Chagatai ulus. At times included also Turfan, Kumul, Chalysh with the capital inYarkend, and from 1596 in Kashgar, in the epoch of bloom embraced also the former territories ofMogolistan (Djungariya, Semirechye, the Fergan valley, Issyk-kul), and also Badakhshan, Kashmereand the northern districts of Tibet. In the middle of the XVIII century, after Dzhungar Khanate wasdestroyed, was a part of the Qing Empire.

c) People:At the end of the first half of the XVIII century began the process of weakening Jungar khanate -

the once-powerful nomadic nation.The XVIII century was for the Uighur people a period of hardship. The territory of East Turkistan

was subjected to occupation, accompanied by the extermination of civilians._Strengthening of civilwar in Dzungaria gave rise to the liberation movements in Eastern Turkestan. Since the beginning ofthe XVIII century Daniyal-Khoja formally ruled the country until his death as a vassal Dzungaria. Afterhis death Galdan Tseren appointed rulers of Kashgar by his sons: Jehan-Khoja (Khoja Yakub), YusufKhoja, Nizam ad-din Khoja and Abdallah-Khoja. However, their power over the cities of Kashgar wasnominal.

Translation of the manuscript on the East-Turkic language is made on behalf of the Jahan-Khoja(Yakub-Khoja) by the great Eastern Turkestan poet of the XVIII century, an influential representativeof the Sufi Order of "Poor" Qalandar Jahan. A major government official and public figure Qalandarwas recognized at the time a virtuoso literary art. He wrote a great number of gazelles, masnevi,rubai, kyssa, qasida, etc. He lived and worked in the heyday of the East Turkestan Uighur KhansSaidiya Dynasty.

d) Subject and theme:Turkic manuscript "Shah-name" is one of the great literary monuments of world literature,

national heritage of the nomadic population of Central Asia. If the Persian version of "Shah-name"served as a hymn to Iran, calling for the fight with the Arabs, the Turkic version of "Shah-name" wasthe hymn for the Kazakh nomadic people to appeal against Djungars.

e) Form and style:The lexical studies of the historical linguistic-cultural monument "Shakh-name" by Firdausi

translated into the Turkic (Chagatai) language helps restore the vanished segment of original lexicalunits that have undergone the structural-semantic changes during the process of evolution of formand content. The study of the Turkic (Chagatai) language of "Shakh-name" as the perfect specimen ofthe early stage of development of the modern Turkic dialects (Kazakh, Kirghiz, Uzbek, Uigur, Tartar,Bashkir, Turkish etc.) is conducive to the more effective and argument-based researches of thepeculiarities of development of the given language.

6.0. Contextual information6.1. Rarity

The given manuscript is a bibliographical rarity, it is kept as the only copy within the fonds ofthe National library of the Republic of Kazakhstan and does not have analogues in the Republic ofKazakhstan.

11

6.2. IntegrityThe completed and full variant of the translation of the manuscript of "Shah-name" by

Firdousi into the Turkic language.

7.0. CONSULTATIONS WITH INTERESTED SIDES7.1. Present detailed information about consultations by this nomination with interested sides bysignificance and preservation.See 3.6.

8.0. RISK ASSESSMENTRequest to give data on the character and degree of dagger threatening the given documentaryheritage8.1. Evaluation of physical state:The manuscript belongs to the XVIII century. The document was subject to non-professionalrestoration which together wi th the low-quality restoration material and lack of the stablestorageregime provokes the breach of integrity.

9.0. PRESERVATION AND PLAN FOR ACCESS CONTROL (Conditions of storage)9 .1 . Is there a plan for access and preservation control for the given documentary heritage?YES NOThere have been created conditions in the National library of the Republic of Kazakhstan for thestorage of the rare fond which are near the norm. Beginning f rom May, 2005 there is implemented inthe library the project for the creation of the digital manuscript and print heritage kept at theNational library of the Republic of Kazakhstan, which wil l make it possible to provide the preservationof wr i t ten heritage and widened access to it by means of the information technologies. The existingequipment is used to maintain and control the regime of their storagethe manuscripts and rarebooks that consist documentary heritage go through the regular manual dusting and airingprocedures. The lack of qualified restorers and the modern ecologically clean materials andequipment in restoration do not make it possible to carry out full-scale works.

10.0. ANY OTHER INFORMATIONGive in detail any other information to support the inclusion of the given documentary heritage tothe "Memory of the world" World register. If the nomination successfully passes, how will you use itto help "The Memory of the world" programme?The National library in case of succesful passing of the nomination, plans the digitization of themanuscript "Shah-name", publication of the reprint edition identical to the original. The attraction ofscientists, researchers for the study and publication of the manuscript in the Kazakh and otherlanguages. The popularization of the Turkic version of the work by Firdousi "Shah-name" among theTurkic speaking population of the world.

Part C - PresentationThe present nomination is presented by: Director-General of the National library of the

Republic of KazakhstanGulissa Kabarovna Balabekova

May 11,2012(date)

12